339 lines
41 KiB
XML
339 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="97F0796F7EF6859E76B8DF80F1B8AA75" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.614.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8389307" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1695979127173" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2023" docId="03B387DAFFA71F35FF50FBF5FB9F8C7B" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.614.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 614 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.614.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Hemithrinax Hooker 1883" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="91" masterDocId="FF8AFFA2FFFF1F6FFFD8FFB9FFF9881B" masterDocTitle="A revision of Coccothrinax, Hemithrinax, Leucothrinax, Thrinax, and Zombia (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="115" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1696268944350" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:titleInfo id="088CEFF5F6C7B40F24603C1DF2ED53DB">
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<mods:title id="0B653215F9246E8F533936959214DB92">A revision of Coccothrinax, Hemithrinax, Leucothrinax, Thrinax, and Zombia (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4BC2A5540BD25206AFEE480FDB6E6313" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D2C35538768FACBD488866ADD73F801E">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="35B2325D8CADDC9AEABC9C3135614FA5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="41F1B3302A3D22B39F960884BA3C67F0">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="161697EF1353A09D99D828605822CAC6">
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<mods:date id="19CD82E4D6411CAF9DDC81759419549B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="42C6CB9BD48B048FB366DA8B9A6F5E8F">2023-09-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BB7FB3B2531E25D1DE99B7F7313B8249">614</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="466A6BCB2FCCA05C3CC6FD492028AB39">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.614.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6FA0504B13D70DB3625BA3C47AA4C112">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="00D44FB5D10D0FEC6FFBA4E28064AC50" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.614.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="76020B1C8C97038DF2FA5E62B1E54A51" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B387DAFFA71F35FF50FBF5FB9F8C7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B387DAFFA71F35FF50FBF5FB9F8C7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B387DAFFA71F35FF50FBF5FB9F8C7B" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA71F37FF50FBF5FEA58C7D" box="[136,348,1100,1126]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA71F37FF50FBF5FEA58C7D" blockId="88.[136,348,1100,1126]" box="[136,348,1100,1126]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<heading id="D0ED81A0FFA71F37FF50FBF5FEA58C7D" bold="true" box="[136,348,1100,1126]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FF50FBF5FEA58C7D" ID-CoL="8VY69" ID-ENA="292704" authorityName="Hooker" authorityYear="1883" box="[136,348,1100,1126]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FF50FBF5FEA58C7D" bold="true" box="[136,348,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">HEMITHRINAX</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA71F37FF50FB2DFBAE8D9D" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA71F37FF50FB2DFBAE8D9D" blockId="88.[136,1452,1172,1415]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FF50FB2DFEEF8CB5" box="[136,278,1172,1198]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FF50FB2DFEEF8CB5" box="[136,278,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was proposed by Hooker in
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FD85FB2DFC748CB5" author="Bentham, G. & Hooker, J." box="[605,909,1172,1198]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="870 - 948" refId="ref60995" refString="Bentham, G. & Hooker, J. (1883) Genera plantarum. Volume 3, part 2. L. Reeve & Co., London, pp. 870 - 948." type="book chapter" year="1883">Bentham & Hooker (1883)</bibRefCitation>
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to accommodate a Cuban species that had been described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FEFBFB01FE118CC9" author="Grisebach, A." box="[291,488,1208,1234]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref61997" refString="Grisebach, A. (1866) Catalogus plantarum cubensium. Apud Guilielmum Engelmann, Lipsiae, 301 pp." type="book" year="1866">Grisebach (1866)</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FDCBFB01FD028CC9" box="[531,763,1208,1234]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FDCBFB01FD028CC9" box="[531,763,1208,1234]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Trithrinax compacta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Subsequently two other species were described, both from
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<collectingCountry id="F30D765CFFA71F37FF50FB65FF3E8CED" box="[136,199,1244,1270]" name="Cuba" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FF0AFB65FE108CED" author="Muniz, O. & Borhidi, A." box="[210,489,1244,1270]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="309 - 345" refId="ref63579" refString="Muniz, O. & Borhidi, A. (1982) Catologo de las Palmas de Cuba. Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 28: 309 - 345." type="journal article" year="1982">Muñiz & Borhidi (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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divided the genus into two sections,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FC57FB64FBDF8CED" box="[911,1062,1245,1270]" pageId="88" pageNumber="114" rank="section" section="Macrocarpae">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FC57FB64FBDF8CED" box="[911,1062,1245,1270]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Macrocarpae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FB86FB65FB158CED" box="[1118,1260,1244,1270]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FB86FB65FB158CED" box="[1118,1260,1244,1270]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FA87FB65FF2B8D01" author="Leon" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="379 - 383" refId="ref62775" refString="Leon (1941) Contribucion al estudio de las palmas de Cuba. V. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural " Felipe Poey " 15: 379 - 383." type="journal article" year="1941">León’s (1941)</bibRefCitation>
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earlier work.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FEABFAB9FD728D00" author="Borhidi, A. & Muniz, O." box="[371,651,1280,1307]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="225 - 230" refId="ref61125" refString="Borhidi, A. & Muniz, O. (1985) Adiciones al catalogo de las palmas de Cuba. Acta Botanica Hungarica 31: 225 - 230." type="journal article" year="1985">Borhidi & Muñiz (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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classified
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FCDDFAB9FC6A8D01" box="[773,915,1280,1306]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FCDDFAB9FC6A8D01" box="[773,915,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a subgenus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FB87FAB9FB418D01" authorityName="Linnaeus f. ex Swartz" authorityYear="1788" box="[1119,1208,1280,1306]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Thrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FB87FAB9FB418D01" box="[1119,1208,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Thrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, molecular data has shown that
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FEA0FA9DFDFF8D25" box="[376,518,1316,1342]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FEA0FA9DFDFF8D25" box="[376,518,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is probably more closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FC75FA9DFBBB8D25" authorityName="Lewis & Zona" authorityYear="2008" box="[941,1090,1316,1342]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Leucothrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FC75FA9DFBBB8D25" box="[941,1090,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Leucothrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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than to
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FB7FFA9DFAF98D25" authorityName="Linnaeus f. ex Swartz" authorityYear="1788" box="[1191,1280,1316,1342]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Thrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FB7FFA9DFAF98D25" box="[1191,1280,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Thrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and should be recognized at the generic level (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FE2FFAF1FD0A8D79" author="Asmussen, C. & Dransfield, J. & Deickmann, V. & Barfod, A. & Pintaud, J. - C. & Baker, W." box="[503,755,1352,1378]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="15 - 38" refId="ref60616" refString="Asmussen, C., Dransfield, J., Deickmann, V., Barfod, A., Pintaud, J. - C. & Baker, W. (2006) A new subfamily classification of the palm family (Arecaceae): evidence from plastid DNA phylogeny. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 151: 15 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.2006.00521. x" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Asmussen
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FDADFAF0FD498D79" box="[629,688,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FCD9FAF1FC128D79" author="Lewis, C. & Zona, S." box="[769,1003,1352,1379]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="84 - 88" refId="ref62808" refString="Lewis, C. & Zona, S. (2008) Leucothrinax morrisii, a new name for a familiar Caribbean palm. Palms 52: 84 - 88." type="journal article" year="2008">Lewis & Zona 2008</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FC20FAF1FB378D79" author="Roncal, J. & Zona, S. & Lewis, C." box="[1016,1230,1352,1378]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="78 - 102" refId="ref64525" refString="Roncal, J., Zona, S. & Lewis, C. (2008) Molecular phylogenetic studies of Caribbean palms (Arecaceae) and their relationships to biogeography and conservation. Botanical Review 74: 78 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12229 - 008 - 9005 - 9" type="journal article" year="2008">
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Roncal
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FB88FAF0FB728D79" box="[1104,1163,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
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2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FB04FAF1FA598D79" author="Cano, A. & Bacon, C. & Stauffer, F. & Antonelli, A. & Serrano-Serrano, M. & Perret, M." box="[1244,1440,1352,1378]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref61331" refString="Cano, A., Bacon, C., Stauffer, F., Antonelli, A., Serrano-Serrano, M. & Perret, M. (2018). The roles of dispersal and mass extinction in shaping palm diversity across the Caribbean. Journal of Biogeography 2018: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jbi. 13225" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Cano
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FAF8FAF0FAA38D79" box="[1312,1370,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FF50FAD4FEE28D9D" author="Moya, C." box="[136,283,1388,1415]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref63220" refString="Moya, C. (2019) Lista de palmas Cubanas. I. Hemithrinax, Leucothrinax y Thrinax. Acta Botanica Cubana 218: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2019">Moya (2019)</bibRefCitation>
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has given a detailed account of the nomenclature of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FCB2FAD5FBAE8D9D" box="[874,1111,1388,1414]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FCB2FAD5FC018D9D" box="[874,1016,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
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species.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA71F35FF50FA55FB9F8C7B" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA71F37FF50FA55FEDA8E1D" blockId="88.[136,291,1516,1542]" box="[136,291,1516,1542]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FF50FA55FEDA8E1D" bold="true" box="[136,291,1516,1542]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Morphology</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA71F37FF50F98CFF098EA1" blockId="88.[136,1452,1588,2083]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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||
In the following discussion, morphology is treated in detail and several attributes of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FBFFF98DFB4C8E55" box="[1063,1205,1588,1614]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FBFFF98DFB4C8E55" box="[1063,1205,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
not used in delimiting species are discussed. A detailed generic description can be found in
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FC49F9E1FB648E69" author="Dransfield, J. & Uhl, N. & Asmussen, C. & Baker, W. & Harley, M. & Lewis, C." box="[913,1181,1624,1650]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref61780" refString="Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. (2008) Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London, U. K., 732 pp." type="book" year="2008">
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||
Dransfield
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FBD7F9E0FBB18E69" box="[1039,1096,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2008)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
. In complete contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FF50F9C5FED98E8D" authorityName="Sargent" authorityYear="1899" box="[136,288,1660,1686]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Coccothrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FF50F9C5FED98E8D" box="[136,288,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Coccothrinax</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FEF6F9C5FE458E8D" box="[302,444,1660,1686]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FEF6F9C5FE458E8D" box="[302,444,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is remarkable for the distinctiveness of the species and the great amount of morphological diversity.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA71F37FF65F97DFED38F3C" blockId="88.[136,1452,1588,2083]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
There are very few records for stem length and diameter.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA71F37FCE4F97DFC3E8EC5" author="Craft, P." box="[828,967,1732,1758]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref61560" refString="Craft, P. (2017) The Palms of Cuba. Palm Nut Pages, Florida, 232 pp." type="book" year="2017">Craft (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that the stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FB37F97CFA878EC5" box="[1263,1406,1733,1758]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FB37F97CFA878EC5" box="[1263,1406,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">H. compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can reach
|
||
<quantity id="4CE29B29FFA71F37FF13F951FEFD8F18" box="[203,260,1768,1795]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
tall and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE29B29FFA71F37FEBCF951FE518F18" box="[356,424,1768,1795]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
diameter while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FD64F950FCC78F19" box="[700,830,1768,1794]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FD64F950FCC78F19" box="[700,830,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are sometimes short and subterranean. All species have solitary stems.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA71F37FF65F889FB778FAD" blockId="88.[136,1452,1588,2083]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Leaf sheaths of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FEACF889FDFB8F51" box="[372,514,1840,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FEACF889FDFB8F51" box="[372,514,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are split at the base. Leaf sheath fibers are scored as three states. Fibers are stout, woo dy, and separate into long, single, curled fibers (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FD04F8ECFC808F75" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[732,889,1876,1902]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FD04F8ECFC808F75" box="[732,889,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">H. ekmaniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); or they are wiry and separate into curled, multi-fiber strands (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FEFAF8C0FE5A8F89" box="[290,419,1912,1938]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FEFAF8C0FE5A8F89" box="[290,419,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); or leaf sheaths are not fibrous or have a few, single fibers along the margins (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FAD5F8C0FA628F89" box="[1293,1435,1913,1938]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FAD5F8C0FA628F89" box="[1293,1435,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">H. compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Leaf sheath apices are seldom present on specimens and thus this variable is seldom scored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA71F35FF65F879FC8689C2" blockId="88.[136,1452,1588,2083]" lastBlockId="90.[136,1452,158,1121]" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Petioles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FE9AF878FE1B8FC1" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[322,482,1984,2010]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FE9AF878FE1B8FC1" box="[322,482,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">H. ekmaniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are relatively short so that the leaves appear crowded together in a compact crown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A49FFA71F37FF48F85DFF038FE5" box="[144,250,2020,2046]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="89.[136,229,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-16@89.[150,1434,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 19. Hemithrinax ekmaniana. A. Habit, with solitary stem. B. Leaf segments with interfold filaments. C. Middle leaf segment apices blunt and rounded. D. Seeds in longitudinal section intruded by the hilum from base to about half way, the apex of the intrusion rounded." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8389427/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
), giving it a quite different appearance from the other species. At the apex of the petiole, and base of the blade, there is a well-developed adaxial hastula and a much less developed abaxial hastula. Pulvini in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA71F37FB2DF7B1FA7A8039" box="[1269,1411,2056,2082]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA71F37FB2DF7B1FA7A8039" box="[1269,1411,2056,2082]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unusual; they have elongate, interfold filaments attached adaxially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A49FFA51F35FC59FF27FC1E88A3" box="[897,999,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="89.[136,229,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-16@89.[150,1434,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 19. Hemithrinax ekmaniana. A. Habit, with solitary stem. B. Leaf segments with interfold filaments. C. Middle leaf segment apices blunt and rounded. D. Seeds in longitudinal section intruded by the hilum from base to about half way, the apex of the intrusion rounded." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8389427/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
|
||
). These may always be present but soon fall or are broken off, and possibly are somewhat shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FCE2FF7AFC4788C7" box="[826,958,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FCE2FF7AFC4788C7" box="[826,958,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Leaf blade segments of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FB39FF7AFA7988C7" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[1249,1408,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FB39FF7AFA7988C7" box="[1249,1408,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. ekmaniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are considerably shorter than the other two species, and the apices of the middle leaf segment apices are blunt and rounded and only briefly splitting (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A49FFA51F35FE76FEB3FDEC893F" box="[430,533,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="89.[136,229,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-16@89.[150,1434,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 19. Hemithrinax ekmaniana. A. Habit, with solitary stem. B. Leaf segments with interfold filaments. C. Middle leaf segment apices blunt and rounded. D. Seeds in longitudinal section intruded by the hilum from base to about half way, the apex of the intrusion rounded." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8389427/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Fig. 19C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The leaves of the other two species are considerably larger and the segments are attenuate at the apex and more deeply split. Abaxially, leaf segments are without indumentum but have close rows of small, whitish dots between the veins together with fewer, larger, scattered brownish or greenish scales. This is the same as that seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FE78FECFFDCC898B" authorityName="Lewis & Zona" authorityYear="2008" box="[416,565,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Leucothrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FE78FECFFDCC898B" box="[416,565,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Leucothrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Transverse veinlets are inconsistent.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FC3FFECFFB01898B" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[999,1272,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FC3FFECFFB01898B" box="[999,1272,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Hemithrinax ekmaniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to lack transverse veinlets and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FE55FE22FDE589AF" box="[397,540,411,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FE55FE22FDE589AF" box="[397,540,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FD8AFE22FD2A89AF" box="[594,723,410,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FD8AFE22FD2A89AF" box="[594,723,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
either have or do not have them.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA51F35FB91FE22FB2A89AF" author="Zona, S." box="[1097,1235,410,437]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" pagination="10 - 11" refId="ref65215" refString="Zona, S. (2021) Hemithrinax rivularis the shiniest palm. The Palm Journal 221: 10 - 11." type="journal article" year="2021">Zona (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
has commented on the glossy sheen on the adaxial surface of the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FD2DFE06FC8189C3" box="[757,888,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FD2DFE06FC8189C3" box="[757,888,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF656644FFA61F36FF50F8C4FF278FC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389427" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8389427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8389427/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" startId="89.[136,229,1917,1939]" targetBox="[151,1433,194,1891]" targetPageId="89" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA61F36FF50F8C4FF278FC0" blockId="89.[136,1451,1917,2011]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA61F36FF50F8C4FEFD8F89" bold="true" box="[136,260,1917,1939]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">FIGURE 19</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA61F36FEC9F8C4FDFB8F89" box="[273,514,1917,1938]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA61F36FEC9F8C4FE068F89" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[273,511,1917,1938]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">Hemithrinax ekmaniana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA61F36FDD0F8C4FDD98F89" bold="true" box="[520,544,1917,1938]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Habit, with solitary stem.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA61F36FCFCF8C4FCCD8F89" bold="true" box="[804,820,1917,1938]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Leaf segments with interfold filaments.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA61F36FB1EF8C4FB2E8F88" bold="true" box="[1222,1239,1917,1939]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Middle leaf segment apices blunt and rounded.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA61F36FE51F818FE638FAD" bold="true" box="[393,410,1953,1974]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Seeds in longitudinal section intruded by the hilum from base to about half way, the apex of the intrusion rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA51F35FF65FE5BFABF8B7F" blockId="90.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
|
||
Inflorescences are remarkably diverse. They are scored as erect, at least initially, above the leaves, with few to numerous partial inflorescences (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FDDBFDBEFD718A3B" box="[515,648,518,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FDDBFDBEFD718A3B" box="[515,648,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); or erect above the leaves, with few partial inflorescences at apex of the inflorescence (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FE83FD92FE028A5F" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[347,507,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FE83FD92FE028A5F" box="[347,507,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. ekmaniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A49FFA51F35FDD3FD93FD8D8A5F" box="[523,628,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="89.[136,229,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-16@89.[150,1434,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 19. Hemithrinax ekmaniana. A. Habit, with solitary stem. B. Leaf segments with interfold filaments. C. Middle leaf segment apices blunt and rounded. D. Seeds in longitudinal section intruded by the hilum from base to about half way, the apex of the intrusion rounded." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8389427/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
); or compact amongst leaf sheath bases (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FB96FD92FB198A5F" box="[1102,1248,555,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FB96FD92FB198A5F" box="[1102,1248,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This contrast in inflorescences in closely related taxa is quite common in palms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA51F35FC93FDF7FBF08A73" author="Henderson, A." box="[843,1033,590,616]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" refId="ref62076" refString="Henderson, A. (2002) Evolution and ecology of palms. New York Botanical Garden Press, 259 pp." type="book" year="2002">Henderson 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are 3–9 partial inflorescences.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FF50FDCBFE738A97" box="[136,394,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FF50FDCBFE738A97" box="[136,394,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Hemithrinax compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has swollen, woody rachis bracts. In the other two species they are tubular, closely sheathing, membranous, and brown tomentose. Rachises of the partial inflorescences are flattened in cross-section, markedly so in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FF7CFD02FECB8ACF" box="[164,306,699,724]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FF7CFD02FECB8ACF" box="[164,306,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and rachillae are unevenly spaced, with some in groups. Rachillae are glabrous at or near anthesis. The pedicels are so short that the bracteoles appear to directly subtend the flowers. Flowers are spirally arranged along the rachillae. The perianth consists of a six-lobed cupule. The 6–8 stamens are short and form a compact ring around the gynoecium at anthesis, and the anthers are extrorse. This is quite a different arrangement from the other four genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FF69FCF3FEF38B7F" authorityName="Linnaeus f. ex Swartz" authorityYear="1788" box="[177,266,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Thrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FF69FCF3FEF38B7F" box="[177,266,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Thrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
unit; these have elongate stamens that spread irregularly at anthesis, and the anthers are latrorse.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA51F35FF30FCD7FDF98C03" blockId="90.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
|
||
Fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FE8CFCD7FE1B8B93" box="[340,482,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FE8CFCD7FE1B8B93" box="[340,482,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unusually variable in size. Fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FC6EFCD6FBB18B93" box="[950,1096,879,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FC6EFCD6FBB18B93" box="[950,1096,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FB5BFCD6FADA8B93" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[1155,1315,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FB5BFCD6FADA8B93" box="[1155,1315,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. ekmaniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are 5.0–6.0 mm long, while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FE7DFC2AFDD18BB7" box="[421,552,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FE7DFC2AFDD18BB7" box="[421,552,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are almost three times the size, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CE29B29FFA51F35FC6CFC2BFBE08BB6" box="[948,1049,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="14.3">14.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Based on fruit size,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA51F35FA9DFC2BFED78BCB" author="Muniz, O. & Borhidi, A." pageId="90" pageNumber="91" pagination="309 - 345" refId="ref63579" refString="Muniz, O. & Borhidi, A. (1982) Catologo de las Palmas de Cuba. Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 28: 309 - 345." type="journal article" year="1982">Muñiz & Borhidi (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
divided the genus into two sections—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FD0FFC0FFC9C8BCB" box="[727,869,950,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FD0FFC0FFC9C8BCB" box="[727,869,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Hemithrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FCACFC0EFB528BCB" box="[884,1195,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FCACFC0EFBFC8BCB" box="[884,1029,951,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">H. compacta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FBD7FC0EFB528BCB" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1929" box="[1039,1195,950,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ekmaniana">H. ekmaniana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FB31FC0EFA798BCB" box="[1257,1408,951,976]" pageId="90" pageNumber="114" rank="section" section="Macrocarpae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FB31FC0EFA798BCB" box="[1257,1408,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Macrocarpae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FA48FC0EFF118BEF" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FA48FC0EFF118BEF" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">H. rivularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Fruits are recorded as yellowish (although fruit color is seldom recorded) and the surfaces are smooth or sometimes with projecting fibers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA51F35FF65FB9BFB9F8C7B" blockId="90.[136,1452,158,1121]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
|
||
Seed surfaces are smooth or shallowly lobed. In longitudinal section seeds are intruded by the hilum from base to about half way (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13212A49FFA51F35FEE6FBFFFE5D8C7B" box="[318,420,1094,1120]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="89.[136,229,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,194,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-16@89.[150,1434,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 19. Hemithrinax ekmaniana. A. Habit, with solitary stem. B. Leaf segments with interfold filaments. C. Middle leaf segment apices blunt and rounded. D. Seeds in longitudinal section intruded by the hilum from base to about half way, the apex of the intrusion rounded." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8389427/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Fig. 19D</figureCitation>
|
||
) (as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA51F35FE2FFBFFFD758C7B" authorityName="Lewis & Zona" authorityYear="2008" box="[503,652,1094,1120]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Leucothrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA51F35FE2FFBFFFD758C7B" box="[503,652,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Leucothrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Embryos are subapical to almost lateral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |