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<mods:title id="FB635CC24E8778B45CBE822AE1035CF0">Revision of the dragon-head cusk eels of the genus Porogadus (Teleostei: Ophidiidae), with description of eight new species and one new genus</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B954A6189A2A2970FF005820FE455D74" bold="true" box="[151,408,562,589]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Porogadus atripectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB107FB9A2A2970FE085820FD8E5D74" author="Garman, S." box="[415,595,562,588]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref62470" refString="Garman, S. (1899) The Fishes. In: Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. I. Tanner, U. S. N. commanding. No. XXV, the fishes. Memoires of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 24, 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27494" type="journal article" year="1899">Garman, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="131B668F9A2A2970FF005844FEDF5D49" box="[151,258,598,625]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="25.[151,250,1983,2007]" captionStartId-1="26.[151,250,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1419,525,1944]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1430,185,1116]" captionTargetId-0="figure-187@25.[168,1419,525,1959]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@26.[151,1436,181,1122]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="26" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Porogadus atripectus Garman, 1899; LACM 36550-5, off California; 7AB, 258 mm SL; 7C, 233 mm SL." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Porogadus atripectus Garman, 1899; 8AB, SIO 89-108, 225 mm SL, 32°36N, 118°10W, 15001940 m, head drawings; 8CD, USNM 405735, 236 mm SL, 04°17S, 81°44W, 18151860 m, head drawings; 8EF, MCZ 28657, lectotype, 253 mm SL,05°30N, 86°45W, 1951 m, otolith (E inner face, F ventral view)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454151" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454153" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5454151/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5454153/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 78</figureCitation>
,
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,
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, Tab. 17
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<emphasis id="B954A6189A2A2970FF005889FEAC5D8B" box="[151,369,667,691]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Porogadus atripectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB107FB9A2A2970FEE05889FDE35D8B" author="Garman, S." box="[375,574,667,691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref62470" refString="Garman, S. (1899) The Fishes. In: Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. I. Tanner, U. S. N. commanding. No. XXV, the fishes. Memoires of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 24, 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27494" type="journal article" year="1899">Garman, 1899: 154</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 37, fig. 3;
<treatmentCitation id="0A815C1B9A2A2970FD455889FC675D8B" author="Nielsen, J. G. &amp; Cohen, D. M. &amp; Markle, D. F. &amp; vRobins, C. R." box="[722,954,667,691]" page="86" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB107FB9A2A2970FD455889FC675D8B" author="Nielsen, J. G. &amp; Cohen, D. M. &amp; Markle, D. F. &amp; vRobins, C. R." box="[722,954,667,691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref64460" refString="Nielsen, J. G., Cohen, D. M., Markle, D. F. &amp; vRobins, C. R. (1999) Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). FAO Fisheries Synopsis, 125, FAO Species Catalogue, 18, 1 - 178." type="journal article" year="1999">
Nielsen
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2A2970FCB2588EFC845D8B" box="[805,857,667,691]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
1999: 86
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB107FB9A2A2970FC525889FAEB5D8B" author="Castellanos-Galindo, G. A. &amp; Rincon, E. A. R. &amp; Beltran-Leon, B. &amp; Zapata, L. A. &amp; Baldwin, C. C." box="[965,1334,667,691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="191 - 209" refId="ref61944" refString="Castellanos-Galindo, G. A., Rincon, E. A. R., Beltran-Leon, B., Zapata, L. A. &amp; Baldwin, C. C. (2006) Check list of gadiform, ophidiiform and lophiiform fishes from Colombian waters of the tropical eastern Pacific. Biota Colombiana, 7 (2), 191 - 209." type="journal article" year="2006">
Castellanos-Galindo
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2A2970FB0D588EFB135D8B" box="[1178,1230,667,691]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2006:198
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.
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(
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,
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/
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Albatross, large beam trawl,
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28656 (
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/
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Albatross, large beam trawl,
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</date>
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;
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28658 (
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),
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SL, off
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,
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,
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FC83595FFCFB5C5F" box="[788,806,845,871]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FCB9595CFC9F5C50" box="[814,834,846,872]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
Albatross, small beam trawl,
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</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
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<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A2A2970FADC595FFF295CB4" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">LACM 36550-5</specimenCode>
(
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),
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SL, off
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,
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FCB05963FCE45CB3" box="[807,825,881,907]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FCD55960FC8B5CB4" box="[834,854,882,908]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
Velero
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FC275960FEED5C97" collectingDate="1977-01-26" collectionCode="IV, IKMT" country="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FC275960FC175CB4" box="[944,970,882,908]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IV</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FC4D5960FBFC5CB4" box="[986,1057,882,908]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IKMT</collectionCode>
Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Trawl,
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<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FA175963FEED5C97" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1977-01-26">26 January 1977</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
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(
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),
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SL,
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,
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,
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</quantity>
, 10-ft beam trawl
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FEB059A8FC145CEB" box="[295,969,953,980]" collectingDate="1961-05-03" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Mr. Parker" country="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FEB059A8FE915CEC" box="[295,332,954,980]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">RV</collectionCode>
Spencer F Baird, collected by
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,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A2A2970FCAC59ABFC145CEB" box="[827,969,953,980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1961-05-03">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FCAC59ABFC145CEB" box="[827,969,953,980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1961-05-03">3 May 1961</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
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<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A2A2970FC4059ABFB925CEB" box="[983,1103,953,979]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="University or college">SIO 68-82</specimenCode>
(
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),
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SL,
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,
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,
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</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FD4E59CFFD365CCF" box="[729,747,989,1015]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
/
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Thomas Washington, sta.
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FBA259CCFCC55B23" collectingDate="1968-01-15" collectingDateMax="1968-01-16" collectingDateMin="1968-01-15" collectionCode="MV" collectorName="Carl L. Hubbs" country="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="MV 68" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A2A2970FBA259CCFB5A5CCF" box="[1077,1159,989,1016]" collectionCode="MV" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">MV 68</specimenCode>
-I-49, 41-ft ballon trawl, collected by
<collectorName id="26D51FDC9A2A2970FEBF5E13FE155B23" box="[296,456,1025,1052]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Carl L. Hubbs</collectorName>
&amp; party,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A2A2970FDA35E13FCC55B23" box="[564,792,1025,1052]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1968-01-15" valueMax="1968-01-16" valueMin="1968-01-15">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FDA35E13FCC55B23" box="[564,792,1025,1052]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1968-01-15" valueMax="1968-01-16" valueMin="1968-01-15">1516 January 1968</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FCB85E13FBB05B07" collectionCode="SIO" country="Mexico" elevation="1880" latitude="27.266666" location="Guaymas Basin" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-111.416664" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="SIO 70-248" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A2A2970FCB85E13FC6E5B23" box="[815,947,1025,1051]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="University or college">SIO 70-248</specimenCode>
(
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),
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SL,
<location id="8EFF2CD19A2A2970FAA45E13FF075B07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0389CB1C9A2A2973FF005820FA405EB1:8EFF2CD19A2A2970FAA45E13FF075B07" country="Mexico" latitude="27.266666" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-111.416664" name="Guaymas Basin" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guaymas Basin</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE141CCD9A2A2970FEDB5E37FE625B78" box="[332,447,1061,1088]" degrees="111" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-111.416664">111°25W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A2A2970FE5D5E37FDFD5B78" box="[458,544,1061,1088]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1880.0">
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</quantity>
, Operation Blind Spot, 25-ft otter trawl, collected by
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FBE35E34FF0F5B5B" collectingDate="1970-06-14" collectionCode="R" country="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FBE35E34FB575B78" box="[1140,1162,1062,1088]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
. McConnaughey,
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<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FAC45E37FF0F5B5B" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1970-06-14">14 Jun 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FF485E5BFDAE5BBF" collectionCode="SIO" country="Mexico" elevation="1875" latitude="27.283333" location="Guaymas Basin" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-111.433334" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="SIO 70-249" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A2A2970FF485E5BFEBE5B5B" box="[223,355,1097,1123]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="University or college">SIO 70-249</specimenCode>
(
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), 185+ and
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SL,
<location id="8EFF2CD19A2A2970FC885E5BFC095B5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0389CB1C9A2A2973FF005820FA405EB1:8EFF2CD19A2A2970FC885E5BFC095B5B" box="[799,980,1097,1123]" country="Mexico" latitude="27.283333" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-111.433334" name="Guaymas Basin" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guaymas Basin</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE141CCD9A2A2970FBDF5E5BFB665B5B" box="[1096,1211,1097,1123]" degrees="111" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-111.433334">111°26W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A2A2970FB505E5BFAC25B5C" box="[1223,1311,1097,1124]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.875" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1875.0">
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</quantity>
, Operation Blind Spot, 25-ft otter trawl, collected by
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FDEB5E7CFC2C5BBF" box="[636,1009,1133,1160]" collectingDate="1970-06-15" collectionCode="R" country="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FDEB5E7CFD4F5BB0" box="[636,658,1134,1160]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
. McConnaughey,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A2A2970FCF65E7FFC2C5BBF" box="[865,1009,1133,1160]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1970-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FCF65E7FFC2C5BBF" box="[865,1009,1133,1160]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1970-06-15">15 Jun 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
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SL,
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,
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,
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,
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FC8F5E83FCF75B93" box="[792,810,1169,1195]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FCA45E80FC9A5B94" box="[819,839,1170,1196]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
Melville, 40-ft otter trawl, collected by
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FA985E80FEEF5BF7" collectingDate="1931-10-03" collectionCode="R" country="Panama" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FA985E80FAF85B94" box="[1295,1317,1170,1196]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
. Wilson,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A2A2970FA195E83FEEF5BF7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1931-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FA195E83FEEF5BF7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1931-10-03">3 October 1931</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
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<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A2A2970FEAA5EA7FE1D5BF7" box="[317,448,1205,1231]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="University or college">SIO 89-108</specimenCode>
(
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),
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SL,
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,
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,
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,
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FAF95EA7FA5D5BF7" box="[1390,1408,1205,1231]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FA1F5EA4FA415BE8" box="[1416,1436,1206,1232]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
Robert Gordon Sproul, collected by
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FDBA5EC8FC7D5BCB" box="[557,928,1241,1268]" collectingDate="1989-09-12" collectionCode="R" country="Panama" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FDBA5EC8FD9E5BCC" box="[557,579,1242,1268]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
. Kaufman,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A2A2970FD535ECBFC7D5BCB" box="[708,928,1241,1267]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1989-09-12">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FD535ECBFC7D5BCB" box="[708,928,1241,1267]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1989-09-12">12 September 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
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<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A2A2970FC3B5ECBFB8A5BCC" box="[940,1111,1241,1268]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">USNM 405735</specimenCode>
(
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SL,
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,
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,
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A2A2970FDA85EEFFE625A03" collectingDate="1966-09-09" collectionCode="R, V" collectorName="L. W. Knapp" country="Panama" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FDA85EEFFD8C5A2F" box="[575,593,1277,1303]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A2A2970FDCD5EECFDB35A20" box="[602,622,1278,1304]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
Anton Bruun, Cruise 18B, Sta. 766, 72 ft shrimp trawl, collected by
<collectorName id="26D51FDC9A2A2970FAF25EECFF395A04" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">L.W. Knapp</collectorName>
,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A2A2970FF675F33FE625A03" box="[240,447,1313,1339]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1966-09-09">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A2A2970FF675F33FE625A03" box="[240,447,1313,1339]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1966-09-09">9 September 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A2A2970FF505F57FED2592C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A2A2970FF505F57FED2592C" blockId="24.[151,1437,737,2024]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2A2970FF505F57FE9F5A67" bold="true" box="[199,322,1349,1375]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Precaudal vertebrae 1718; long gill rakers on first gill arch 1518; HL:HD 1.61.8 (rarely 1.52 1.6); head spines strong on ethmoidal, sphenotic, outer posttemporal, inner preopercular rim, weak on lacrimal, prefrontal, interorbital, 5th infraorbital, absent on supraorbital, supratemporal, and outer preopercular rim; opercular spine flat, weak; lower lateral line pores until beginning of anal fin 1720; vomer with broad dentition patch (24 rows); palatines with broad dentition patch (57 rows); otolith with single colliculum and step at collum; OL:OH = 1.451.65.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A2A2972FF505C0FFCED5996" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A2A2970FF505C0FFC1C59FF" blockId="24.[151,1437,737,2024]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2A2970FF505C0FFE84590F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1565,1591]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
Meristics: precaudal vertebrae 18 (1718), 0 (02) last vertebrae without ribs; pectoral-fin rays 20 (1620); D/V = 5 (57); D/A = 28 (2429); V/A = 19 (1820); long gill rakers on lower gill arch 16 (1518). Gill rakers in a
<typeStatus id="549BC4A89A2A2970FE845C77FE775947" box="[275,426,1637,1663]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
(MCZ 28658) on lower first gill arch with seven plate-shaped rakers, followed by a series of 17 long rakers. The lower 13 of those intercepted by single plate shaped rakers. Upper gill arch with a series of three five plate shaped rakers intercepted by three slightly longer rakers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A2A2970FF505CC3FB775844" blockId="24.[151,1437,737,2024]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Morphometrics: in % of SL: HL 15.8 (14.717.6); maximal HD 9.2 (8.810.6); HD through center of eye 5.8 (5.67.3); bony interorbital width 3.9 (3.04.1); snout length 5.3 (4.75.7); upper jaw length 9.4 (8.610.9); predorsal 17.2 (15.519.1); preanal 31.2 (30.335.4); prepelvic 13.4 (11.314.5); prepectoral 15.6 (15.017.6); pectoral length 7.4 (7.410.4). Relations: HL:HD = 1.71 (1.611.80, rarely down to 1.52); HL to snout length 2.96 (2.783.25); preanal to predorsal 1.82 (1.652.01); predorsal to prepectoral 1.10 (1.031.16).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A2A2971FF505D97FD445ECD" blockId="24.[151,1437,737,2024]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Slender fish with long tapering tail and moderately pointed snout. Maximal size of fishes investigated
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A2A2970FAD75D97FA405898" box="[1344,1437,1925,1952]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="277.0">277 mm</quantity>
SL. Head moderately long and slender, with straight or slightly concave dorsal profile, with mostly weak spines as follows: 1 strong spine on ethmoidal, 23 strong spines along sphenotic, 12 strong spines on outer posttemporal, 34 spines along inner preopercular rim, narrow ridge on lacrimal, 1 weak spine on prefrontal, 2 weak spines on interorbital, no or 1 spine on 5th infraorbital, no spines on supraorbital, supratemporal, and along outer preopercular rim. Opercle with flat, weak, poorly extruding spine. Eye small located in strongly asymmetric orbit. Maxilla extending far beyond eye, strongly widened posteriorly and with distinct supramaxilla. Infra-/postorbital and mandibular-preopercular pores wide, pores on occiput in front of nape. Head squamation on opercle, cheeks and occiput, small scales surrounding eye, no scales on snout and maxilla (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB107FB9A2B2971FCDF5B59FC3F5E5D" author="Garman, S." box="[840,994,331,357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref62470" refString="Garman, S. (1899) The Fishes. In: Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. I. Tanner, U. S. N. commanding. No. XXV, the fishes. Memoires of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 24, 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27494" type="journal article" year="1899">Garman 1899</bibRefCitation>
shows scales on maxilla). Opercle with two distinct large neuromasts behind preopercular edge; opercular flap small, with or without radial ridges, completely covered with scales. All three lateral line rows well visible. Upper lateral line row with 912 pores; lower lateral line row with 1720 pores until beginning of anal fin; central lateral line row long, lower and central lateral line rows fading behind beginning of anal fin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5F2A829A2B2971FF005DADFA8458EF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454151" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454151" box="[151,1369,1983,2007]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454151/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,250,1983,2007]" targetBox="[168,1419,525,1944]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A2B2971FF005DADFA8458EF" blockId="25.[151,1369,1983,2007]" box="[151,1369,1983,2007]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2B2971FF005DADFECE58EF" bold="true" box="[151,275,1983,2007]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A2B2971FE8E5DADFD5358EF" authority="Garman, 1899" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1899" box="[281,654,1983,2007]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripectus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2B2971FE8E5DADFE2E58EF" box="[281,499,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Porogadus atripectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB107FB9A2B2971FE6D5DADFD5358EF" author="Garman, S." box="[506,654,1983,2007]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref62470" refString="Garman, S. (1899) The Fishes. In: Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. I. Tanner, U. S. N. commanding. No. XXV, the fishes. Memoires of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 24, 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27494" type="journal article" year="1899">Garman, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; LACM 36550-5, off California;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2B2971FC775DADFBC158EF" bold="true" box="[992,1052,1983,2007]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">7AB</emphasis>
, 258 mm SL;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A2B2971FB395DADFB1058EF" bold="true" box="[1198,1229,1983,2007]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">7C</emphasis>
, 233 mm SL.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5F2A829A282972FF005E68FC695BE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454153/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,250,1146,1170]" targetBox="[157,1430,185,1116]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A282972FF005E68FC695BE2" blockId="26.[151,1437,1146,1242]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FF005E68FEC95BAA" bold="true" box="[151,276,1146,1170]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FE8B5E68FD495BAA" authority="Garman, 1899" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1899" box="[284,660,1146,1170]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripectus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FE8B5E68FE2A5BAA" box="[284,503,1146,1170]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porogadus atripectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB107FB9A282972FE695E68FD495BAA" author="Garman, S." box="[510,660,1146,1170]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref62470" refString="Garman, S. (1899) The Fishes. In: Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. I. Tanner, U. S. N. commanding. No. XXV, the fishes. Memoires of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 24, 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 27494" type="journal article" year="1899">Garman, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FD085E68FD065BAA" bold="true" box="[671,731,1146,1170]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">8AB</emphasis>
, SIO 89-108, 225 mm SL, 32°36N, 118°10W, 15001940 m, head drawings;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FE975E8CFEE25B8E" bold="true" box="[256,319,1182,1206]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">8CD</emphasis>
, USNM 405735, 236 mm SL, 04°17S, 81°44W, 18151860 m, head drawings;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FBFB5E8CFB7B5B8E" bold="true" box="[1132,1190,1182,1206]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">8EF</emphasis>
, MCZ 28657, lectotype, 253 mm SL,05°30N, 86°45W, 1951 m, otolith (E inner face, F ventral view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A282972FF505F1AFDB75A8A" blockId="26.[151,1437,1288,2035]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Dentition. All teeth tiny and cone-shaped. Vomer with a v-shaped dentition patch with 24 rows of teeth anteriorly; palatines with a long and moderately wide dentition patch with 57 rows. Premaxilla tooth patches not fused anteriorly; ca. four teeth rows anteriorly and 12 rows posteriorly. Dentary tooth patches not fused anteriorly; ca. four teeth rows anteriorly and one row posteriorly. Median basibranchial tooth patch short to moderately long and wide, rarely with single tiny lateral patch.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A282972FF505FAEFE83595E" blockId="26.[151,1437,1288,2035]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Otolith morphology (n = 2). Size up to
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in length; OL:OH = 1.451.65; OH:OT c. 2.5. Thin, oval, moderately elongate otolith, anteriorly rounded, posteriorly slightly tapering. Dorsal rim with obtuse angle in front of middle; ventral rim shallow, regularly curving. All rims smooth. Inner face nearly flat, smooth, with short, centrally positioned sulcus; OL:TCL = 2.4. Sulcus with shallow, undivided colliculum showing step in shape along ventral margin at collum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A282972FF505C62FCED5996" blockId="26.[151,1437,1288,2035]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Coloration. Live coloration not known. Color of preserved specimens light to medium brown; pectoral fin slightly darker; head darker than body, particularly opercle.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A282973FF505CAAFE955FC1" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A282973FF505CAAFE955FC1" blockId="26.[151,1437,1288,2035]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,150,393]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FF505CAAFE9159EA" bold="true" box="[199,332,1720,1746]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FEC45CAAFD9959EA" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1899" box="[339,580,1720,1746]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripectus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FEC45CAAFD9959EA" box="[339,580,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porogadus atripectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FC4B5CAAFB4559EA" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[988,1176,1720,1746]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FC4B5CAAFB4559EA" box="[988,1176,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porogadus miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group in the less slen- der head (HL:HD ≤ 1.8 vs&gt; 1.8), and the flat and weak opercular spine. Also, the head spines are generally less and weaker in many cases than in other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FD5D5D12FC5B5822" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[714,902,1792,1818]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FD5D5D12FC5B5822" box="[714,902,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porogadus miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group. Because of the less slender head shape,
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FF005D37FEF85806" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,293,1829,1854]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripectus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FF005D37FEF85806" box="[151,293,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. atripectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles fishes of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FDD65D36FCEE5806" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[577,819,1828,1854]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trichiurus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FDD65D36FCEE5806" box="[577,819,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porogadus trichiurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group but differs from them in the lower number of long gill rakers (1517, rarely 18 vs 1821, except
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<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FCD75D5BFC2E585A" authority="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller, 2021" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[832,1011,1864,1890]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solomonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FCD75D5BFC2E585A" box="[832,1011,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. solomonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FC6D5D5AFBE4585A" bold="true" box="[1018,1081,1864,1890]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2671B639A282972FC6D5D5AFBE4585A" box="[1018,1081,1864,1890]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), the longer preanal (30.335.4 vs 26.730.0), and the presence of scales on frontal, occiput and around eye (vs no scales on frontal, occiput and around eye, except on occiput in
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FD835D83FD425892" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[532,671,1936,1962]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trichiurus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FD835D83FD425892" box="[532,671,1936,1962]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. trichiurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Because its relatively weak head spines
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FB135D83FACF5892" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1899" box="[1156,1298,1937,1962]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripectus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FB135D83FACF5892" box="[1156,1298,1937,1962]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. atripectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also resembles the species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A282972FE025DA6FDB158F6" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[405,620,1972,1998]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A282972FE025DA6FDB158F6" box="[405,620,1972,1998]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porogadus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group but differs in the presence of spines along the inner margin of the preopercle (vs absent), the scales around the eye (vs absent), and the larger and more elongate otolith (OL:OH = 1.451.65 vs 1.151.25). It thus appears that
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A292973FD065A85FCC15F88" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1899" box="[657,796,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripectus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A292973FD065A85FCC15F88" box="[657,796,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. atripectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stands somewhat isolated from the other members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A292973FF005AA9FE885FED" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,341,187,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A292973FF005AA9FE885FED" box="[151,341,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porogadus miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group and morphologically somewhat intermittent to the
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A292973FC615AA9FB3A5FED" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1014,1255,187,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trichiurus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A292973FC615AA9FB3A5FED" box="[1014,1255,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porogadus trichiurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A292973FAB55AA9FF305FC1" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A292973FAB55AA9FF305FC1" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porogadus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groups.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A292973FF505B10FA405EB1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A292973FF505B10FA405EB1" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A292973FF505B10FEBC5E24" bold="true" box="[199,353,258,284]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A292973FEFE5B11FD865E24" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1899" box="[361,603,259,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripectus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A292973FEFE5B11FD865E24" box="[361,603,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porogadus atripectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the East Pacific off the shores of America from
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to at least
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(
<figureCitation id="131B668F9A292973FE805B35FEB65E79" box="[279,363,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1887,1911]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1183,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-169@82.[151,1436,1178,1863]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 44. Geographic distribution of the species of the Porogadus miles group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454225/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
). It has been caught mostly between 1800 and
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, rarely up to
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on the lower reaches or the base of the continental slopes. There does not appear to be a relationship of fish sizes with depth of occurrence.
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<emphasis id="B954A6189A292973FF755B7DFE0E5EB0" box="[226,467,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porogadus atripectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not appear to venture away from the slope for more than about
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(
<figureCitation id="131B668F9A292973FAAB5B7DFA4D5EB1" box="[1340,1424,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="89.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,191,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@89.[174,1413,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 50. Depth versus distance from shelf plots for specimens of the Porogadus trichiurus group (upper panel) and the Porogadus catena group (lower panel)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454237/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>