492 lines
81 KiB
XML
492 lines
81 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="06FD439B3B78855CA52B58794D04253B">Taxonomy, ecology and zoogeography of the Recent species of Rhamphostomella Lorenz, 1886 and Mixtoscutella n. gen. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CE4267FEED74741C6570EB7A128D0743">Grischenko, Andrei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A0A8C4A45687717BA554FD898ED1BC1">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="65D6EB7EEFB74DB10BF66B96B4411DFD" type="email">dennis.gordon@niwa.co.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FC6C0E6F773A8DDC44F62964BFCFACEC">Taylor, Paul D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="692FB56D4474D4EA90002D2E03B49A17" type="email">p.taylor@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C7A1BCAFA431CF9AB884B9B70927AE12">Kuklinski, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E17C5E8D0BAAA04219A1286C2AE97F10">Denisenko, Nina V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0BEA60658A9073C7B8BDFA05474F628F" type="email">ndenisenko@zin.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A84BA53DE2E0F15887770D0B8305FE8E">Spencer-Jones, Mary E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F0540D0B9165DCEC2C76335F21805609">Ostrovsky, Andrew N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6DD8FF87FAB88BCA8E2ED510EDB020F9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2BB32D13FA0169C5BEC92528D6C817FC">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:url id="FBF100C8E88B0FC5D5B58A6AAD25C593">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5131.1.1</mods:url>
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<treatment id="038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7628999" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209285952" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7628999" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B7A3370FF73A84C1B5AF8D7" box="[151,557,1837,1864]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B7A3370FF73A84C1B5AF8D7" blockId="77.[151,557,1837,1899]" box="[151,557,1837,1864]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D0D7250E0B7A3370FF73A84C1B5AF8D7" bold="true" box="[151,557,1837,1864]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B7A3370FF73A84C1B5AF8D7" bold="true" box="[151,557,1837,1864]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B7A3370FF73A84C1894F8D8" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,483,1837,1864]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="echinata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B7A3370FF73A84C1894F8D8" bold="true" box="[151,483,1837,1864]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Rhamphostomella echinata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B7A3370FE0EA84C1B5AF8D7" box="[490,557,1837,1863]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B7A3370FF73A830198EF8FB" box="[151,249,1873,1899]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B7A3370FF73A830198EF8FB" blockId="77.[151,557,1837,1899]" box="[151,249,1873,1899]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B7A3370FF44A8301986F8FB" box="[160,241,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B7A3370FF73A8F71A7CF83E" box="[151,779,1942,1966]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B7A3370FF73A8F71A7CF83E" blockId="77.[151,779,1942,1966]" box="[151,779,1942,1966]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30B54C0B7A3370FF73A8F71A7CF83E" box="[151,779,1942,1966]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B7A3370FF73A8F71802F83D" box="[151,373,1942,1966]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B7A3370FF73A8F71839F83E" box="[151,334,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Rhamphostomella</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81B4730B7A3370FE9BA8F71B0CF83E" author="Grischenko, A. V." box="[383,635,1942,1966]" page="176" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B7A3370FE9BA8F71B58F83E" author="Grischenko, A. V." box="[383,559,1942,1966]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="153 - 192" refId="ref89452" refString="Grischenko, A. V. (1997) Bryozoans (Ctenostomida, Cheilostomida) of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. In: Rzhavsky, A. V. (Ed.), Benthic Flora and Fauna of the Shelf Zone of the Commander Islands. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 153 - 192. [in Russian with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Grischenko 1997</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 176
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 2002, p. 115.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B7A3373FF73A8BD1DC1FE41" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B7A3373FF73A8BD1DC1FE41" blockId="77.[151,1436,2012,2039]" lastBlockId="78.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B7A3370FF73A8BD1865F866" bold="true" box="[151,274,2012,2038]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Colony encrusting, multiserial. Zooids small, hexagonal. Frontal shield moderately convex, uniformly tessellated, with a few marginal areolae. No interareolar ridges. Umbonuloid component small. Suboral mucro absent. Primary orifice irregularly oval to quadrangular; proximal margin bisinuate, with median bifurcated to multiply branched lyrula and small, lateral, triangular processes. Condyles absent. Secondary orifice irregularly oval, cormidial, just slightly above primary orifice. 2‒3 pairs of very long tubular, articulated oral spines with massive bases on lateral margins of secondary orifice, conferring spinose appearance to colony. Suboral avicularian cystid very small, with finely dimpled surface. Rostrum short, oval, slightly elevated. Mandible spatulate, with rounded distal end. Crossbar incomplete. No adventitious avicularia. Ovicell hyperstomial. Ectooecium with small scattered pseudopores, no secondary calcification. 2–3 pore chambers in distolateral wall, and 1–2 multiporous septula in transverse walls. Basal surface of zooids fully calcified, with tubular protuberances.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B793373FF73AE9F1AC3FC12" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF73AE9F18E6FD5D" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FF73AE9F18F7FD88" bold="true" box="[151,384,510,536]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FE62AE9E1AF3FDF1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405409" collectingDate="1973-09-18" collectionCode="ZIRAS" collectorName="S. D. Vavilin." county="Bering Sea" elevation="60" latitude="55.036667" location="Collection" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCode="ZIRAS 1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FE62AE9E189AFD89" box="[390,493,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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||
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B793373FE62AE9E189AFD89" box="[390,493,511,537]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
:
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||
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B793373FE1FAE9E1B2CFD89" box="[507,603,510,537]" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ZIRAS 1</specimenCode>
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||
/50126, one colony fragment, IMB
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<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FC0FAE9E1D14FD89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FC0FAE9E1D14FD89" box="[1003,1123,511,537]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="55.036667" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Collection" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Collection</location>
|
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,
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||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FB89AE9E1DE5FD89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FB89AE9E1DE5FD89" box="[1133,1170,511,537]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="55.036667" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Stn" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Stn</location>
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158/393,
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<date id="FF9EB4A20B793373FAE6AE9E19A5FDAD" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1973-09-18">
|
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<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B793373FAE6AE9E19A5FDAD" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1973-09-18">18 September 1973</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FF39AD4218DBFDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FF39AD4218DBFDAD" box="[221,428,547,573]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="55.036667" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Kitolovnaya Bank" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Kitolovnaya Bank</location>
|
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,
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||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FE52AD421B24FDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FE52AD421B24FDAD" box="[438,595,547,573]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="55.036667" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Medny Island" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Medny Island</location>
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, coastal waters of
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<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FCC4AD421ACAFDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FCC4AD421ACAFDAD" box="[800,957,547,573]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="55.036667" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Medny Island" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Medny Island</location>
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,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B793373FC23AD421DDDFDAD" box="[967,1194,547,573]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Commander Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B793373FB51AD421C44FDAD" box="[1205,1331,547,573]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Bering Sea</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FADAAD4519D9FDF1" degrees="55" direction="north" minutes="02.2" orientation="latitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="55.036667">55°02.2ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FF59AD291831FDF1" box="[189,326,583,611]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="10.9" orientation="longitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="167.18167">167°10.9ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B793373FE79AD2618ABFDF1" box="[413,476,583,609]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="60.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000D75510B793373FE79AD2618ABFDF1" box="[413,476,583,609]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, rock dredge, collector
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B793373FD14AD261AF3FDF1" box="[752,900,583,609]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S.D. Vavilin.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FC69AD2618EBFD15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405484" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCode="NHMUK 2013.10" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FC69AD261A83FDF0" box="[909,1012,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B793373FC69AD261A83FDF0" box="[909,1012,583,608]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B793373FBE2AD261DADFDF1" box="[1030,1242,583,609]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="Museum">NHMUK 2013.10</specimenCode>
|
||
.21.3, one colony encrusting oyster shell
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FE4EAD0A1C5BFD39" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405350" collectingDate="2011-07-03" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Norseman & Stn LT" county="Bering Sea" elevation="10" latitude="51.443333" location="Longshot" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B793373FE4EAD0A18B9FD15" box="[426,462,619,645]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">RV</collectionCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FE3CAD0A1B3CFD14" box="[472,587,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B793373FE3CAD0A1B3CFD14" box="[472,587,619,644]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Norseman</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B793373FDB8AD0A1BD9FD15" box="[604,686,619,645]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Stn LT</collectorName>
|
||
–2,
|
||
<date id="FF9EB4A20B793373FD3CAD0A1A15FD15" box="[728,866,619,645]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-07-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B793373FD3CAD0A1A15FD15" box="[728,866,619,645]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-07-03">3 July 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FC94AD0A1AAAFD15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FC94AD0A1AAAFD15" box="[880,989,619,645]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Longshot" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Longshot</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FC0FAD0A1DBBFD15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FC0FAD0A1DBBFD15" box="[1003,1228,619,645]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="East of Square Bay" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">East of Square Bay</location>
|
||
, coastal waters of
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FF73ADEE1824FD39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FF73ADEE1824FD39" box="[151,339,655,681]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Amchitka Island" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Amchitka Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FEBBADEE18A9FD39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FEBBADEE18A9FD39" box="[351,478,655,681]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.443333" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.20334" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Rat Islands" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Rat Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B793373FE0DADEE1B88FD39" box="[489,767,655,681]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">western Aleutian Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B793373FCEEADEE1AFFFD39" box="[778,904,655,681]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Bering Sea</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FC77ADF11D78FD39" box="[915,1039,655,683]" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="26.6" orientation="latitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="51.443333">51°26.6ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FBFEADF11DD6FD39" box="[1050,1185,655,683]" degrees="179" direction="east" minutes="12.2" orientation="longitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="179.20334">179°12.2ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B793373FB15ADEE1C5BFD39" box="[1265,1324,655,681]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000D75510B793373FB15ADEE1C5BFD39" box="[1265,1324,655,681]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FADCADEE18E6FD5D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405318" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="P. Kuklinski." pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B793373FADCADEE1CEFFD39" box="[1336,1432,655,681]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, collector
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B793373FEE4ADD218E6FD5D" box="[256,401,691,717]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. Kuklinski.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23ADB61BD0FCA9" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FF23ADB61B2FFD61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405356" box="[199,600,727,753]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCode="NHMUK 2013.10" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B793373FF23ADB618EEFD61" box="[199,409,727,753]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="Museum">NHMUK 2013.10</specimenCode>
|
||
.21.4, one colony
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FD80ADB61840FCA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405370" collectingDate="2011-07-04" collectionCode="RV" collectorName="Norseman & Stn LT" county="Bering Sea" elevation="13" latitude="51.455" location="Longshot" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.19" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B793373FD80ADB61BFFFD61" box="[612,648,727,753]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">RV</collectionCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FD74ADB61A74FD60" box="[656,771,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B793373FD74ADB61A74FD60" box="[656,771,727,752]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Norseman</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B793373FCF6ADB61A12FD61" box="[786,869,727,753]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Stn LT</collectorName>
|
||
–1,
|
||
<date id="FF9EB4A20B793373FC6EADB61D66FD61" box="[906,1041,727,753]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-07-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B793373FC6EADB61D66FD61" box="[906,1041,727,753]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2011-07-04">4 July 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FBF8ADB61DFEFD61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FBF8ADB61DFEFD61" box="[1052,1161,727,753]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.455" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.19" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Longshot" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Longshot</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FB71ADB619A2FC85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FB71ADB619A2FC85" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.455" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.19" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="South of Crown Reefer Point" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">South of Crown Reefer Point</location>
|
||
, coastal waters of
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FE40AD9A1B16FC85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FE40AD9A1B16FC85" box="[420,609,763,789]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.455" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.19" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Amchitka Island" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Amchitka Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FD8AAD9A1B99FC85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FD8AAD9A1B99FC85" box="[622,750,763,789]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="51.455" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="179.19" municipality="western Aleutian Islands" name="Rat Islands" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Rat Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B793373FD1EAD9A1D66FC85" box="[762,1041,763,789]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">western Aleutian Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B793373FBF9AD9A1DEBFC85" box="[1053,1180,763,789]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Bering Sea</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FB4CAD9D1C52FC85" box="[1192,1317,763,791]" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="27.3" orientation="latitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="51.455">51°27.3ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FAD5AD9D19DDFCA9" degrees="179" direction="east" minutes="11.4" orientation="longitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="179.19">179°11.4ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B793373FF18AC7E1840FCA9" box="[252,311,799,825]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="13.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000D75510B793373FF18AC7E1840FCA9" box="[252,311,799,825]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FEA6AC7E1BD0FCA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405383" box="[322,679,799,825]" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="P. Kuklinski." pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B793373FEA6AC7E18D5FCA9" box="[322,418,799,825]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, collector
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B793373FDF3AC7E1BD0FCA9" box="[535,679,799,825]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. Kuklinski.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23AC231AC3FC12" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FF23AC2318CFFCCC" bold="true" box="[199,440,834,860]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2659EB0B793373FE59AC221B21FCCD" box="[445,598,835,861]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
. IMB Collection (1973) Stns 108/284, 150/385, 151/386, 160/395, 173/408;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B793373FF73AC061984FC11" box="[151,243,871,897]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">KIENM</collectionCode>
|
||
Collection (1992) Stns 5, 39, 140 (see Appendix 1 for details).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B793373FF23ACEA1992FC59" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23ACEA1992FC59" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FF23ACEA1839FC35" bold="true" box="[199,334,907,933]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B793373FDCAACEA1BF9FC35" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[558,654,907,933]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FDCAACEA1BF9FC35" box="[558,654,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
alludes to the spinose appearance of the colony, with numerous oral spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B793373FF23ACB218A6FB81" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23ACB218A6FB81" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B793373FF23ACB218A6FB81" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405358" county="Bering Sea" elevation="60" latitude="55.036667" location="Kitolovnaya Bank" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="60" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FF23ACB21810FC7C" bold="true" box="[199,359,978,1005]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B793373FF23ACB21875FC7D" box="[199,258,979,1005]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FE8BACB21B37FC7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FE8BACB21B37FC7D" box="[367,576,979,1005]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="55.036667" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Kitolovnaya Bank" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Kitolovnaya Bank</location>
|
||
, coastal waters of
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B793373FCF0ACB21AC4FC7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B7A336DFF73A84C1DE7FAC5:8EFFC4B90B793373FCF0ACB21AC4FC7D" box="[788,947,979,1005]" county="Bering Sea" latitude="55.036667" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.18167" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Medny Island" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Medny Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B793373FC24ACB21DD2FC7D" box="[960,1189,979,1005]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Commander Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B793373FB55ACB21C46FC7D" box="[1201,1329,979,1005]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Bering Sea</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FADAACB519D9FB81" degrees="55" direction="north" minutes="02.2" orientation="latitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="55.036667">55°02.2ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B793373FF5DAC991837FB81" box="[185,320,1015,1043]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="10.9" orientation="longitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="92" value="167.18167">167°10.9ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2659EB0B793373FE75AC9618A6FB81" box="[401,465,1015,1041]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B793373FE75AC9618BAFB81" box="[401,461,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="60.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000D75510B793373FE75AC9618BAFB81" box="[401,461,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B79336DFF23AB7A1BCFFC85" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23AB7A1C03FB31" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FF23AB7A1809FBA5" bold="true" box="[199,382,1051,1077]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
ZIRAS 1/50126, Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FB87AB7A1D9CFBA5" box="[1123,1259,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24A–L</figureCitation>
|
||
). ZL, 0.52–0.78 (0.64 ± 0.06). ZW, 0.32–0.45 (0.39 ± 0.04). ZD, 0.28–0.35 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FCDBAB5E1A3AFBC8" box="[831,845,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2). OrL, 0.18–0.25 (0.23 ± 0.02). OrW, 0.20–0.25 (0.22 ± 0.02). OeL, 0.27–0.33 (0.30 ± 0.02) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FD7BAB021BDAFBEC" box="[671,685,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 20). OeW, 0.27–0.33 (0.31 ± 0.02) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FB88AB021D0DFBEC" box="[1132,1146,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 20). Av(s)L, 0.06–0.11 (0.08 ± 0.01) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FEDEABE6183FFB30" box="[314,328,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 20). Sp(or)L, 0.39–1.05 (0.77 ± 0.14). P(m)N, 5–10 (7) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FC04ABE61A99FB30" box="[992,1006,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 12). P(oe)N, 18–22 (20) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FACEABE61C4FFB30" box="[1322,1336,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23ABCA1B93FAA1" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
NHMUK 2013.10.21.3, Amchitka Island, Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea. ZL, 0.49–0.80 (0.61 ± 0.07). ZW, 0.25–0.48 (0.35 ± 0.05). ZD, 0.27–0.32 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FD87ABAE1B06FB78" box="[611,625,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2). OrL, 0.18–0.27 (0.23 ± 0.02). OrW, 0.18–0.27 (0.22 ± 0.02). OeL, 0.21–0.31 (0.26 ± 0.02). OeW, 0.21–0.35 (0.31 ± 0.03). Av(s)L, 0.05–0.10 (0.08 ± 0.01). Sp(or)L, 0.16–0.69 (0.37 ± 0.11). P(m)N, 3–8 (6) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FE55AA7618C8FAA0" box="[433,447,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 20). P(oe)N, 6–21 (15).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23AA5B1BCEFA51" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B793373FF23AA5B182EFAC4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1338,1364]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FCBAAA5A1AB0FAC5" box="[862,967,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24A</figureCitation>
|
||
), irregular in form, small, attaining
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B793373FABFAA5B1CEAFAC5" box="[1371,1437,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in maximal dimension, bright brown when alive, light brown or pink when dry. Zooids small, oval, rectangular or hexagonal, arranged in checkered pattern, demarcated by fine undulating sutures between lateral and transverse walls; sutures recognisable in all parts of colony.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23AAAA1C3DF9BD" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Frontal shield moderately convex in distal half, flattened proximally, uniformly tessellated, with a few circular to oval areolae along zooidal margins. Interareolar ridges absent. Interior of frontal shield (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FB26AA8E1C56F999" box="[1218,1313,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24I</figureCitation>
|
||
) with thin discrete ring scar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FE82A97218B8F9BD" box="[358,463,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Umbonuloid component small, occupying 15‒26% of length of frontal shield.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23A9561991F971" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Primary orifice (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FE6DA9561B4AF9C1" box="[393,573,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) irregularly oval to quadrangular with broadly rounded angles; distal and lateral margins formed by upper part of distal transverse wall. Distal wall of orifice shallowly rounded or nearly straight, proximal margin bisinuate, with prominent, median, bifurcate, trifid or multiply branched lyrula and small, lateral, triangular processes, often looking like acute spinules,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B793373FCB6A9C21AEEF92D" box="[850,921,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 in</quantity>
|
||
number on each side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FB72A9C21C6AF92D" box="[1174,1309,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Condyles absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B793373FF23A98A1891F829" blockId="78.[151,1437,510,1977]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Secondary orifice (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FE7AA98A1B50F895" box="[414,551,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24D–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) irregularly oval to quadrangular, cormidial; distolateral curvature just slightly above primary orifice, formed by upper terminal part of distal transverse wall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FBF6A86E1DEBF8B9" box="[1042,1180,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
); proximally restricted by asymmetrically placed cystid of suboral avicularium. Usually, two or three pairs of tubular, articulated oral spines along lateral margins of secondary orifice, two (less frequently three) pairs in ovicellate zooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FB5EA8361C33F8E1" box="[1210,1348,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24A–H</figureCitation>
|
||
); spines very long, sometimes exceeding length of zooid, with thick bases, weakly bent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B793373FBDCA81A1DC8F805" box="[1080,1215,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), giving distinctive spinose appearance to colony.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5FC2EA0B783372FF73A9F21AA3F87F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" startId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" targetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" targetPageId="79">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B783372FF73A9F21AA3F87F" blockId="79.[151,1437,1683,2031]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B783372FF73A9F21856F93B" bold="true" box="[151,289,1683,1707]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B783372FECDA9F21B49F93B" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[297,574,1683,1707]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="echinata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B783372FECDA9F21B49F93B" box="[297,574,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Rhamphostomella echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B783372FDA2A9F21BF7F93B" bold="true" box="[582,640,1683,1707]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B783372FDA2A9F21BF7F93B" box="[582,640,1683,1707]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B783372FD6CA9F21B92F93B" box="[648,741,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23AFF61BEAFEF5" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Cystid of suboral avicularium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B67336DFDD4AFF61B8BFF21" box="[560,764,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 24B–D, F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) very small, flattened, surface finely dimpled, with single minute communication pore situated proximally, on left or right side relative to orifice. Frontal surface (rostral/ postmandibular areas) of avicularium curved to one side, out of zooidal midline, facing obliquely proximolaterally. Rostrum short, oval, slightly elevated, directed distolaterally and frontally. Mandible spatulate, with rounded distal end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B67336DFF2AAE461827FED1" box="[206,336,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 24B, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), palate of similar shape, forming blunt angle with postmandibular area; opesia semioval. Crossbar incomplete, visible as two indictinst denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23AE0E1881FE19" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[199,502,367,393]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">No adventitious avicularia.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23AEF21988FDAD" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Ovicells hyperstomial (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B67336DFE30AEF21B12FE3D" box="[468,613,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 24G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
), ooecium not overgrown by secondary calcification. Ooecium formed by distal autozooid, ooecial fold developing at colony periphery, concurrently with frontal shield of distal zooid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B67336DFF44AEBA187DFE65" box="[160,266,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 24D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ooecium flattened laterally, proximal margin weakly concave with minor wrinkles. Ectooecium with numerous small, circular uniformly scattered pseudopores. Bases of distalmost oral spines appressed to sides of ooecium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23AD261CFFFD15" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Zooids interconnected by 2–3 mural pore chambers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B67336DFCC7AD261AFFFDF1" box="[803,904,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 24L</figureCitation>
|
||
) in each distolateral wall and 1‒2 multiporous septula (sometimes with individual pores in between) or line of individual pores in basal half of transverse walls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23ADEE18EBFD61" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Basal surface of zooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B67336DFE34ADEE1B5DFD39" box="[464,554,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig.24J</figureCitation>
|
||
) fully calcified, flattened to moderately convex, with long, tubular protuberances (up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B67336DFF38ADD21849FD5D" box="[220,318,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B67336DFE64ADD21B57FD5D" box="[384,544,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="0.19" valueMax="0.27" valueMin="0.11">0.11–0.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B67336DFD5CADD21A62FD5D" box="[696,789,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-17@79.[198,1388,181,1659]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 24. Rhamphostomella echinata n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50126 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea). A. Colony margin with developing and fully formed young zooids. B. Lateral view of orifice, showing branching lyrula, four spinules, suboral avicularium and bases of oral spines; non-bleached colony. C. Orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing lyrula, lateral denticles and bases of oral spines. D. Group of non-ovicellate zooids, showing dimpled frontal shields and early stages of ooecial formation. E. Non-ovicellate zooids with long oral spines; unbleached colony. F. Close-up of non-ovicellate zooid, unbleached. G. Group of zooids with broken and completed ooecia. H. Single ovicellate zooid, showing details of orifice, spine bases and ooecium. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing lyrula, lateral denticles, umbo, ring scar and areolae. J. Basal surface of colony, showing protuberances. K. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and umbonuloid component with lyrula and lateral denticles. L. Lateral view of zooid, showing frontal shield, oral spines and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 250 μm; B, K, 50 μm; C, F, H, I, 100 μm; J, 500 μm; L, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544576/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 24J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Boundaries between zooids indicated basally by irregular undulation and sutures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23AD9A1BCFFC85" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[199,696,763,789]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Ancestrula and early astogeny not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B67336DFF23AC7E1AF1FBED" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23AC7E1BA7FC59" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFF23AC7E184CFCA9" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,825]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFEA0AC7E1B0FFCA9" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[324,632,799,825]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="echinata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFEA0AC7E1B0FFCA9" box="[324,632,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Rhamphostomella echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFD66AC7E1BB4FCA9" bold="true" box="[642,707,799,825]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B67336DFD66AC7E1BB4FCA9" box="[642,707,799,825]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
clearly differs from congeners in the following combination of characters: 1) small zooid size; 2) two or three pairs of very long, basally articulated oral spines, frequently exceeding zooid length and conferring a distinctive spiny appearance to the colony; 3) wide, massive spine bases; 4) a bisinuate proximal orificial margin, with a bifurcate or multi-pronged median process and irregular lateral processes; and 5) a very small, frontally curved suboral avicularium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23ACB21AF1FBED" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFF23ACB21B71FC7C" authorityName="Lorenz" authorityYear="1886" box="[199,518,979,1005]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFF23ACB21B71FC7C" box="[199,518,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Rhamphostomella spinigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a generally similar proximal margin of the primary orifice and distolateral oral spines with large bases, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFDFAAC961BD0FB80" authorityName="Lorenz" authorityYear="1886" box="[542,679,1015,1041]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFDFAAC961B58FB80" box="[542,559,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFDD9AC961BD0FB80" box="[573,679,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">spinigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the spines are straight and situated along the distal curvature of the orifice, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFE8FAB7A189EFBA5" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[363,489,1051,1077]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="echinata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFE8FAB7A180BFBA4" box="[363,380,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFE6DAB7A189EFBA5" box="[393,489,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFE0BAB7A1B5AFBA5" bold="true" box="[495,557,1051,1077]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B67336DFE0BAB7A1B5AFBA5" box="[495,557,1051,1077]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
they are slightly curved, and their bases are arranged laterally along the orifice. Among other differences, the frontal shield is tuberculate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFCD0AB5E1ACBFBC8" authorityName="Lorenz" authorityYear="1886" box="[820,956,1087,1113]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFCD0AB5E1A32FBC8" box="[820,837,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFCB6AB5E1ACBFBC8" box="[850,956,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">spinigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but tesselated in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFB9FAB5E1D8EFBC9" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[1147,1273,1087,1113]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="echinata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFB9FAB5E1DFBFBC8" box="[1147,1164,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFB7DAB5E1D8EFBC9" box="[1177,1273,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFAE4AB5E1C49FBC9" bold="true" box="[1280,1342,1087,1113]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B67336DFAE4AB5E1C49FBC9" box="[1280,1342,1087,1113]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and the suboral avicularium differ in morphology between the two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B67336DFF23ABE61D4EFB79" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23ABE61D4EFB79" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFF23ABE6185BFB31" bold="true" box="[199,300,1159,1185]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species has been collected from from depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B67336DFC46ABE61D60FB31" box="[930,1047,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="55.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="10.0">10–100 m</quantity>
|
||
on hard bottoms, including rock, boulders and pebbles. Colonies encrust serpulid tubes, oyster shells, hydroid stolons, articulated red algae, other bryozoans (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFEFFABAE188FFB79" box="[283,504,1231,1257]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Tricellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="beringia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFEFFABAE188FFB79" box="[283,504,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Tricellaria beringia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and lichenoporid cyclostomes) and crab carapaces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B67336DFF23AB931DE7FAC5" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B67336DFF23AB931DE7FAC5" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFF23AB931816FA9C" bold="true" box="[199,353,1266,1292]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on known records, which include several localities from the shelf zone of the Commander Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB1EF930B67336DFF12AA7618CBFAA1" author="Grischenko, A. V." box="[246,444,1303,1329]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="153 - 192" refId="ref89452" refString="Grischenko, A. V. (1997) Bryozoans (Ctenostomida, Cheilostomida) of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. In: Rzhavsky, A. V. (Ed.), Benthic Flora and Fauna of the Shelf Zone of the Commander Islands. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 153 - 192. [in Russian with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="1997">Grischenko 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2002; and our data) and Beringian coastal waters of Amchitka Island, Rat Islands, and the western Aleutian Islands,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B67336DFE06AA5A1B16FAC5" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[482,609,1339,1365]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="echinata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFE06AA5A1884FAC4" box="[482,499,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFDE5AA5A1B16FAC5" box="[513,609,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B67336DFD8CAA5A1BD0FAC5" bold="true" box="[616,679,1339,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B67336DFD8CAA5A1BD0FAC5" box="[616,679,1339,1365]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a Pacific high-boreal, sublittoral species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |