1217 lines
87 KiB
XML
1217 lines
87 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864" ID-PMC="PMC4956916" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-64-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF986A234A327324FFD9B756FF91FFB9" ID-PubMed="27489483" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576339" ModsDocID="1314-2003-64-1" checkinTime="1465845097482" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hensold, Nancy" docDate="2016" docId="EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 64: 1-57" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 64" docPubDate="2016-06-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864" docTitle="Paepalanthus dendroides (Kunth in H. B. K.) Kunth" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FF986A234A327324FFD9B756FF91FFB9" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FF986A234A327324FFD9B756FF91FFB9" masterDocTitle="The Andean Paepalanthus pilosus complex (Eriocaulaceae): a revision with three new taxa" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1668141705855" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>The Andean Paepalanthus pilosus complex (Eriocaulaceae): a revision with three new taxa</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
|
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hensold, Nancy</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation>Keller Science Action Center, The Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605 - 2496, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
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<mods:number>2016-06-13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>64</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>57</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
|
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-64-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF986A234A327324FFD9B756FF91FFB9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576339</mods:identifier>
|
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</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227047" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
2.
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="EFC915B0-125E-55C0-97B9-2C3677B21F06" authority="(Kunth in H. B. K.) Kunth" authorityName="(Kunth in H. B. K.) Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">Paepalanthus dendroides (Kunth in H.B.K.) Kunth</taxonomicName>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Capitula and leaf tips of Paepalanthus pilosus and relatives A-E Fruiting capitula with diaspores; sepals detaching (A, D) or intact (C, E) A Paepalanthus dendroides B-C Paepalanthus caryonauta D Paepalanthus pilosus var. pilosus E Paepalanthus lodiculoides F-J Paepalanthus pilosus var. pilosus, involucral bract variation. Arrows = tips of the torn peduncle sheath. (A Davidse 28991 B Barclay 5176, Ecuador C Dudley 11060, Peru D Cuatrecasas 25574 E Ollgaard 9717 F Cuatrecasas 25882 G Cuatrecasas 5553 H Ollgaard 9557 I Cano 16840 J Jorgensen 2366.)" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/92244" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vascular bundle morphology, adaxial side up. A Paepalanthus caryonauta B Paepalanthus pilosus var. pilosus C-E Paepalanthus dendroides F Paepalanthus huancabambensis midvein, with bundle sheath extensions. (A Valenzuela 8117 B Barbour 3427 C Leon 2683 D-E Leon 2243. F: Sagastegui 16799 D-F Mesophyll darkened for contrast.)" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/92245" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">, 3C-E</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Paepalanthus dendroides. A-C Habit (A Nunez 7773 B Cuatrecasas 23654 C Davidse 28991) D-F Pistillate flower in fruit (Pennell 13866) D Whole flower E Diaspore with two sepals removed F Seeds G Gynoecium of young fruit (Luteyn 10737)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/92249" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">Paepalanthus</pageBreakToken>
|
||
dendroides
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Kunth in H.B.K.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 507. 1841.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriocaulon dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">Eriocaulon dendroides</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 251, t. 59, fig. 2. 1815 [1816]. Type: Colombia. Cundinamarca: "Crescit in frigidis montanae planitiei Bogotensis inter Suba et Suacha, alt. 1340 hex.," Jul 1801,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bonpland & Humboldt s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, here designated: B [B 10 0243900]; syntypes: B [B-W 2366], HAL [HAL 0109752], P [P01762723]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moldenke" authorityYear="1949" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus barkleyi" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barkleyi">Paepalanthus barkleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 114. 1949.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
Type: Colombia. Antioquia: 1 km N of Santa Rosa de Osos, 2600 m, 25 Sep 1948,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. Posada S.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M. Torregrosa & F. Barkley 18A100</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: NY; isotypes: COL [COL000006903], CORD [CORD00002162], LIL [LIL000143], US [US00088317]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus karstenii subsp. var. var. corei" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="karstenii" subSpecies="var." variety="corei">Paepalanthus karstenii var. corei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Moldenke, Phytologia 29: 386. 1975.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
Type: Colombia. Cauca: Above Purace, 11,000 ft, 19 Feb 1944,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">E. L. Core 272a</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: NY; isotypes: W n.v., WVA n.v.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" form="corei" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus karstenii subsp. f." order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="form" species="karstenii" subSpecies="f.">Paepalanthus karstenii f. corei</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Moldenke) Moldenke. Phytologia 45: 296. 1980.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
Type: Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus karstenii subsp. var. var. corei" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="karstenii" subSpecies="var." variety="corei">Paepalanthus karstenii var. corei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Moldenke.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriocaulon dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eriocaulon dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kunth in H.B.K.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Plants terrestrial or partly submerged, forming densely leafy cushions or mats reported up to 30 cm in diameter (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fassett 25929</emphasis>
|
||
), the erect branchlets ca. 1-5 cm.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
linear-subulate, 9-22 mm long
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.85-1.6 mm wide, tip cuspidate-acute, persistently pilose to hirsutulous adaxially with white roughened hairs, sometimes nearly glabrous (Peru, Cajamarca and Pasco), mostly eciliate, consistently paler green than
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">Paepalanthus</pageBreakToken>
|
||
caryonauta
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with veins slightly salient below.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Peduncles</emphasis>
|
||
20-130 mm long, pale, rigidulous (Peru) or often soft and compressible and then noticeably constricted at apex when dry, glabrous except for an apical collar of sericeous appressed hairs; peduncle sheaths 13-23 mm long, tightly enclosing the peduncle, equaling or scarcely exsert from leaf mat, tufted at apex otherwise mostly glabrous.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Capitula</emphasis>
|
||
3.5-5 mm wide. Involucral bracts about equaling flowers, ovate, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the outer bracts more hyaline, paler, sometimes uniformly gold and glabrous except at margins. Trichomes of bract and sepal apices obtuse to clavate, strongly tuberculate. Flowers ca. 12-17 per capitulum, pistillate peripheral, the staminate equaling to subequaling the pistillate in number.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
: Pedicels ca. 0.25-0.45 mm long, fine, not thickened at maturity.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sepals</emphasis>
|
||
obovate-spatulate, 1.15-1.85 mm long
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.65-0.85 mm wide, 0.15-0.25 mm wide at base, blackish-brown, short-ciliate along upper margin and bearded with longer appressed hairs on upper dorsum, the basal half of the midrib hygroscopically thickened, and spadiceous-brown in fruit, the broad distal half of the sepal remaining chartaceous, suberect, detaching from diaspore upon dispersal.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Petals</emphasis>
|
||
broadly spatulate, 1.15-1.75 mm long, 0.55-1.0 mm wide, ca. 1.6-2.3 times longer than wide, cream-colored and densely long-pilose with tuberculate trichomes on the abaxial surface flanking the midvein, not thickening, dispersed with fruit.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gynoecium</emphasis>
|
||
with style base 0.15-0.25 mm long, the nectaries 0.55-0.7 (-0.85) mm long, the glandular portion colorless to pale pink to red- or yellow-brown, penicillate, slightly curved after anthesis, the apical ring of papillae colorless (white), thin- to thick-walled; styles 0.75-0.9 mm, mostly thinner and less pigmented than in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Seeds 0.6-0.75 mm long, orange-brown, the pseudotrichomes weak, erect upon wetting but collapsing soon after (few seeds observed).
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
: Pedicels (0.35-) 0.4-0.6 mm long, fine, membranous, nearly glabrous.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sepals</emphasis>
|
||
1.1-1.9 mm long
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.35-0.5 mm wide, narrowed to base and very shallowly fused or if fused up to half the sepal length, not thickening, the calyx base not obconic at maturity, color and pubescence as in pistillate flowers.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Corolla</emphasis>
|
||
(1.0-) 1.4-1.7 (-1.95) mm long; the anthophore alone (0.35-) 0.55-0.95 mm long, comprising ca. 40-60% of the corolla length, membranous and ca. 0.1-0.2 mm in diameter at base, 0.3 mm at apex, the lobed tube (0.55-) 0.65-0.9 (-1.0) mm long. Filaments often unpigmented, slightly less exsert than in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the base of the anther rarely exsert more than 0.3 mm beyond lobe tips. Nectaries well-included within tube, usually only half-equaling the sinuses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
In Central America, flowering from March to April, in the dry season, and from August to September, the wet season, punctuated by a short dry period or
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">veranillo</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Grayum, MH" editor="Hammel, BE" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="51 - 90" refId="B18" refString="Grayum, MH, Hammel, BE, Zamora, N, 2004. El ambiente fisico / The physical environment. In: Hammel, BE, Grayum, MH, Herrera, C, Zamora, N, Eds., Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol. I. Introduccion. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 97: 51 - 90" title="El ambiente fisico / The physical environment." volume="97" volumeTitle="Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol. I. Introduccion." year="2004">Grayum et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Antioquia, Colombia, collected mostly in rainy season from April to September. Elsewhere in Colombia, from July to February. In Peru, collected in anthesis from January to May (Cuzco, Pasco; wet season), and in August (Cajamarca, Huanuco; dry season); in post-anthesis from March to November.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Costa Rica (Cerro de Talamanca):
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Puntarenas. Panama: Bocas del Toro. Colombia (Central and Eastern Cordilleras): Antioquia,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
D.C.,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Cauca, Cundinamarca,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nariño">Narino</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Santander, Norte de Santander. Peru: Cajamarca, Cuzco,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Pasco, Puno. Brazil (Pico da Neblina): Amazonas. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution of Paepalanthus dendroides, Paepalanthus huancabambensis, and Paepalanthus lodiculoides." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.64.6864.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/92250" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Habitat</pageBreakToken>
|
||
and ecology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
A terrestrial or partly submerged aquatic, in open marshy subparamo, low paramo or cloud forest margins, in bogs, wet meadows, seeps, commonly associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Bryopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sphagnum" order="Sphagnales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sphagnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or tussock grasses, sometimes shrubs or
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pteridopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Blechnum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Blechnum" order="Filicales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Blechnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Elevation mostly 2300-3200 m, but as low as 1900 m in Antioquia, and up to 3800 m in Cuzco (Abra Acjanaco), Peru. In the high elevation Cuzco plants seed production does not appear abundant, abortive flowers are common, and smut fungus infection is observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The conservation status of this widespread species is presumed to be of Least Concern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee" journalOrPublisher="Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B24" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2014. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf [on 20 July 2015]" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2014">IUCN 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However it may have recently disappeared from the disturbed paramos near
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
, where it
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="hasn’t">hasn't</normalizedToken>
|
||
been collected since 1917. Its lower elevation of occurrence and semi-aquatic habit may make it more vulnerable than its relatives to habitat loss due to disturbance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="taxonomic history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was initially described by Kunth and later
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koernicke, F" journalOrPublisher="Flora Brasiliensis" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="274 - 507" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9652page/3/mode/1up" refId="B27" refString="Koernicke, F, 1863. Eriocaulaceae. Flora Brasiliensis 3 (1/2): 274 - 507, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9652page/3/mode/1up" title="Eriocaulaceae." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9652page/3/mode/1up" volume="3" year="1863">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Körnicke">Koernicke</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1863)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as having unbranched stems with leaves clustered toward the apex and peduncles
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“umbellate”">"umbellate"</normalizedToken>
|
||
or in terminal fascicles, a misinterpretation likely due to the small size of the specimens. In addition, Kunth described both
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having bifid stigmas; his sketch of the gynoecium of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is mounted on the lectotype sheet. The published plate shows only 3 bifid stigmas, while the sketch shows three presumed filiform
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“appendages,”">"appendages,"</normalizedToken>
|
||
alternating with three thick shallowly bifid
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“stigmas.”">"stigmas."</normalizedToken>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koernicke, F" journalOrPublisher="Flora Brasiliensis" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="274 - 507" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9652page/3/mode/1up" refId="B27" refString="Koernicke, F, 1863. Eriocaulaceae. Flora Brasiliensis 3 (1/2): 274 - 507, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9652page/3/mode/1up" title="Eriocaulaceae." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9652page/3/mode/1up" volume="3" year="1863">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Körnicke">Koernicke</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1863)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
later corrected the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to "stigmas simple" but accepted without comment the bifid stigmas of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I have only seen a scan of the type, which clearly corresponds to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as here treated, and can only assume Kunth either misinterpreted the gynoecial structure as he had done for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or examined an abnormal flower. There are no species in this alliance or among any Andean
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of similar habit, which have normally bifid stigmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was placed in synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ruhland, W" journalOrPublisher="Das Pflanzenreich IV." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 294" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/68177page/7/mode/1up" refId="B56" refString="Ruhland, W, 1903. . Das Pflanzenreich IV. 30 (Heft 13): 1 - 294, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/68177page/7/mode/1up" url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/68177page/7/mode/1up" volume="30" year="1903">Ruhland (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but the specialist Harold Moldenke (fl. 1930's-1980's) generally distinguished the two species in his annotation work, misapplying the name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and to lax long-pedunculate specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while using the name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus karstenii" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karstenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus karstenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for most material of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (See detailed discussion under
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.) The name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was removed from synonymy and its identity clarified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hensold, N" editor="Hammel, BE" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="569 - 575" refId="B22" refString="Hensold, N, Hammel, BE, 2003. Eriocaulaceae. In: Hammel, BE, Grayum, MH, Herrera, C, Zamora, N, Eds., Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. II. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 92: 569 - 575" title="Eriocaulaceae." volume="92" volumeTitle="Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. II." year="2003">Hensold and Hammel (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but is still commonly used for long-pedunculate plants of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Madrinan, S" journalOrPublisher="Laboratorio de Botanica & Sistematica, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" publicationUrl="https://chingaza.uniandes.edu.co/FIC/" refId="B34" refString="Madrinan, S, Zapata, F, 2001. Flora Ilustrada del Paramo de Chingaza, Colombia. Laboratorio de Botanica & Sistematica, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, https://chingaza.uniandes.edu.co/FIC/ [on 8 June 2014]" title="Flora Ilustrada del Paramo de Chingaza, Colombia" url="https://chingaza.uniandes.edu.co/FIC/" year="2001">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Madriñán">Madrinan</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Zapata 2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="misapplied name">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Misapplied name.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ruhland, W" journalOrPublisher="Das Pflanzenreich IV." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 294" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/68177page/7/mode/1up" refId="B56" refString="Ruhland, W, 1903. . Das Pflanzenreich IV. 30 (Heft 13): 1 - 294, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/68177page/7/mode/1up" url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/68177page/7/mode/1up" volume="30" year="1903">Ruhland (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in part,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Moldenke, HN" journalOrPublisher="Phytologia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="200 - 208" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47070page/216/mode/1up" refId="B38" refString="Moldenke, HN, 1953. Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. IX. Phytologia 4: 200 - 208, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47070page/216/mode/1up" title="Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. IX." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47070page/216/mode/1up" volume="4" year="1953">Moldenke (1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Moldenke, HN" journalOrPublisher="Phytologia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="251 - 280" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48964page/265/mode/1up" refId="B41" refString="Moldenke, HN, 1975c. Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. LV. Phytologia 30: 251 - 280, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48964page/265/mode/1up" title="Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. LV." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48964page/265/mode/1up" volume="30" year="1975 c">1975c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Moldenke, HN" journalOrPublisher="Phytologia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="29 - 44" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46978page/37/mode/1up" refId="B43" refString="Moldenke, HN, 1979. Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. LXXXIII. Phytologia 42: 29 - 44, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46978page/37/mode/1up" title="Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. LXXXIII." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46978page/37/mode/1up" volume="42" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Moldenke, HN" journalOrPublisher="Phytologia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="434 - 459" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.part.14430" refId="B44" refString="Moldenke, HN, 1983. Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. XCIV. Phytologia 54: 434 - 459, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.14430" title="Additional notes on the Eriocaulaceae. XCIV." url="10.5962/bhl.part.14430" volume="54" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in part,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brako, L" editor="Brako, L" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="425 - 426" refId="B6" refString="Brako, L, Hensold, N, 1993. Eriocaulaceae. In: Brako, L, Zarucchi, J, Eds., Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: 425 - 426" title="Eriocaulaceae." volume="45" volumeTitle="Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru." year="1993">Brako and Hensold (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in part,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Huft, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Flora Mesoamericana" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="178 - 184" refId="B23" refString="Huft, MJ, 1994. . Flora Mesoamericana 6: 178 - 184" volume="6" year="1994">Huft (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Santa Cruz, L" journalOrPublisher="Univ. Nac. Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="B58" refString="Santa Cruz, L, 2011. Flora de espermatofitas del distrito de Pulan, Santa Cruz, Cajamarca. Univ. Nac. Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru" title="Flora de espermatofitas del distrito de Pulan, Santa Cruz, Cajamarca" year="2011">Santa Cruz (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, non (Kunth in H.B.K.) Kunth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a variable species across its range, but may be distinguished from its close relatives by the character syndrome in Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Character comparison of Paepalanthus caryonauta, Paepalanthus dendroides, and Paepalanthus pilosus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B704743A5AF490CE1D399FE51EFC7BF8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" tableUuid="B704743A5AF490CE1D399FE51EFC7BF8">1</tableCitation>
|
||
. The broadly spatulate and densely pilose petals which enfold the diaspore, together with reduced pigmentation of the gynoecia, filaments and seeds, are characteristic. The subaquatic habit and the lower elevation range are distinctive as well. It tends to have a less congested habit and softer leaves than its relatives, but also may form compact, stiff-
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">leaved</pageBreakToken>
|
||
cushions with dwarf peduncles on some sites, as in the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus karstenii subsp. var. var. corei" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="karstenii" subSpecies="var." variety="corei">Paepalanthus karstenii var. corei</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and then floral characters may be important for identification. It should be noted that key characters useful for Costa Rican material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hensold, N" editor="Hammel, BE" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="569 - 575" refId="B22" refString="Hensold, N, Hammel, BE, 2003. Eriocaulaceae. In: Hammel, BE, Grayum, MH, Herrera, C, Zamora, N, Eds., Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. II. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 92: 569 - 575" title="Eriocaulaceae." volume="92" volumeTitle="Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. II." year="2003">Hensold and Hammel 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) do not consistently apply in South America, including the pale-striped sepal midlines, the constricted peduncle apex, and the dorsally glabrous involucral bracts. These characters are variable in Colombia and rare in Peru.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Of the Peruvian collections, those from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Cuzco, and Puno share a similar morphology, with leaves relatively narrow and conspicuously pilose above, the outer involucral bracts dusky gray, and the nectaries somewhat pigmented. Leaf pubescence easily distinguishes these populations from sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In comparison, specimens from Cajamarca and Pasco have broader, glabrous leaves. The Cajamarca collections were examined only from photos, but the plants closely match Colombian
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">material</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and are from a similar habitat and elevation. The Pasco collection (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Vasquez 29038</emphasis>
|
||
) has floral characters somewhat intermediate with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as follows: petals 2.0-2.3(-3.0) times longer than wide; style base 0.4-0.5 mm; nectaries darker, 0.85-0.95 mm long; styles to 1.0 mm long; nectaries of male flowers almost reaching the mouth of the corolla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="evidence of hybridization">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Evidence of hybridization.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
The Pasco, Peru, specimen (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||
29038
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) was collected very near a plant fully intermediate between it and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with abortive locules and stigmas (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Monteagudo 7938</emphasis>
|
||
; full specimen citation under
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Typical
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hensold" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus caryonauta" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caryonauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus caryonauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Monteagudo et al. 16143</emphasis>
|
||
) is recorded 20 km to the east.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
In Colombia, introgression between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is suspected in the disturbed paramos east of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described from near
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
, I have only seen one other typical individual from this vicinity (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pennell 1997</emphasis>
|
||
), collected at Quebrada Chapinero in 1917, the same locality where the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus schultesii" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schultesii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus schultesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was collected in 1941.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently abundant near
