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<document id="08A04EA75F33A8687B486010FF1C9DD8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210771" ID-ZooBank="50AC1672-FC20-4502-8D8A-4BCAE95F719B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1722789583779" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz &amp; Mathis, Wayne N." docDate="2024" docId="03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5487.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5487 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Scatophila bolwigi Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFE8FFCF3A537B53FFD9FFE4576AFFFA" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1723828630952" updateUser="valdenar">
<mods:mods id="4BBBD24C35354B849F7324589D294903" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="7D5A11802FF387700438B6B8495ABB53">
<mods:title id="89A24E857B8FBB8BE576737B1A4B0CAB">Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A16BF34D805AC9C56E02F06ABBECCF08" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AF95B6049B9E2908946AD67C0E4DEC6A">
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<mods:namePart id="4A1FBE3764FA2E1643B34B851B7C65BE">Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5F020E72C0AA40E60E45BBC0C9B23329" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2163-0143</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="228E3CEBA99C4A4F4B1C916D9C262F97">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1CA5EC198E85490B8030F1D7BD1537F4" type="email">zatwar@uni.opole.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BCF8BCC44EB30FD63E8A32E7609109AF">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="04F79448F861C35717EE471113797023" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2163-0143</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2CD0122072237713DBFEDF11CF792640">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 &amp; Department of Entomology, PO BOX 37012, MRC 169, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA mathisw @ si. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5012 - 1762 &amp; Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="35C2838B003CB7786F2D67A082D68272" type="email">zatwar@uni.opole.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="1173D8B8C096A2F047638BEA624EBC92">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="79A54AE09CB800D8E5E3B1D41F536B78">
<mods:date id="5EF52FD1BD886EC56EAF9993F8AE3C64">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="48786A71638BEF661120F2C048B65B03" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="41E5B69EE7CA06983CF60BF1E4CE70E1">2024-07-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="222A5A9B84D76BBD805DC31FDA1CFDA2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2435E5DE936C185E553ADC9536DFE40C">5487</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FE2DA77955D88DC1FD916E08D105549D">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8CF54FB110CB18D72F1DD917C8F96FA9">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="A22C3B00E9ECE721C018D29A41B2EDFB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CBC8342D9EEC62364DC6AEC9366D57F2" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210825" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210825" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A637B63FF4EFC12556DFBEB" box="[151,519,1014,1041]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A637B63FF4EFC12556DFBEB" blockId="48.[151,519,1014,1077]" box="[151,519,1014,1041]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A637B63FF4EFC12556DFBEB" bold="true" box="[151,519,1014,1041]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
11.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A637B63FF1BFC1256C8FBEB" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[194,418,1014,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A637B63FF1BFC1256C8FBEB" bold="true" box="[194,418,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Scatophila bolwigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A637B63FE70FC13556DFBEB" box="[425,519,1015,1041]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C362652A3A637B61FF4EFBFF54FEF842" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A637B63FF4EFBFF56DEFBCF" blockId="48.[151,519,1014,1077]" box="[151,436,1051,1077]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FF4EFBFF579EFBCF" box="[151,244,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs. 90</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FF26FBFF5622FBCF" box="[255,328,1051,1077]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 93–96" captionStart-1="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId-0="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionStartId-1="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox-0="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId-0="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetId-1="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId-0="49" captionTargetPageId-1="50" captionText-0="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">93–99</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FE8AFBFF5615FBCF" box="[339,383,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">107</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FE52FBFF56DEFBCF" box="[395,436,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-199@54.[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 110. Distribution map of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. (squares), S. tuberculosa Cresson (triangles), and S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler (circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210849/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">110</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A637B63FF4EFB875566FB5B" blockId="48.[151,1437,1123,2013]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small shore flies, body length
<quantity id="4C809B443A637B63FEB8FB62556DFB5B" box="[353,519,1158,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="1.625" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.55">1.55–1.70 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A637B63FF1EFB4F5665FACB" blockId="48.[151,1437,1123,2013]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A637B63FF1EFB4F566EFB3F" box="[199,260,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FECDFB4F56CAFB3F" box="[276,416,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–96" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-109@49.[151,1435,381,1618]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 93–96. Head of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs. 93–96</figureCitation>
): Mesofrons and fronto-orbits tan to brown. Face of
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A637B63FC21FB4F5367FB3F" box="[1016,1037,1195,1221]" count="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
brown, ventral portion protuberant with an elongate, medial depression bordered by dense curly setulae, especially laterally; face of
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A637B63FADFFB2B5271FB13" box="[1286,1307,1231,1257]" count="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
with some subshiny luster. Gena moderately short, slightly more than half height of basal flagellomere; gena-to-eye ratio 0.25–0.27.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A637B63FF1EFADF5347F9F3" blockId="48.[151,1437,1123,2013]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A637B63FF1EFADF5672FAAF" box="[199,280,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FEFDFADF5615FAAF" box="[292,383,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs.90</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FE5EFADF56DFFAAF" box="[391,437,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">107</figureCitation>
): Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FD81FADF55DEFAAF" box="[600,692,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–109" captionStartId="53.[151,264,947,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetId="figure-27@53.[151,1435,181,923]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 107–109. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 107. Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov., head and thorax, dorsal view. 108–109. Wing, dorsal view. 108. S. tuberculosa Cresson. 109. S. unicornis Czerny. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210847/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig.107</figureCitation>
) mostly brown with grayish stripes; scutum mostly microtomentose, dull to subshiny brown with pattern of linear gray stripes anterior, between acrostichal tracks and laterad of acrostichal tracks, fainter linear spots laterad of dorsocentral tracks; presutural dorsocentral setae lacking. Wing (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FF79FA435799FA3B" box="[160,243,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–91" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1140,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-70@46.[151,1435,1140,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 89–91. Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila. 89. Scatophila viridella Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 90–91. Wing, dorsal view. 90. S. bolwigi sp. nov. 91. S. hirtirostris Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210835/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
) generally faint with moderate pattern of white spots; veins R
<subScript id="17FC34E43A637B63FC64FA5D54BCFA3D" attach="left" box="[957,982,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">2+3</subScript>
and R
<subScript id="17FC34E43A637B63FBFAFA5D5357FA3D" attach="left" box="[1059,1085,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">4+5</subScript>
shallowly undulate near white spots; costal vein ratio 0.29–0.30; M
<subScript id="17FC34E43A637B63FDE5FA39552EFA11" attach="left" box="[572,580,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1</subScript>
vein ratio 0.56–0.66. Legs dark; male midfemur lacking row of spine-like setulae along posteroventral margin Tarsi often yellowish to brownish red basally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A637B62FF1EF9F75373FE9F" blockId="48.[151,1437,1123,2013]" lastBlockId="49.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A637B63FF1EF9F7565BF9D7" box="[199,305,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FE9AF9F756BBF9D7" box="[323,465,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs. 97–99</figureCitation>
): Mostly blackish brown to black, subshiny to shiny, with some blackish gray areas basally on tergites 2–4; subshiny, male tergite 5 truncate posteriorly. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FBBAF9D35385F9AB" box="[1123,1263,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs. 97–99</figureCitation>
): Epandrium in posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FE95F9BF56F5F98F" box="[332,415,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
) generally squatly oval except for broadly stepped emargination at ventral margin, width almost equal to height, lateral margins shallowly curved with short, papilla-like projection at ventrolateral corner; dorsal margin of epandrium in posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FD7EF9475593F947" box="[679,761,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
) evenly rounded; length of epandrial setulae variable, those along ventral margin shorter, sparse along lateral margins; cercal cavity nearly round, only slightly higher than wide; cerci in posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FE30F90F5551F8FF" box="[489,571,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
) hemispherical, medial margin nearly straight; aedeagus in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FAB6F90F57DEF8D3" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
) broadly rounded basally, irregularly rectangular, dorsal margin deeply excavated, excavation V-shaped, depth of cavity longer than width of opening, posterior margin broadly truncate, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FB72F8D75394F8B7" box="[1195,1278,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
) more or less pentagonal, widest sub-basally, posterior margin tapered toward apical margin, apical margin truncate, basal margin concave; ventral aedeagal process in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FD0BF89F544FF86F" box="[722,805,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
) C-shaped; phallapodeme in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FADEF89F5230F86F" box="[1287,1370,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
) very elongate, narrow, curved, keel evident as a medial thumb-like protuberance, dorsal length about equal to ventral length, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A637B63FE7FF8275692F827" box="[422,504,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
) T-shaped, basal crossbar slightly less than half length of medial process, crossbar extensions slightly tapered, especially apically, curved posteriorly; postgonite in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A627B62FB1BFF73527FFF4B" box="[1218,1301,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
) irregularly and widely V-shaped, dorsal arm subrectangular, wider basally and anterior margin emarginate, ventral extension an elongate, rod-like, parallel-sided projection, posterior apex a tapered, thumb-like projection, narrow apex shallowly bifurcate, posterodorsal corner distinctly produced, apex shallowly and narrowly bifurcate, bearing setulae on dorsal surface, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A627B62FE69FEC35568FEBB" box="[432,514,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
) with posterior extensions oriented medially, narrow, thumb-like; neohypandrium in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A627B62FE9EFEAF56F2FE9F" box="[327,408,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
) narrow, parallel-sided, irregularly and deeply C-shaped.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0766293A627B62FF4EF98E5598F95C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210839/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" startId="49.[151,264,1642,1666]" targetBox="[171,1435,387,1618]" targetPageId="49" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A627B62FF4EF98E5598F95C" blockId="49.[151,1436,1642,1702]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A627B62FF4EF98E5626F978" bold="true" box="[151,332,1642,1666]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">FIGURES 93–96</emphasis>
. Head of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A627B62FE77F98E5501F978" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[430,619,1642,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A627B62FE77F98E5501F978" box="[430,619,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Scatophila bolwigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A627B62FDA8F98E55AAF978" bold="true" box="[625,704,1642,1666]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A627B62FDA8F98E55AAF978" box="[625,704,1642,1666]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
93. Male, latero-oblique view. 94. Male, lateral view. 95. Female, laterooblique view. 96. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A627B61FF1EF91D5332FE73" blockId="49.[151,1437,1784,2027]" lastBlockId="50.[151,1437,150,393]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Type Material.—
<collectorName id="268D53773A627B62FE5FF91C56D8F8E8" box="[390,434,1784,1810]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">The</collectorName>
<typeStatus id="54C388033A627B62FE61F91C5570F8E8" box="[440,538,1784,1810]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A627B62FDA0F91C5420F8E8" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[633,842,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A627B62FDA0F91C5420F8E8" box="[633,842,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Scatophila bolwigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A627B62FC89F91D54BFF8E8" box="[848,981,1784,1811]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
is labeled “
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A627B62FB8EF91D53F9F8E9" box="[1111,1171,1785,1811]" name="United States of America" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USA</collectingCountry>
. A[LAS]K[A].
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A627B62FAE4F91C57BFF8CC" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Gulkana River</collectingCounty>
(
<locationDeviation id="9A752F833A627B62FF3EF8F956B3F8CC" box="[231,473,1820,1847]" location="Glenallen" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<quantity id="4C809B443A627B62FF3EF8F9562CF8CC" box="[231,326,1820,1847]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="km" value="19.3">19.3 km</quantity>
N Glenallen
</locationDeviation>
[should be Glennallen]; 62°16.1'N, 145°23.1'W)[,]
<date id="FFC610613A627B62FBF2F8F953DCF8CD" box="[1067,1206,1821,1847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2011-08-07">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A627B62FBF2F8F953DCF8CD" box="[1067,1206,1821,1847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2011-08-07">7 Aug 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A627B62FB63F8F953A5F8CD" box="[1210,1231,1821,1847]" country="United States of America" name="D" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">D</collectingRegion>
. &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A627B62FB23F8F95278F8CD" box="[1274,1298,1821,1847]" country="United States of America" name="W" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">W</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A627B62FAFBF8F95253F8CD" box="[1314,1337,1821,1847]" country="United States of America" name="N" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">N</collectingRegion>
. Mathis/ Sp. photographed
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A627B62FEBCF8A5561DF8A1" box="[357,375,1857,1883]" country="United States of America" name="T" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T</collectingRegion>
. Zatwarnicki,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A627B62FDC3F8A5555CF8A1" box="[538,566,1857,1883]" country="United States of America" name="M" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">M</collectingRegion>
. Cielniak, 2018/
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A627B62FD36F8A5542AF8A1" box="[751,832,1857,1883]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBDE9EDA3A627B62FC91F8A5549CF8A1" box="[840,1014,1856,1883]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">ENT 00250327</specimenCode>
[plastic bar code label]/
<typeStatus id="54C388033A627B62FAD0F8A552F7F8A1" box="[1289,1437,1857,1883]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A627B62FF4EF88157C6F885" box="[151,172,1893,1919]" count="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A627B62FF6EF880559DF885" authority="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[183,759,1892,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A627B62FF6EF88056E4F884" box="[183,398,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Scatophila bolwigi</emphasis>
Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM
</taxonomicName>
[red].” The
<typeStatus id="54C388033A627B62FC54F8805485F884" box="[909,1007,1892,1918]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is double mounted (minute nadel in block of plastic elastomere), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A627B62FBC4F86D5318F859" box="[1053,1138,1929,1955]" country="United States of America" name="USNM" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNM</collectingRegion>
.
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A627B62FBA6F86D5242F859" box="[1151,1320,1929,1955]" count="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">Four paratypes</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A627B62FAE5F86D520BF859" box="[1340,1377,1929,1955]" count="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A627B62FAA9F86D52FBF859" box="[1392,1425,1929,1955]" count="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
) bear the same label data as the holotype and five other
<typeStatus id="54C388033A627B62FCDCF849541AF83D" box="[773,880,1965,1991]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A627B62FC58F84854CFF83D" box="[897,933,1964,1991]" count="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
) bear the same locality label, but the date of collection is
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A627B62FEF3F835550FF811" box="[298,613,2000,2027]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<date id="FFC610613A627B62FEF3F83556C8F810" box="[298,418,2000,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2006-07-09">9 Jul 2006</date>
and
<date id="FFC610613A627B62FE02F835550FF811" box="[475,613,2001,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2012-08-07">7 Aug 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
. Other
<typeStatus id="54C388033A627B62FD60F835544EF811" box="[697,804,2001,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are as follows:
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A627B62FC04F8355220F811" box="[989,1354,2000,2027]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A627B62FC04F835532EF811" box="[989,1092,2001,2027]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ALASKA</collectingRegion>
. Bethel (
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A627B62FB70F8355256F811" box="[1193,1340,2001,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Census Area</collectingMunicipality>
):
</emphasis>
Bethel (
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FF46FF72567EFF4B" box="[159,276,150,177]" degrees="60" direction="north" minutes="47.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="60.791668">60°47.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FEF9FF7256C3FF4B" box="[288,425,150,177]" degrees="161" direction="west" minutes="45.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="-161.755">161°45.3'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A617B61FE64FF725521FF4B" box="[445,587,150,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1917-09-25">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A617B61FE64FF725521FF4B" box="[445,587,150,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1917-09-25">25 Sep 1917</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A617B61FD8CFF735506FF4B" box="[597,620,151,177]" country="United States of America" name="A" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A617B61FDAEFF7355E4FF4B" box="[631,654,151,177]" country="United States of America" name="H" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">H</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EA7607A3A617B61FD41FF73546BFF4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842:8EA7607A3A617B61FD41FF73546BFF4B" box="[664,769,151,177]" country="United States of America" county="Gulkana River" latitude="60.791668" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-161.755" municipality="Census Area" name="Twitchell" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="D">Twitchell</location>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A617B61FCCBFF73545FFF4B" box="[786,821,151,177]" count="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54C388033A617B61FCE2FF7354F1FF4B" box="[827,923,151,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FC18FF735301FF4B" box="[961,1131,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variofacialis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FC18FF735301FF4B" box="[961,1131,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. variofacialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A617B61FBA0FF7353A5FF4B" box="[1145,1231,151,177]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A617B61FB38FF7352F3FF2F" collectingDate="2003-08-10" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" county="North Star" latitude="64.793335" location="Mathis" longLatPrecision="100" longitude="-147.19" municipality="Chena Lake Recreation Area" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="D" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FB38FF7357A5FF2F" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Fairbanks
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A617B61FA82FF7357A3FF2F" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">North Star</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A617B61FF0FFF5F5572FF2F" box="[214,536,187,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Chena Lake Recreation Area</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FDFEFF5F55F7FF2F" box="[551,669,187,213]" degrees="64" direction="north" minutes="47.6" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="64.793335">64°47.6'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FD71FF5F545AFF2F" box="[680,816,187,213]" degrees="147" direction="west" minutes="11.4" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="-147.19">147°11.4'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A617B61FC9DFF5F54BDFF2F" box="[836,983,187,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2003-08-10">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A617B61FC9DFF5F54BDFF2F" box="[836,983,187,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2003-08-10">10 Aug 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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. and
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(
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)
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:
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(
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;
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,
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),
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(
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,
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(
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(
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,
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(
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(
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<caption id="DF0766293A617B61FF4EFB4F523EFB1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" startId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" targetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" targetPageId="50" targetType="figure">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FF4EFB4F563FFB39" bold="true" box="[151,341,1195,1219]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">FIGURES 97–99.</emphasis>
Male terminalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FDFAFB4F5589FB39" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[547,739,1195,1219]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FDFAFB4F5589FB39" box="[547,739,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Scatophila bolwigi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57C83A617B61FD33FB4F5456FB39" box="[746,828,1195,1219]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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<paragraph id="8BC736A13A617B61FF1EFADD56FFFA45" blockId="50.[151,1437,1337,1976]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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Other Specimens Examined.—
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ALASKA.
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Fairbanks
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:
</emphasis>
<location id="8EA7607A3A617B61FB79FADD5264FAA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842:8EA7607A3A617B61FB79FADD5264FAA9" box="[1184,1294,1337,1363]" country="United States of America" county="Fairbanks North Star" latitude="64.83833" longLatPrecision="404" longitude="-147.71666" municipality="North Star" name="Fairbanks" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Alaska">Fairbanks</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FAFAFADD52FDFAAE" box="[1315,1431,1337,1364]" degrees="64" direction="north" minutes="50.3" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="64.83833">64°50.3'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FF4EFAB95661FA8D" box="[151,267,1373,1399]" degrees="147" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="925" value="-147.71666">147°43'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A617B61FEFDFAB9556BFA8D" box="[292,513,1373,1399]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1921-06-29" valueMax="1921-07-04" valueMin="1921-06-29">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A617B61FEFDFAB9556BFA8D" box="[292,513,1373,1399]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1921-06-29" valueMax="1921-07-04" valueMin="1921-06-29">29 Jun–4 Jul 1921</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A617B61FDC8FABA54D0FA61" collectingDate="1944-05-19" collectingDateMax="1944-06-20" collectingDateMin="1944-05-19" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" county="Aldrich" latitude="61.541668" location="Matanuska" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-149.23" municipality="Matanuska-Susitna" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="J">
J. M.
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A617B61FD80FAB955C5FA8D" box="[601,687,1373,1399]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Aldrich</collectingCounty>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A617B61FD1DFAB9558DFA8D" box="[708,743,1373,1399]" count="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54C388033A617B61FD2BFABA5437FA82" box="[754,861,1374,1400]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FC55FABA5351FA8D" box="[908,1083,1373,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variofacialis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FC55FABA5351FA8D" box="[908,1083,1373,1400]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. variofacialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A617B61FB97FAB953CEFA8D" box="[1102,1188,1373,1399]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FB62FAB952F6FA8D" box="[1211,1436,1373,1399]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A617B61FB62FAB952FCFA8D" box="[1211,1430,1373,1399]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Matanuska-Susitna</collectingMunicipality>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8EA7607A3A617B61FF4EFA655678FA61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842:8EA7607A3A617B61FF4EFA655678FA61" box="[151,274,1409,1435]" country="United States of America" county="Aldrich" latitude="61.541668" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-149.23" municipality="Matanuska-Susitna" name="Matanuska" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="J">Matanuska</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FEFBFA6556F2FA66" box="[290,408,1409,1436]" degrees="61" direction="north" minutes="32.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="61.541668">61°32.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FE7DFA655546FA61" box="[420,556,1409,1435]" degrees="149" direction="west" minutes="13.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="-149.23">149°13.8'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingMethod id="52394EB63A617B61FDE1FA6655D9FA61" box="[568,691,1409,1436]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">rotary trap</collectingMethod>
),
<date id="FFC610613A617B61FD1EFA6554D0FA61" box="[711,954,1409,1436]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1944-05-19" valueMax="1944-06-20" valueMin="1944-05-19">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A617B61FD1EFA6554D0FA61" box="[711,954,1409,1436]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1944-05-19" valueMax="1944-06-20" valueMin="1944-05-19">19 May–20 Jun 1944</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A617B61FC1FFA6656F8FA45" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="Chamberlin" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="J">
J. C.
<location id="8EA7607A3A617B61FBDBFA6553ECFA61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842:8EA7607A3A617B61FBDBFA6553ECFA61" box="[1026,1158,1409,1435]" country="United States of America" name="Chamberlin" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="J">Chamberlin</location>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A617B61FB41FA6553D7FA61" box="[1176,1213,1409,1435]" count="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A617B61FB13FA655387FA61" box="[1226,1261,1409,1435]" count="4" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54C388033A617B61FB2CFA66520AFA66" box="[1269,1376,1410,1436]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FA5EFA66564FFA45" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variofacialis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FA5EFA66564FFA45" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">S. variofacialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A617B61FEEDFA4156E0FA45" box="[308,394,1445,1471]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A617B61FF1EFA2E56C7F9FD" blockId="50.[151,1437,1337,1976]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A617B61FF1EFA2E56CDF9FD" country="United States of America" county="Valdez-Cordova" latitude="62.268333" location="Gulkana River" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-145.385" municipality="Census Area" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alaska" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54C388033A617B61FF1EFA2E5795FA1E" box="[199,255,1482,1508]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type</typeStatus>
Locality.—
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A617B61FE5DFA2D5576FA19" box="[388,540,1481,1507]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">United States</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A617B61FDFCFA2D551CFA19" box="[549,630,1481,1507]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alaska</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A617B61FD59FA2D545CFA19" box="[640,822,1481,1507]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Valdez-Cordova</collectingCounty>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A617B61FC9DFA2D54B2FA19" box="[836,984,1481,1507]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Census Area</collectingMunicipality>
):
<location id="8EA7607A3A617B61FC33FA2D53E7FA19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A637B61FF4EFC1254FEF842:8EA7607A3A617B61FC33FA2D53E7FA19" box="[1002,1165,1481,1507]" country="United States of America" county="Valdez-Cordova" latitude="62.268333" longLatPrecision="102" longitude="-145.385" municipality="Census Area" name="Gulkana River" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Alaska">Gulkana River</location>
(
<locationDeviation id="9A752F833A617B61FB45FA2D52F2FA19" box="[1180,1432,1481,1508]" location="Glennallen" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<quantity id="4C809B443A617B61FB45FA2D5393FA19" box="[1180,1273,1481,1507]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="km" value="19.3">19.3 km</quantity>
N Glennallen
</locationDeviation>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FF4EFA095661F9FD" box="[151,267,1517,1543]" degrees="62" direction="north" minutes="16.1" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="62.268333">62°16.1'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A617B61FECEFA0956F6F9F2" box="[279,412,1517,1544]" degrees="145" direction="west" minutes="23.1" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="92" value="-145.385">145°23.1'W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A617B61FF1EF9F55430F9D1" blockId="50.[151,1437,1337,1976]" box="[199,858,1553,1579]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Distribution (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A617B61FE87F9F556D1F9D1" box="[350,443,1553,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-199@54.[151,1435,584,1204]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 110. Distribution map of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. (squares), S. tuberculosa Cresson (triangles), and S. variofacialis Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler (circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210849/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
).—
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FE3CF9F55521F9D1" box="[485,587,1553,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
:
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A617B61FD8CF9F55581F9D1" box="[597,747,1553,1579]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A617B61FD23F9F55424F9D1" box="[762,846,1553,1579]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alaska</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A617B61FF1EF9D15211F96D" blockId="50.[151,1437,1337,1976]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Etymology.—The species epithet,
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FD96F9D155C0F9B5" box="[591,682,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FD96F9D155CCF9B5" authorityName="Zatwarnicki &amp; Mathis USNM" authorityYear="2024" box="[591,678,1589,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolwigi">bolwigi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
is genitive patronym to honor Dr. Niels Bolwig (
<date id="FFC610613A617B61FB3BF9D15218F9B5" box="[1250,1394,1589,1615]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1911-09-26">26 Sep 1911</date>
–
<date id="FFC610613A617B61FA5BF9D1566FF989" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2004-09-10">10 Sep 2004</date>
), who was a Danish zoologist, behavioral biologist, entomologist, lecturer, and professor Dr. N. Bolwig published three papers on the biology and natural history of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FCE3F9995349F96D" box="[826,1059,1661,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FCE3F9995349F96D" box="[826,1059,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Scatophila unicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A617B61FBE8F99953BEF96D" author="Bolwig, N." box="[1073,1236,1661,1687]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="129 - 137" refId="ref69079" refString="Bolwig, N. (1940 a) The description of Scatophila unicornis Czerny, 1900 (Ephydridae, Diptera). The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, 9, 129 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1940. tb 00363. x" type="journal article" year="1940">Bolwig 1940a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A617B61FB06F999524DF96D" author="Bolwig, N." box="[1247,1319,1661,1687]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref69139" refString="Bolwig, N. (1940 b) The reproductive organs of Scatophila unicornis Czerny (Diptera). The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, 15, 97 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1940. tb 00577. x" type="journal article" year="1940">1940b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A617B61FAEAF9995205F96D" author="Bolwig, N." box="[1331,1391,1661,1687]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref69196" refString="Bolwig, N. (1941) The head of Scatophila unicornis Czerny (Diptera). The Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, 16 (1 - 3), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1941. tb 01213. x" type="journal article" year="1941">1941</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A617B61FF1EF94552FEF869" blockId="50.[151,1437,1337,1976]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Remarks.—
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A617B61FE94F945559EF941" author="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R." box="[333,756,1697,1724]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref70834" refString="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R. (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 79, 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler (1954: 200)</bibRefCitation>
noted that “the mesonotal glossiness is scarcely evident” in specimens from
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A617B61FEACF92156A9F925" box="[373,451,1733,1759]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alaska</collectingRegion>
that they had identified as
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FCDDF92254DDF925" box="[772,951,1733,1760]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FCDDF92254D9F925" box="[772,947,1733,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variofacialis">S. variofacialis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
a new species they were then describing. We concur with their observation and have also discovered that structures of the male terminalia of the Alaskan populations are consistently quite different. These differences include much smaller ventrolateral projections of the epandrium (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A617B61FE95F8D556C8F8B1" box="[332,418,1841,1867]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
), the pentagonal shape of the aedeagus in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A617B61FBF4F8D553E9F8B1" box="[1069,1155,1841,1867]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
), the smaller keel of the phallapodeme in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A617B61FE30F8B15556F895" box="[489,572,1877,1903]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
), and the shape and orientation of the paired postgonites in ventral and lateral views (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A617B61FF31F89D5618F869" box="[232,370,1913,1939]" captionStart="FIGURES 97–99" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1195,1219]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,425,1164]" captionTargetId="figure-153@50.[151,1435,417,1172]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 97–99. Male terminalia of Scatophila bolwigi sp. nov. 97. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 98. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 99. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210841/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs. 98–99</figureCitation>
). Thus, we are recognizing the populations from
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A617B61FC4CF89D5489F869" box="[917,995,1913,1939]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Alaska</collectingRegion>
as a separate and undescribed species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A617B61FF1EF87954FEF842" blockId="50.[151,1437,1337,1976]" box="[199,916,1949,1976]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Like
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FED8F87A56D8F84D" box="[257,434,1949,1976]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A617B61FED8F87A56C7F84D" box="[257,429,1949,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variofacialis">S. variofacialis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
this species is placed in the
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A617B61FD29F879542EF84D" box="[752,836,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">noctula</emphasis>
group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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