350 lines
43 KiB
XML
350 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="72DED4D3819864254AEA2A82F0B9047D" ID-CLB-Dataset="222253" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5228.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b9a994e-a6ec-4efb-a755-e1e8789a2ee0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7524042" ID-ZooBank="DA207B1D-81A2-4176-AA9A-64B1D484C307" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1673421297555" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vörös, Judit, Wassens, Skye, Price, Luke, Hunter, David, Myers, Steven, Armstrong, Kyle, Mahony, Michael J. & Donnellan, Stephen" docDate="2023" docId="03B7423B8A044F3BFF06FF14B94D1EB4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5228.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5228 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Litoria raniformis subsp. raniformis AMS R" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FF8E3A438A194F24FF91FF83BA711A15" masterDocTitle="Molecular systematic analysis demonstrates that the threatened southern bell frog, Litoria raniformis (Anura: Pelodryadidae) of eastern Australia comprises two sub-species" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1699473794774" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="709E0CC1E97B2C4B9D73A80210C24BEB">Molecular systematic analysis demonstrates that the threatened southern bell frog, Litoria raniformis (Anura: Pelodryadidae) of eastern Australia comprises two sub-species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C162D3C51896F1FA76AECEAB347CFC10">Vörös, Judit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="18EE57AC56DEC9425B8FEB75CD97ED47">Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum H- 1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6CE9BDEBC2DB071C20F1ABAE0135C038">Wassens, Skye</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="59F7D64BD96E682F4BE8AF90D6EF2970" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8886-8426</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C48835F2DB91A385A9D27AC6BDC8FEBC">School of Agriculture, Environment and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 789, Albury, 2640, Australia. swassens @ csu. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8886 - 8426</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3BAEA404DF187FEFE6586B54686D76ED" type="email">swassens@csu.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2093A7F396B4CDF6E72FA5D3379D634D">Price, Luke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1C41095E648406B3F6FEC977F533F474">School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide 5005, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="61930C388F9DCB2BBB1DB372A76E6EA0">Hunter, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D113171CE64BD1F4A7CA3D30CCB47DDC">New South Wales Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Albury, 2640, Australia. David. hunter @ environment. nsw. gov. au</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="851ACA51717F29FA25947E931F3AC5BB">Myers, Steven</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1DDE072DC7BBED5F6EAA768A25D079DC">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5001, Australia. & Steven. Myers @ alsglobal. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8885 - 8770</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="11EEAB46864A44C82D46698FC0920CB4" type="email">yers@alsglobal.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B9C52A4DB577A2FE77CB59ABE72AF3FF">Armstrong, Kyle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E456E9067DB2775C9C9B5A6E24698AD9">School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide 5005, Australia. & South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FAC8DF947A74398A9B48069BFCD067A0">Mahony, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3E22E775255C7FD8F06297BD4D98F4B1" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1042-0848</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F8CD4EB1B49DE8AD1C39A603AFB37EF7">School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia michael. mahony @ newcastle. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1042 - 0848</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="107B0A8FCD55E33691F9EB9313F7ECE0" type="email">michael.mahony@newcastle.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1223821DF98F9D133887C877F1B6880E">Donnellan, Stephen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="04F7F93F697146B8A2A9E17386D7EF5A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5448-3226</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9CE63D2AD74EF81376BDC3955B329D4C">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5001, Australia. & Steve. donnellan @ samuseum. sa. gov. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5448 - 3226</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="71E3F951EDCA5FB429F828DBBD6F6A3E" type="email">teve.donnellan@samuseum.sa.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3CB87FF75ACCF4AF186756A6F96C7028">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="33EBFFDE438AECE1921D6EC41498E019">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3E69D4B9423D2996185CFDC59B5A9894">
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<mods:date id="8FA9F8525ECD1D580C9303003F94EF8A">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AACDB4654D45BF165CE65D1A98CD671B">2023-01-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A69CEF1A54BC2B33290F60246757B6D0">5228</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="033247C5D3FA96FB632391BBC913CC45" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5228.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B7423B8A044F3BFF06FF14B94D1EB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524138" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208791153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7524138" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7423B8A044F3BFF06FF14B94D1EB4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7423B8A044F3BFF06FF14B94D1EB4" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="C304A0A68A044F39FF06FF14B8901AA4" box="[151,737,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF06FF14B8901AA4" blockId="29.[151,737,151,213]" box="[151,737,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="D0E944418A044F39FF06FF14B8901AA4" bold="true" box="[151,737,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FF06FF14B8901AA4" ID-CoL="3VMNV" authority="(Keferstein, 1867)" authorityName="AMS R" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,737,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="raniformis" subSpecies="raniformis">
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<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF06FF14B8901AA4" bold="true" box="[151,737,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF06FF14BB8A1AA4" bold="true" box="[151,507,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria raniformis raniformis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A044F39FD9BFF14B8A81AA4" author="Keferstein, W." box="[522,729,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="341 - 361" refId="ref24126" refString="Keferstein, W. (1867) Ueber einige neue oder seltene Batrachier aus Australien und dem tropischen Amerika. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen, 1867, 341 - 361." type="journal article" year="1867">Keferstein, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304A0A68A044F39FF06FF38B8881B54" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF06FF38BB651AC0" blockId="29.[151,737,151,213]" box="[151,276,187,213]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<figureCitation id="1325EFA88A044F39FF06FF38BA9D1AC0" box="[151,236,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[219,1382,1047,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-352@29.[205,1383,1029,1944]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 12. The neotype designated for Litoria r. raniformis (Keferstein, 1867) AMS R45668. A) dorsal, B) ventral and C) lateral view. Image by Ron Lovatt © Australian Museum DigiVol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7524080/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1325EFA88A044F39FF69FF38BB651AC0" box="[248,276,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1789,1813]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,417,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-141@30.[151,1435,417,1765]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 13. Images, in life of Litoria r. raniformis. A) Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael; B) Balranald, NSW Stephen Mahony; C) 9km N of Lake Cullulleraine, NSW, Peter Robertson; D) Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael; E) Lake Victoria, NSW, Peter Robertson; F) Wallpolla Island, west of Mildura, Vic. Peter Robertson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7524084/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF06FE80B8881B54" blockId="29.[151,1436,259,322]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<materialsCitation id="3B76F9708A044F39FF06FE80B8881B54" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4012808302" accessionNumber="R45668" collectingDate="1973-09-09" country="Australia" county="Harald Ehmann" latitude="-34.683" location="Hay" longLatPrecision="459" longitude="144.05" municipality="Balranald Road" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
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<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF06FE80BA881B08" bold="true" box="[151,249,259,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<typeStatus id="54A54D8F8A044F39FF06FE80BA881B08" box="[151,249,259,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. AMS
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<accessionNumber id="944D6ECE8A044F39FED8FE80BBD51B0B" box="[329,420,259,286]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/R45668" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">R45668</accessionNumber>
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, an adult male from
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<location id="8EC1A5F68A044F39FD1BFE87B8CB1B0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7423B8A044F3BFF06FF14B94D1EB4:8EC1A5F68A044F39FD1BFE87B8CB1B0B" box="[650,698,260,286]" country="Australia" county="Harald Ehmann" latitude="-34.683" longLatPrecision="459" longitude="144.05" municipality="Balranald Road" name="Hay" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hay</location>
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,
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<quantity id="4CE65EC88A044F39FD54FE80B9541B08" box="[709,805,259,286]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mi" value="50.0">50 miles</quantity>
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on
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC569578A044F39FCDFFE80BE711B08" box="[846,1024,259,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Balranald Road</collectingMunicipality>
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, NSW,
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<collectingCountry id="F309B3BD8A044F39FBC3FE80BECD1B08" box="[1106,1212,259,285]" name="Australia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A95EA8A044F39FB56FE80BF491B08" box="[1223,1336,259,285]" degrees="34.683" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="55" value="-34.683">34.683° S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A95EA8A044F39FAD5FE80BADA1B57" degrees="144.05" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="555" value="144.05">144.05° E</geoCoordinate>
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. Collected by
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<collectingCounty id="62C08BA18A044F39FEDDFEA4BB8D1B54" box="[332,508,295,321]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Harald Ehmann</collectingCounty>
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on
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<date id="FFA0D5ED8A044F39FDB7FEA4B8841B54" box="[550,757,295,321]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1973-09-09">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFE42C058A044F39FDB7FEA4B8841B54" box="[550,757,295,321]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1973-09-09">9 September 1973</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304A0A68A044F39FF06FEECB8951828" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF06FEECB8951828" blockId="29.[151,1437,367,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF06FEECBB7B1B9C" bold="true" box="[151,266,367,393]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FE8BFEF3BB961B9C" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[282,487,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raniformis">
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<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FE8BFEF3BB961B9C" box="[282,487,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria raniformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be diagnosed from other members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FC6BFEF3BEE01B9C" baseAuthorityName="Lesson" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1018,1169,368,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurea">
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<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FC6BFEF3BEE01B9C" box="[1018,1169,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria aurea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Group by the presence of vertebral stripe (vs absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FE6AFE17B8281BB8" baseAuthorityName="Lesson" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[507,601,404,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FE6AFE17B8281BB8" box="[507,601,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. aurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FD01FE17B9321BB8" box="[656,835,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyclorhyncha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FD01FE17B9321BB8" box="[656,835,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. cyclorhyncha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), dorsum with longitudinally aligned raised tubercles and skin ridges (vs absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FE4BFE3BB8461BC4" baseAuthorityName="Lesson" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[474,567,440,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FE4BFE3BB8461BC4" box="[474,567,440,465]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. aurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); presence of black canthal stripe (vs absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FBD9FE3BBEC21BC4" box="[1096,1203,440,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moorei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FBD9FE3BBEC21BC4" box="[1096,1203,440,465]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. moorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and variably present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FF27FE5FBB1D1BE0" box="[182,364,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyclorhyncha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF27FE5FBB1D1BE0" box="[182,364,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. cyclorhyncha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); pattern-less ventral surface (vs black reticulations ventrally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FBC2FE5FBF791BE0" box="[1107,1288,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyclorhyncha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FBC2FE5FBF791BE0" box="[1107,1288,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. cyclorhyncha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); absence of distinctive large black ringed yellow or cream spots in the groin, and pale yellow spots and/or marbling on the lower surface of the hind limbs (vs present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FDC3FDA7B8A51828" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[594,724,548,573]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castanea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FDC3FDA7B8A51828" box="[594,724,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. castanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304A0A68A044F3BFF56FDC4B8E01890" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF56FDC4BE901890" blockId="29.[151,1437,367,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF56FDC4B8371874" bold="true" box="[199,582,583,609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A54D8F8A044F39FE0AFDC4BB891874" box="[411,504,583,609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(mm).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SVL: 60.1, HL: 21.4, HW: 21.4, IND: 3.7, NS: 4.1, IOD: 3.3, ED: 5.96, TD: 4.5, FeL: 26.9, TL: 26.7, FoL: 37.8, FLL: 9.8, RLF: 25.2, D1T: 1.3, D4T: 1.5, D1F: 1.5, D3F: 1.3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF56FD0CBE061900" blockId="29.[151,1437,367,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF56FD0CBB9718BC" bold="true" box="[199,486,655,681]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A54D8F8A044F39FEECFD0CBB9018BC" box="[381,481,655,681]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Snout prominent, rounded when viewed from above and in profile. Nostrils more lateral than superior, closer to snout than to eye. Canthus rostralis well defined and straight. Eye relatively large (ED/HL 0.28). Tympanum distinct, circular, length less than eye diameter (TD/ED 0.75). Vomerine teeth short straight plates bridging the gap between the choanae. Tongue approximately rectangular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF56FC9CBF7E19F8" blockId="29.[151,1437,367,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Fingers long, broad, webbing absent. Subarticular and palmar tubercles prominent.Terminal discs not prominent, barely extending beyond lateral extremities of penultimate phalanx. Fingers in order of length 3>4>1>2. Hindlimb length moderate (TL/SVL 0.48). Toes in order of length 4>5=3>2>1. Webbing on toes I, II, III, V reaches base of terminal toe disc, and to base of the penultimate phalange on toe IV. Subarticular tubercles prominent. Oval inner metatarsal tubercle prominent, approximately one-third length of first toe. Terminal toe discs not prominent, not extending beyond lateral extremities of penultimate phalanx. Distinct pectoral fold present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325EFA88A044F39FB0DFC50BF7319F8" box="[1180,1282,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[219,1382,1047,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-352@29.[205,1383,1029,1944]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 12. The neotype designated for Litoria r. raniformis (Keferstein, 1867) AMS R45668. A) dorsal, B) ventral and C) lateral view. Image by Ron Lovatt © Australian Museum DigiVol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7524080/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF61A3A58A044F39FF06F833B9471DF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524080" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7524080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7524080/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[151,250,1968,1992]" targetBox="[219,1382,1047,1926]" targetPageId="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A044F39FF06F833B9471DF9" blockId="29.[151,1436,1968,2031]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FF06F833BB501DDD" bold="true" box="[151,289,1968,1992]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
The neotype designated for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A044F39FDD6F832BE5D1DDD" authority="(Keferstein, 1867) AMS R" authorityName="AMS R" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[583,1068,1968,1992]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="raniformis" subSpecies="raniformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FDD6F832B9641DDD" box="[583,789,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria r. raniformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A044F39FCB2F833B9A11DDD" author="Keferstein, W." box="[803,976,1968,1992]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="341 - 361" refId="ref24126" refString="Keferstein, W. (1867) Ueber einige neue oder seltene Batrachier aus Australien und dem tropischen Amerika. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen, 1867, 341 - 361." type="journal article" year="1867">Keferstein, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) AMS R
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
45668.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FBE8F833BEFA1DDD" bold="true" box="[1145,1163,1968,1992]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FB76F833BE891DDD" bold="true" box="[1255,1272,1968,1992]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A044F39FA10F833BFE21DDD" bold="true" box="[1409,1427,1968,1992]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
|
||
) lateral view. Image by Ron Lovatt © Australian Museum DigiVol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A074F3AFF56FF15BF5B1B9C" blockId="30.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFF56FF15BB4E1AA5" bold="true" box="[199,319,150,176]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
A summary of variation in 17 mensural traits is presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69CC6968A074F3AFB91FF14BE291AA4" box="[1024,1112,151,177]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="34.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="TABLE 6. Summary of variation in 19 mensural traits in the northern and southern groups of L. raniformis. Mean±SD and ranges are presented. ED and EN were measured from fewer vouchers as follows: southern group 5 males, 8 females; northern group 6 males, 7 females." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF61A3A58A3B4F06FF06FF14B87A1AE2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" tableUuid="DF61A3A58A3B4F06FF06FF14B87A1AE2">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
. Mean SVL: females =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE65EC88A074F3AFAFAFF14BAB41AC0" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.93" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="69.3">69.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, males =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE65EC88A074F3AFEA2FF38BBEA1AC0" box="[307,411,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="61.7">61.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head length equal to head width (HL/HW 0.87–1.1) and approximately one-third of SVL (HL/SVL 0.32–0.45). Eye relatively large, diameter equal to or greater than eye to naris distance (ED/EN 0.99– 1.44). Pupil horizontal when constricted (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325EFA88A074F3AFDFBFE80B8CF1B08" box="[618,702,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1789,1813]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,417,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-141@30.[151,1435,417,1765]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 13. Images, in life of Litoria r. raniformis. A) Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael; B) Balranald, NSW Stephen Mahony; C) 9km N of Lake Cullulleraine, NSW, Peter Robertson; D) Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael; E) Lake Victoria, NSW, Peter Robertson; F) Wallpolla Island, west of Mildura, Vic. Peter Robertson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7524084/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tympanum length greater than half eye diameter (TD/ED 0.68- 0.92). Hindlimb length moderate and variable (TL/SVL 0.41–0.64). Oval inner metatarsal tubercle prominent. Light brown nuptial pad wraps around inner surface of digit I from base of digit to base of penultimate phalange (SAMA
|
||
<accessionNumber id="944D6ECE8A074F3AFF06FEEDBA841B9C" box="[151,245,366,393]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/R59848" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R59848</accessionNumber>
|
||
). Small vocal slits present in buccal cavity at base of tongue parallel to lateral margin of tongue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF61A3A58A074F3AFF06F97EBF3E1D4B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524084" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7524084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7524084/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[151,250,1789,1813]" targetBox="[151,1435,417,1765]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A074F3AFF06F97EBF3E1D4B" blockId="30.[151,1437,1789,1886]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFF06F97EBB511D00" bold="true" box="[151,288,1789,1813]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Images, in life of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A074F3AFE4CF97DB8D81D03" authorityName="AMS R" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[477,681,1790,1814]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="raniformis" subSpecies="raniformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFE4CF97DB8D81D03" box="[477,681,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Litoria r. raniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFD27F97EB8A01D00" bold="true" box="[694,721,1789,1813]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A)</emphasis>
|
||
Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFA82F97DBF551D03" bold="true" box="[1299,1316,1790,1814]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B</emphasis>
|
||
) Balranald, NSW Stephen Mahony;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFE06F8A2BBD81D2C" bold="true" box="[407,425,1825,1849]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
|
||
) 9km N of Lake Cullulleraine, NSW, Peter Robertson;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFC64F8A2BE7E1D2C" bold="true" box="[1013,1039,1825,1849]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D)</emphasis>
|
||
Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFEDFF8C5BB161D48" bold="true" box="[334,359,1861,1886]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E)</emphasis>
|
||
Lake Victoria, NSW, Peter Robertson;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A074F3AFD66F8C5B9771D4B" bold="true" box="[759,774,1862,1886]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">F</emphasis>
|
||
) Wallpolla Island, west of Mildura, Vic. Peter Robertson.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A074F3AFF56F80FBEC61DFB" blockId="30.[151,1437,1932,2030]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Dorsum mildly granular with varying coverage of low tubercles. Upper surface of limbs smooth or with varying coverage of low tubercles. Flanks with dense coverage of low tubercles. Chin, abdomen, undersurface of limbs, and lateral aspect of body coarsely granular or granularity confined to lateral margins of abdomen.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A064F3BFF56FF15B8E01890" blockId="31.[151,1437,150,1185]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFF56FF15BBF31AA4" bold="true" box="[199,386,150,177]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Colour pattern.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation in colour is described from images taken in life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325EFA88A064F3BFB8CFF14BE001AA4" box="[1053,1137,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1789,1813]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,417,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-141@30.[151,1435,417,1765]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 13. Images, in life of Litoria r. raniformis. A) Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael; B) Balranald, NSW Stephen Mahony; C) 9km N of Lake Cullulleraine, NSW, Peter Robertson; D) Gayini, Lowbidgee floodplain, NSW, Damian Michael; E) Lake Victoria, NSW, Peter Robertson; F) Wallpolla Island, west of Mildura, Vic. Peter Robertson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7524084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7524084/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head smooth with either uniform colour or heavily marked with dark patches. Iris gold. Canthus rostralis typically uniformly colored with the light tones of the dorsum. Darker tympanum contrasts with lighter loreal region. Prominent green to bronze mid-dorsal stripe extends from the snout or from between the eyes to the cloaca. Back covered in prominent dark tubercles arranged either in lines or irregularly. Dorsal colour varies from green to bronze sometimes with darker patches. A clearly demarked line with a black lower margin runs from the nostril through the eye, above the tympanum and then along the dorso-lateral margin to the groin. In the dorso-lateral region its upper margin is enhanced by prominent cream to white tubercles. Flanks with prominent cream or white coloured coarse granules in upper half. Colour pattern of limbs is a continuation of dorsal colour and pattern, leading edge of lower leg with prominent black margin. Back of thighs awash with emerald green to blue, moderately granular proximally with few to moderate numbers of prominent light coloured tubercles. Belly and chin cream or white, undersurfaces of limbs either cream or with light green flush, with dark patches. Groin regions with similar pattern and colour to back of thigh or less frequently with yellow spots with black outline, particularly tableland populations in the east of the species range. Throat dusky in mature males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304A0A68A064F3BFF56FD0DBEBB1994" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A064F3BFF56FD0DBEBB1994" blockId="31.[151,1437,150,1185]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFF56FD0DBB1018BD" bold="true" box="[199,353,654,680]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA3DCF8A064F3BFE43FD0CB8EB18BC" box="[466,666,655,681]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
, northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA3DCF8A064F3BFC98FD0CB91218BC" box="[777,867,655,681]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
and the Murray Valley in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA3DCF8A064F3BFB13FD0CBF4318BC" box="[1154,1330,655,681]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">South Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
. It occurs in the IBRA regions: Murray Darling Depression, NSW South Western Slopes, Riverina, South Eastern Highlands, and Victorian Midlands. There is absence of records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A064F3BFCB8FD54B9B118E4" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[809,960,727,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raniformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFCB8FD54B9B118E4" box="[809,960,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">L. raniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the alpine regions in north-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA3DCF8A064F3BFF06FD78BA801900" box="[151,241,763,789]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
and south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA3DCF8A064F3BFE41FD78B8D11900" box="[464,672,763,789]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
and in the mallee country of western
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA3DCF8A064F3BFBF9FD78BEB31900" box="[1128,1218,763,789]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
and eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA3DCF8A064F3BFACAFD78BB70192C" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">South Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Identity of vouchers from the southern tablelands of NSW assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A064F3BFBA1FC9CBEB4192C" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1072,1221,799,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raniformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFBA1FC9CBEB4192C" box="[1072,1221,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">L. raniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFB60FC9CBA931948" author="Thomson, S. A. & Littlejohn, M. J. & Robinson, W. A. & Osborne, W. S." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="158 - 169" refId="ref27147" refString="Thomson, S. A., Littlejohn, M. J., Robinson, W. A. & Osborne, W. S. (1996) Taxonomy of the Litoria aurea complex: a reevaluation of the Southern Tableland populations of the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales. Australian Zoologist, 30, 158 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.7882 / AZ. 1996.008" type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Thomson
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFAF2FC9CBFEC192C" box="[1379,1437,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1996)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
needs confirmation with ancient DNA analyses. Our genetic data identified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A064F3BFBBAFCC0BEA31948" authorityName="AMS R" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1067,1234,835,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="raniformis" subSpecies="raniformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFBBAFCC0BEA31948" box="[1067,1234,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">L. r. raniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at seven locations in the central Mount Lofty Ranges south-east of Adelaide, all collected between 1972 and 1979.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304A0A68A064F3BFF56FC08B94D1EB4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1F32D8A064F3BFF56FC08B94D1EB4" blockId="31.[151,1437,150,1185]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFF56FC08B80519B1" bold="true" box="[199,628,906,933]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ecology and reproductive biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Populations occur in swamps dominated by eucalypts (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFAB1FC08BB9C19DC" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A064F3BFAB1FC08BB4B19DC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camaldulensis">Eucalyptus camaldulensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A064F3BFED8FC2CBB9C19DC" box="[329,493,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="largiflorens">E. largiflorens</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), Lignum, Typha, and Nitre Goosefoot (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E88AE8A064F3BFC59FC2CBF7019DD" box="[968,1281,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitrariaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFC59FC2CBF7019DD" box="[968,1281,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chenopodium nitrariaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and also in irrigated rice crops (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFEE4FC50B86B19F8" author="Wassens, S." box="[373,538,979,1005]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="446 - 452" refId="ref27746" refString="Wassens, S. (2008) Review of the past distribution and decline of the southern bell frog Litoria raniformis in New South Wales. Australian Zoologist, 34, 446 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.7882 / AZ. 2008.022" type="journal article" year="2008">Wassens 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Common features of occupied wetlands are that they are large, continuous areas containing both permanent and ephemeral waterbodies that undergo regular flooding and are surrounded by areas containing suitable refugia in the form of ground debris, vegetation cover and cracking soils (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFB34FB98BF3A1E20" author="Wassens, S." box="[1189,1355,1051,1077]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="446 - 452" refId="ref27746" refString="Wassens, S. (2008) Review of the past distribution and decline of the southern bell frog Litoria raniformis in New South Wales. Australian Zoologist, 34, 446 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.7882 / AZ. 2008.022" type="journal article" year="2008">Wassens 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Frogs concentrate in refugia prior to flooding, then disperse across the landscape during flooding events (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFB7AFBBCBFE01E4C" author="Wassens, S." box="[1259,1425,1087,1113]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="446 - 452" refId="ref27746" refString="Wassens, S. (2008) Review of the past distribution and decline of the southern bell frog Litoria raniformis in New South Wales. Australian Zoologist, 34, 446 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.7882 / AZ. 2008.022" type="journal article" year="2008">Wassens 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Breeding is triggered by flooding during spring or summer (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFCA7FBE0B9AB1E68" author="Wassens, S." box="[822,986,1123,1149]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="446 - 452" refId="ref27746" refString="Wassens, S. (2008) Review of the past distribution and decline of the southern bell frog Litoria raniformis in New South Wales. Australian Zoologist, 34, 446 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.7882 / AZ. 2008.022" type="journal article" year="2008">Wassens 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFC74FBE0BEB71E68" author="Wassens, S. & Hall, A. & Osborne, W. & Watts, R." box="[997,1222,1123,1149]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="944 - 955" refId="ref27793" refString="Wassens, S., Hall, A., Osborne, W. & Watts, R. (2010) Habitat characteristics predict occupancy patterns of the endangered amphibian Litoria raniformis in flow-regulated flood plain wetlands. Austral Ecology, 35, 944 - 955. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1442 - 9993.2010.02106. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Wassens
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A2F3F8A064F3BFBDDFBE0BEF51E68" box="[1100,1156,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFB41FBE0BF2E1E68" author="Turner, A." box="[1232,1375,1123,1149]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref27339" refString="Turner, A. (2022) Environmental predictors of disease risk for Litoria raniformis populations in south-eastern Australia. Doctoral thesis, Charles Sturt University, Albury. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="2022">Turner 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The larval phase may be as short as two months (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F8EDC8A064F3BFD1AFB04B9411EB4" author="Wassens, S." box="[651,816,1159,1185]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="446 - 452" refId="ref27746" refString="Wassens, S. (2008) Review of the past distribution and decline of the southern bell frog Litoria raniformis in New South Wales. Australian Zoologist, 34, 446 - 452. https: // doi. org / 10.7882 / AZ. 2008.022" type="journal article" year="2008">Wassens 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |