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<document id="754E8A08721C0AF82D4E3C44095D3D46" ID-CLB-Dataset="286955" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.921.2409" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7115915-f7fd-4a41-8495-9e38bd514ad9" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10604105" ID-ZooBank="45B2A9CB-27F0-46B2-85F0-264F963B5D7E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1706777316154" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pereira, Maria Paula, Bichuette, Jonas E. Gallão Maria E. &amp; Pérez-González, Abel" docDate="2024" docId="03FB245625281133FD85547F8453FCE0" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.921.36-63.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 921" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2409/10653" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Spaeleoleptes gimli Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFC25C2E25251120FFF0505A877CFFF8" masterDocTitle="Hidden in the caves: a new troglobitic species of Spaeleoleptes and the type species redescription (Opiliones, Laniatores)" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1706778004490" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5B51CED53FBA74602C595B1EB54D60A0">Hidden in the caves: a new troglobitic species of Spaeleoleptes and the type species redescription (Opiliones, Laniatores)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="86829DB9830CA855E181BE697129E117">Pereira, Maria Paula</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="040F317E419EEC9BBA189F683570094B">División Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “ Bernardino Rivadavia ”, Av. Angel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="75C1B115FA16BA7B53D7418E57C08C6D" type="email">mariappaulap@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4A3A6035060C34DA06A5062EBD144C65">Bichuette, Jonas E. Gallão Maria E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7B5334DF9D957DA6F94A9A5CCB665566">Pérez-González, Abel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE14BE5EB2135EBA79ABC9A561C47958">División Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “ Bernardino Rivadavia ”, Av. Angel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="3D6C6218A7267E15EEAB1492C42E1D1D">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C348C6CB2528112DFD85547F83BAFB9B" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFD85547F84C3FBB8" blockId="13.[366,1222,1061,1158]" box="[629,959,1061,1088]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D0A5222C2528112DFD85547F84C3FBB8" box="[629,959,1061,1088]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC32528112DFD85547F8421FBB8" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[629,861,1061,1088]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFD85547F8421FBB8" bold="true" box="[629,861,1061,1088]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Spaeleoleptes gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F4292528112DFC94547C84C3FBB8" box="[868,959,1062,1088]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="C348C6CB2528112DFD2F54318428FB7E" box="[735,852,1131,1158]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFD2F54318428FB7E" blockId="13.[366,1222,1061,1158]" box="[735,852,1131,1158]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<figureCitation id="136989C52528112DFD2F54318428FB7E" box="[735,852,1131,1158]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStart-7="Fig" captionStartId-0="14.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionStartId-2="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionStartId-3="18.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-4="19.[189,231,1926,1952]" captionStartId-5="20.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-6="21.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-7="22.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,376,1888]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1399,463,1804]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1399,1006,1878]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1399,794,1853]" captionTargetBox-6="[189,1399,412,1924]" captionTargetBox-7="[312,1296,313,1800]" captionTargetId-0="figure-100@14.[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@16.[189,1399,376,1888]" captionTargetId-2="figure-155@17.[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetId-3="figure-38@18.[189,1399,463,1807]" captionTargetId-4="figure-212@19.[189,1399,1006,1881]" captionTargetId-5="figure-70@20.[189,1399,794,1853]" captionTargetId-6="figure-74@21.[189,1399,412,1924]" captionTargetId-7="figure-0@22.[261,1345,291,1828]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionTargetPageId-4="19" captionTargetPageId-5="20" captionTargetPageId-6="21" captionTargetPageId-7="22" captionText-0="Fig. 7. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), dorsal view. A. Habitus. B. Detail of carapace. C. Detail of antero-lateral margin of carapace. Arrows indicating the two projections. D. Detail of right coxa IV." captionText-1="Fig. 8. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Lateral carapace showing the ozopore region. C. Habitus, ventral view. D. Epistome, anterolateral view. E. Detail of spiracle area." captionText-2="Fig. 9. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942). A. Right chelicera, ectal view. B. Right chelicera, mesal view. C. Right chelicera, frontal view. D. Right pedipalp, ectal view. E. Right pedipalp, mesal view. F. Detail of the two basal major spines on ventral femur of right pedipalp, ectal view. G. Detail of major spine on right pedipalp with very small and sparse microtrichia, ectal view. H. Detail of spines on mesal distal femur of right pedipalp, mesal view." captionText-3="Fig. 10. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg I. A. Right leg I, dorsal view. B. Detail of distal area of tíbia I, dorsal view. C. Detail of glandular/sensorial? region on tibia I, dorsal view. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings, dorsal view. E. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs." captionText-4="Fig. 11. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg II. A. Right leg II, ventral view. B. Detail of patella II, ventral view. C. Detail of tibia II, ventral view.Arrows point to some of the glandular/ sensorial? openings. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs, ventral view." captionText-5="Fig. 12. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), right legs. A. Leg II, retrolateral view. B. Detail of distal region of metatarsus II, dorsal view. C. Leg III, retrolateral view. Inset shows detail of distal region of metatarsus III, dorsal view, scale 100 µm. D. Leg IV, retrolateral view. Inset shows detail of distal region of metatarsus IV, dorsal view, scale 100 µm." captionText-6="Fig. 13. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male holotype (LES 00341), habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Lateral view." captionText-7="Fig. 14. Line drawings of male genitalia of Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. male holotype (LES 00341). A. Full genitalia, dorsal view. B. Detail of pars distalis, dorsal view. C. Detail of capsula interna, dorsal view. D. Detail of pars distalis, lateral view. E. Same, ventral view. Red lines: capsula interna. Blue lines: conductors. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604125" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604127" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604129" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604133" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604135" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604137" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604139" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604141" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10604125/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10604127/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10604129/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10604133/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10604135/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/10604137/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/10604139/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/10604141/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Figs 714</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C348C6CB2528112DFF4D54F785C9FA3C" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF4D54F786D6FB3F" blockId="13.[189,426,1197,1223]" box="[189,426,1197,1223]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D0A5222C2528112DFF4D54F786D6FB3F" bold="true" box="[189,426,1197,1223]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFF4D54F786D6FB3F" bold="true" box="[189,426,1197,1223]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Material examined</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF1A54868620FB0E" blockId="13.[189,1398,1244,1340]" box="[234,348,1244,1270]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFF1A54868620FB0E" bold="true" box="[234,348,1244,1270]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<typeStatus id="54E92BE22528112DFF1A54868620FB0E" box="[234,348,1244,1270]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF4D54A586F8FAC4" blockId="13.[189,1398,1244,1340]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<materialsCitation id="3B3A9F1D2528112DFF4D54A586F8FAC4" collectingDate="2004-07-04" collectionCode="LES" collectorName="M. E. Bichuette" country="Brazil" latitude="-12.996667" location="Gruta Natal cave" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-41.09083" municipality="Itaete" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="LES 00341" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F345D5D02528112DFF4D54A5865AFAE1" box="[189,294,1279,1305]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D545EC92528112DFEB154A58626FAE1" box="[321,346,1279,1305]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="male"></specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="49965BA22528112DFE9854A586D3FAE1" box="[360,431,1279,1305]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B890F3A2528112DFE4D54A5857DFAE1" box="[445,513,1279,1305]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Itaetê</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E8DC39B2528112DFDFE54A585A6FAE1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB245625281133FD85547F8453FCE0:8E8DC39B2528112DFDFE54A585A6FAE1" box="[526,730,1279,1305]" country="Brazil" latitude="-12.996667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-41.09083" municipality="Itaete" name="Gruta Natal cave" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Bahia">Gruta Natal cave</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE66F3872528112DFD1854A7840BFAE1" box="[744,887,1277,1305]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-12.996667">12°5948ʺ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE66F3872528112DFC7554A7835CFAE1" box="[901,1056,1277,1305]" degrees="41" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-41.09083">41°0527ʺ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FFECB3802528112DFBDE54A583C9FAE1" box="[1070,1205,1279,1305]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" value="2004-07-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA84A682528112DFBDE54A583C9FAE1" box="[1070,1205,1279,1305]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" value="2004-07-04">4 Jul. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26A7F0962528112DFB3354A5820AFAE1" box="[1219,1398,1279,1305]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">M.E. Bichuette</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DBF43D3B2528112DFF08557886FCFAC4" box="[248,384,1314,1340]" collectionCode="LES" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" name="Leeds Museums and Galleries" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">LES 00341</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF1A55398620FA85" blockId="13.[189,1398,1379,1476]" box="[234,348,1379,1405]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFF1A55398620FA85" bold="true" box="[234,348,1379,1405]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<typeStatus id="54E92BE22528112DFF1A55398620FA85" box="[234,348,1379,1405]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF4D55DD85C9FA3C" blockId="13.[189,1398,1379,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<materialsCitation id="3B3A9F1D2528112DFF4D55DD8370FA59" box="[189,1036,1414,1441]" collectingDate="2004-07-04" collectionCode="LES" collectorName="M. E. Bichuette" country="Brazil" latitude="-12.996667" location="Gruta Natal cave" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-41.09083" municipality="Itaete" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="LES 027941" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F345D5D02528112DFF4D55DD865AFA59" box="[189,294,1415,1441]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D545EC92528112DFEB155DD860CFA59" box="[321,368,1415,1441]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D545EC92528112DFE8D55DD86D7FA59" box="[381,427,1415,1441]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotYpe;
<specimenCode id="DBF43D3B2528112DFC8755DD8370FA59" box="[887,1036,1415,1441]" collectionCode="LES" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" name="Leeds Museums and Galleries" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">LES 027941</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3A9F1D2528112DFBD755DD85CDFA3C" collectingDate="2004-07-04" collectionCode="SEM" collectorName="M. E. Bichuette" country="Brazil" latitude="-12.996667" location="Gruta Natal cave" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-41.09083" municipality="Itaete" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="LES 027942" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D545EC92528112DFBD755DD832BFA59" box="[1063,1111,1415,1441]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotYpe;
<specimenCode id="DBF43D3B2528112DFEAD55F0868CFA3C" box="[349,496,1450,1476]" collectionCode="LES" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" name="Leeds Museums and Galleries" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">LES 027942</specimenCode>
(
<collectionCode id="ED430D852528112DFE0F55F08541FA3C" box="[511,573,1450,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">SEM</collectionCode>
voucher)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348C6CB2528112DFF4D55B184C3F8FF" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF4D55B18638F9FD" blockId="13.[189,324,1515,1541]" box="[189,324,1515,1541]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D0A5222C2528112DFF4D55B18638F9FD" bold="true" box="[189,324,1515,1541]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFF4D55B18638F9FD" bold="true" box="[189,324,1515,1541]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF4D564084C3F8FF" blockId="13.[189,1399,1562,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
The species epithet is used as a noun in apposition. It refers to the dwarf Gimli, one of the main characters from J.R.R. Tolkiens famous novel “The Lord of the Rings”. This name was chosen because in Tolkiens novel the dwarves are a
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC32528112DFD94563B8468F982" box="[612,788,1632,1659]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="associated">race associated</taxonomicName>
with mining and have a strong admiration for caves. Particularly, Gimli explicitly expresses his fascination for the Glittering Caves of Aglarond with their extensive series of spectacular speleothems, and after the defeat of Sauron he was given the lordship over this marvelous cave. The intention of the specific name is to make a metaphorical association with the close relationship of this species with its subterranean habitat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348C6CB2528112EFF4D57748418FE75" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112DFF4D5774864AF8B0" blockId="13.[189,310,1838,1864]" box="[189,310,1838,1864]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D0A5222C2528112DFF4D5774864AF8B0" bold="true" box="[189,310,1838,1864]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFF4D5774864AF8B0" bold="true" box="[189,310,1838,1864]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED95402528112EFF4D57078418FE75" blockId="13.[189,1399,1885,2017]" lastBlockId="14.[189,1399,265,397]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC32528112DFF4D570786DBF88F" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[189,423,1885,1911]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFF4D570786DBF88F" box="[189,423,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">Spaeleoleptes gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F4292528112DFE4057078571F88F" box="[432,525,1885,1911]" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC32528112DFD5C5707844EF88F" authorityName="H. Soares" authorityYear="1966" box="[684,818,1885,1911]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spaeleus">
<emphasis id="B92649522528112DFD5C5707844EF88F" box="[684,818,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="49">S. spaeleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly by the following combination of genital characters: apical lamina with a narrower base and medial projection absent; the presence of four lateral pairs of reduced setae ventrallY on the apical lamina; bY the lateral projections of the capsula interna being distallY flattened; and bY the ventral keel of the pars distalis having straight top in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252B112EFE94515386C2FEDB" box="[356,446,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[312,1296,313,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@22.[261,1345,291,1828]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 14. Line drawings of male genitalia of Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. male holotype (LES 00341). A. Full genitalia, dorsal view. B. Detail of pars distalis, dorsal view. C. Detail of capsula interna, dorsal view. D. Detail of pars distalis, lateral view. E. Same, ventral view. Red lines: capsula interna. Blue lines: conductors. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604141/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). The external morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC3252B112EFCC1515384F1FEDB" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[817,909,265,291]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli">
<emphasis id="B9264952252B112EFCC1515384F1FEDB" box="[817,909,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">S. gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also presents many convergences, but it can be distinguished bY the slight depression on the retrolateral surface of tibia I (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252B112EFB7F51768382FEBE" box="[1167,1278,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,463,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-38@18.[189,1399,463,1807]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 10. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg I. A. Right leg I, dorsal view. B. Detail of distal area of tíbia I, dorsal view. C. Detail of glandular/sensorial? region on tibia I, dorsal view. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings, dorsal view. E. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604133/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
); the twopointed tubercles on the post-ocularium that are reduced to two small granules; and bY the absence of large setiferous tubercles covering the body (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252B112EFD2A51288454FE75" box="[730,808,370,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-100@14.[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 7. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), dorsal view. A. Habitus. B. Detail of carapace. C. Detail of antero-lateral margin of carapace. Arrows indicating the two projections. D. Detail of right coxa IV." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604125/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Figs 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136989C5252B112EFCC55129842AFE75" box="[821,854,371,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[312,1296,313,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@22.[261,1345,291,1828]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 14. Line drawings of male genitalia of Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. male holotype (LES 00341). A. Full genitalia, dorsal view. B. Detail of pars distalis, dorsal view. C. Detail of capsula interna, dorsal view. D. Detail of pars distalis, lateral view. E. Same, ventral view. Red lines: capsula interna. Blue lines: conductors. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604141/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2DC5C8252B112EFF4D57D28684F811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604125" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10604125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604125/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" startId="14.[189,233,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1399,488,1849]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BED9540252B112EFF4D57D28684F811" blockId="14.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B9264952252B112EFF4D57D28670F85A" bold="true" box="[189,268,1928,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC3252B112EFEE557D28683F85A" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[277,511,1928,1954]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9264952252B112EFEE557D28683F85A" box="[277,511,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">Spaeleoleptes gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F429252B112EFDF757D2851BF85A" box="[519,615,1928,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male paratype (LES 027942), dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B9264952252B112EFB8857D283F1F85A" bold="true" box="[1144,1165,1928,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">A</emphasis>
. Habitus.
<emphasis id="B9264952252B112EFAFA57D28262F85A" bold="true" box="[1290,1310,1928,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">B</emphasis>
. Detail of carapace.
<emphasis id="B9264952252B112EFEAB57F1860CF83D" bold="true" box="[347,368,1963,1989]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">C</emphasis>
. Detail of antero-lateral margin of carapace. Arrows indicating the two projections.
<emphasis id="B9264952252B112EFF4D579487AEF810" bold="true" box="[189,210,1998,2024]" pageId="14" pageNumber="50">D</emphasis>
. Detail of right coxa IV.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C348C6CB252A1133FF4D51528246FD50" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF4D51528632FEDA" blockId="15.[189,334,264,290]" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="D0A5222C252A112FFF4D51528632FEDA" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9264952252A112FFF4D51528632FEDA" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF1A516D85BBFEA9" blockId="15.[189,1399,311,443]" box="[234,711,311,337]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B9264952252A112FFF1A516D8656FEA9" bold="true" box="[234,298,311,337]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Male</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54E92BE2252A112FFEC9516D86DEFEA9" box="[313,418,311,337]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
LES 00341) (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFDB7516D85C3FEA9" box="[583,703,311,337]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStart-7="Fig" captionStartId-0="14.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionStartId-2="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionStartId-3="18.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-4="19.[189,231,1926,1952]" captionStartId-5="20.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-6="21.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-7="22.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,376,1888]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1399,463,1804]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1399,1006,1878]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1399,794,1853]" captionTargetBox-6="[189,1399,412,1924]" captionTargetBox-7="[312,1296,313,1800]" captionTargetId-0="figure-100@14.[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@16.[189,1399,376,1888]" captionTargetId-2="figure-155@17.[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetId-3="figure-38@18.[189,1399,463,1807]" captionTargetId-4="figure-212@19.[189,1399,1006,1881]" captionTargetId-5="figure-70@20.[189,1399,794,1853]" captionTargetId-6="figure-74@21.[189,1399,412,1924]" captionTargetId-7="figure-0@22.[261,1345,291,1828]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionTargetPageId-4="19" captionTargetPageId-5="20" captionTargetPageId-6="21" captionTargetPageId-7="22" captionText-0="Fig. 7. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), dorsal view. A. Habitus. B. Detail of carapace. C. Detail of antero-lateral margin of carapace. Arrows indicating the two projections. D. Detail of right coxa IV." captionText-1="Fig. 8. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Lateral carapace showing the ozopore region. C. Habitus, ventral view. D. Epistome, anterolateral view. E. Detail of spiracle area." captionText-2="Fig. 9. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942). A. Right chelicera, ectal view. B. Right chelicera, mesal view. C. Right chelicera, frontal view. D. Right pedipalp, ectal view. E. Right pedipalp, mesal view. F. Detail of the two basal major spines on ventral femur of right pedipalp, ectal view. G. Detail of major spine on right pedipalp with very small and sparse microtrichia, ectal view. H. Detail of spines on mesal distal femur of right pedipalp, mesal view." captionText-3="Fig. 10. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg I. A. Right leg I, dorsal view. B. Detail of distal area of tíbia I, dorsal view. C. Detail of glandular/sensorial? region on tibia I, dorsal view. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings, dorsal view. E. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs." captionText-4="Fig. 11. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg II. A. Right leg II, ventral view. B. Detail of patella II, ventral view. C. Detail of tibia II, ventral view.Arrows point to some of the glandular/ sensorial? openings. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs, ventral view." captionText-5="Fig. 12. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), right legs. A. Leg II, retrolateral view. B. Detail of distal region of metatarsus II, dorsal view. C. Leg III, retrolateral view. Inset shows detail of distal region of metatarsus III, dorsal view, scale 100 µm. D. Leg IV, retrolateral view. Inset shows detail of distal region of metatarsus IV, dorsal view, scale 100 µm." captionText-6="Fig. 13. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male holotype (LES 00341), habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Lateral view." captionText-7="Fig. 14. Line drawings of male genitalia of Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. male holotype (LES 00341). A. Full genitalia, dorsal view. B. Detail of pars distalis, dorsal view. C. Detail of capsula interna, dorsal view. D. Detail of pars distalis, lateral view. E. Same, ventral view. Red lines: capsula interna. Blue lines: conductors. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604125" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604127" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604129" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604133" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604135" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604137" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604139" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604141" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10604125/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10604127/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10604129/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10604133/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10604135/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/10604137/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/10604139/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/10604141/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Figs 714</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF4D51008561FE43" blockId="15.[189,1399,311,443]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters). Total bodY length =2.18; carapace length =0.77; scutum magnum length =1.84; carapace maximum width= 1.07; mesotergal scute maximum width=1.5. Leg measurements in
<tableCitation id="C6D0A0FB252A112FFE4F51FB856BFE43" box="[447,535,417,443]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="11.[188,257,629,658]" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Body and leg measurements (in mm) of analyzed specimens of Spaeleoleptes spaeleus H. Soares, 1966 and Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. Abbreviations: tr=trochanter; fe=femur; pa=patella; ti=tibia; me=metatarsus; ta=tarsus." pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF4D51B8853CFE04" blockId="15.[189,576,482,509]" box="[189,576,482,509]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">BODY. EntirelY finelY granulated.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF4D527E838CFC1C" blockId="15.[189,1399,547,996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
DORSUM (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFEC152798603FDC6" box="[305,383,547,574]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-100@14.[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 7. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), dorsal view. A. Habitus. B. Detail of carapace. C. Detail of antero-lateral margin of carapace. Arrows indicating the two projections. D. Detail of right coxa IV." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604125/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Figs 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFE7D527E86D1FDC6" box="[397,429,548,574]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,412,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-74@21.[189,1399,412,1924]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 13. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male holotype (LES 00341), habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604139/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">13</figureCitation>
). Scutum magnum hourglass-shaped with the carapace slightly narrower than the mesotergal shield. Mesotergal shield trapezoidal, with areas increasing in width in an anteroposterior direction, with area I being the smallest and area IV the largest (along transversal axis). Areas IV and V with the same width. Anterior margin of carapace straight, with no pronounced cheliceral sockets. Posterior margin of scutum straight. Each antero-lateral margin of the carapace is armed with two small, round-tipped tubercles close to each other. Massive ocularium. Ocularium rounded, with several small granules on the surface. Two reduced eyes on the lateral surface of the ocularium, with cornea and retina. Carapace in lateral view with the posterior ocularium region slightly convex, armed with two thickened granules. Deep sulci I. Mesotergal scutum with five distinguishable areas of approximatelY the same size (along anteroposterior axis). Sulci IIIV shallow (not well marked), especiallY the sulci III and IV. Sulci IIIV complete, extending from center to edge of mesotergum. Areas IIV with several setiferous tubercles. Area V and free tergites each with a transversal row of setiferous tubercles. Coxa IV visible in dorsal view, armed with several small setiferous tubercles on the retrolateral-dorsal surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF4D545685FEFAE4" blockId="15.[189,1399,1035,1308]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
VENTER (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFEDD5451860BFBDD" box="[301,375,1035,1061]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-100@14.[189,1399,488,1849]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 7. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), dorsal view. A. Habitus. B. Detail of carapace. C. Detail of antero-lateral margin of carapace. Arrows indicating the two projections. D. Detail of right coxa IV." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604125/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Free sternites each with a transverse row of small and rounded setiferous tubercles. Anal operculum covered by many low, robust setiferous tubercles of the same size as those of the free tergites. Coxa IV slightlY rounded, longer than wide, with no setiferous tubercles on the ventral surface. Coxa IV with a cYlinder-shaped projection on the ventro-distal portion, next to sternites. Spiracles somewhat concealed bY coxa IV. Epistome with sulcus well marked. Post-sulcal epistome wider than tall, with a medial groove dividing the post-sulcal epistome into two convex domes. Basal pre-sulcal epistome wide and long, almost triangular. Pre-sulcal epistome process long and somewhat cylindrical, without median constriction (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFDE655588509FAE4" box="[534,629,1282,1308]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,376,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-30@16.[189,1399,376,1888]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 8. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Lateral carapace showing the ozopore region. C. Habitus, ventral view. D. Epistome, anterolateral view. E. Detail of spiracle area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604127/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF4D55198216FA78" blockId="15.[189,1398,1347,1409]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
CHELICERA (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFEA0551986ABFAA5" box="[336,471,1347,1373]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-155@17.[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942). A. Right chelicera, ectal view. B. Right chelicera, mesal view. C. Right chelicera, frontal view. D. Right pedipalp, ectal view. E. Right pedipalp, mesal view. F. Detail of the two basal major spines on ventral femur of right pedipalp, ectal view. G. Detail of major spine on right pedipalp with very small and sparse microtrichia, ectal view. H. Detail of spines on mesal distal femur of right pedipalp, mesal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604129/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Figs 9AC</figureCitation>
). Basichelicerite unarmed, with a well-marked rounded bulla. Cheliceral hand unarmed, normal, neither swollen nor hypertelic, covered with several sensilla on the anterior surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A112FFF4D55F283BBF924" blockId="15.[189,1399,1448,1756]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
PEDIPALP (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFECB55F286B9FA3A" box="[315,453,1448,1474]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-155@17.[189,1399,457,1818]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942). A. Right chelicera, ectal view. B. Right chelicera, mesal view. C. Right chelicera, frontal view. D. Right pedipalp, ectal view. E. Right pedipalp, mesal view. F. Detail of the two basal major spines on ventral femur of right pedipalp, ectal view. G. Detail of major spine on right pedipalp with very small and sparse microtrichia, ectal view. H. Detail of spines on mesal distal femur of right pedipalp, mesal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604129/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Figs 9DH</figureCitation>
). Raptorial morphotYpe (sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3E8B1252A112FFCCF55F2836EFA3A" author="Wolff J. O. &amp; Schonhofer A. L. &amp; Martens J. &amp; Wijnhoven H. &amp; TaYlor C. K. &amp; Gorb S. N." box="[831,1042,1448,1474]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" pagination="558 - 601" refId="ref10703" refString="Wolff J. O., Schonhofer A. L., Martens J., Wijnhoven H., TaYlor C. K. &amp; Gorb S. N. 2016. The evolution of pedipalps and glandular hairs as predatory devices in harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 177: 558 - 601. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12375" type="journal article" year="2016">
Wolff
<emphasis id="B9264952252A112FFC7B55F384B4FA3A" box="[907,968,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Coxa short, unarmed, finelY granulated and with a row of three small granules on the mesal surface. Trochanter globular, with one small setiferous tubercle dorsally and two pronounced setiferous tubercles disto-ventrally, with two other pronounced granules baso-ventrally. Femur armed ventrally with two proximal and two smaller medial major spines (i.e., stiff pointed bristles in highlY elevated sockets, sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3E8B1252A112FFB63566F8216F9B7" author="Wolff J. O. &amp; Schonhofer A. L. &amp; Martens J. &amp; Wijnhoven H. &amp; TaYlor C. K. &amp; Gorb S. N." box="[1171,1386,1589,1615]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" pagination="558 - 601" refId="ref10703" refString="Wolff J. O., Schonhofer A. L., Martens J., Wijnhoven H., TaYlor C. K. &amp; Gorb S. N. 2016. The evolution of pedipalps and glandular hairs as predatory devices in harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 177: 558 - 601. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12375" type="journal article" year="2016">
Wolff
<emphasis id="B9264952252A112FFB10566F8263F9B7" box="[1248,1311,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
); dorsally with a row of small granules and two subdistal-mesal major spines. Patella cylindrical, armed with one ventro-medial major spine on the mesal surface. Tibia armed ventrally with four ectal and four mesal major spines. Tarsus armed ventrally with three ectal and three mesal major spines. All major spines possess very small and sparse microtrichia covering the distal half. Claw present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED9540252A1130FF4D575983D2FEBF" blockId="15.[189,1399,1795,1997]" lastBlockId="16.[189,1399,265,327]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">
LEGS (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFEF6575986F2F8E5" box="[262,398,1795,1821]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="18.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-1="19.[189,231,1926,1952]" captionStartId-2="20.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,463,1804]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,1006,1878]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,794,1853]" captionTargetId-0="figure-38@18.[189,1399,463,1807]" captionTargetId-1="figure-212@19.[189,1399,1006,1881]" captionTargetId-2="figure-70@20.[189,1399,794,1853]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionText-0="Fig. 10. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg I. A. Right leg I, dorsal view. B. Detail of distal area of tíbia I, dorsal view. C. Detail of glandular/sensorial? region on tibia I, dorsal view. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings, dorsal view. E. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs." captionText-1="Fig. 11. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg II. A. Right leg II, ventral view. B. Detail of patella II, ventral view. C. Detail of tibia II, ventral view.Arrows point to some of the glandular/ sensorial? openings. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs, ventral view." captionText-2="Fig. 12. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), right legs. A. Leg II, retrolateral view. B. Detail of distal region of metatarsus II, dorsal view. C. Leg III, retrolateral view. Inset shows detail of distal region of metatarsus III, dorsal view, scale 100 µm. D. Leg IV, retrolateral view. Inset shows detail of distal region of metatarsus IV, dorsal view, scale 100 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604133" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604135" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604137" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10604133/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10604135/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10604137/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Figs 1012</figureCitation>
). Cuticle of legs is scale-like and granulated except on calcaneus and tarsus. Calcaneus restricted to the distal portion of legs. Legs I and II sexually dimorphic, males with thickened tibia I. The glandular/sensorial? region is present on the retrolateral surface and extends from the subproximal region to the subdistal region of tibia I, occupying the entire medial area (
<figureCitation id="136989C5252A112FFBB2573683E0F87F" box="[1090,1180,1900,1927]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,463,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-38@18.[189,1399,463,1807]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 10. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg I. A. Right leg I, dorsal view. B. Detail of distal area of tíbia I, dorsal view. C. Detail of glandular/sensorial? region on tibia I, dorsal view. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings, dorsal view. E. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604133/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Males also have glandular/sensorial? openings with “droplet-like” pegs on the patella and tibia II ventrallY, but different from what is observed in
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC3252A112FFE0A57E98509F835" authorityName="Soares" authorityYear="1966" box="[506,629,1971,1997]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spaeleu">
<emphasis id="B9264952252A112FFE0A57E98509F835" box="[506,629,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">S. spaeleu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s. In
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC3252A112FFD4657E9846FF835" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[694,787,1971,1997]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9264952252A112FFD4657E9846FF835" box="[694,787,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="51">S. gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F429252A112FFCEE57E98401F835" box="[798,893,1971,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the glandular/sensorial? openings are not concentrated in one region but are dispersed throughout the ventral region of the patela and tibia II (
<figureCitation id="136989C525351130FF3651768660FEBE" box="[198,284,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,231,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1006,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-212@19.[189,1399,1006,1881]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 11. Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov., male paratype (LES 027942), leg II. A. Right leg II, ventral view. B. Detail of patella II, ventral view. C. Detail of tibia II, ventral view.Arrows point to some of the glandular/ sensorial? openings. D. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604135/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Patella and tibia II are not expanded ventrally. Tarsal formula: 4(2):6(3):5:5.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2DC5C825351130FF4D57D28695F811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10604127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604127/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="52" startId="16.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1399,376,1888]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BED954025351130FF4D57D28695F811" blockId="16.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B926495225351130FF4D57D28670F85A" bold="true" box="[189,268,1928,1954]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC325351130FEE457D28686F85A" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[276,506,1928,1954]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="16" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B926495225351130FEE457D28686F85A" box="[276,506,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">Spaeleoleptes gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F42925351130FDF357D2851EF85A" box="[515,610,1928,1954]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male paratype (LES 027942).
<emphasis id="B926495225351130FC2657D28497F85A" bold="true" box="[982,1003,1928,1954]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="B926495225351130FAF057D28268F85A" bold="true" box="[1280,1300,1928,1954]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">B</emphasis>
. Lateral carapace showing the ozopore region.
<emphasis id="B926495225351130FD5257F185CBF83D" bold="true" box="[674,695,1963,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">C</emphasis>
. Habitus, ventral view.
<emphasis id="B926495225351130FC1957F18482F83D" bold="true" box="[1001,1022,1963,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">D</emphasis>
. Epistome, anterolateral view.
<emphasis id="B926495225351130FF4D579487ADF810" bold="true" box="[189,209,1998,2024]" pageId="16" pageNumber="52">E</emphasis>
. Detail of spiracle area.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED954025341132FF4D51538411FE91" blockId="17.[189,1399,265,397]" lastBlockId="18.[189,1399,265,361]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">
MALE GENITALIA (
<figureCitation id="136989C525341131FE605153869EFEDB" box="[400,482,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[312,1296,313,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@22.[261,1345,291,1828]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 14. Line drawings of male genitalia of Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. male holotype (LES 00341). A. Full genitalia, dorsal view. B. Detail of pars distalis, dorsal view. C. Detail of capsula interna, dorsal view. D. Detail of pars distalis, lateral view. E. Same, ventral view. Red lines: capsula interna. Blue lines: conductors. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604141/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">Fig.14</figureCitation>
). Pars distalis swollen, separated from the pars basalis by a slight constriction. Pars distalis with a ventral keel with straight top in ventral view. Pars distalis with a broad apical lamina with narrow base that does not surround the glans ventrolaterally. Apical lamina with two very small setae located in a depression in the mid-apical region. Apical lamina with four lateral pairs of setae ventrally reduced. The other four ventral setae reduced on the pars distalis. Glans with a pair of very robust, thickened, and folded conductors, almost completely covering the capsula interna. Capsula interna with lateral projections distallY flattened.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2DC5C825341131FF4D571B837FF810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604129" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10604129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604129/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="53" startId="17.[189,232,1857,1883]" targetBox="[189,1399,457,1818]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BED954025341131FF4D571B837FF810" blockId="17.[189,1399,1857,2025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FF4D571B866CF8A3" bold="true" box="[189,272,1857,1883]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC325341131FEEC571B857AF8A3" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[284,518,1857,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="17" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FEEC571B857AF8A3" box="[284,518,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">Spaeleoleptes gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F42925341131FDE35718850AF8A4" box="[531,630,1858,1884]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male paratype (LES 027942).
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FC0F571B8368F8A3" bold="true" box="[1023,1044,1857,1883]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
. Right chelicera, ectal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FF4D573F87ADF887" bold="true" box="[189,209,1893,1919]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
. Right chelicera, mesal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FDC1573E853AF886" bold="true" box="[561,582,1892,1918]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">C</emphasis>
. Right chelicera, frontal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FC40573F84B9F887" bold="true" box="[944,965,1893,1919]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">D</emphasis>
. Right pedipalp, ectal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FAE3573F825BF887" bold="true" box="[1299,1319,1893,1919]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">E</emphasis>
. Right pedipalp, mesal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FE3557D286ABF85A" bold="true" box="[453,471,1928,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">F</emphasis>
. Detail of the two basal major spines on ventral femur of right pedipalp, ectal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FEF457F18667F83D" bold="true" box="[260,283,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
. Detail of major spine on right pedipalp with very small and sparse microtrichia, ectal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225341131FF4D579487A8F810" bold="true" box="[189,212,1998,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="53">H</emphasis>
. Detail of spines on mesal distal femur of right pedipalp, mesal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2DC5C825371132FF4D573E869BF811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10604133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10604133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10604133/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="54" startId="18.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[189,1399,463,1804]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BED954025371132FF4D573E869BF811" blockId="18.[189,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B926495225371132FF4D573E8667F887" bold="true" box="[189,283,1892,1919]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC325371132FED4573F8576F887" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[292,522,1893,1919]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="18" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B926495225371132FED4573F8576F887" box="[292,522,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">Spaeleoleptes gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F42925371132FDE4573F850EF887" box="[532,626,1893,1919]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male paratype (LES 027942), leg I.
<emphasis id="B926495225371132FBC0573E8339F886" bold="true" box="[1072,1093,1892,1918]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">A</emphasis>
. Right leg I, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225371132FF4D57D287ADF85A" bold="true" box="[189,209,1928,1954]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">B</emphasis>
. Detail of distal area of tíbia I, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225371132FD2A57D28593F85A" bold="true" box="[730,751,1928,1954]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">C</emphasis>
. Detail of glandular/sensorial? region on tibia I, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225371132FEF257F1866BF83D" bold="true" box="[258,279,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">D</emphasis>
. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B926495225371132FC7D57F184DDF83D" bold="true" box="[909,929,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="54">E</emphasis>
. Detail of glandular/sensorial? openings with droplet-like pegs.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED954025361133FF1A51538514FEDB" blockId="19.[189,1399,265,397]" box="[234,616,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B926495225361133FF1A51538639FEDB" bold="true" box="[234,325,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">Female</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54E92BE225361133FEA5515386C3FEDB" box="[341,447,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, LES 027941)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED954025361133FF4D51768644FE75" blockId="19.[189,1399,265,397]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">
MEASUREMENTS (in millimeters). Total bodY length =2.3; carapace length =0.8; scutum magnum length =1.8; carapace maximum width= 1.1; mesotergal scute maximum width =1.6. Leg measurements in
<tableCitation id="C6D0A0FB25361133FF2B5128864FFE75" box="[219,307,370,397]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="11.[188,257,629,658]" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Body and leg measurements (in mm) of analyzed specimens of Spaeleoleptes spaeleus H. Soares, 1966 and Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. Abbreviations: tr=trochanter; fe=femur; pa=patella; ti=tibia; me=metatarsus; ta=tarsus." pageId="19" pageNumber="55">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED954025361133FF4D51EE856AFE0A" blockId="19.[189,1398,436,498]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">BODY. Similar in appearance to the males but without the modified region on the tibia I, II and patella II. Tarsal formula: 4(2):6(3):5:5.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED954025361133FF4D52438602FDCA" blockId="19.[189,382,536,563]" box="[189,382,536,563]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="D0A5222C25361133FF4D52438602FDCA" bold="true" box="[189,382,536,563]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B926495225361133FF4D52438602FDCA" bold="true" box="[189,382,536,563]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">Natural history</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED954025361133FF4D521D8246FD50" blockId="19.[189,1399,583,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">
The specimens were found in the aphotic zone near the water body inside the Gruta Natal cave (phreatic water); theY were under rocks in highlY moist susbtrate. TheY were not grouped and did not show gregarious habit. It is noteworthy that
<taxonomicName id="4C52EEC325361133FD8E52D485ABFD50" authority="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González, 2024" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Bichuette &amp; Pérez-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[638,727,654,680]" class="Arachnida" family="Escadabiidae" genus="Spaeleoleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="19" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gimli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B926495225361133FD8E52D485ABFD50" box="[638,727,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">S. gimli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215F42925361133FD2F52D48445FD50" box="[735,825,654,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
exhibits thanatosis as a defensive behavior.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348C6CB25361133FF4D52958453FCE0" box="[189,815,719,792]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BED954025361133FF4D5295862AFD11" blockId="19.[189,342,719,745]" box="[189,342,719,745]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="D0A5222C25361133FF4D5295862AFD11" bold="true" box="[189,342,719,745]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B926495225361133FF4D5295862AFD11" bold="true" box="[189,342,719,745]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED954025361133FF4D52A48453FCE0" blockId="19.[189,815,765,792]" box="[189,815,765,792]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="54E92BE225361133FE3252A48689FCE0" box="[450,501,766,792]" pageId="19" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
locality, Gruta Natal cave.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>