172 lines
15 KiB
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172 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.896.36493" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0dfb41e-097f-47cf-a691-e0ed156f0dd6" ID-PMC="PMC6908515" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-896-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="45D554E9BC5451AA8EFF6B8A14862ADC" ID-PubMed="31844412" ID-ZooBank="3E0BC795B569442AAE6FDFD4A9FB9534" ModsDocID="1313-2970-896-1" checkinTime="1575565016593" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reemer, Menno, Skevington, Jeffrey H. & Kelso, Scott" docDate="2019" docId="5DFD13DFBF2E57B482BD2FD7FB055509" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 896: 1-93" docOrigin="ZooKeys 896" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.896.36493" docTitle="Peradon diaphanus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="45D554E9BC5451AA8EFF6B8A14862ADC" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="45D554E9BC5451AA8EFF6B8A14862ADC" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical hoverfly genus Peradon Reemer (Diptera, Syrphidae, Microdontinae)" masterLastPageNumber="93" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168194872" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the Neotropical hoverfly genus Peradon Reemer (Diptera, Syrphidae, Microdontinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reemer, Menno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skevington, Jeffrey H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kelso, Scott</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>896</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>93</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.896.36493</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.896.36493</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-896-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3E0BC795B569442AAE6FDFD4A9FB9534</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">45D554E9BC5451AA8EFF6B8A14862ADC</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160631118" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5DFD13DFBF2E57B482BD2FD7FB055509" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5DFD13DFBF2E57B482BD2FD7FB055509" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="5DFD13DF-BF2E-57B4-82BD-2FD7FB055509" authority="Sack" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon diaphanus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphanus">Peradon diaphanus (Sack)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 32–35" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 32 - 35. Tergite 2 dorsal 32 Peradon diaphanus female (neotype) 33 P. elongatus male (Brazil INPA) 34 P. hermetia male (holotype) 35 P. hermetoides male (holotype)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures32-35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362279" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures32-35">Figs 32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 105–111" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 105 - 111. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (trivittatus group) 105 P. hermetia ♂ holotype 106 ♂ P. hermetoides holotype 107 P. elongatus ♂ Brazil INPA 108 P. elongatus ♀ Brazil INPA 109 P. diaphanus ♀ neotype 110 P. oligonax ♂ Brazil LACM 111 P. oligonax ♀ Peru RMNH. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures105-111" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362290" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures105-111">109</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 186–193" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figures 186 - 193. 186 Peradon diaphanus female, neotype: habitus lateral 187 - 190 Peradon elongatus male, holotype: 187 habitus dorsal 188 habitus lateral 189 head frontal 190 head lateral 191 - 193 Peradon elongatus female, paratype: 191 habitus dorsal 192 head frontal 193 head lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures186-193" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362303" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures186-193">186</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon diaphanus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphanus">Microdon diaphanus</taxonomicName>
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Sack, 1921: 146. Holotype ♂: Paraguay, St. Trinidad (lost);
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898" author="Thompson, FC" journalOrPublisher="A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 195" refId="B29" refString="Thompson, FC, Vockeroth, JR, Sedman, YS, 1976. Family Syrphidae. A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States 46: 1 - 195" title="Family Syrphidae." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898" volume="46" year="1976">Thompson et al. 1976</bibRefCitation>
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: 64.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon diaphanus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphanus">Peradon diaphanus</taxonomicName>
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(Sack):
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 213" refId="B25" refString="Reemer, M, Stahls, G, 2013a. Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae). ZooKeys 288: 1 - 213" title="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" volume="288" year="2013 a">
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Reemer and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ståhls">Stahls</normalizedToken>
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2013a
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 146.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="studied type specimens">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Studied type specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Paraguay • 1 ♀, neotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon diaphanus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microdon diaphanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Sack (new designation, see notes); Encarnacion; 15 Jun. 1927; Shannon & Del Ponte leg.; USNM.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Label 1: "ex ant colony / in arboreal / bromelia"; label 2: "Encarnacion / Paraguay 15.6.27 / Shannon & Del Ponte
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<normalizedToken originalValue="””">""</normalizedToken>
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; label 3: "USNMENT / [barcode] / 01371103". Coll USNM. With empty puparium mounted on same pin.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional specimens">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brazil • 1 ♀; Jundiahy; 13 Aug. 1899; NHMUK.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paraguay • 2 ♀; same label data as neotype; USNM.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Body length: male 16 mm (based on
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<bibRefCitation author="Sack, P" journalOrPublisher="A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B30" refString="Sack, P, 1921. Dr. L. Zuercher's Dipteran-Ausbeute aus Paraguay: Syrphiden. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 87(A): 127-149." title="Dr. L. Zuercher's Dipteran-Ausbeute aus Paraguay: Syrphiden. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 87 (A): 127 - 149." year="1921">Sack 1921</bibRefCitation>
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), female 16.5-18.5. The constricted abdomen, absence of a triangle of golden pile on the mesoscutum, and partly dark wings place
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. diaphanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="diaphanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. diaphanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in a group with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. elongatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="elongatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. elongatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hermetia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hermetia">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. hermetia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hermetoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hermetoides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. hermetoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon diaphanus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon diaphanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from the other three species by tergite 2 being longer than wide, and also by the rufous golden pilose mesoscutum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Pape, T" journalOrPublisher="Conservation Genetics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.diptera.org/" refId="B20" refString="Pape, T, Thompson, FC, 2013. .http://www.diptera.org/" url="http://www.diptera.org/" year="2013">Pape and Thompson (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 213" refId="B25" refString="Reemer, M, Stahls, G, 2013a. Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae). ZooKeys 288: 1 - 213" title="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" volume="288" year="2013 a">
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Reemer and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ståhls">Stahls</normalizedToken>
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(2013a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898" author="Thompson, FC" journalOrPublisher="A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 195" refId="B29" refString="Thompson, FC, Vockeroth, JR, Sedman, YS, 1976. Family Syrphidae. A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States 46: 1 - 195" title="Family Syrphidae." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898" volume="46" year="1976">Thompson et al. (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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, the type of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon diaphanus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microdon diaphanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is deposited in the DEI (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müncheberg">Muencheberg</normalizedToken>
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). However, attempts to find it in that collection failed (pers. comm. F. Menzel). The DEI is part of the Senckenberg research institute, which also holds entomological collections in Dresden (SNSD) and Frankfurt (SMF). Enquiries at these institutions did not result in finding the type either. As a large part of the collection of P. Sack was destroyed during World War II (
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<bibRefCitation author="Franz, E" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B7" refString="Franz, E, 1967. Geschichte der Entomologischen Sekstion. Senckenbergiana Biologica 48(B): 55-72." title="Geschichte der Entomologischen Sekstion. Senckenbergiana Biologica 48 (B): 55 - 72." year="1967">Franz 1967</bibRefCitation>
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), it seems probable that this has also happened to the type of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. diaphanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="diaphanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. diaphanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In order to ensure the stability of this taxon, a neotype designation is deemed desirable. One female from Brazil (coll. NHMUK) and three females from Paraguay (coll. USNM) agree well with the original description and the figure in
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<bibRefCitation author="Sack, P" journalOrPublisher="A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B30" refString="Sack, P, 1921. Dr. L. Zuercher's Dipteran-Ausbeute aus Paraguay: Syrphiden. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 87(A): 127-149." title="Dr. L. Zuercher's Dipteran-Ausbeute aus Paraguay: Syrphiden. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 87 (A): 127 - 149." year="1921">Sack (1921)</bibRefCitation>
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. As the species was originally described from Paraguay, one of the Paraguayan females is here designated as neotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The three females from Paraguay are mounted together with empty puparia and carry labels stating "ex ant colony in arboreal bromelia". This is the first known record of an association of a
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with ants. Unfortunately, the ants remain unidentified.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Known from the Brazilian state
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo and from Paraguay.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |