211 lines
36 KiB
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211 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="279807" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0427b0cd-34c7-48f7-a72f-77bee78fe5f3" ID-PMC="PMC10701746" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1185-255" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DEA7C60064865535B07A16D0F5AC891D" ID-PubMed="38074911" ID-ZooBank="568A472D950D4338A7DF56C6EE473761" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1185-255" checkinTime="1701287306545" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Lu-Yu, Peng, Xian-Jin & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng" docDate="2023" docId="C620195A67755476A2BD147A132C8851" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1185: 255-267" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1185" docPubDate="2023-11-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005" docTitle="Tricholathys Chamberlin & Ivie 1935" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="DEA7C60064865535B07A16D0F5AC891D" lastPageNumber="255" masterDocId="DEA7C60064865535B07A16D0F5AC891D" masterDocTitle="The first record of Tricholathys Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 (Araneae, Dictynidae) from China, with a new combination and descriptions of seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="267" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="255" updateTime="1720490822158" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0BA040677BD998DD12DCD0EF8D168426">
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<mods:title id="FE2BA7B92B8E6112C5DFF63A5139FDF6">The first record of Tricholathys Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 (Araneae, Dictynidae) from China, with a new combination and descriptions of seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FABA2DFE06B87E55964901BE8D9E6EA1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="43D55AEFF03F299B65E43AAD91DF7A4E">Wang, Lu-Yu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="12E9A21BB2C5B2132DBEDD1C3A9EF82C">Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7372E6E2F32D1FE6834C949F7845EEB2">Peng, Xian-Jin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C855B59C451A0F988782A89255C756D7" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-3910</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E506B937E50D2F14F23C05212E46B187">College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="61EAA641CEB0F6B6552B2DD7962066FE">Zhang, Zhi-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="64DC14FCFC65383398D0BF474616DD2E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-1789</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="658BF956EDDBBE4638454693A21F5A43">Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1D1E3EBCF79986A0F6C0E2AA8F675F71" type="email">zhangzs327@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BCE17ED291E946F3326B7F007CE23676">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3EA2FCC109E68233FE63FF926A1E3778">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3C56AB8E323C9EA95D1C4F5C1D401C2D">
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<mods:date id="A275F3E3695498095DF63CBDC8D4910E">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4ECC2397D2120B9206B27E854B13C281">2023-11-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="58B75294A862CA870537DBEE6E76CE34">1185</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="BB08C7E397F6DA13C6A886420D6AB23A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B6581C32A9FE50CD21B3EBD11C5BBB80" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C620195A67755476A2BD147A132C8851" ID-GBIF-Taxon="219300249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C620195A67755476A2BD147A132C8851" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C620195A67755476A2BD147A132C8851" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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<subSubSection id="927EC9FD7F0A73A7AA804836B74A3D79" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A3777D007AB5B7A3242CDD4B24EE460D" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="EB59A7F99545E20786B103748D516C79" ID-CoL="7ZDS" ID-ENA="700689" LSID="C620195A-6775-5476-A2BD-147A132C8851" authority="Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 (毛隐蛛属)" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1935" class="Arachnida" family="Dictynidae" genus="Tricholathys" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricholathys" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tricholathys Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 (毛隐蛛属)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6910A326A09321E1C741D4CCC3C2C822" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="912446C877A5951D9AF1868FE9753937" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AB3AB4DC3E902C2DFAD2057E48E8832F" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicName id="638FCC0187194A45BCCF63F13C250685" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1935" class="Arachnida" family="Dictynidae" genus="Tricholathys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricholathys spiralis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiralis">
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<emphasis id="3A63E246382735F425843A004909343F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Tricholathys spiralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 from Canada and USA.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="14153F2E65A246DBE062973FDBAC2A20" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C2C16996909FFB73EEA165BD95E38A6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="66D82FD899D8ED421AE2CB5C78FE971E" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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<taxonomicName id="51AC0B45C872AA144113411ABA5F45BA" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1935" class="Arachnida" family="Dictynidae" genus="Tricholathys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricholathys" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="84595A8E1FB26F966802180211ED9D81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Tricholathys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="609E4852F161617D7505F19955B2E90B" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1945" class="Arachnida" family="Dictynidae" genus="Arctella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arctella" order="Aranei" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="32B0E1603D0B16D6F1B7A51051D927A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Arctella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Holm, 1945 in having coiled posterior arm of conductor, but differs from the latter by the wide, twisted, ribbon-like terminal part of the conductor, the tapering, spiraled tip of the conductor, the sclerotized and subcircular coils (except
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<taxonomicName id="1411FBDDEFB01E9120A808C9B18D0C8E" class="Arachnida" family="Dictynidae" genus="Tricholathys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">
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<emphasis id="83BB3ADC610284DDBB3E6D09B9712985" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">T. serrata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) of copulatory ducts (
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<bibRefCitation id="8C6FA66FCB41706BBB8CD59711492D3D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2017.1279086" author="Marusik, YM" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" pagination="246 - 261" refId="B4" refString="Marusik, YM, Omelko, MM, Ponomarev, AV, 2017. A survey of the Holarctic genus Arctella Holm, 1945 (Araneae: Dictynidae, Tricholathysinae), with the description of Tricholathys ovtchinnikovi sp. n. Oriental Insects 51 (3): 246 - 261, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2017.1279086" title="A survey of the Holarctic genus Arctella Holm, 1945 (Araneae: Dictynidae, Tricholathysinae), with the description of Tricholathys ovtchinnikovi sp. n." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2017.1279086" volume="51" year="2017">Marusik et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="725FEB7109D47A5EAC88DD9954023E40" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2256B052579125677F77502FA9B7A3B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0CFBFF15FD0E2C90200AC380255A1AE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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Habitus (Figs
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<figureCitation id="0F65B62290150DA9D2190CCD10A0AA12" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photos of living specimens and living environment A-C Tricholathys chenzhenningi sp. nov. A male B female C collection site D Tricholathys lhunzeensis sp. nov. collection site." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944651" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">1A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6349E974EE506CB196C6962B221B8345" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tricholathys burangensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944653" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">3A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C1804AE1B527465DDD2C7BAA3FD16829" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tricholathys chenzhenningi sp. nov. A, C-G holotype male B, H, I paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C posterior arm of conductor, ventral view D cribellum, ventral view E left male palp, prolateral view F same, ventral view G same, retrolateral view H epigyne, ventral view I same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944655" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">5A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="189E1F49DD3408D7E41540EF315FB5F3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Tricholathys hebeiensis sp. nov., holotype female A female habitus, dorsal view B epigyne, ventral view C same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944657" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">7A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="DAD56EC1C301AC13A7765C643BEF26E5" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Tricholathys lhunzeensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944659" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">9A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6F690E07B1F8ED5F11A4897BE183C54A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Tricholathys relictoides sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944661" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">11A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C558D7DDF9AAE4156D84CFAFE47281C2" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tricholathys serrata sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same. retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944663" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">13A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5E07ED0DB0D63F8AC42270333F125D4A" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tricholathys xizangensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B Female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944665" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">15A, B</figureCitation>
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). Medium-sized spiders (3.0-8.0). Carapace brown to dark brown. Fovea longitudinal. Cervical groove and radial furrows distinct. Chelicerae elongate, brown, with 3-5 promarginal and 2 or 3 retromarginal teeth. Labium and endites brown, longer than wide. Sternum brown and scutellate, with sparse, brown setae. Legs brown. Leg formula 4123 or 1423. Abdomen oval, yellow-brown to dark brown, with lanceolate cardiac mark in anterior half, and with black V-shaped markings in posterior half part. Venter of abdomen yellow-brown, with small and undivided cribellum (female) (Figs
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<figureCitation id="681E1A348CE7A09CE57E788DF6D41D62" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tricholathys chenzhenningi sp. nov. A, C-G holotype male B, H, I paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C posterior arm of conductor, ventral view D cribellum, ventral view E left male palp, prolateral view F same, ventral view G same, retrolateral view H epigyne, ventral view I same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944655" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">5D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ABDA92A69FC0AB8A59768C8191760F24" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Tricholathys relictoides sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944661" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">11C</figureCitation>
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) or somewhat reduced cribellum (male) (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="1B8007ED6113A0EB5B0D960679F2744A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Tricholathys relictoides sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944661" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">11D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3BDC5CE239B86F04D926E36D252D366" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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Male palp (Figs
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<figureCitation id="391BE2D5F9F32E4FD0513E6706A18AC4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tricholathys burangensis sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B left male palp, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D epigyne, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944652" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">2A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A8D1C5B719E9A87AB2D74CE6F48EB3CF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tricholathys burangensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944653" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">3C-E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="E4A23830007A170390F42500A27C9AE0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tricholathys chenzhenningi sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944654" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">4A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FA8F0013F3E9164DCB0B8E4D5021CDC7" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tricholathys chenzhenningi sp. nov. A, C-G holotype male B, H, I paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C posterior arm of conductor, ventral view D cribellum, ventral view E left male palp, prolateral view F same, ventral view G same, retrolateral view H epigyne, ventral view I same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944655" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">5C, E-G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="EA7F7FBE048567F4E449936E21E0099B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Tricholathys lhunzeensis sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944658" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">8A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B53C2F235829EB870DE6ECB6C7871E74" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Tricholathys lhunzeensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944659" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">9C-E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D150D7115F826671CB817F63461E3632" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Tricholathys relictoides sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944660" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">10A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3BAD58888F9116422A3346687BECC97C" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Tricholathys relictoides sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944661" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">11E-G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7B30721E5D1A8AB2F8F8E5F10CE2F489" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tricholathys serrata sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944662" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">12A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F75965DE82DACEF4CE805F13250FCB66" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tricholathys serrata sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same. retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944663" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">13C-E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F3D99A180EBE7C556D8FD55FE5CEC3C7" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tricholathys xizangensis sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C Epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = digitiform process; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944664" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">14A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="5BC750124D7CEA30466B1C4561D3489F" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tricholathys xizangensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B Female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944665" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">15C-E</figureCitation>
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) with broad, retrolateral tibial apophysis. Cymbium slightly longer than wide; bulb as long as wide. Conductor with 2 well-developed arms: anterior arm tapering gradually and extend towards base of embolus; posterior arm terminating in spiral and with digitiform process (DP in Figs
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<figureCitation id="489C538B6F3751AD6920CE7DC3461207" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tricholathys xizangensis sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C Epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = digitiform process; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944664" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">14B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="DA4E1683AB1A65D6397A05E3968BEA26" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tricholathys xizangensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B Female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944665" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">15E</figureCitation>
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; mostly covered by retrolateral tibial apophysis). Embolus long and extended clockwise, distal part thread-like and hidden by conductor.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="872504BCBB1E93019B06667E3B761E39" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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Epigyne (Figs
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<figureCitation id="8323FAE3C450D298188A13A22DF5F8DA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tricholathys burangensis sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B left male palp, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D epigyne, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944652" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">2C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="401AB5512353C2ABBFB052562E844923" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tricholathys burangensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944653" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">3F, G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="50C6BADF20027AF206D8108751E72868" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tricholathys chenzhenningi sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944654" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">4C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2A8DC0353E5B6B1A1856449BA6FEE67F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Tricholathys chenzhenningi sp. nov. A, C-G holotype male B, H, I paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C posterior arm of conductor, ventral view D cribellum, ventral view E left male palp, prolateral view F same, ventral view G same, retrolateral view H epigyne, ventral view I same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944655" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">5H, I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="5AB8C089BE1C687D4B921D6E70B942E7" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Tricholathys hebeiensis sp. nov. holotype female A epigyne, ventral view B same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944656" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">6A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="C53F10C8DDC0F3B869B946E7E977DF49" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Tricholathys hebeiensis sp. nov., holotype female A female habitus, dorsal view B epigyne, ventral view C same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944657" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">7B, C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6C8B8287A0C4A8A5990A1B8B2459260F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Tricholathys lhunzeensis sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944658" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">8C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="12B9444D2C5BBDB86EF477CBE858B627" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Tricholathys lhunzeensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944659" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">9F, G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BE478D03490271CAB67007FD501AC317" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Tricholathys relictoides sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944660" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">10C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="CD3A48A13A9649C3ED6C563290E7BEFE" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Tricholathys relictoides sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944661" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">11H, I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="CB1EEC67EBDC09BE592891578A311236" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tricholathys serrata sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944662" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">12C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AF7651345DA2678BD6CC0358A6849A9F" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tricholathys serrata sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same. retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944663" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">13F, G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="8378F2D164E48EAE3AB2703725ED2ACC" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tricholathys xizangensis sp. nov. A, B holotype male C, D paratype female A left male palp, ventral view B same, retrolateral view C Epigyne, ventral view D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = digitiform process; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944664" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">14C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AF2D3B40069EB04426142441211347A6" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tricholathys xizangensis sp. nov. A, C-E holotype male B, F, G paratype female A male habitus, dorsal view B Female habitus, dorsal view C left male palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F epigyne, ventral view G same, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944665" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">15F, G</figureCitation>
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). Copulatory openings cochleate. Copulatory ducts with 2 distinct parts: weakly sclerotized part connected to copulatory openings and a strongly sclerotized part forming almost an entire circle (except
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<taxonomicName id="4692BA50F6B7CCFB64C34BAF43A25971" class="Arachnida" family="Dictynidae" genus="Tricholathys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">
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<emphasis id="575291572B3A0367B8264BE0739EF12B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">T. serrata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.). Spermathecae nearly globular and small, less than the distance between spermathecae. Fertilization ducts small, hook-shaped.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DFE89FABBD66A8025512F75F367C0B77" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" type="composition">
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<paragraph id="03B602136C90F74CFE2E5D507DF5FD8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Composition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A872785C64C5C6B04622E46DD04F07D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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Eighteen species (
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<bibRefCitation id="1C6599A0934B19F957C236C3562BB73F" author="Schulmeister, S" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B8" refString="2023. . http://wsc.nmbe.ch" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2023">WSC 2023</bibRefCitation>
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and the data first presented herein).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="032487C6DBB3330FC84FB5FE2D1D05DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="FD3F46C605FDEABD914994C55DF32D7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BAEC5E42B2305C052023BBE9E272F4E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">The genus has a distinctive range and is known from the Nearctic, eastern part of Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan), western and northern part of China, and the Northern Caucasus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78D9BF6DF728277412A2C482D0C1711F" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" type="habitat">
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<paragraph id="EF6C59A99D611E0B93CC848B82112259" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Habitats.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AE1800625A0EB5AB12B62790F148CAB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">
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Judging from our collection, species of
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<taxonomicName id="E55CAFB6AD7B9839A11FD587F57ED855" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1935" class="Arachnida" family="Dictynidae" genus="Tricholathys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tricholathys" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B5A044F209C3432439A191779DC65B0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="255">Tricholathys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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prefer to live in high-elevation habitats near rivers or at the snow line, building small mesh-webs under stones.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |