228 lines
31 KiB
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228 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4FB5A1864B322584CC690961207CC1E1">Phylogenetic analysis of the Taeniothrips genus-group, with revision of the species of Ctenothrips and Vulgatothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B2294A1D873B1EB520298DC38DD5678E">Wang, Zhaohong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2D0C7A26AACE19D814229F544958B447">Li, Yajin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D0CFC52B132AD3B5497B57E3FE778C6">Tong, Xiaoli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="20CBED72B74BD55CDD617A194ED0FA8B">Mound, Laurence</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5F8C8ED89B4F1315C1361FEAE527832E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B32C4AB4CAA0DEDB9D711B41EAA7213B">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03828739FFFFFF931DA1FDA18BD7E0E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3716825" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162483922" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3716825" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03828739FFFFFF931DA1FDA18BD7E0E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03828739FFFFFF931DA1FDA18BD7E0E9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="307" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921DA1FDA188ECE20C" ID-CoL="3X4B" authority="Franklin" authorityName="Franklin" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,411,516,543]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DA1FDA188ECE20C" bold="true" box="[151,411,516,543]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DA1FDA18852E20D" bold="true" box="[151,293,516,543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Ctenothrips</emphasis>
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Franklin
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33165A4FFFFFF921DA1FDED8B26E4D7" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B94362FFFFFFF921DA1FDED8A21E273" blockId="6.[151,854,584,609]" box="[151,854,584,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8A103EFFFFFF921DA1FDED8896E272" author="Franklin, H. J." box="[151,481,584,609]" page="247" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" year="1907">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921DA1FDED8896E272" ID-CoL="3X4B" authority="Franklin, 1907: 247" authorityName="Franklin" authorityPageNumber="247" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,481,584,609]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DA1FDED8878E272" box="[151,271,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Ctenothrips</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4BDEFFFFFF921C23FDED8896E272" author="Franklin, H. J." box="[277,481,584,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" pagination="247 - 250" refId="ref13072" refString="Franklin, H. J. (1907) Ctenothrips, new genus. Entomological News, 18, 247 - 250." type="journal article" year="1907">Franklin, 1907: 247</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="5490888DFFFFFF921CDCFDEC8B6BE273" box="[490,540,585,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921F4FFDEC8A21E273" ID-CoL="327J4" authority="Franklin." box="[633,854,584,609]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bridwelli">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921F4FFDEC8B84E272" box="[633,755,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">C. bridwelli</emphasis>
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Franklin.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94362FFFFFFF921DA1FD2A8B26E4D7" blockId="6.[151,1437,655,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
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This genus was erected for a single species based on five females from a site just north of Boston in North America, and about 20 years later a second species was described based on a single short-winged female that was taken just West of Boston (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4BDEFFFFFF921C64FD72888FE2E3" author="Moulton, D." box="[338,504,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" pagination="224 - 244" refId="ref13816" refString="Moulton, D. (1929) Contribution to our knowledge of American Thysanoptera. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 24, 224 - 244." type="journal article" year="1929">Moulton 1929</bibRefCitation>
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). We conclude below that these two represent a single species that is widespread in the area between New Hampshire, Tennessee and Alberta. In contrast, the other 13 species currently listed in this genus are all from Eurasia (ThripsWiki 2019). One is widespread across the Palaearctic, one is known only from alpine
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<collectingCountry id="F33C76BFFFFFFF921DD2FCE68850E34F" box="[228,295,835,861]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Japan</collectingCountry>
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, three are from the Himalayan mountain areas in
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<collectingCountry id="F33C76BFFFFFFF921E68FCE68AD6E34F" box="[862,929,835,861]" name="Nepal" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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and India, and eight are from
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<collectingCountry id="F33C76BFFFFFFF9219C8FCE68C32E34F" box="[1278,1349,835,861]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">China</collectingCountry>
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. Unfortunately, most of these species were described by authors without personally examining specimens of previously described species. Many descriptions were based on few specimens (see
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<tableCitation id="C6A90394FFFFFF921EE5FC2E8D51E3B7" box="[979,1062,907,933]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,239,298,322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. Information of type specimens of Ctenothrips species" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5466A7FFFEFF931DA1FE8F8A3AE151" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" tableUuid="DF5466A7FFFEFF931DA1FE8F8A3AE151">Table 1</tableCitation>
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), and some were damaged when mounted onto slides (
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<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFFFF921CBEFC0A8B7DE3DB" box="[392,522,942,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1821,1846]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1435,181,1795]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 53–62. Ctenothrips. (53) bridwelli (Holotype of frosti). 54–59 kwanzanensis: (54) paratype female of taibaishanensis; (55) paratype male of taibaishanensis; (56) paratype of leionotus; (57) paratype of cornipennis; (58) paratype of guizhouensis; (59) paratype of nonnae. (60) transeolineae. 61–62 parisae: (61) female; (62) male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707444" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707444/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Figs 53–57</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFFFF921F23FC0A8B17E3D8" box="[533,608,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURES 64–67" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1448,1473]" captionTargetBox="[151,1416,707,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1435,705,1423]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 64–67. Vulgatothrips. (64) paratype of dissimilis; (65) paratype of shennongjiaensis; (66) shennongjiaensis; (67) male of smilax." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707446/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">64–66</figureCitation>
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). However, useful taxonomy of phytophagous
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF92195AFC0A8DDBE3DB" ID-CoL="7WCM" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1132,1196,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Thrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">thrips</taxonomicName>
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needs to be based on adequate samples, together with reliable host-plant records.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4BDEFFFFFF921E19FC768A94E3FF" author="Xie, Y. H. & Zhang, H. R. & Li, Z. Y." box="[815,995,979,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" pagination="65 - 68" refId="ref14476" refString="Xie, Y. H., Zhang, H. R. & Li, Z. Y. (2011) A new Ctenothrips from southwestern China (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Zootaxa, 2926 (1), 65 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2926.1.5" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Xie
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921E6BFC718AFAE3FF" box="[861,909,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">et al</emphasis>
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. (2011)
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</bibRefCitation>
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drew attention to the resultant confused situation by producing a key to 12 species, of which information concerning 10 species was drawn solely from published literature. The structure of that key revealed the weakness of several character states that had been used to diagnose several species, including pronotal surface sculpture and varying shades of yellowish-brown on antennal segments. Given the lack information concerning the identity of the plant species on which these insects live, and the inadequate morphological distinctions used, there is good reason to query the taxonomic significance of some of the species described in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921CF0FB0E8B3DE4D7" ID-CoL="3X4B" authorityName="Franklin" authorityYear="1907" box="[454,586,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921CF0FB0E8B3DE4D7" box="[454,586,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Ctenothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33165A4FFFFFF921DF1FB6A88E8E643" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B94362FFFFFFF921DF1FB6A88E8E643" blockId="6.[151,1437,655,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
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According to the analysis results above, three names should be transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF92191DFB6A8DB4E4FB" authorityName="Han" authorityYear="1997" box="[1067,1219,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Vulgatothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF92191DFB6A8DB4E4FB" box="[1067,1219,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Vulgatothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 13 names are now left in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921DD3FB56881EE51F" authorityName="Franklin" authorityYear="1907" box="[229,361,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DD3FB56881EE51F" box="[229,361,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Ctenothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(clade
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<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFFFF921CC0FB568B22E51F" box="[502,597,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1394,1419]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,277,1355]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,270,1366]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Strict consensus of four most parsimonious trees. (Tree generated from morphological phylogenetic analysis, unambiguous apomorphies mapped on branches, black circles indicate nonhomoplastic changes; bremer support values and bootstrap mapped near the nodes below and above branches respectively)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707434/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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). Although most species were known from limited specimens with weak host plant information, study of the extensive available slide collections (Appendix 1) suggests some possible host associations.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921C18FA9E8B68E547" box="[302,543,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bridwelli">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921C18FA9E8B68E547" box="[302,543,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Ctenothrips bridwelli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is associated with leaves of certain
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921E8DFA9E8D55E547" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[955,1058,1339,1365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF92196DFA9E8D9CE547" box="[1115,1259,1339,1365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Orchidaceae</taxonomicName>
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; the Palaearctic species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921DC0FAFA88F5E56B" baseAuthorityName="Uzel" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[246,386,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DC0FAFA88F5E56B" box="[246,386,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">C. distinctus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is associated with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921F6BFAFA8A81E56B" box="[605,1014,1375,1401]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Convallaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="majalis">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921F6BFAFA8A4AE56B" box="[605,829,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Convallaria majalis</emphasis>
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(Asparagaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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, another lily-like plant; a new species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C76BFFFFFFF921DE1FA26886DE58F" box="[215,282,1411,1437]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
is described below from another member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921E66FA268AD0E58F" box="[848,935,1411,1437]" class="Liliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Liliales</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921E82FA218C7CE58C" box="[948,1291,1411,1438]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921E82FA218DF3E58F" box="[948,1156,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Paris yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Liliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF92187CFA218CEBE58F" authorityName="Haga & Okajima" authorityYear="1989" box="[1354,1436,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nonnae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF92187CFA218CEBE58F" box="[1354,1436,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">nonnae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C76BFFFFFFF921DE1FA028860E5D3" box="[215,279,1447,1473]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
was known from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921CDAFA0D8BE3E5D3" box="[492,660,1448,1473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921CDAFA0D8BE3E5D3" box="[492,660,1448,1473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Paris japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although the other nine species were taken from unrelated plants,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921DA1FA6989A2E5F7" authorityName="Xie, Yuan, Li & Zhang" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,213,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yangi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DA1FA6989A2E5F7" box="[151,213,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">yangi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described as breeding on various different plants,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921E63FA6E8DEFE5F4" box="[853,1176,1483,1510]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Spathidiidae" genus="Bryophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Spathidiida" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921E63FA6E8A91E5F7" box="[853,998,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Bryophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
(Crassulaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921993FA6E8CEFE5F4" box="[1189,1432,1483,1510]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oxalidaceae" genus="Oxalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921993FA6E8D99E5F7" box="[1189,1262,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Oxalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Oxalidaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921DA1FA4A88D3E618" authority="(Leguminosae)" baseAuthorityName="Leguminosae" box="[151,420,1519,1546]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Glycine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DA1FA4A8999E61B" box="[151,238,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Glycine</emphasis>
|
||
(Leguminosae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921C86FA4A8BF5E618" box="[432,642,1519,1546]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pilea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921C86FA4A889CE61B" box="[432,491,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Pilea</emphasis>
|
||
(Urticaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921FB9FA4A8A0FE618" box="[655,888,1519,1546]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Mentha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921FB9FA4A8B92E61B" box="[655,741,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Mentha</emphasis>
|
||
(Lamiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921EDFFA558D51E61B" box="[1001,1062,1520,1545]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921EDFFA558D51E61B" box="[1001,1062,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Paris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This polyphagous feeding habit may be related to the variation in structural characters that we record below among the available samples of adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4DACFFFFFF921DA1F992886CE643" authorityName="Franklin" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,283,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ctenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DA1F992886CE643" box="[151,283,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Ctenothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33165A4FFFFFF931DF1F9FE8BD7E0E9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94362FFFFFFF931DF1F9FE8BD7E0E9" blockId="6.[151,1437,655,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,153,251]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA3DFFFFFF921DF1F9FE884DE667" bold="true" box="[199,314,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
: Macropterous or micropterous. Head longer than wide or as long as wide, constricted behind eyes; maxillary palps 3-segmented; eyes without pigmented facets and not longer than length of cheek; ocellar setae I absent. Antennae 8-segmented, segment I without paired dorso-apical setae, III and IV with forked sense cones. Pronotum wider than long; two pairs of long posteroangular setae, one or two pairs of posteromarginal setae present. Mesonotum reticulate, median pair of setae situated near middle; campaniform sensilla present anteromedially. Metanotum reticulate; median setal pair behind anterior margin; campaniform sensilla present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFFFF9219F4F8AA8C60E73B" box="[1218,1303,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1675,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,181,1649]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16–31. Characters on thorax. 16–19 pronotum: (16) C. distinctus; (17) C. distinctus; (18) C. transeolineae; (19) C. parisae. 20–23 Meso-and metanotum: (20) V. shennongjiaensis; (21) C. distinctus; (22) Ta. eucharii; (23) C. parisae. 24–26 Meso-and metasternum: (24) C. distinctus; (25) Ta. eucharii; (26) V. smilax. 27–28 Hind leg: (27) C. bridwelli; (28) C. distinctus. 29–31 Fore wing: (29) Ta. orionis; (30) C. parisae; (31) C. distinctus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707438/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing vein setal rows complete or first vein with short gaps; clavus with five veinal and one discal setae; posterior fringe cilia wavy (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFFFF921C2CF8F2881AE763" box="[282,365,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1675,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,181,1649]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16–31. Characters on thorax. 16–19 pronotum: (16) C. distinctus; (17) C. distinctus; (18) C. transeolineae; (19) C. parisae. 20–23 Meso-and metanotum: (20) V. shennongjiaensis; (21) C. distinctus; (22) Ta. eucharii; (23) C. parisae. 24–26 Meso-and metasternum: (24) C. distinctus; (25) Ta. eucharii; (26) V. smilax. 27–28 Hind leg: (27) C. bridwelli; (28) C. distinctus. 29–31 Fore wing: (29) Ta. orionis; (30) C. parisae; (31) C. distinctus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707438/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prosternal ferna not divided; basantra membranous, without setae; prospinasternum broad and transverse. Mesosternum without sternopleural sutures, meso- and metasternal endofurca without spinula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFFFF92180AF8DE8CE7E787" box="[1340,1424,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1675,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,181,1649]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16–31. Characters on thorax. 16–19 pronotum: (16) C. distinctus; (17) C. distinctus; (18) C. transeolineae; (19) C. parisae. 20–23 Meso-and metanotum: (20) V. shennongjiaensis; (21) C. distinctus; (22) Ta. eucharii; (23) C. parisae. 24–26 Meso-and metasternum: (24) C. distinctus; (25) Ta. eucharii; (26) V. smilax. 27–28 Hind leg: (27) C. bridwelli; (28) C. distinctus. 29–31 Fore wing: (29) Ta. orionis; (30) C. parisae; (31) C. distinctus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707438/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tarsi 2-segmented. Abdominal tergites reticulate, III–VII posterior margin without ctenidia or craspeda (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFFFF92180FF83A8CF8E7AB" box="[1337,1423,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–52" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,525,1746]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 39–52. Characters on abdomen. 39–40 Tergites: (39) Ta. orionis tergites III–IV; (40) Ta. eucharii tergites IV–VI; (41) V. shennongjiaensis tergite VIII; (42) Te. frici tergites VI–X; (43) C. kwanzanensis tergites V–VII; (44) C. distinctus VII–IX. 45–46 Male sternites: (45) C. parisae; (46) V. shennongjiaensis. 47–49 Male tergites IX: (47) C. kwanzanensis; (48) C. parisae; (49) C. transeolineae. 50–52 Sternites: (50) C. bridwelli; (51) Ta. picipes; (52) V. shennongjiaensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707442/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
); VIII with complete posteromarginal comb; IX with two pairs of campanifom sensilla; X with median split com- plete. Sternites reticulate, III–VII with three pairs of posteromarginal setae, II with two pairs posteromarginal setae, VII with S1 and S2 far from margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFEFF931F0CFF188BF8E0C5" box="[570,655,188,215]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–52" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,525,1746]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 39–52. Characters on abdomen. 39–40 Tergites: (39) Ta. orionis tergites III–IV; (40) Ta. eucharii tergites IV–VI; (41) V. shennongjiaensis tergite VIII; (42) Te. frici tergites VI–X; (43) C. kwanzanensis tergites V–VII; (44) C. distinctus VII–IX. 45–46 Male sternites: (45) C. parisae; (46) V. shennongjiaensis. 47–49 Male tergites IX: (47) C. kwanzanensis; (48) C. parisae; (49) C. transeolineae. 50–52 Sternites: (50) C. bridwelli; (51) Ta. picipes; (52) V. shennongjiaensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707442/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pleurotergites without discal setae. Male similar to female; sternites III–VIII each with oblong pore plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102AAAFFFEFF931F09FF448BE4E0E9" box="[575,659,224,251]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–52" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,525,1746]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 39–52. Characters on abdomen. 39–40 Tergites: (39) Ta. orionis tergites III–IV; (40) Ta. eucharii tergites IV–VI; (41) V. shennongjiaensis tergite VIII; (42) Te. frici tergites VI–X; (43) C. kwanzanensis tergites V–VII; (44) C. distinctus VII–IX. 45–46 Male sternites: (45) C. parisae; (46) V. shennongjiaensis. 47–49 Male tergites IX: (47) C. kwanzanensis; (48) C. parisae; (49) C. transeolineae. 50–52 Sternites: (50) C. bridwelli; (51) Ta. picipes; (52) V. shennongjiaensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707442/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |