231 lines
25 KiB
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231 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="0B0A7233D3F8062736F1939291698855" ID-DOI="10.1206/3966.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5370544" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630269015032" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Pavan, Ana Carolina, Cadenillas, Richard, Centty, Oscar, Pacheco, Víctor & Velazco, Paúl M." docDate="2021" docId="03893E3CA466FFBBFE74C3F3529FF912" docLanguage="en" docName="N3966.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2021 (3966)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2020/issue-3966/3966.1/On-the-Taxonomic-Identity-of-Pteronotus-davyi-incae-Smith-1972/10.1206/3966.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Pteronotus davyi subsp. davyi davyi Gray 1838" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FFB04644A469FFB4FFB8C1005103FF8D" masterDocTitle="On the taxonomic identity of Pteronotus davyi incae Smith, 1972 (Chiroptera: Mormoopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1699205787604" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="AB566803A1032C8D803C8B88C565FE2E">On the taxonomic identity of Pteronotus davyi incae Smith, 1972 (Chiroptera: Mormoopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="76CCCB8052A0AD32B6651F32AACBA96F">Pavan, Ana Carolina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="34A7B0E93C09F829B5BA9263CA97045B">Cadenillas, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0C403BA317A57122CBF5A8C9BA47AC1E">Centty, Oscar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="72DA332D082F6B43FD3668B2613485BE">Pacheco, Víctor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CCD3C4D7FD888F283EDD05E69FFC4237">Velazco, Paúl M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="33E40671467969E627659D76F4EB9B9F">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="300BC5C69E30F3AB70E85DC9C55AF97F">
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<mods:date id="1667AB204F76D0E62A0C556E7520EE69">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E25AB9FECF82A50B933E428D9D67CB4C">2021-03-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="90E74C98AAA2A38312D370B20C67CEAF">2021</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C34FD2648EA367A3BEA6DC44B459B8F0">3966</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="35316D09ACC8B01FCCCE47EEB407C7EF">https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2020/issue-3966/3966.1/On-the-Taxonomic-Identity-of-Pteronotus-davyi-incae-Smith-1972/10.1206/3966.1.full</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="59AD16E9932E23BE1B46652329127E99">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="93251AD33802E9E4662BF5BECD3EFEF0" type="DOI">10.1206/3966.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03893E3CA466FFBBFE74C3F3529FF912" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5462097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5462097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03893E3CA466FFBBFE74C3F3529FF912" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03893E3CA466FFBBFE74C3F3529FF912" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="C33ADCA1A466FFBBFE74C3F3525FFC81" box="[460,860,754,780]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9F8F2AA466FFBBFE74C3F3525FFC81" blockId="15.[460,860,754,780]" box="[460,860,754,780]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="D0D73846A466FFBBFE74C3F3525FFC81" box="[460,860,754,780]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFE74C3F3525FFC81" ID-CoL="7KQ8C" authority="davyi Gray, 1838" authorityName="davyi Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[460,860,754,780]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="davyi" subSpecies="davyi">
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFE74C3F353D5FC81" box="[460,726,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pteronotus davyi davyi</emphasis>
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Gray, 1838
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33ADCA1A466FFBBFF24C22A52B1FC03" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9F8F2AA466FFBBFF24C22A52B1FC03" blockId="15.[108,1212,810,1695]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<materialsCitation id="3B488577A466FFBBFF24C22A52B1FC03" collectionCode="BM" collectorName="The" country="Trinidad and Tobago" location="Trinidad" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="BM 9.1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="549B3188A466FFBBFF24C22A501FFCC9" box="[156,284,810,836]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DB862751A466FFBBFE92C22A507CFCC9" box="[298,383,810,836]" collectionCode="BM" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BM 9.1</specimenCode>
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.4.74 is a specimen of unknown age and sex, preserved in alcohol with the skull removed and clean.
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<collectorName id="26D5EAFCA466FFBBFE06C24F50E9FCE4" box="[446,490,847,873]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">The</collectorName>
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collector and date of capture are unknown (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFC50C24F51AAFC02" author="Carter, D. C. & P. G. Dolan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref8084" refString="Carter, D. C., and P. G. Dolan. 1978. Catalog of type specimens of Neotropical bats in selected European museums. Special Publications, Museum Texas Tech University 15: 1 - 136." type="journal article" year="1978">Carter and Dolan, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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). The type locality is the island of
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFD86C27453A4FC03" box="[574,679,884,910]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFD0BC27452ADFC03" box="[691,942,884,910]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33ADCA1A466FFBBFF24C29A529FF912" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9F8F2AA466FFBBFF24C29A504FFB34" blockId="15.[108,1212,810,1695]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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DISTRIBUTION: Known from
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFDBCC29A537DFC39" box="[516,638,922,948]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFD79C29A5246FC39" box="[705,837,922,948]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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in Central America; northern
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFFD4C2BF51E3FC54" box="[108,224,959,985]" name="Colombia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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and northern
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFE28C2BF5304FC54" box="[400,519,959,985]" name="Venezuela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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in South America; and the islands of Guadeloupe,
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFBD5C2BF51A3FC73" name="Dominica" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dominica</collectingCountry>
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, Martinique, Saint Lucia,
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFE6DC2E4533FFC73" box="[469,572,996,1022]" name="Grenada" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Grenada</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFDF2C2E453B0FC73" box="[586,691,996,1022]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFD4DC2E5525BFC72" box="[757,856,997,1023]" name="Curaçao" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
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in the Lesser Antilles (fig. 1).
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFFD6C50B51E0FBA9" box="[110,227,1034,1060]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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P. d.
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFF1CC50A51E0FBA9" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[164,227,1034,1060]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davyi">davyi</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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has also been reported based on a single individual (unvouchered to our knowledge) and acoustic data from three islands of Coiba National Park (Coiba, Jicarón, and Ranchería Islands), on the Pacific coast of
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFE64C55453C4FBE2" box="[476,711,1108,1135]" name="Panama" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Republic of Panama</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFD6EC55452AEFBE2" author="Ibanez, C. & J. L. Perez-Jorda & J. Juste & A. Guillen" box="[726,941,1108,1135]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="471 - 484" refId="ref8396" refString="Ibanez, C., J. L. Perez-Jorda, J. Juste B., and A. Guillen. 1997. Los mamiferos terrestres del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Panama). In S. Castroviejo and M. Velayos (editors), Flora y Fauna del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Panama): inventario preliminar: 471 - 484. Madrid: Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion Internacional." type="book chapter" year="1997">Ibáñez et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFC00C55451AAFB19" author="Estrada-Villegas, S." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="161 - 176" refId="ref8159" refString="Estrada-Villegas, S., et al. 2018. Bats and their bat flies: community composition and host specificity on a Pacific island archipelago. Acta Chiropterologica 20: 161 - 176." type="journal article" year="2018">Estrada-Villegas et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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), but it is absent in the continental area of
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<collectingCountry id="F337CFBAA466FFBBFD20C57A53FBFB19" box="[664,760,1146,1172]" name="Panama" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, which suggests a disjunct distribution for this subspecies.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F8F2AA466FFBBFF24C5C5529FF912" blockId="15.[108,1212,810,1695]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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NATURAL HISTORY:
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFE36C5C55305FB53" box="[398,518,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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P. d.
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFE7EC5C45305FB53" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[454,518,1220,1246]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davyi">davyi</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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occurs in tropical forests, woodlands, and swamps mostly at low elevations (below
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<quantity id="4CD822CFA466FFBBFE22C5EA50EAFA89" box="[410,489,1258,1284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
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), showing an intimate association with dry forest and xeric shrubland habitats (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFEE1C40F50F4FAA4" author="Adams, J. K." box="[345,503,1295,1321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref7907" refString="Adams, J. K. 1989. Pteronotus davyi. Mammalian Species 346: 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1989">Adams, 1989</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFDBBC4105396FAA4" author="Pavan, A. C." box="[515,661,1295,1322]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref8902" refString="Pavan, A. C. 2019. Family Mormoopidae (ghost-faced bats, naked-backed bats and mustached bats). In D. E. Wilson and R. A. Mittermeier (editors.), Handbook of the mammals of the world. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions." type="book" year="2019">Pavan, 2019</bibRefCitation>
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). It usually forages over water and near vegetation and prefers roosting in large and warm caves, which is frequently shared with other mormoopids, phyllostomids, and natalids (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFD35C45A522FFAF9" author="Pavan, A. C." box="[653,812,1370,1396]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref8902" refString="Pavan, A. C. 2019. Family Mormoopidae (ghost-faced bats, naked-backed bats and mustached bats). In D. E. Wilson and R. A. Mittermeier (editors.), Handbook of the mammals of the world. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions." type="book" year="2019">Pavan, 2019</bibRefCitation>
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). Several bat species have been reported in coexistence with populations of
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFD20C4805219FA14" box="[664,794,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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P. d.
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFD61C47F5219FA14" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[729,794,1407,1433]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davyi">davyi</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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along its geographic range, most notably
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFF68C4A550A2FA32" baseAuthorityName="J.A.Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[208,417,1445,1471]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFF68C4A550A2FA32" box="[208,417,1445,1471]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pteronotus fuscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFE0BC4A5537AFA33" authorityName="Linares & Ojasti" authorityYear="1974" box="[435,633,1445,1470]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paraguanensis">
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFE0BC4A5537AFA33" box="[435,633,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. paraguanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFD33C4A552AEFA33" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[651,941,1444,1470]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Mormoops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalophylla">
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFD33C4A552AEFA33" box="[651,941,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mormoops megalophylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFC07C4A455B6FA33" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[959,1205,1444,1470]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFC07C4A455B6FA33" box="[959,1205,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Artibeus jamaicensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFFD4C4CA5023FA69" authorityName="de la Torre" authorityYear="1966" box="[108,288,1482,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angeli">
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<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFFD4C4CA5023FA69" box="[108,288,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sturnira angeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFE8AC4CA5364FA69" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1834" box="[306,615,1482,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Brachyphylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cavernarum">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFE8AC4CA5364FA69" box="[306,615,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Brachyphylla cavernarum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFDC1C4CA5291FA69" authorityName="G.S.Miller" authorityYear="1900" box="[633,914,1482,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Monophyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plethodon">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFDC1C4CA5291FA69" box="[633,914,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Monophyllus plethodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFC1DC4CB55B6FA69" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1900" box="[933,1205,1483,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Leptonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curasoae">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFC1DC4CB55B6FA69" box="[933,1205,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Leptonycteris curasoae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFFD4C4EF508BF984" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1898" box="[108,392,1519,1545]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Glossophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longirostris">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFFD4C4EF508BF984" box="[108,392,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Glossophaga longirostris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFE20C4EF539EF984" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[408,669,1519,1545]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Phyllostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hastatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFE20C4EF539EF984" box="[408,669,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phyllostomus hastatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFD14C4F05272F984" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[684,881,1519,1546]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Anoura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFD14C4F05272F984" box="[684,881,1519,1546]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Anoura geoffroyi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFC38C4EF5575F984" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[896,1142,1519,1545]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFC38C4EF5575F984" box="[896,1142,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Carollia perspicillata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFB3DC4F05012F9A3" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Noctilionidae" genus="Noctilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leporinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFB3DC4F05012F9A3" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Noctilio leporinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFE9BC7145303F9A3" authority="molossus" box="[291,512,1556,1582]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molossus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFE9BC7145303F9A3" box="[291,512,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Molossus molossus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFDAAC71453F4F9A3" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[530,759,1556,1582]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" genus="Natalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stramineus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFDAAC71453F4F9A3" box="[530,759,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Natalus stramineus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFCF9C71552FCF9A3" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1900" box="[833,1023,1556,1582]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" genus="Natalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumidirostris">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFCF9C71552FCF9A3" box="[833,1023,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">N. tumidirostris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFBAAC7145028F9D9" author="Goodwin, G. G. & A. M. Greenhall" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="187 - 302" refId="ref8287" refString="Goodwin, G. G., and A. M. Greenhall. 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 122: 187 - 302." type="journal article" year="1961">Goodwin and Greenhall, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFE8EC73A533AF9D9" author="Genoways, H. H." box="[310,569,1594,1620]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref8243" refString="Genoways, H. H., et al. 2001. Bats of the West Indian island of Dominica: natural history, areography, and trophic structure. Special Publications, Museum of Texas Tech University 43: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="2001">Genoways et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFDFDC73A5235F9D9" author="Molinari, J." box="[581,822,1594,1620]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref8683" refString="Molinari, J., et al. 2012. Singularidad biologica e importancia socioeconomica de los murcielagos cavernicolas de la peninsula de Paraguana, Venezuela, con propuestas para su conservacion. Revista de Ecologia Latinoamericana 17: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="2012">Molinari et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFCF9C73A5528F9D9" author="Lenoble" box="[833,1067,1594,1620]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="78 - 81" refId="ref8511" refString="Lenoble A., et al. 2014. Predation of lesser naked-backed bats (Pteronotus davyi) by a pair of American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on the island of Marie-Galante, French West Indies. Journal of Raptor Research 48: 78 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">Lenoble et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<emphasis id="B9545338A466FFBBFB86C73B51C8F9F4" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFB86C73B55BFF9D9" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[1086,1212,1595,1620]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteronotus</taxonomicName>
|
|
d.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C20F4A9A466FFBBFF33C75F51C8F9F4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[139,203,1631,1657]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" genus="Pteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davyi">davyi</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
is sensitive to ambient temperatures lower than 15° C and usually maintain a high body temperature in warm environments (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1F2DBA466FFBBFDC9C7855293F912" author="Bonaccorso, F. J." box="[625,912,1668,1695]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="365 - 378" refId="ref8001" refString="Bonaccorso, F. J., et al. 1992. Thermal ecology of moustached and ghost-faced bats (Mormoopidae) in Venezuela. Journal of Mammalogy 73: 365 - 378." type="journal article" year="1992">Bonaccorso et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |