treatments-xml/data/03/89/CB/0389CB1C9A172940FF005950FC495EB1.xml
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<document id="6B3B1789749AC2288B80C20C27625C7F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5029.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454137" ID-ZooBank="4EB4DF61-5DA9-4021-A6D6-00142C31B5E5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630655531429" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schwarzhans, Werner W. &amp; Møller, Peter R." docDate="2021" docId="0389CB1C9A172940FF005950FC495EB1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5029.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5029 (1)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/4eb4df61-5da9-4021-a6d6-00142c31b5e5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Porogadus mendax Schwarzhans &amp; Møller 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="FFB0B3649A322968FF975A12FFDD5F38" masterDocTitle="Revision of the dragon-head cusk eels of the genus Porogadus (Teleostei: Ophidiidae), with description of eight new species and one new genus" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1699281781800" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BE27D9678E4AE98ADCA8BA9EC8CEB67C">Revision of the dragon-head cusk eels of the genus Porogadus (Teleostei: Ophidiidae), with description of eight new species and one new genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D915C90CF24711E649E370D996FCAFEC">Schwarzhans, Werner W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3D08EB2DF4F6C5A325FFC4CEF5D7135E">Møller, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0389CB1C9A172940FF005950FC495EB1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5495389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5495389" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0389CB1C9A172940FF005950FC495EB1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389CB1C9A172940FF005950FC495EB1" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A17294DFF005950FE165C65" blockId="37.[151,479,834,897]" box="[151,459,834,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<heading id="D0D7CD669A17294DFF005950FE165C65" bold="true" box="[151,459,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A17294DFF005950FE165C65" bold="true" box="[151,459,834,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A17294DFF005950FE5C5C65" authority="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller, 2021" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,385,834,861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A17294DFF005950FE5C5C65" bold="true" box="[151,385,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Porogadus mendax</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2671B639A17294DFE1F5951FE165C65" box="[392,459,835,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C33A29819A17294DFF005975FE025CB9" box="[151,479,870,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A17294DFF005975FE025CB9" blockId="37.[151,479,834,897]" box="[151,479,870,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<figureCitation id="131B668F9A17294DFF005975FEC05CB9" box="[151,285,870,897]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 15" captionStart-1="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="38.[151,250,1688,1712]" captionStartId-1="39.[151,250,1506,1530]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,381,1647]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1430,386,1477]" captionTargetId-0="figure-127@38.[151,1436,381,1665]" captionTargetId-1="figure-91@39.[151,1436,381,1483]" captionTargetPageId-0="38" captionTargetPageId-1="39" captionText-0="FIGURE 15. Porogadus mendax n. sp., BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m." captionText-1="FIGURE 16. Porogadus mendax n. sp.; 16AB, BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m, head drawing; 16CD, BMNH 1995.11.22.4, paratype, 287 mm SL 20°55N, 31°11W, 45004610 m, head drawing; 16EF, BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m, otolith (E inner face, F ventral view); 16GH, BMNH 1995.11.22.4, paratype, 287 mm SL, 20°55N, 31°11W, 45004610 m, otolith (G inner face, H ventral view)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454167" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454169" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5454167/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5454169/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs. 1516</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131B668F9A17294DFEBE5975FE955CB9" box="[297,328,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1887,1911]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1183,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-169@82.[151,1436,1178,1863]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 44. Geographic distribution of the species of the Porogadus miles group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454225/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">44</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131B668F9A17294DFEC45975FEAF5CB9" box="[339,370,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,194,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-26@88.[175,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 49. Depth versus distance from shelf plots for specimens of the Porogadus miles group (upper panel) and the Porogadus gracilis group (lower panel)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454235/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">49</figureCitation>
, Tab. 17
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33A29819A17294DFF0059BCFD965B0D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A17294DFF0059BCFD965B0D" blockId="37.[151,1437,942,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A17294DFF0059BCFEA75CF0" bold="true" box="[151,378,942,968]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<materialsCitation id="3B4870579A17294DFE1C59BDFD965B0D" collectingDate="1993-10-16" collectingDateMax="1995-10-07" collectingDateMin="1993-10-16" collectionCode="R" collectorName="S. Discovery Cruise &amp; N. Merrett &amp; N. Merrett." elevation="4446" latitude="20.916666" longLatPrecision="1266" longitude="-31.183332" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="BMNH 1996.2, BMNH 1995.11" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D26B1839A17294DFE1C59BDFDC05CF2" box="[395,541,943,970]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<typeStatus id="549BC4A89A17294DFDB859BDFD4A5CF1" box="[559,663,943,969]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A17294DFD0859BDFC905CF1" box="[671,845,943,969]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">BMNH 1996.2</specimenCode>
.14.31, 290+ mm SL,
<geoCoordinate id="EE141CCD9A17294DFBD559BDFB7E5CF1" box="[1090,1187,943,969]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="31.3">31°18N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE141CCD9A17294DFB3C59BDFACC5CF1" box="[1195,1297,943,969]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="-16.783333">16°47W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A17294DFA8959BCFF725CD5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.446" metricValueMax="4.457" metricValueMin="4.435" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="4446.0" valueMax="4457.0" valueMin="4435.0">
<elevation id="000D9D399A17294DFA8959BCFF725CD5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.446" metricValueMax="4.457" metricValueMin="4.435" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="4446.0" valueMax="4457.0" valueMin="4435.0">44354457 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A17294DFF2B59C1FF0E5CD5" box="[188,211,979,1005]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A17294DFF4059C1FF335CD5" box="[215,238,979,1005]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D51FDC9A17294DFF6559C1FE0F5CD5" box="[242,466,979,1005]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. Discovery Cruise</collectorName>
semi-balloon otter trawl,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A17294DFD6E59C1FC665CD5" box="[761,955,978,1005]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1995-10-07">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A17294DFD6E59C1FC665CD5" box="[761,955,978,1005]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1995-10-07">07 October 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="26D51FDC9A17294DFBCF59C1FB095CD5" box="[1112,1236,979,1005]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N. Merrett</collectorName>
;
<typeStatus id="549BC4A89A17294DFB7759C1FA9D5CD5" box="[1248,1344,979,1005]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="DB86D2719A17294DFADF59C1FF295B29" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">BMNH 1995.11</specimenCode>
.22.4,
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A17294DFEA059E5FE495B29" box="[311,404,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="287.0">287 mm</quantity>
SL,
<geoCoordinate id="EE141CCD9A17294DFE5E59E4FDF75B29" box="[457,554,1014,1041]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="20.916666">20°55N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE141CCD9A17294DFDA659E5FD4A5B29" box="[561,663,1015,1041]" degrees="31" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="-31.183332">31°11W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A17294DFD3559E4FCE25B29" box="[674,831,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.555" metricValueMax="4.61" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="4555.0" valueMax="4610.0" valueMin="4500.0">
<elevation id="000D9D399A17294DFD3559E4FCE25B29" box="[674,831,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.555" metricValueMax="4.61" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="4555.0" valueMax="4610.0" valueMin="4500.0">45004610 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A17294DFCDC59E5FCBF5B29" box="[843,866,1015,1041]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED31E2CF9A17294DFCF159E5FCA05B29" box="[870,893,1015,1041]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D51FDC9A17294DFC1759E5FB835B29" box="[896,1118,1015,1041]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. Discovery Cruise</collectorName>
semi-balloon otter trawl,
<date id="FF9E5CCA9A17294DFA1759E5FEEE5B0D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1993-10-16">
<collectingDate id="EFDAA5229A17294DFA1759E5FEEE5B0D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1993-10-16">16 October 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="26D51FDC9A17294DFE5A5E09FD965B0D" box="[461,587,1051,1077]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N. Merrett.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A17294DFF505E2CFD985A09" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A17294DFF505E2CFD985A09" blockId="37.[151,1437,942,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A17294DFF505E2CFE9F5B60" bold="true" box="[199,322,1086,1112]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Precaudal vertebrae 18; long gill rakers on first gill arch 1314; HL:HD 1.891.92; all head spines strong, present on ethmoidal, lacrimal, prefrontal, interorbital, supraorbital, sphenotic, 5th infraorbital, supratemporal, inner and outer posttemporal, inner and outer preopercular rims; opercular spine sharp, strong, extruding; additional (3rd) postorbital pore, many cavities and/or pores on top of head; maxilla without scales; large opercular flap with ridges; lower lateral line pores until beginning of anal fin 2223; vomer with broad dentition patch (57 rows of teeth); palatines with broad dentition patch (9 rows of teeth); otolith with single, uniform colliculum; OL: OH = 1.852.05; OL:TCL = 2.152.3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A17294FFF505F28FE2F5E5D" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A17294DFF505F28FB865ADD" blockId="37.[151,1437,942,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A17294DFF505F28FE845A6C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1338,1364]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description.</emphasis>
Meristics: precaudal vertebrae 18 (18), 1 (1) last vertebrae without ribs; pectoral-fin rays 18 (18); D/V = 5 (5); D/A = 24 (2425); V/A = 19 (19); long gill rakers on first gill arch 13 (1314). Gill rakers in
<typeStatus id="549BC4A89A17294DFAA35F4DFA415A41" box="[1332,1436,1375,1401]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
on lower first gill arch with nine plate-shaped rakers, followed by a series of 13 long rakers. The lower seven of those intercepted by single plate shaped rakers. Upper gill raker with a series of two plate shaped and three slightly longer rakers intercepted, followed by two slightly longer rakers and two short rakers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A17294DFF505FFDFC7E59A2" blockId="37.[151,1437,942,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Morphometrics: in % of SL: HL 15.5 (15.515.7); maximal HD 8.1 (8.18.3); HD through center of eye 5.1 (5.15.7); bony interorbital width 2.7 (2.7); snout length 4.7 (4.75.3); upper jaw length 8.6 (8.58.6); predorsal 17.8 (17.417.8); preanal 31.1 (30.631.1); prepelvic 12.5 (12.513.0); prepectoral 15.8 (15.816.3); pectoral length 10.2 (10.110.2). Relations: HL:HD = 1.92 (1.891.92); HL to snout length 3.29 (2.963.29); preanal to predorsal 1.75 (1.751.76); predorsal to prepectoral 1.13 (1.061.13).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A17294EFF505CB1FD445E5D" blockId="37.[151,1437,942,2013]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Slender fish with long tapering tail and long, pointed snout. Maximal size of fishes investigated 290+ mm SL. Head long and slender, with slightly concave dorsal profile, with strong spines as follows: ethmoidal (1), lacrimal (ridge with 1 spine or up to 4 individual spines), prefrontal (1), interorbital (3), supraorbital (12), sphenotic (23), 5th infraorbital (2), supratemporal (12), inner and outer posttemporal (34), inner preopercular rim (35), outer preopercular rim (13, variable in strength). Opercle with sharp, strong, extruding spine. Eye small located in strongly asymmetric orbit. Maxilla extending far beyond eye, strongly widened posteriorly and with distinct supramaxilla. Infra-/postorbital and mandibular-preopercular pores wide, postorbital with 3 pores, the 3rd uppermost one being small, head top with 3 pores on occiput along inner edges of temporal spines in front of nape and cavernous system extending between squamation of occiput and sphenotic and supraorbital spines and thin skin cover apparently easily affected by fish recovery and then giving impression of open pores (
<figureCitation id="131B668F9A14294EFC475A85FBE75F8A" box="[976,1082,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1506,1530]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,386,1477]" captionTargetId="figure-91@39.[151,1436,381,1483]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 16. Porogadus mendax n. sp.; 16AB, BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m, head drawing; 16CD, BMNH 1995.11.22.4, paratype, 287 mm SL 20°55N, 31°11W, 45004610 m, head drawing; 16EF, BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m, otolith (E inner face, F ventral view); 16GH, BMNH 1995.11.22.4, paratype, 287 mm SL, 20°55N, 31°11W, 45004610 m, otolith (G inner face, H ventral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454169/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 16D</figureCitation>
). Head squamation on opercle, cheeks, occiput, frontal, and in front of and above eyes, area behind eyes, snout and maxilla without scales. Opercle with two to three distinct large neuromasts behind preopercular edge; opercular flap very large, with radial ridges along lower margin. All three lateral line rows reasonably well visible. Upper lateral line row with 78 pores; lower lateral line row with 2223 pores until beginning of anal fin; central lateral line row long, lower and central lateral line rows fading behind beginning of anal fin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5F2A829A14294EFF005C8AFAAD5988" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454167" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454167" box="[151,1392,1688,1712]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454167/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[151,250,1688,1712]" targetBox="[151,1436,381,1647]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A14294EFF005C8AFAAD5988" blockId="38.[151,1392,1688,1712]" box="[151,1392,1688,1712]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A14294EFF005C8AFEFD5988" bold="true" box="[151,288,1688,1712]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A14294EFEB15C8AFE375988" authority="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller, 2021" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[294,490,1688,1712]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A14294EFEB15C8AFE375988" box="[294,490,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Porogadus mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B954A6189A14294EFE675C8AFDF45988" bold="true" box="[496,553,1688,1712]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2671B639A14294EFE675C8AFDF45988" box="[496,553,1688,1712]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A14294EFF505CCCFF2358B0" blockId="38.[151,1437,1758,2037]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dentition. All teeth tiny and cone-shaped or flattened. Vomer with a broad dentition patch with 57 rows of teeth; palatines with wide dentition patches with nine rows of teeth. Premaxilla tooth patches, narrow, not fused anteriorly; ca. eight teeth rows anteriorly and very narrow with 12 rows posteriorly. Dentary tooth patches not fused anteriorly; ca. 5 teeth rows anteriorly and 12 rows posteriorly. Median basibranchial tooth patch short, anteriorly widened.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A14294FFF505D80FF195E25" blockId="38.[151,1437,1758,2037]" lastBlockId="39.[151,1437,150,357]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
Otolith morphology (n = 2). Size up to
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A14294EFD1F5D80FD025895" box="[648,735,1938,1965]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
in length (
<typeStatus id="549BC4A89A14294EFCCD5D80FC1F5895" box="[858,962,1938,1965]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
); OL:OH = 1.852.05; OH:OT = 2.12.4. Thin, elongate otolith, anteriorly and posteriorly rounded, posteriorly slightly expanded. Dorsal rim with broadly rounded predorsal lobe, ventral rim shallow, regularly curved. All rims smooth. Inner face slightly convex, smooth, with short, centrally positioned sulcus; OL:TCL = 2.152.3. Sulcus with shallow, undivided, uniform, oval colliculum. Dorsal field with small, indistinct depression; ventral field with faint ventral furrow close to otolith rim in central portion, anteriorly and posteriorly turning upwards to near terminations of sulcus. Outer face smooth, relatively flat.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A15294FFF505B35FE2F5E5D" blockId="39.[151,1437,150,357]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Coloration. Live coloration not known. Color of preserved specimens medium brown; head slightly darker than body, opercle distinctly darker.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5F2A829A15294FFF005FF0FA9A595E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454169/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[151,250,1506,1530]" targetBox="[157,1430,386,1477]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A15294FFF005FF0FA9A595E" blockId="39.[151,1437,1506,1639]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFF005FF0FEC25AC2" bold="true" box="[151,287,1506,1530]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFEB25FF0FE355AC2" authority="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller, 2021" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[293,488,1506,1530]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFEB25FF0FE355AC2" box="[293,488,1506,1530]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Porogadus mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFE7A5FF1FDFB5AC3" bold="true" box="[493,550,1507,1531]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2671B639A15294FFE7A5FF1FDFB5AC3" box="[493,550,1507,1531]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFDA55FF0FDA65AC2" bold="true" box="[562,635,1506,1530]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">16AB</emphasis>
, BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m, head drawing;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFEDD5C14FE495926" bold="true" box="[330,404,1542,1566]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">16CD</emphasis>
, BMNH 1995.11.22.4, paratype, 287 mm SL 20°55N, 31°11W, 45004610 m, head drawing;
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFAC75C14FA4B5927" bold="true" box="[1360,1430,1542,1567]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">16EF</emphasis>
, BMNH 1996.2.14.31, holotype, 290+ mm SL, 31°18N, 16°47W, 44354457 m, otolith (E inner face, F ventral view);
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFADF5C38FA4B597B" bold="true" box="[1352,1430,1578,1603]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">16GH</emphasis>
, BMNH 1995.11.22.4, paratype, 287 mm SL, 20°55N, 31°11W, 45004610 m, otolith (G inner face, H ventral view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A152940FF505C86FF035FED" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A152940FF505C86FF035FED" blockId="39.[151,1437,1684,2036]" lastBlockId="40.[151,1436,150,393]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFF505C86FE915996" bold="true" box="[199,332,1684,1710]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFEC15C87FDED5997" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[342,560,1685,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFEC15C87FDED5997" box="[342,560,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Porogadus mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFD5C5C84FCF95997" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[715,804,1685,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFD5C5C84FCF95997" box="[715,804,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the co-occurring
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFBB45C84FB3D5997" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[1059,1248,1685,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFBB45C84FB3D5997" box="[1059,1248,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFA8C5C84FA485997" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[1307,1429,1685,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="turgidus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFA8C5C84FA485997" box="[1307,1429,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. turgidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The external differences to
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFE5F5CA8FDC359EB" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[456,542,1721,1747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFE5F5CA8FDC359EB" box="[456,542,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are subtle and depending on good preservation (see also to
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFB215CA8FAD159EB" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[1206,1292,1721,1747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFB215CA8FAD159EB" box="[1206,1292,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFAB55CABFF3359CF" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFAB55CABFF3359CF" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Porogadus mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no scales on the maxilla (vs scales on the rear part of the maxilla), has 3 postorbital pores (vs 2), and an extensive cavernous system on the top of the head that
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFCAB5D10FC485823" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[828,917,1793,1819]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFCAB5D10FC485823" box="[828,917,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not show. The most reliable and secure character for distinction is the otolith, when preserved, which in
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFCF65D34FC0E5807" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[865,979,1829,1855]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFCF65D34FC0E5807" box="[865,979,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows an undivided, relatively short colliculum (OL:TCL = 2.152.3), while
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFDD75D58FD4A585B" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[576,663,1865,1891]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFDD75D58FD4A585B" box="[576,663,1865,1891]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
always shows clearly distinguished ostial and caudal colliculi and a relatively long sulcus (OL:TCL = 1.71.9).
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFD165D7FFC8458BF" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[641,857,1901,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFD165D7FFC8458BF" box="[641,857,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Porogadus mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFC7A5D7CFB7558BF" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[1005,1192,1901,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFC7A5D7CFB7558BF" box="[1005,1192,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFB495D7CFA8B58BF" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[1246,1366,1901,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="turgidus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFB495D7CFA8B58BF" box="[1246,1366,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. turgidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the higher number of lower lateral line pores until the beginning of the anal fin (2223 vs 1620), the absence of scales on the maxilla, and the otolith, which in
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFDCD5DA4FCC958F7" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[602,788,1973,1999]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFDCD5DA4FCC958F7" box="[602,788,1973,1999]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considerably more compressed (OL:OH =
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A15294FFA875DA7FA4158F7" box="[1296,1436,1973,2000]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" metricValueMax="5.207" metricValueMin="4.699" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="in" value="1.95" valueMax="2.05" valueMin="1.85">1.852.05 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFF005DC8FED458CB" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,265,2009,2035]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFF005DC8FED458CB" box="[151,265,2009,2035]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A15294FFEB85DCBFE7058CB" box="[303,429,2009,2036]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2384999999999997" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="2.667" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="in" value="1.275" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.05">1.051.5 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFE245DC8FDB058CB" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[435,621,2009,2035]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFE245DC8FDB058CB" box="[435,621,2009,2035]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and in
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A15294FFD5F5DC8FCE258CB" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[712,831,2009,2035]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="turgidus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A15294FFD5F5DC8FCE258CB" box="[712,831,2009,2035]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. turgidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a clear separation of ostial and caudal colliculi. From
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A1A2940FF4A5A85FE445F89" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[221,409,151,177]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A1A2940FF4A5A85FE445F89" box="[221,409,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it differs further in the broad vomer with 57 rows of teeth (vs narrow with 13, rarely 4 rows).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A1A2940FF505ACCFD365E79" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A1A2940FF505ACCFD365E79" blockId="40.[151,1436,150,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A1A2940FF505ACCFEBC5FC0" bold="true" box="[199,353,222,248]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A1A2940FEFE5ACDFD9F5FC1" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[361,578,223,249]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A1A2940FEFE5ACDFD9F5FC1" box="[361,578,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Porogadus mendax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of three deepwater species of the genus occurring in the
<collectingCountry id="F3373A9A9A1A2940FA8D5ACDFA415FC1" box="[1306,1436,223,249]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
and adjacent Canary Basins of the northeastern Atlantic (the other two being
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A1A2940FB925B11FB1C5E25" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[1029,1217,259,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A1A2940FB925B11FB1C5E25" box="[1029,1217,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A1A2940FB6D5B11FAAF5E25" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Møller" authorityYear="2021" box="[1274,1394,259,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="turgidus">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A1A2940FB6D5B11FAAF5E25" box="[1274,1394,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. turgidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It has been caught at depths between 4435 and
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A1A2940FD185B35FD3A5E79" box="[655,743,295,321]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.61" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="4610.0">4610 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A29819A1A2940FF505B59FC495EB1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9F7A0A9A1A2940FF505B59FC495EB1" blockId="40.[151,1436,150,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A1A2940FF505B59FE935E5D" bold="true" box="[199,334,331,357]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</emphasis>
From
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A1A2940FE375B59FD8C5E5E" authority="(Latin)" baseAuthorityName="Latin" box="[416,593,331,358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">mendax (Latin)</taxonomicName>
= liar, narrator, referring to its close similarity to the common
<taxonomicName id="4C2001899A1A2940FAAC5B59FA485E5D" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1885" box="[1339,1429,331,357]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Porogadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="B954A6189A1A2940FAAC5B59FA485E5D" box="[1339,1429,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. miles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which, however, does not seem to occur at depth exceeding
<quantity id="4CD8D7EF9A1A2940FCA05B7DFC525EB1" box="[823,911,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>