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
, but seems particularly variable and with an unusual tendency to long peduncles, lax habit, and variably shaped bracts, suggesting intermediacy with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
discussion). Typical
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently found north of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
, where it is mostly recorded from elevations 500-900 m lower than nearby collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
|
||
, however, typical
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus dendroides" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendroides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus dendroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paepalanthus pilosus" order="Poales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paepalanthus pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are sympatric at the Cerro Fabrega massif, without apparent intermediates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Selected specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
(of 56 total)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-03-23" collectingDateMax="1984-03-26" collectingDateMin="1984-03-23" collectorName="Davidse" country="COSTA RICA" elevation="3000" location="Cerro Kamuk" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limon">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Limon">Limon</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:201990E1D1ED6E3974B8D3917177A09D" country="COSTA RICA" name="Cerro Kamuk" stateProvince="Limon">Cerro Kamuk</location>
|
||
, 9°14'30"-15'30"N, 83°03'30"-04'30"W,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" unit="m" value="3000.0" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="2900.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" unit="m" value="3000.0" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="2900.0">2900-3100 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1984-03-23" valueMax="1984-03-26" valueMin="1984-03-23">23-26 Mar 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Davidse</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 25928
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-09-13" collectorName="Davidse" country="Costa Rica" county="Atlantic" elevation="2575" latitude="9.2" location="Rio Sini" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-82.98333" municipality="Rio Terbi" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty>Atlantic</collectingCounty>
|
||
slope, between
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Rio Terbi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
and
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:05ACBEC9B5374C92DEFF35AF3C591300" country="Costa Rica" county="Atlantic" latitude="9.2" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-82.98333" municipality="Rio Terbi" name="Rio Sini">
|
||
Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Siní">Sini</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
, 9°00'-
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.2">9°12'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 82°58'-
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-82.98333">82°59'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="m" value="2575.0" valueMax="2750.0" valueMin="2400.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="m" value="2575.0" valueMax="2750.0" valueMin="2400.0">2400-2750 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1984-09-13">13 Sep 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Davidse</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 28991
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-03-22" collectorName="Davidse, Herrera" country="Costa Rica" elevation="2950" latitude="9.2" location="Cerro Kasir" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="-83.058334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limon">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Limon">Limon</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:BFEC60796E44AA3CA0145B16F224C27C" country="Costa Rica" latitude="9.2" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="-83.058334" name="Cerro Kasir" stateProvince="Limon">Cerro Kasir</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.2">9°12'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-83.058334">83°03'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" unit="m" value="2950.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" unit="m" value="2950.0">2950 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1984-03-22">22 Mar 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Davidse</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Herrera</collectorName>
|
||
29339
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-03-17" collectorName="Monro, Knapp" country="PANAMA" elevation="3200" latitude="9.094444" location="Fabrega Massif" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-82.884995" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Panama">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: [
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:D06FEDD314A3A82C93157362B2FAF148" country="PANAMA" latitude="9.094444" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-82.884995" name="Fabrega Massif" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">Fabrega Massif</location>
|
||
],
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Cerro Itamut">S of Cerro Itamut</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="9.094444">9°05'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-82.884995">82°53'06"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3200.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2006-03-17">17 Mar 2006</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Monro</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Knapp</collectorName>
|
||
5369
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-01-29" collectorName="Finca El Paramo, Fonnegra" country="COLOMBIA" elevation="3065" location="Mpio. Belmira" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antioquia">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Antioquia">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:876ED74EC1CB451F51EED5D391CBC5ED" country="COLOMBIA" name="Mpio. Belmira" stateProvince="Antioquia">Mpio. Belmira</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Finca El Paramo</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.065" metricValueMax="3.13" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="3065.0" valueMax="3130.0" valueMin="3000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.065" metricValueMax="3.13" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="3065.0" valueMax="3130.0" valueMin="3000.0">3000-3130 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-01-29">29 Jan 1995</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Fonnegra</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 5408
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-05-26" collectorName="Luteyn" country="Colombia" elevation="1825" latitude="7.0333333" location="N of Las Ventanas" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-75.5" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:B8C10496CA31A46C172BA641F9E68222" country="Colombia" latitude="7.0333333" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-75.5" name="N of Las Ventanas">N of Las Ventanas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="7.0333333">07 02'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.5">75 30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="1.92" metricValueMin="1.73" unit="m" value="1825.0" valueMax="1920.0" valueMin="1730.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="1.92" metricValueMin="1.73" unit="m" value="1825.0" valueMax="1920.0" valueMin="1730.0">1730-1920 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1984-05-26">26 May 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Luteyn</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 10737
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1986-07-27" collectorName="Roldan" country="Colombia" elevation="2700" latitude="6.8333335" location="Llanos de Cuiva" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-75.5" municipality="Yarumal" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Yarumal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:128EC48DCB07E0C4F9FCCCEB5FBB2D70" country="Colombia" latitude="6.8333335" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-75.5" municipality="Yarumal" name="Llanos de Cuiva">
|
||
Llanos de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuivá">Cuiva</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.8333335">06°50'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.5">75°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1986-07-27">27 Jul 1986</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Roldán">
|
||
<collectorName>Roldan</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
252
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1988-05-07" collectorName="Zarucchi, Echeverri" country="Colombia" elevation="3050" latitude="6.35" location="Vereda San Felix" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-75.65" municipality="Bello" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Bello</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:6F7C38A9FBD41115DA3D2DAF1875909F" country="Colombia" latitude="6.35" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-75.65" municipality="Bello" name="Vereda San Felix">Vereda San Felix</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.35">06°21'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.65">75°39'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" unit="m" value="3050.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" unit="m" value="3050.0">3050 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1988-05-07">7 May 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Zarucchi</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Echeverri</collectorName>
|
||
6332
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1917-09-18" collectingDateMax="1917-09-23" collectingDateMin="1917-09-18" collectorName="Pennell" country="Colombia" elevation="2750" location="Chapinero" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bogota">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Bogota">Bogota</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, D.C.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:E5F9456AC813568AF7C7474190CC6F2A" country="Colombia" name="Chapinero" stateProvince="Bogota">Chapinero</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.7" unit="m" value="2750.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.7" unit="m" value="2750.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="2700.0">2700-2800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1917-09-18" valueMax="1917-09-23" valueMin="1917-09-18">18-23 Sep 1917</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Pennell</collectorName>
|
||
1997
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1959-05-07" collectorName="Barclay" country="Colombia" location="Huina" municipality="Belen" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Boyaca">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Boyaca">Boyaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Belen</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:D01F9E5645A21C8440CD83897FE99F56" country="Colombia" municipality="Belen" name="Huina" stateProvince="Boyaca">Huina</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1959-05-07">7 May 1959</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Barclay</collectorName>
|
||
7629
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1944-08-20" collectingDateMax="2003-07-08" collectingDateMin="1944-08-20" collectorName="Fassett, Mpio. Chiscas" country="Colombia" elevation="2440" location="Duartes Arriba" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Arcabuco">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
|
||
NW of Arcabuco
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" unit="m" value="2440.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" unit="m" value="2440.0">2440 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1944-08-20">20 Aug 1944</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Fassett</collectorName>
|
||
25629
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO),
|
||
<collectorName>Mpio. Chiscas</collectorName>
|
||
, sector
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:19F108B2F36F813995F38C176C78493D" country="Colombia" name="Duartes Arriba">Duartes Arriba</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" unit="m" value="2850.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" unit="m" value="2850.0">2850 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2003-07-08">8 Jul 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Galindo-T. et al. 1303</emphasis>
|
||
(COL [COL000057819])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1958-09-24" collectorName="H. G. Barclay" country="Colombia" elevation="3090" location="Valencia" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cauca">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Cauca">Cauca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:27359B0C6898E8E7CFA74229201EB069" country="Colombia" name="Valencia" stateProvince="Cauca">Valencia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.09" unit="m" value="3090.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.09" unit="m" value="3090.0">3090 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1958-09-24">24 Sep 1958</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>H. G. Barclay</collectorName>
|
||
5730
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1947-02-02" collectorName="Cordillera Central, E, Cuatrecasas" country="Colombia" elevation="2990" location="Moscoso" municipality="Rio San Jose" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Cordillera Central, E</collectorName>
|
||
slope [probably valley of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
Rio San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:3AA8E0EED926D6B8BD4006A0C04202A9" country="Colombia" municipality="Rio San Jose" name="Moscoso">Moscoso</location>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9899999999999998" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.98" unit="m" value="2990.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2980.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9899999999999998" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.98" unit="m" value="2990.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2980.0">2980-3000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1947-02-02">2 Feb 1947</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Cuatrecasas</collectorName>
|
||
23654
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1968-11-18" collectorName="Espinal, Ramos" country="Colombia" elevation="3000" location="Paramo de Paletara" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:1F94F61E83E8F2CF7FE08DAAD85DE6F7" country="Colombia" name="Paramo de Paletara">
|
||
Paramo de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paletará">Paletara</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1968-11-18">18 Nov 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Espinal</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Ramos</collectorName>
|
||
3310
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1930-03" collectorName="Perez-Arbelaez" country="Colombia" elevation="2600" location="Pantanos de Fuquene" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:F3E5C5ECEE964B930EB2E06C3E63792A" country="Colombia" name="Pantanos de Fuquene" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pántanos">Pantanos</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fúquene">Fuquene</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="2600.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1930-03">Mar 1930</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez-Arbeláez">
|
||
<collectorName>Perez-Arbelaez</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
66
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COL [COL 000223800])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1941-01-09" collectorName="Cuatrecasas" country="Colombia" elevation="3000" location="Paramo de Santa Lucia" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Narino">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nariño">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Narino">Narino</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Putumayo">Putumayo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:2065E44A626683231DB8140D6A117403" country="Colombia" name="Paramo de Santa Lucia" stateProvince="Narino">Paramo de Santa Lucia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" unit="m" value="3000.0" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="2900.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" unit="m" value="3000.0" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="2900.0">2900-3100 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1941-01-09">9 Jan 1941</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Cuatrecasas</collectorName>
|
||
11866
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1944-10-12" collectorName="Fassett" country="Colombia" elevation="3200" location="N of Cerrito" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santander">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Santander">Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:54216C2E728754C0374A145F591DBA00" country="Colombia" name="N of Cerrito" stateProvince="Santander">N of Cerrito</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3200.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1944-10-12">12 Oct 1944</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>Fassett</collectorName>
|
||
25929
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1926-12-21" collectingDateMax="1926-12-23" collectingDateMin="1926-12-21" collectorName="Killip, Smith" country="Colombia" elevation="2800" location="Las Vegas" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:E4CC455C0CDE4181C8780BF1D32937E2" country="Colombia" name="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.6" unit="m" value="2800.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2600.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.6" unit="m" value="2800.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2600.0">2600-3000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1926-12-21" valueMax="1926-12-23" valueMin="1926-12-21">21- 23 Dec 1926</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="26" start="start">
|
||
<collectorName>Killip</collectorName>
|
||
</pageBreakToken>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Smith</collectorName>
|
||
16064
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1979-07-18" collectorName="Stuessy, Funk" country="Colombia" elevation="3330" location="Berlin" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
NE of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:0F0FC14EDE1FD878A57F0720460DA3BE" country="Colombia" name="Berlin">Berlin</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="3330.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="3330.0">3330 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1979-07-18">18 Jul 1979</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>Stuessy</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Funk</collectorName>
|
||
5612
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MICH)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Santander">Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1939-02-26" collectorName="Paramo de la Laguna, A. H. G. Alston" country="Colombia" elevation="2900" location="between Pamplona and Bucaramanga" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Norte de Santander">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Norte de Santander">Norte de Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Paramo de la Laguna</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:094635F6678FFDAE8F98E70ED945E812" country="Colombia" name="between Pamplona and Bucaramanga" stateProvince="Norte de Santander">between Pamplona and Bucaramanga</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1939-02-26">26 Feb 1939</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>A. H. G. Alston</collectorName>
|
||
7333
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1985-08-21" collectorName="C. Farney, Pessoal, B. F. E." country="BRAZIL" elevation="2700" location="Pico da Neblina" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Amazonas">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:45970B1AF9708AB61A0FBC79D2C50C34" country="BRAZIL" name="Pico da Neblina" stateProvince="Amazonas">Pico da Neblina</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1985-08-21">21 Aug 1985</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>C. Farney</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Pessoal</collectorName>
|
||
do 1°
|
||
<collectorName name="Mpio. Belmira, Finca El Paramo">B.F.E.</collectorName>
|
||
901
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(RB)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-08-05" collectorName="El Progreso, L. Santa Cruz" country="PERU" elevation="2700" location="Distr. de Pulan" municipality="Prov. Santa Cruz" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cajamarca">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Peru">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cajamarca">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Prov. Santa Cruz</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:866BA207D32F71596712DA59964E3B3C" country="PERU" municipality="Prov. Santa Cruz" name="Distr. de Pulan" stateProvince="Cajamarca">
|
||
Distr. de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pulán">Pulan</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>El Progreso</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2006-08-05">5 Aug 2006</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>L. Santa Cruz</collectorName>
|
||
653
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM [photo])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1990-05-03" collectingDateMax="1991-03-02" collectingDateMin="1990-05-03" collectorName="Cano, Leon" country="Peru" county="Prov. Paucartambo" elevation="3450" location="Acjanaco" municipality="Parque Nac. del Manu" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cuzco">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cusco">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Prov. Paucartambo</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
Parque Nac. del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Manú">Manu</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:6346E78BCBF5BEA74756B1BB992C388F" country="Peru" county="Prov. Paucartambo" municipality="Parque Nac. del Manu" name="Acjanaco" stateProvince="Cuzco">Acjanaco</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" unit="m" value="3450.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3400.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" unit="m" value="3450.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3400.0">3400-3500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-05-03">3 May 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:FEC005B84057B1017473590E4534ACC5" country="Peru" county="Prov. Paucartambo" municipality="Parque Nac. del Manu" name="Cano" stateProvince="Cuzco">Cano</location>
|
||
3361
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F),
|
||
<collectingDate value="1991-03-02">2 Mar 1991</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>Cano</collectorName>
|
||
4437
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F),
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="m" value="3550.0" valueMax="3600.0" valueMin="3500.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="m" value="3550.0" valueMax="3600.0" valueMin="3500.0">3500-3600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-07-21">21 Jul 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">
|
||
<collectorName>Leon</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
2243
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1991-03-02" collectorName="Leon, Huapaya" country="Peru" elevation="3350" location="Trocha Acjanaco - Macho Cruz" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:4FA3993A775B3DB8C1F96B3A110B3106" country="Peru" name="Trocha Acjanaco - Macho Cruz">Trocha Acjanaco - Macho Cruz</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" unit="m" value="3350.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" unit="m" value="3350.0">3350 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1991-03-02">2 Mar 1991</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">
|
||
<collectorName>Leon</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Huapaya</collectorName>
|
||
2683
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F, USM[photo])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1925-05-09" collectorName="Pennell" country="Peru" elevation="3850" location="Cerro de Cusilluyoc" municipality="Paso de Tres Cruces" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Paso de Tres Cruces</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:79486FA31B55218432852D57291B300D" country="Peru" municipality="Paso de Tres Cruces" name="Cerro de Cusilluyoc">Cerro de Cusilluyoc</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.8" unit="m" value="3850.0" valueMax="3900.0" valueMin="3800.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.8" unit="m" value="3850.0" valueMax="3900.0" valueMin="3800.0">3800-3900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1925-05-09">9 May 1925</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>Pennell</collectorName>
|
||
13866
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1953-03-14" collectorName="Woytkowski" country="Peru" county="Prov. La Convencion" elevation="2600" location="Pavayoc" municipality="Distr. Santa Ana" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty>
|
||
Prov. La
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Convención">Convencion</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Distr. Santa Ana</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:75897A25E34D8507A0665174F91F3DB9" country="Peru" county="Prov. La Convencion" municipality="Distr. Santa Ana" name="Pavayoc">Pavayoc</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="2600.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1953-03-14">14 Mar 1953</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>Woytkowski</collectorName>
|
||
567
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM [photo])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1923-07-17" collectingDateMax="1923-07-26" collectingDateMin="1923-07-17" collectorName="Ruiz, Pavon, Macbride" country="Peru" elevation="1829" location="Hacienda on Rio Chinchao" municipality="Villcabamba" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Huanuco">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Huanuco">Huanuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: [probably "Saxiapata, in the montana of Pillao and Chacahuasi, " Aug-Sept 1787],
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>Ruiz</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pavón">
|
||
<collectorName>Pavon</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
s.n
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. (MO 1612102);
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Villcabamba</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:5BD9B721C8DA5A9097DA09CC2716B893" country="Peru" municipality="Villcabamba" name="Hacienda on Rio Chinchao" stateProvince="Huanuco">Hacienda on Rio Chinchao</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6,000 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1923-07-17" valueMax="1923-07-26" valueMin="1923-07-17">17-26 July 1923</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectorName>Macbride</collectorName>
|
||
5182
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-01-25" collectorName="Vasquez" country="Peru" county="Prov. Oxapampa" elevation="3450" latitude="-10.343055" location="Santa Barbara" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-75.65" municipality="Dist. Huancabamba" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pasco">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Pasco">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Prov. Oxapampa</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Dist. Huancabamba</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:1095E88DA5B8F060184B0DE9D9A85EDD" country="Peru" county="Prov. Oxapampa" latitude="-10.343055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-75.65" municipality="Dist. Huancabamba" name="Santa Barbara" stateProvince="Pasco">Santa Barbara</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-10.343055">10°20'35"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-75.65">75°39'00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" unit="m" value="3450.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3400.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" unit="m" value="3450.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3400.0">3400-3500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-01-25">25 Jan 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">
|
||
<collectorName>Vasquez</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 29038
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F, MO, USM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1854-07" collectorName="Hohenacker" country="Peru" location="Lechler in Pl." specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puno">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Puno">Puno</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: [Prov. Carabaya, San Gaban], "in summis Cordiller. jugis pr. San Govan,"
|
||
<collectingDate value="1854-07">Jul 1854</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EFC915B0125E55C097B92C3677B21F06:E52B2C5503B0007EDFDE8EBADD199A40" country="Peru" name="Lechler in Pl." stateProvince="Puno">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Lechler</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Pl. peruv., ed.
|
||
<collectorName>Hohenacker</collectorName>
|
||
2206
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
(P [P01762726])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |