540 lines
71 KiB
XML
540 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="57FFF8BBF24071AB64CDB0C21F14AE08" ID-CLB-Dataset="25521" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4671.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3eb548e-fa57-4a0e-8d2d-5e299b5b136e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442218" ID-ZooBank="FB9526DD-4A01-422A-ACC3-A50AB0A6AF40" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1568800323436" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hemp, Claudia & Heller, Klaus-Gerhard" docDate="2019" docId="03F74008FFC6FFA8FF4C83FF683C9B47" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4671.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4671 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Kefalia laeta Hemp & Heller 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="182" masterDocId="FFCE3870FFDCFFB7FFDB860C6B209924" masterDocTitle="Orthoptera (Tettigoniidae and Acridoidea) from Miombo woodlands of Central Tanzania with the description of new taxa" masterLastPageNumber="194" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1698755090897" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="078960F850CD358911A8C77196209BCB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9B96E7A81B3C5D0D8CC56FDFC72949D6">
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<mods:title id="E53AE1C71306FEF297A9C40D539C4CCC">Orthoptera (Tettigoniidae and Acridoidea) from Miombo woodlands of Central Tanzania with the description of new taxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0634ADCF2A0A3C1E527ECEAE6D9FCCE2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B80280258541CA7EA82357E7E44A0D2F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E92E0F9F919BDED03CE6AFE73F1F0478">Hemp, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="5454AB27A84CD483B30D1730E7B8974B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E761334018A10C6749C88F2DD377D09B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="738B0580682AA86F4B0759B0DB855177">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9C940DB619C66A41C6D60ADD76C59D66">Heller, Klaus-Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A9CA314C16FB892C3E083506D3B0C146">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F68EF79FEE8E8EF0360408CEE02B3961">
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<mods:title id="88B8F434CB1B96AD17149623CB209CAB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7A11D75666CF36C2EDC9A3A78F924071">
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<mods:date id="F4B59E5244706827C76BC6B6EF50D574">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="097B17D662489EC90F6902FB83E0F1D8">2019-09-17</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9B0732E2324EC63BEB1072CE05DADB6D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CEDEFD8F254C7899452277D69CE19753">4671</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="52BCC03641B210486D88A1CDE4E252C0" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="986760040AC003FB348A57E162176C79">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A7CEA257A6AA3A9BB90FFFA225FD1F5B">151</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="ACD10DE24D67E8B935CFD6C58F861A9B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="417D907361E12B00DE18907CA022F3FC" type="CLB-Dataset">25521</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1F56D3A291B541DEB9533760EB89DA19" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4671.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="05648B780E58FB9E4EAE159219FA92CA" type="GBIF-Dataset">e3eb548e-fa57-4a0e-8d2d-5e299b5b136e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B0EC745F9C3843ECD9EFE434FAE8104D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F74008FFC6FFA8FF4C83FF683C9B47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5586981" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159608236" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5586981" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F74008FFC6FFA8FF4C83FF683C9B47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F74008FFC6FFA8FF4C83FF683C9B47" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC6FFADFF4C83FF6AD29F29" box="[151,498,1523,1550]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC6FFADFF4C83FF6AD29F29" blockId="26.[151,691,1523,1586]" box="[151,498,1523,1550]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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<heading id="D0A94672FFC6FFADFF4C83FF6AD29F29" bold="true" box="[151,498,1523,1550]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFF4C83FF6AD29F29" bold="true" box="[151,498,1523,1550]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC6FFADFF4C83FF6A129F2A" ID-CoL="8PZNG" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,306,1523,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFF4C83FF6A129F2A" bold="true" box="[151,306,1523,1550]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Kefalia laeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC6FFADFEE383F86A5B9F2A" box="[312,379,1524,1550]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Hemp C.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC6FFADFF4C801B69939F16" box="[151,691,1559,1586]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC6FFADFF4C801B69939F16" blockId="26.[151,691,1523,1586]" box="[151,691,1559,1586]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFF44801B6A379F16" box="[159,279,1559,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1696,1721]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1381,1677]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,1381,1677]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 25. Stridulatory files of Kefalia species. A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. omorfa n. sp. C. K. grafika n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442275/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Figs. 25 A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFEF9801B6A7B9F16" box="[290,347,1559,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1872,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,481,1852]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 26. Male apices of Kefalia species. A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442277/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">26 A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFEBD80146ABF9F16" box="[358,415,1560,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1430,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 27. Subgenital plates of male Kefalia species A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. omorfa n. sp. C. K. grafika n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442281/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">27 A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFE71801469249F16" box="[426,516,1560,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 28. Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female Kefalia species A, B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. laeta n. sp. E, F. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">28 C, D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFDCB8014690E9F16" box="[528,558,1560,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1748,1773]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,1185,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[178,1410,1185,1728]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 29. Kefalia grafika n. sp. from Wotta Forest Reserve on the Mpwapwa plateau, male (A) and female (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442287/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">29</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFDE1801469789F16" box="[570,600,1560,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1108,1133]" captionTargetBox="[182,1407,251,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[169,1417,265,1088]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 31. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. 40-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442291/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFDBF801469A29F16" box="[612,642,1560,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,1133,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,1147,1926]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 32. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. Details of pronounced song ending, 1-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442293/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFD558014698B9F16" box="[654,683,1560,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 34. Power spectra of the calling song of Eulioptera and Kefalia species. In species with restricted frequency range black lines mark its end. In K. grafika n. sp., the spectrum of the long group of impulses is indicated in blue and that of the final isolated impulses in green." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442297/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">34</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC6FFADFF4C80546E769FB2" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC6FFADFF4C80546E769FB2" blockId="26.[151,1437,1624,2041]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B36FB43FFC6FFADFF4C80546ABB9FB2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413161154" collectingDate="2019-02" country="Tanzania" county="Mingali Forest Reserve" elevation="1800" location="Miombo" municipality="Kondoa District" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dodoma" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFF4C80546A299F56" bold="true" box="[151,265,1624,1650]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E54FBCFFC6FFADFF4C80546A249F56" box="[151,260,1624,1650]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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||
Male.
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<collectingCountry id="F349B18EFFC6FFADFE8E80546A9A9F56" box="[341,442,1624,1650]" name="Tanzania" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62808992FFC6FFADFE1E805469E99F57" box="[453,713,1624,1651]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Mingali Forest Reserve</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B856B64FFC6FFADFD0F805468A69F56" box="[724,902,1624,1650]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Kondoa District</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="499A3FFCFFC6FFADFC4A80546F689F56" box="[913,1096,1624,1650]" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Dodoma Region</collectingRegion>
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, montane
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<location id="8E81A7C5FFC6FFADFB6280546E389F56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F74008FFC6FFA8FF4C83FF683C9B47:8E81A7C5FFC6FFADFB6280546E389F56" box="[1209,1304,1624,1650]" country="Tanzania" county="Mingali Forest Reserve" municipality="Kondoa District" name="Miombo" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Dodoma">Miombo</location>
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woodlands,
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<quantity id="4CA65CFBFFC6FFADFF4C80706BCD9FB2" box="[151,237,1660,1686]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="1800.0">
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<elevation id="0073162DFFC6FFADFF4C80706BCD9FB2" box="[151,237,1660,1686]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFE0D7DEFFC6FFADFF2380706ABB9FB2" box="[248,411,1660,1686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2019-02">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFA42E36FFC6FFADFF2380706ABB9FB2" box="[248,411,1660,1686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2019-02">February 2019</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B36FB43FFC6FFADFE7D80706E729FB2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413161135" box="[422,1362,1659,1686]" collectingDate="2019-02" collectorName="Depository & Collection C. Hemp" country="Tanzania" county="Mingali Forest Reserve" elevation="1800" location="Miombo" municipality="Kondoa District" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Dodoma" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54E54FBCFFC6FFADFE7D807069359FB2" box="[422,533,1660,1686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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||
<specimenCount id="9D583A97FFC6FFADFDC58070694B9FB2" box="[542,619,1660,1686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D583A97FFC6FFADFDAE807769C29FB2" box="[629,738,1659,1686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
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||
, same data as holotype.
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||
<collectorName id="26AB94C8FFC6FFADFC3180706F489FB2" box="[1002,1128,1660,1686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Depository</collectorName>
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||
:
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||
<collectorName id="26AB94C8FFC6FFADFBA980706E729FB2" box="[1138,1362,1660,1686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Collection C. Hemp</collectorName>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC6FFABFF1C809269A899D8" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC6FFADFF1C809268799EDD" blockId="26.[151,1437,1624,2041]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFF1C80926A799F9D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1694,1721]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Male.
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||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFE77809368649F9D" box="[428,836,1695,1721]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">General habitus and colour pattern</emphasis>
|
||
. Typical
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC6FFADFC6A80936F459F9D" authorityName="H.Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[945,1125,1695,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phaneropterinae">phaneropterinae</taxonomicName>
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with long legs and narrow wings. Pattern of black and green tegmina. Lateral sides of abdomen with creamy broad fascia bordered above by dorsal green band, below by green-brown band, venter of abdomen reddish (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFBD280EA6F5C9E24" box="[1033,1148,1766,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1301,1326]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,265,1281]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 30. Kefalia laeta n. sp. from Mingali Forest Reserve A. Male B. Mating pair C, D. Different colour forms of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442289/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 30 A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum dorsal green, lateral with conspicuous yellow fascia.
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||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFD96810668079E07" box="[589,807,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Head and antennae</emphasis>
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||
. Fastigium of vertex as for genus, compressed, narrower than first antennal segment, sulcate above. Eyes oval, prominent.Antennae very long and thin, about three times the length of body; of brown-reddish colour.
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<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFDBC815D69E69E4E" box="[615,710,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Tegmina</emphasis>
|
||
. Stridulatory file situated on bulge; teeth densely set, decreasing in size, strongly but evenly curved up-wards at outer side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFCFF817868B19EAA" box="[804,913,1907,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1696,1721]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1381,1677]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,1381,1677]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 25. Stridulatory files of Kefalia species. A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. omorfa n. sp. C. K. grafika n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442275/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 25 A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC6FFADFC7E81796F589EAA" box="[933,1144,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Legs and abdomen</emphasis>
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||
. Fore and mid femora unarmed or with 1–2 very small spinules. Tenth abdominal tergite with only slightly incurved posterior margin. Cerci round in diameter, narrowing at posterior part, slightly compressed and tips sclerotized and incurved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFAC481B76EB09EF1" box="[1311,1424,1979,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1872,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,481,1852]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 26. Male apices of Kefalia species. A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442277/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 26 A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subgenital plate with median v-shaped indentation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC6FFADFD0481D2686D9EDD" box="[735,845,2014,2041]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1430,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 27. Subgenital plates of male Kefalia species A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. omorfa n. sp. C. K. grafika n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442281/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 27 A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC7FFACFF1C8695683699DE" blockId="27.[151,1436,153,392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
Female. Predominantly green or mottled (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC7FFACFD40869569CC9997" box="[667,748,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1301,1326]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,265,1281]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 30. Kefalia laeta n. sp. from Mingali Forest Reserve A. Male B. Mating pair C, D. Different colour forms of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442289/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
B–D). Elytra with dark margins, also tips dark. Ovipositor as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC7FFACFF6886B06A1E99F3" box="[179,318,188,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 28. Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female Kefalia species A, B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. laeta n. sp. E, F. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Fig. 28 C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
. Subgenital plate narrow tri-angular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC7FFACFD0086B0686699F2" box="[731,838,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 28. Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female Kefalia species A, B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. laeta n. sp. E, F. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Fig. 28 C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior margin of 10
|
||
<superScript id="7C2B5C56FFC7FFACFB8986B76F7F99ED" attach="left" box="[1106,1119,187,201]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">th</superScript>
|
||
abdominal tergite depressed in middle; cerci round and thick, tips narrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC7FFACFD4186EC682999DE" box="[666,777,224,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 28. Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female Kefalia species A, B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. laeta n. sp. E, F. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Fig. 28 D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC7FFACFF1C870869359865" blockId="27.[151,1436,153,392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Measurements, males (mm) (N=1). Total length of body 12.2; Median length of pronotum 3.0; Length of hind femur 14.5; Length of elytra 14.0.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC7FFACFF1C87476F5498AC" blockId="27.[151,1436,153,392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Measurements, females (mm) (N=5). Total length of body 16.5–19.2; Median length of pronotum 3.1–3.6; Length of hind femur 16.4–17.5; Length of elytra 2.4–4.1; Length of ovipositor 6.4–7.2.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC7FFACFF4C825A69F89DB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" startId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" targetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC7FFACFF4C825A69F89DB7" blockId="27.[151,1437,1110,1171]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFF4C825A6A029D4B" bold="true" box="[151,290,1110,1135]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
|
||
Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC7FFACFB7B825B6FCB9D4B" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1184,1259,1111,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFB7B825B6FCB9D4B" box="[1184,1259,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFA9F825A6E5C9D4B" bold="true" box="[1348,1404,1110,1135]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">A, B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC7FFACFA5E825B6BC09DB7" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFA5E825B6BC09DB7" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFF3C82776A7E9DB7" bold="true" box="[231,350,1146,1171]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC7FFACFF3C82776A009DB7" box="[231,288,1147,1171]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
C, D.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC7FFACFEBF82776A959DB7" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[356,437,1147,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFEBF82776A959DB7" box="[356,437,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">K. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFE608277690A9DB7" bold="true" box="[443,554,1147,1171]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC7FFACFE6082776AD49DB7" box="[443,500,1147,1171]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
E, F.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC7FFACFDEA827769B89DB7" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[561,664,1147,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFDEA827769B89DB7" box="[561,664,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC7FFACFD45827769F89DB7" box="[670,728,1147,1171]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC7FFACFF4C80D86E089FC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442287" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442287" box="[151,1320,1748,1773]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442287/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" startId="27.[151,250,1748,1773]" targetBox="[178,1410,1185,1728]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC7FFACFF4C80D86E089FC8" blockId="27.[151,1320,1748,1773]" box="[151,1320,1748,1773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFF4C80D86A009FC9" bold="true" box="[151,288,1748,1773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC7FFACFEFD80D86AE09FC8" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[294,448,1748,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFEFD80D86AE09FC8" box="[294,448,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Kefalia grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFE1D80D969209FC9" bold="true" box="[454,512,1749,1773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC7FFACFE1D80D969209FC9" box="[454,512,1749,1773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Wotta Forest Reserve on the Mpwapwa plateau, male (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFBB280D86F5B9FC9" bold="true" box="[1129,1147,1748,1773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">A</emphasis>
|
||
) and female (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFAD380D96E399FC9" bold="true" box="[1288,1305,1749,1773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">B</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC7FFABFF1C811669A899D8" blockId="27.[151,1437,1818,2025]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,153,252]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFF1C81166A299E11" bold="true" box="[199,265,1818,1845]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Song.</emphasis>
|
||
The typical male calling song is quite similar to the of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC7FFACFC4D81106F3E9E11" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[918,1054,1819,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFC4D81106F3E9E11" box="[918,1054,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">K. omorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above). It consisted of long sequences (26±4 s: range 20–32; n=10) of short syllables which increased more or less continuously in amplitude (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC7FFACFF7B816F6BD39E59" box="[160,243,1891,1917]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1108,1133]" captionTargetBox="[182,1407,251,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[169,1417,265,1088]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 31. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. 40-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442291/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
). In syllable repetition rate, regularly slight differences were observed within one sequence. The sequence started with periods of 49.7±4.3 ms (SRR 20.1 Hz), became faster in the middle part (35.2±1.5 ms; SRR 28.4 Hz) and slowed down at the end (47.5±2.9 ms; SRR 21.1 Hz; all T=25ºC). The last element of a sequence was invariably separated from the previous by a large interval and had the same structure as in the other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC7FFACFB5A81C36FF39ECD" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1153,1235,1999,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC7FFACFB5A81C36FF39ECD" box="[1153,1235,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC7FFACFAE081C36EAD9ECD" box="[1339,1421,1999,2025]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,1133,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,1147,1926]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 32. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. Details of pronounced song ending, 1-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442293/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
). Typically after the end of the sequence four to six isolated sound elements could be observed similar in structure to syllables within the sequence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC0FFABFE3086B1691E99F3" box="[491,574,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1108,1133]" captionTargetBox="[182,1407,251,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[169,1417,265,1088]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 31. Oscillograms of calling songs of Eulioptera and Kefalia species, overview. 40-s-sections." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442291/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
). The spectrum of the song is broad-banded with a peak at about 15 kHz (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC0FFABFAB486B16B9699DF" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[161,1427,1223,1918]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 34. Power spectra of the calling song of Eulioptera and Kefalia species. In species with restricted frequency range black lines mark its end. In K. grafika n. sp., the spectrum of the long group of impulses is indicated in blue and that of the final isolated impulses in green." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442297/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
; no high frequency recordings available).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC0FFABFF4C83196BF09C76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442289/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" startId="28.[151,250,1301,1326]" targetBox="[151,1436,265,1281]" targetPageId="28">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC0FFABFF4C83196BF09C76" blockId="28.[151,1436,1301,1362]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFF4C83196A029C0A" bold="true" box="[151,290,1301,1326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFEF1831A6A909C0A" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[298,432,1302,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFEF1831A6A909C0A" box="[298,432,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Kefalia laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFE63831A6AD49C0A" box="[440,500,1302,1326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFE63831A6AD49C0A" bold="true" box="[440,500,1302,1326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from Mingali Forest Reserve
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFCEB831968699C0A" bold="true" box="[816,841,1301,1326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Male
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFC55831A68859C0A" bold="true" box="[910,933,1302,1326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Mating pair
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFBF483196F499C0A" bold="true" box="[1071,1129,1301,1326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">C, D.</emphasis>
|
||
Different colour forms of female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC0FFABFF1C837668FF9C9E" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC0FFABFF1C83766FDA9CB2" blockId="28.[151,1437,1402,2042]" box="[199,1274,1402,1430]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFF1C83766A079CB1" bold="true" box="[199,295,1402,1429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Mating took only a few minutes, no visible spermatophore was transferred (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC0FFABFB5B83776FCC9CB2" box="[1152,1260,1403,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1301,1326]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1281]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,265,1281]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 30. Kefalia laeta n. sp. from Mingali Forest Reserve A. Male B. Mating pair C, D. Different colour forms of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442289/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Fig. 30 B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC0FFABFF1C839268FF9C9E" blockId="28.[151,1437,1402,2042]" box="[199,991,1438,1466]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFF1C83926A0A9C9D" bold="true" box="[199,298,1438,1465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Montane Miombo woodlands, on foliage of bushes and trees.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC0FFABFF1C83CE69D39CF9" box="[199,755,1474,1501]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC0FFABFF1C83CE69D39CF9" blockId="28.[151,1437,1402,2042]" box="[199,755,1474,1501]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFF1C83CE6A419CF9" bold="true" box="[199,353,1474,1501]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F349B18EFFC0FFABFE1B83CF69089CF9" box="[448,552,1475,1501]" name="Tanzania" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499A3FFCFFC0FFABFDE883CF69CF9CF9" box="[563,751,1475,1501]" country="Tanzania" name="Dodoma" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Dodoma Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC0FFABFF1C83EB6AC99F01" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC0FFABFF1C83EB6AC99F01" blockId="28.[151,1437,1402,2042]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFF1C83EB6A729F25" bold="true" box="[199,338,1511,1537]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
From Latin:—
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFDDB83EB69639F25" box="[512,579,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">laetus</emphasis>
|
||
, multicoloured, since this species has a contrasting pattern of dark, green, yellow, white and red colours.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC0FFA8FF1C80226A83988B" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC0FFAAFF1C8022697B99DF" blockId="28.[151,1437,1402,2042]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,153,251]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFF1C80226A629F6D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1582,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The here described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFDFF802369569F6D" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[548,630,1583,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFDFF802369569F6D" box="[548,630,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFD07803C686E9F6D" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[732,846,1583,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFD07803C686E9F6D" box="[732,846,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFC8E802368B49F6D" bold="true" box="[853,916,1583,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFC8E802368B49F6D" box="[853,916,1583,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFC79803C68DB9F6D" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[930,1019,1583,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFC79803C68DB9F6D" box="[930,1019,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFBD980236F619F6D" bold="true" box="[1026,1089,1583,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFBD980236F619F6D" box="[1026,1089,1583,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFBAC803C6FC99F6D" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1143,1257,1583,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFBAC803C6FC99F6D" box="[1143,1257,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFB2B80236E0F9F6D" bold="true" box="[1264,1327,1583,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFB2B80236E0F9F6D" box="[1264,1327,1583,1609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, are morphologically quite similar. Differences are seen in the general colour pattern of the males which seems to be a stable character while in females a certain variation from green to tawny or speckled specimens was found.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFAD780746E5E9FB5" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1292,1406,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFAD780746E5E9FB5" box="[1292,1406,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFA5D807B6B989F91" bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFA5D807B6B989F91" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the largest species so far, with the longest and most narrow tegmina of the three species while the other two species have a more stout appearance with more reduced tegmina and wings. Slight differences are seen in the morphology of the male cerci. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFE0080E8696B9FD9" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[475,587,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFE0080E8696B9FD9" box="[475,587,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFD8A80EF69AE9FD9" bold="true" box="[593,654,1763,1789]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFD8A80EF69AE9FD9" box="[593,654,1763,1789]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the cerci are stout and round in diameter till around mid of their length and then compressed, the sclerotized tips incurved.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFD07810468159E05" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[732,821,1799,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFD07810468159E05" box="[732,821,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFCE7810B685B9E05" bold="true" box="[828,891,1799,1825]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFCE7810B685B9E05" box="[828,891,1799,1825]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has male cerci that are almost round throughout their length, narrowing at the tips while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFD94812069E09E61" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[591,704,1835,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFD94812069E09E61" box="[591,704,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFD1E812768229E61" bold="true" box="[709,770,1835,1861]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFD1E812768229E61" box="[709,770,1835,1861]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is intermediary in these characters, the cerci being round till about midway, then compressed—but not as strongly as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFCF7815C68BD9E4D" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[812,925,1871,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFCF7815C68BD9E4D" box="[812,925,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—with slightly twisted tips. While
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFAFD815C6E5F9E4D" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1318,1407,1871,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFAFD815C6E5F9E4D" box="[1318,1407,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFA5D81436B989EA9" bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFA5D81436B989EA9" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFF3481786A419EA9" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[239,353,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFF3481786A419EA9" box="[239,353,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFEBC817F6A869EA9" bold="true" box="[359,422,1907,1933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFEBC817F6A869EA9" box="[359,422,1907,1933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
have similar stridulatory files,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFCDF817868569EA9" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[772,886,1907,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFCDF817868569EA9" box="[772,886,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFCA7817F689B9EA9" bold="true" box="[892,955,1907,1933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFCA7817F689B9EA9" box="[892,955,1907,1933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
shows a clear different morphology. In the latter species the distal part is abruptly curved up-wards, forming almost a 90° corner, while in the other two species the stridulatory file is evenly curved at its outer parts (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC0FFABFCB581B7689E9EF1" box="[878,958,1978,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1696,1721]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1381,1677]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,1381,1677]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 25. Stridulatory files of Kefalia species. A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. omorfa n. sp. C. K. grafika n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442275" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442275/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). There are also slight differences in the morphology of the subgenital plates of these three species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC0FFABFC8D81EC688E9EDD" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[854,942,2015,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFC8D81EC688E9EDD" box="[854,942,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">K. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC0FFABFC6E81D368D39EDD" bold="true" box="[949,1011,2015,2041]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC0FFABFC6E81D368D39EDD" box="[949,1011,2015,2041]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has a median v-shaped incision at the posterior end, the lobes thus formed being evenly rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC1FFAAFCE58695688E9997" box="[830,942,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1430,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 27. Subgenital plates of male Kefalia species A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. omorfa n. sp. C. K. grafika n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Fig. 27 A</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the other two species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC1FFAAFB3A86966E749997" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1249,1364,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFB3A86966E749997" box="[1249,1364,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFA8786956EBC9997" bold="true" box="[1372,1436,153,179]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC1FFAAFA8786956EBC9997" box="[1372,1436,153,179]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC1FFAAFF1D86B26A1799F3" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[198,311,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFF1D86B26A1799F3" box="[198,311,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFEE686B16A5B99F3" bold="true" box="[317,379,189,215]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC1FFAAFEE686B16A5B99F3" box="[317,379,189,215]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, a median v-shaped incision is present as well, but the lateral lobes formed are uneven or wavy at their posterior margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC1FFAAFE1B86ED696E99DF" box="[448,590,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1430,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,903,1410]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 27. Subgenital plates of male Kefalia species A. K. laeta n. sp. B. K. omorfa n. sp. C. K. grafika n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Fig. 27 B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC1FFAAFF4C82586F909D49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442291" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442291" box="[151,1200,1108,1133]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442291/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" startId="29.[151,250,1108,1133]" targetBox="[182,1407,251,1079]" targetPageId="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC1FFAAFF4C82586F909D49" blockId="29.[151,1200,1108,1133]" box="[151,1200,1108,1133]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFF4C82586A009D49" bold="true" box="[151,288,1108,1133]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">FIGURE 31.</emphasis>
|
||
Oscillograms of calling songs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC1FFAAFDAD825869C29D48" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1956" box="[630,738,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFDAD825869C29D48" box="[630,738,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Eulioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC1FFAAFCC88258687E9D48" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[787,862,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFCC88258687E9D48" box="[787,862,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, overview. 40-s-sections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC1FFAAFF4C81956A379EF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442293" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442293/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" startId="29.[151,250,1945,1970]" targetBox="[159,1425,1133,1911]" targetPageId="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC1FFAAFF4C81956A379EF2" blockId="29.[151,1436,1945,2006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFF4C81956A019E96" bold="true" box="[151,289,1945,1970]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">FIGURE 32.</emphasis>
|
||
Oscillograms of calling songs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC1FFAAFDA6819669C99E96" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1956" box="[637,745,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFDA6819669C99E96" box="[637,745,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Eulioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC1FFAAFCC7819668479E96" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[796,871,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC1FFAAFCC7819668479E96" box="[796,871,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, overview. Details of pronounced song ending, 1-s-sections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC2FFA9FF4C821C6ABC9D9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442295" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442295/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" startId="30.[151,250,1040,1065]" targetBox="[174,1419,186,1008]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC2FFA9FF4C821C6ABC9D9C" blockId="30.[151,1437,1040,1209]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FF4C821C6A009D0D" bold="true" box="[151,288,1040,1065]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
|
||
Sonograms of calling songs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC2FFA9FDB8821C68119D0C" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[611,817,1040,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FDB8821C68119D0C" box="[611,817,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Eulioptera excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC2FFA9FCEC821C68519D0C" box="[823,881,1040,1064]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FCEC821C68519D0C" bold="true" box="[823,881,1040,1064]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC2FFA9FC78821C6F1D9D0C" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[931,1085,1040,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FC78821C6F1D9D0C" box="[931,1085,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Kefalia grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FB9F821C6F5E9D0C" bold="true" box="[1092,1150,1040,1064]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC2FFA9FB9F821C6F5E9D0C" box="[1092,1150,1040,1064]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC2FFA9FB7B821D6E379D0C" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1184,1303,1041,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excavata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FB7B821D6E379D0C" box="[1184,1303,1041,1064]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">E. excavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FAC6821C6E779D0C" bold="true" box="[1309,1367,1040,1064]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC2FFA9FAC6821C6E779D0C" box="[1309,1367,1040,1064]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, about 70 ms after the second syllable of the syllable pair often an single impulse could be observed (arrow), which was lower in fre- quency than the syllables and may represent a female response. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC2FFA9FCE8825568B99D54" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[819,921,1112,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FCE8825568B99D54" box="[819,921,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FC44825468F89D54" bold="true" box="[927,984,1112,1136]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC2FFA9FC44825468F89D54" box="[927,984,1112,1136]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, the long group of impulses did not show the high frequency components of the main part of the song, whereas in the final isolated impulses the low components were much weaker (see also Fig. 34).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF21A196FFC2FFA9FF4C819D6A869ED6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442297" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442297/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" startId="30.[151,250,1937,1962]" targetBox="[161,1427,1223,1918]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC2FFA9FF4C819D6A869ED6" blockId="30.[151,1436,1937,2034]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FF4C819D6A019E8E" bold="true" box="[151,289,1937,1962]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
|
||
Power spectra of the calling song of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC2FFA9FD7E819E68319E8E" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1956" box="[677,785,1938,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Eulioptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FD7E819E68319E8E" box="[677,785,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Eulioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC2FFA9FC9E819E68B09E8E" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[837,912,1938,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FC9E819E68B09E8E" box="[837,912,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. In species with restricted frequency range black lines mark its end. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC2FFA9FE7681BB69339EEA" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[429,531,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FE7681BB69339EEA" box="[429,531,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC2FFA9FDC281BA69729EEA" bold="true" box="[537,594,1974,1998]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC2FFA9FDC281BA69729EEA" box="[537,594,1974,1998]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, the spectrum of the long group of impulses is indicated in blue and that of the final isolated impulses in green.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC3FFA8FF1C86956A83988B" blockId="31.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
Females of these three species are similar in their habitus. The elytra of all three species are of light to dark brown colour with margins and tips darker or completely black. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FC4886B26F2699F3" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[915,1030,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FC4886B26F2699F3" box="[915,1030,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FBD586B16F6E99F3" bold="true" box="[1038,1102,189,215]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC3FFA8FBD586B16F6E99F3" box="[1038,1102,189,215]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the elytra are almost entirely black, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FF2486EE6A5099DF" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[255,368,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FF2486EE6A5099DF" box="[255,368,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FEAC86ED6A9699DF" bold="true" box="[375,438,225,251]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC3FFA8FEAC86ED6A9699DF" box="[375,438,225,251]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the margins and tips only while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FC9A86EE68B999DF" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[833,921,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FC9A86EE68B999DF" box="[833,921,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">K. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FC7B86ED68FF99DF" bold="true" box="[928,991,225,251]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC3FFA8FC7B86ED68FF99DF" box="[928,991,225,251]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the margins and tips are more of a dark brown colour but not as black as in the other two species. Differences are seen also in the subgenital plates of the three species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FEED87266A889867" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[310,424,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafika" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FEED87266A889867" box="[310,424,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">K. grafika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FE6B87256ACF9867" bold="true" box="[432,495,297,323]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC3FFA8FE6B87256ACF9867" box="[432,495,297,323]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has a small, tri-angular shaped subgenital plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC3FFA8FBCD87256FA49867" box="[1046,1156,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 28. Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female Kefalia species A, B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. laeta n. sp. E, F. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Fig. 28 A</figureCitation>
|
||
), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FB2787266E759867" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[1276,1365,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FB2787266E759867" box="[1276,1365,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">K. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FA8687256EBC9867" bold="true" box="[1373,1436,297,323]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC3FFA8FA8687256EBC9867" box="[1373,1436,297,323]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the subgenital plate is tongue-like shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC3FFA8FDA6874169CB9843" box="[637,747,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 28. Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female Kefalia species A, B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. laeta n. sp. E, F. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Fig. 28 C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FCF7874268BF9843" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[812,927,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omorfa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FCF7874268BF9843" box="[812,927,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">K. omorfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FC7C874168C79843" bold="true" box="[935,999,333,359]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2199077FFC3FFA8FC7C874168C79843" box="[935,999,333,359]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has a tri-angular subgenital plate with a very broad base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1365ED9BFFC3FFA8FEAB877D6AFE98AF" box="[368,478,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1110,1135]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[162,1426,406,1090]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 28. Subgenital plates and semilateral to dorsal view on last abdominal tergites of female Kefalia species A, B. K. grafika n. sp. C, D. K. laeta n. sp. E, F. K. omorfa n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442283/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Fig. 28 E</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, females of all three species are similar and best identified with associate males and their locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C344A295FFC3FFA8FF1C87B5683C9B47" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1F11EFFC3FFA8FF1C87B5683C9B47" blockId="31.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FF1C87B56A1B98F7" bold="true" box="[199,315,441,467]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Further
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FE7987B56AD498F7" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[418,500,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FE7987B56AD498F7" box="[418,500,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are known from Bereku Forest Reserve near the district town Babati (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D583A97FFC3FFA8FA5687B56BD098DC" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
) and from Mt Hanang (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D583A97FFC3FFA8FE2287D1696798DC" box="[505,583,477,504]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
). Morphological differences suggest species status, both of the females compared to females of the three here described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E8A9DFFC3FFA8FD51840D69FC9B3F" authority="Hemp & Heller, 2019" authorityName="Hemp & Heller" authorityYear="2019" box="[650,732,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Kefalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A2D0CFFC3FFA8FD51840D69FC9B3F" box="[650,732,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Kefalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and of the male compared to the males. However, it is not clear whether the single male from Mt Hanang and the females from Bereku Forest Reserve are conspecific or not. More individuals are needed to clarify species status.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |