plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/AD/DC/03ADDC33D463FA6AFF593528D54BFD65.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

513 lines
47 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="1A1B1BA7586CBA049B3F81A6C2335F3C" ID-CLB-Dataset="29115" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4455.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0d838ca1-52f1-4278-895d-68fc481b7558" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1456971" ID-ZooBank="2EA2EE4A-2BA4-438A-A1CB-D9C54F37DC78" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539260480029" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wüster, Wolfgang, Chirio, Laurent, Trape, Jean-François, Ineich, Ivan, Jackson, Kate, Greenbaum, Eli, Barron, Cesar, Kusamba, Chifundera, Nagy, Zoltán T., Storey, Richard, Hall, Cara, Wüster, Catharine E., Barlow, Axel &amp; Broadley, Donald G." docDate="2018" docId="03ADDC33D463FA6AFF593528D54BFD65" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4455.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4455 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Naja (Boulengerina) subfulva LAurENt 1955" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" masterDocId="FF94A44BD472FA78FFCE3743D41AFF95" masterDocTitle="Integration of nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences and morphology reveals unexpected diversity in the forest cobra (Naja melanoleuca) species complex in Central and West Africa (Serpentes: Elapidae)" updateTime="1698575068667" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="EC73A69E8A0514D2B58B4F7980BB7203" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1D9819CEB33EBEF7D973BA26789C53C8">
<mods:title id="6FC033522119D8437ADEFDD7217EF3C1">Integration of nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences and morphology reveals unexpected diversity in the forest cobra (Naja melanoleuca) species complex in Central and West Africa (Serpentes: Elapidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C213719BC331ADF69C5570A80E88BCC9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C4098220B66A5D391AD7568F3C3BBD42">
<mods:roleTerm id="92D24D2F9E0ECFD7B598A24688DE09DE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F65EB42FF209AC79F7EC6CB7EFE71585">Wüster, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3EF3A201C64207CEEAF6DAA711F4F108" type="personal">
<mods:role id="37829F62544C2050DBDD9EB26C33655E">
<mods:roleTerm id="3C1CB765BDE632A0928943C36346A384">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="47351A72140380A40C48F2A3EF10D557">Chirio, Laurent</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B3A1986FAB5BF9DB2CCD734D45F732ED" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8470BCE32CB98F95DF66C10F5F7C6050">
<mods:roleTerm id="3F1912499C7C2410D162A6C38739BF9E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C797D3E8CA122F9346037E9682AF13E7">Trape, Jean-François</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="396A1FDC355CAB1483785F21FD72495E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6B9E8D247D378C05FFAAB5DE089077A2">
<mods:roleTerm id="A947E3E9D7A52145C2F58D327B4B3B48">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2B209850E956ED6B6E018294EC8853DC">Ineich, Ivan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0A2792828F7E2ECDEF51BF8FCD820C01" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B674C0C9D43C220A3C5A1EA0E7A3517A">
<mods:roleTerm id="78A7EAE6530D2FF2511A033C209A8B2A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="27A33FFDC7FCA4185080526EF1072B63">Jackson, Kate</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="076A22C3618E3D64DF3B67E76B5BB516" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B967C9BFB2ADE670B9A8D96609BF6AB3">
<mods:roleTerm id="416763D9CEF5279014F158D3BB2725CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6610937D313B70C492A80B82D0DBE6C4">Greenbaum, Eli</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1EA83D07892C2DF86D6C3B5F7F22843F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5361D75B7251B4580C525D0C9CDE81E9">
<mods:roleTerm id="F08AA7B563E77B8F5A3304322F317EE0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="30639434DE4DC2411511857D178DDBF6">Barron, Cesar</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0A6182A3F800B118C931B414EBC8325A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EA298B7BF1534C2652AD5E829903F38D">
<mods:roleTerm id="2B99A326637506898F7AED5CF38F13A4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5C8BBE03F4699883634DCC21BF20EF2C">Kusamba, Chifundera</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F04BDDB636F3CC744DC213100BDFB650" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E3D1E8AB82B453769AAB3F08FE5186FB">
<mods:roleTerm id="CD43A6F61DF25673A389A2A039090821">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F456C1EB07BB650BB074A1FF28A2C86A">Nagy, Zoltán T.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5C7D2E0E0E6D9794C600B948637BDAE4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1D1CF947A3CB360D14EBC377282B2C85">
<mods:roleTerm id="FF1111710D29F9D1CF98F619C6B2D58B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1A5739A923630C5EE0AE8C4469CF3A17">Storey, Richard</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="19980F08D38F39855D4C299F4707258D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DCE9AF99F6BD67CD94BF947AB54B2C8A">
<mods:roleTerm id="700750BFE41D4DE74E9E84330B44898C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ABD5D45E566888761FB9E76F6FA4588F">Hall, Cara</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="65F23675DA69A78CBD4733E9F7208E3F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C4A07F0001F587A3DD3707D984DC4787">
<mods:roleTerm id="2855BE4F03BC4DE98199A32BE3781699">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1FB17C2E45B9AC318477851C7600C2B3">Wüster, Catharine E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="05BEEC788D38A4DBD89EC8EDB1708841" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3D992E0D34A2E37C3B2AB2B448924727">
<mods:roleTerm id="79FDD335D49DE33100DC3B91955F3542">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2254F4E2432387C8417A52C354379B7E">Barlow, Axel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B2371C6CA89C833EE2D9F765368ADC03" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E38461AAB02EDD37EC4344CA2BC98058">
<mods:roleTerm id="8E7E358985BB366C1A5209CB80C05686">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6E95738C694AEE3CE286897A1EB0B494">Broadley, Donald G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="65CC7EC41CD624D2F520920244BED1E7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="6BDB613856B7B096D3072CB70F99C65A" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="117F1ECFB02B81D23CD2C896046E2723">
<mods:title id="63A4AF253CA89BCB1725E6B59D7D69D8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="05465BEB1401BEB4E005FE6E87F82E1C">
<mods:date id="8A4193B49E8F1A2FF7E2853ADBF74ED4">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="78799B565FDBE451D060C48718A523EA" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D7F7EA3651817D628A276E0B17F8ADF8">2018-08-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E5F5682B9D49DCB4AA51AD4C7E997D69" type="volume">
<mods:number id="51F535D8AAAD5F61572FCB7365C806E4">4455</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="675E22990146B5C7FB7A58921E61BF0F" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A930757276E2990D463433F7F55AC805">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="B0DA388A7D2B26063CCDBB3ED3503304">journal volume</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="943AC93A282F37437C45DE2869FED931" type="CLB-Dataset">29115</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B24608A3B435DC2DD565D38663BA967E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4455.1.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="89092B5CE697176B2753B19BB2574203" type="GBIF-Dataset">0d838ca1-52f1-4278-895d-68fc481b7558</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="22D0D0B0A2A762F5BB0A3AE0ABF61762" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BBBBBC7370D11498697BC6061DB464FF" type="Zenodo-Dep">1456971</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7C1948708372A1CC8572468FDD3F3B29" type="ZooBank">2EA2EE4A-2BA4-438A-A1CB-D9C54F37DC78</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03ADDC33D463FA6AFF593528D54BFD65" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5950786" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148691102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5950786" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ADDC33D463FA6AFF593528D54BFD65" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ADDC33D463FA6AFF593528D54BFD65" lastPageId="18" pageId="17">
<subSubSection id="C31E3EAED463FA69FF593528D7DBFD5D" pageId="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF593528D6A3FD13" blockId="17.[151,697,619,646]" box="[151,697,619,646]" pageId="17">
<heading id="D0F3DA49D463FA69FF593528D6A3FD13" bold="true" box="[151,697,619,646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF593528D6A3FD13" authority="Laurent, 1955" authorityName="LAurENt" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,697,619,646]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subfulva" subGenus="Boulengerina">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF593528D6A3FD13" bold="true" box="[151,697,619,646]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF593528D4C8FD10" bold="true" box="[151,210,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17">Naja</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF2D3528D593FD10" bold="true" box="[227,393,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17">Boulengerina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FE543528D618FD10" bold="true" box="[410,514,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17">subfulva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FDC7352FD6A3FD13" box="[521,697,620,646]" pageId="17" refId="ref14477" refString="Laurent, R. F. (1955) Diagnoses preliminaires de quelques serpents venimeux. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaine, 51, 127 - 139." type="journal article">Laurent, 1955</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF5935F0D7DBFD5D" blockId="17.[151,1436,690,958]" box="[151,961,690,712]" pageId="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB144A0BD463FA69FF5935F0D7DBFD5D" box="[151,961,690,712]" pageId="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF5935F0D555FD5D" authorityName="Hallowell" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,335,690,712]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoleuca">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF5935F0D555FD5D" box="[151,335,690,712]" italics="true" pageId="17">Naia melanoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(not Hallowell);
<treatmentCitation id="0AA54B34D463FA69FE3135F1D6C0FD5D" author="" box="[511,730,690,712]" page="376" pageId="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FE3135F1D6B0FD5D" box="[511,682,690,712]" pageId="17" refId="ref12241" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History) III. British Museum (Natural History), London, 727 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 54273" type="book">Boulenger, 1896</bibRefCitation>
: 376
</treatmentCitation>
(part, vars
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FC8335F0D745FD5D" box="[845,863,691,712]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="17">A</collectingRegion>
[c] &amp; E).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E3EAED463FA69FF593591D65AFCF7" pageId="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF593591D7D1FC93" blockId="17.[151,1436,690,958]" pageId="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF593591D648FD72" authority="Laurent, 1955" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,594,721,743]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="melanoleuca" subSpecies="subfulva">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF593591D5AEFD72" box="[151,436,721,743]" italics="true" pageId="17">Naja melanoleuca subfulva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FE703591D648FD72" box="[446,594,721,743]" pageId="17" refId="ref14477" refString="Laurent, R. F. (1955) Diagnoses preliminaires de quelques serpents venimeux. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaine, 51, 127 - 139." type="journal article">Laurent, 1955</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Revue Zool.– Bot. Afr. 51: 132.
<typeStatus id="54BFD387D463FA69FC0E3591D7E8FD72" box="[960,1010,722,743]" pageId="17">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Lwiro,
<quantity id="4CFCC0C0D463FA69FB663592D0E1FD72" box="[1192,1275,721,743]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="17" unit="m" value="1850.0">1850 m</quantity>
, Kabare,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FAAD3592D182FD72" box="[1379,1432,721,743]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Sud-Kivu" pageId="17">Kivu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FF0935B3D57AFC93" box="[199,352,752,774]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="17">
Belgian
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FED235B3D57AFC93" box="[284,352,752,774]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="17">Congo</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
[=
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FE4D35B3D6DEFC93" box="[387,708,752,774]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="17">
Democratic Republic of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FDB235B3D6DEFC93" box="[636,708,752,774]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="17">Congo</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
],
<typeStatus id="54BFD387D463FA69FD1B35B3D734FC93" box="[725,814,752,774]" pageId="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MRAC 17514.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF593453D521FCD6" blockId="17.[151,1436,690,958]" pageId="17">
<materialsCitation id="3B6C6778D463FA69FF593453D12DFCB1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917075150" box="[151,1335,782,805]" country="Cameroon" location="Cameroon" pageId="17" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF593453D66AFCB1" authority="Stucki-Stirn, 1979" authorityName="Stucki-Stirn" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,624,782,805]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="melanoleuca" subSpecies="aurata">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF593453D5BFFCB0" box="[151,421,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="17">Naja melanoleuca aurata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FE7E344DD66AFCB1" box="[432,624,782,804]" pageId="17" refId="ref16111" refString="Stucki-Stirn, M. C. (1979) Snake Report 721. Herpeto-Verlag, Teuffenthal, 650 pp." type="book">Stucki-Stirn, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Snake Report 721: 617–620.
<typeStatus id="54BFD387D463FA69FC72344CD7F4FCB1" box="[956,1006,783,804]" pageId="17">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Bamenda,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FB04344DD12DFCB1" box="[1226,1335,782,804]" name="Cameroon" pageId="17">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B6C6778D463FA69FA88344CD521FCD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917075146" country="Cameroon" location="No" pageId="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="No" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FA88344CD17FFCB1" box="[1350,1381,783,804]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="17">No</collectingRegion>
<typeStatus id="54BFD387D463FA69FABE344CD186FCB1" box="[1392,1436,783,804]" pageId="17">type</typeStatus>
designated.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF59340ED65AFCF7" blockId="17.[151,1436,690,958]" box="[151,576,844,866]" pageId="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB144A0BD463FA69FF59340ED65AFCF7" box="[151,576,844,866]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF59340ED536FCF7" box="[151,300,844,866]" italics="true" pageId="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF59340ED53CFCF7" authorityName="LAurENt" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,294,844,866]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subfulva">Naja subfulva</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA54B34D463FA69FEFD340FD626FCF7" author="" box="[307,572,844,866]" page="54" pageId="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FEFD340FD60DFCF7" box="[307,535,844,866]" pageId="17" refId="ref13151" refString="Chirio, L. &amp; Ineich, I. (2006) Biogeography of the reptiles of the Central African Republic. African Journal of Herpetology, 55, 23 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21564574.2006.9635538" type="journal article">Chirio &amp; Ineich, 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 54
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E3EAED463FA69FF593428D71BFC2B" pageId="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF593428D6EFFC15" blockId="17.[151,1436,690,958]" box="[151,757,874,896]" pageId="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB144A0BD463FA69FF593428D6EFFC15" box="[151,757,874,896]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF593428D5AEFC15" box="[151,436,874,896]" italics="true" pageId="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF593428D5B4FC15" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,430,874,896]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="melanoleuca" subSpecies="subfulva">Naja melanoleuca subfulva</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA54B34D463FA69FE753429D6EAFC15" author="" box="[443,752,874,896]" page="584" pageId="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FE753429D6A4FC15" box="[443,702,874,896]" pageId="17" refId="ref13194" refString="Chirio, L. &amp; LeBreton, M. (2007) Atlas des reptiles du Cameroun. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 686 pp." type="book">Chirio &amp; LeBreton, 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 584
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF5934C9D7B4FC0A" blockId="17.[151,1436,690,958]" box="[151,942,905,927]" pageId="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB144A0BD463FA69FF5934C9D7B4FC0A" box="[151,942,905,927]" pageId="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF5934C9D655FC0A" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,591,905,927]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="melanoleuca" subGenus="Boulengerina" subSpecies="subfulva">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF5934C9D4D3FC0A" box="[151,201,906,927]" italics="true" pageId="17">Naja</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF1934CAD57BFC0A" box="[215,353,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="17">Boulengerina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FEA134CAD655FC0A" box="[367,591,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="17">melanoleuca subfulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FD8134CAD64FFC0A" box="[591,597,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="17">;</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA54B34D463FA69FD9234CAD7B0FC0A" author="" box="[604,938,905,927]" page="139" pageId="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FD9234CAD76DFC0A" box="[604,887,905,927]" pageId="17" refId="ref12387" refString="Broadley, D. G. &amp; Blaylock, R. (2013) The Snakes of Zimbabwe and Botswana. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 387 pp." type="book">Broadley &amp; Blaylock, 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 139
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF5934EAD71BFC2B" blockId="17.[151,1436,690,958]" box="[151,769,936,958]" pageId="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB144A0BD463FA69FF5934EAD71BFC2B" box="[151,769,936,958]" pageId="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FF5934EAD5EAFC2B" authorityName="HAllOwEll" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,496,936,958]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoleuca" subGenus="Boulengerina">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF5934EAD4D3FC2B" box="[151,201,937,958]" italics="true" pageId="17">Naja</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF1934EBD57BFC2B" box="[215,353,936,958]" italics="true" pageId="17">Boulengerina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FEA134EBD5EAFC2B" box="[367,496,936,958]" italics="true" pageId="17">melanoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA54B34D463FA69FE3034EBD6E6FC2B" author="" box="[510,764,936,958]" page="28" pageId="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9510D4D463FA69FE3034EBD6CCFC2B" box="[510,726,936,958]" pageId="17" refId="ref13294" refString="Conradie, W., Bills, R. &amp; Branch, W. R. (2016) The herpetofauna of the Cubango, Cuito, and lower Cuando river catchments of south-eastern Angola. Amphibian &amp; Reptile Conservation, 10, 6 - 36." type="journal article">
Conradie
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FDAF34EAD680FC2B" box="[609,666,936,958]" italics="true" pageId="17">et al.,</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
: 28
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E3EAED463FA69FF5934A9D02FFAD2" pageId="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF5934A9D02FFAD2" blockId="17.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF5934A9D50BFB96" bold="true" box="[151,273,1002,1027]" pageId="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
MidbOdy scAlE rOws 19, ExcEpt AlONg cOAstAl rEgiONs Of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FC6434A8D7C0FB96" box="[938,986,1003,1027]" country="Cameroon" name="East" pageId="17">EAst</collectingRegion>
AfricA (
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FBF534A8D091FB96" box="[1083,1163,1003,1027]" name="Kenya" pageId="17">KENyA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FB5634A9D11EFB96" box="[1176,1284,1002,1027]" name="Tanzania" pageId="17">TANzANiA</collectingCountry>
), whErE mOst spEcimENs hAvE 17 rOws. PAttErN highly vAriAblE. Adults Of mOst pOpulAtiONs distiNguishAblE iN hAviNg
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FAF1334CD151FBB2" box="[1343,1355,1039,1063]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="17">A</collectingRegion>
brOwN fOrEbOdy, OftEN with spOts, gENErAlly bEcOmiNg dArkEr Or blAckish pOstEriOrly. LAbiAl pAttErN mAy bE AttENuAtEd iN mANy Adults. VENtEr with sEvErAl blAck, dArk brOwN Or grEyish crOssbANds ON thE first 50 vENtrAls, grAduAlly bEcOmiNg uNifOrm blAck cAudAd iN sOmE pOpulAtiONs, but OftEN rEmAiNiNg ENtirEly light, OftEN with ExtENsivE dArkEr spOttiNg Or spEckliNg. WhErE prEsENt, thE light fOrEbOdy ANd/Or light pOstEriOr vENtEr ArE diAgNOstic fOr this spEciEs. GENErAlly fEwEr vENtrAl bANds ANd vENtrAl scAlEs thAN
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FC5D3380D075FB4E" authority="Or" authorityName="Or" box="[915,1135,1219,1243]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoleuca">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FC5D3380D051FB4E" box="[915,1099,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="17">N. melanoleuca</emphasis>
Or
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FBB33380D10DFB4E" authorityName="Wüster &amp; Chirio &amp; Trape &amp; Ineich &amp; Jackson &amp; Greenbaum &amp; Barron &amp; Kusamba &amp; Nagy &amp; Storey &amp; Hall &amp; Wüster &amp; Barlow &amp; Broadley" authorityYear="2018" box="[1149,1303,1219,1243]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savannula">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FBB33380D10DFB4E" box="[1149,1303,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="17">N. savannula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ANd fEwEr subcAudAls thAN
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FE9433A4D5E9FB6B" authorityName="Wüster &amp; Chirio &amp; Trape &amp; Ineich &amp; Jackson &amp; Greenbaum &amp; Barron &amp; Kusamba &amp; Nagy &amp; Storey &amp; Hall &amp; Wüster &amp; Barlow &amp; Broadley" authorityYear="2018" box="[346,499,1254,1278]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savannula">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FE9433A4D5E9FB6B" box="[346,499,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="17">N. savannula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C686589ED463FA69FDCB33A5D678FB6A" box="[517,610,1254,1279]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="16.[147,224,712,735]" captionText="TABLE 8. Variation in meristic characters in the species of the N. melanoleuca complex." pageId="17">TAblE 8</tableCitation>
). GENEticAlly diAgNOsAblE thrOugh pOssEssiON Of uNiquE mitOchONdriAl hAplOtypEs (cyt
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FE9E3248D544FAB6" box="[336,350,1291,1315]" italics="true" pageId="17">b</emphasis>
: GENBANk
<accessionNumber id="9457F0C6D463FA69FE2A3249D672FAB6" box="[484,616,1290,1315]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH337603" pageId="17">MH337603</accessionNumber>
–633; ND4:
<accessionNumber id="9457F0C6D463FA69FD393248D763FAB6" box="[759,889,1291,1315]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH337409" pageId="17">MH337409</accessionNumber>
–439) ANd uNiquE PRLR ANd UBN1 hAplOtypEs (PRLR:
<accessionNumber id="9457F0C6D463FA69FF3B326CD563FAD2" box="[245,377,1327,1351]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH337441" pageId="17">MH337441</accessionNumber>
–471; UBN1:
<accessionNumber id="9457F0C6D463FA69FDDB326DD683FAD2" box="[533,665,1326,1351]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH337531" pageId="17">MH337531</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="9457F0C6D463FA69FD6A326DD73DFAD2" box="[676,807,1326,1351]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH337536" pageId="17">MH337536</accessionNumber>
–562,
<accessionNumber id="9457F0C6D463FA69FCA5326DD7EAFAD2" box="[875,1008,1326,1351]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH337564" pageId="17">MH337564</accessionNumber>
–566).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E3EAED463FA69FF093211D160F83E" pageId="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF093211D0FDFA43" blockId="17.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF093211D525FAFE" bold="true" box="[199,319,1362,1387]" pageId="17">Variation.</emphasis>
DOrsAl scAlE rOws ON NEck 19–27, At midbOdy 19 (vEry rArEly 17 Or 21); vENtrAls 196–226; ANAl ENtirE; subcAudAls 55–71 (
<tableCitation id="C686589ED463FA69FE033235D636FA1A" box="[461,556,1398,1423]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="16.[147,224,712,735]" captionText="TABLE 8. Variation in meristic characters in the species of the N. melanoleuca complex." pageId="17">TAblE 8</tableCitation>
). SuprAlAbiAls 7 (vEry rArEly 5 Or 6), thE third ANd fOurth ENtEriNg Orbit; iNfrAlAbiAls 8 (rArEly 7), thE first fOur (rArEly thrEE) iN cONtAct with thE ANtEriOr subliNguAls,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FB5732D8D0AFFA26" box="[1177,1205,1435,1459]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="17">NO</collectingRegion>
cuNEAtE (vEry rArEly ONE); prEOculAr 1; pOstOculArs 3; tEmpOrAl 1+2 Or 1+3; tEmpOrAl bOrdEriNg pAriEtAls 5–9, usuAlly 7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF0932A1D054F93A" blockId="17.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF0932A1D545FA6E" bold="true" box="[199,351,1506,1531]" pageId="17">Colouration.</emphasis>
HEAd brOwN, thE suprAlAbiAls usuAlly bArrEd blAck ANd yEllOw,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FB8932A1D06DFA6E" box="[1095,1143,1506,1531]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="17">chiN</collectingRegion>
yEllOw. DOrsum uNifOrm blAck, Or with fAiNt whitE crOssbArs Or whitE-tippEd dOrsAl scAlEs, rEsultiNg iN
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FBD43144D03CF98A" box="[1050,1062,1543,1567]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="17">A</collectingRegion>
stippliNg EffEct, iN All juvENilEs. Adults frOm thE pEriphEry Of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FE103169D60CF9D6" box="[478,534,1578,1603]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="17">LAkE</collectingRegion>
VictOriA ANd pArts Of thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FCFE3168D761F9D6" box="[816,891,1579,1603]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="17">
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FCFE3168D761F9D6" box="[816,891,1579,1603]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="17">CONgO</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
BAsiN (
<figureCitation id="133F71A0D463FA69FC1E3169D008F9D6" box="[976,1042,1578,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,807,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,807,1556]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naja (Boulengerina) subfulva. Variation in colour and pattern. Top left: specimen from Kakamega, western Kenya, illustrating the typically deep black and white specimens with strong facial markings from the periphery of Lake Victoria. Bottom left: specimen from Chuka, Mount Kenya, Kenya, illustrating an extreme of the brown forebody and reduced facial pigmentation typical of the species in much of its range. Photos W. Wüster, courtesy Royjan Taylor / Bio-Ken snake farm live collection, Watamu, Kenya. Right: specimen from Bamenda, Cameroon, representing the form described by Stucki-Stirn (1979) as Naja melanoleuca aurata. Note the indistinct ventral bands and the lack of accessory ventral bands, as is typical of this species. Photo J.-F. Trape." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1456989/files/figure.png" pageId="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) hAvE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FB933168D073F9D6" box="[1117,1129,1579,1603]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="17">A</collectingRegion>
uNifOrmly blAck dOrsum As Adults, whErEAs iN mOst Of thE rANgE, Adults bEcOmE brOwN ANtEriOrly. ThErE mAy bE 2 Or 3 fAiNt yEllOw dividEd crOssbArs ON thE NEck. VENtrAl bANdiNg OftEN fAiNt iN Adults, with grEy Or pAlE brOwN vENtrAl bANds thAt mAy bE vEry iNcONspicuOus, Or lAckiNg AltOgEthEr. NArrOw AccEssOry vENtrAl bANds usuAlly AbsENt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF0931F9D170F962" blockId="17.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF0931F9D586F946" bold="true" box="[199,412,1722,1747]" pageId="17">Largest recorded.</emphasis>
2016+380 =
<quantity id="4CFCC0C0D463FA69FDFD31F9D684F947" box="[563,670,1722,1747]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.396" pageId="17" unit="mm" value="2396.0">2396 mm</quantity>
(tAil truNcAtEd) [JPT 1856 – ZiNAvE,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FBF031F9D0C3F946" box="[1086,1241,1722,1747]" name="Mozambique" pageId="17">MOzAmbiquE</collectingCountry>
], but NMZB-UM 17594 frOm INyANgANi TEA EstAtEs,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FDEB319DD6BAF962" box="[549,672,1758,1783]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="17">ZimbAbwE</collectingCountry>
, hAd
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FD14319CD6FCF962" box="[730,742,1759,1783]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="17">A</collectingRegion>
tOtAl lENgth Of
<quantity id="4CFCC0C0D463FA69FC5F319DD7E6F963" box="[913,1020,1758,1783]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.69" pageId="17" unit="mm" value="2690.0">2690 mm</quantity>
(ONly hEAd ANd NEck prEsErvEd).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA69FF093041D160F83E" blockId="17.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF093041D5EEF88E" bold="true" box="[199,500,1794,1819]" pageId="17">Suggested common name</emphasis>
. BrOwN fOrEst cObrA. This suggEstiON rEflEcts thE fAct thAt iN mOst pOpulAtiONs, with thE ExcEptiON Of thE surrOuNdiNgs Of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FD8E3065D662F8AA" box="[576,632,1830,1855]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="17">LAkE</collectingRegion>
VictOriA ANd sOmE lOcAtiONs iN thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FBDA3064D045F8AA" box="[1044,1119,1831,1855]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="17">
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FBDA3064D045F8AA" box="[1044,1119,1831,1855]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="17">CONgO</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
BAsiN, thE ANtEriOr bOdy Of Adults is brOwN rAthEr thAN blAck. WE NOtE thAt thE distributiON Of this spEciEs iNcludEs mANy NON-fOrEstEd hAbitAts, iNcludiNg sAvANNAs ANd OpEN wEtlANds (SpAwls
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FD02302CD713F813" box="[716,777,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="17">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018). HOwEvEr, rEtENtiON Of thE wOrd “fOrEst” iN thE cOmmON NAmE cONvEys thE phylOgENEtic iNfOrmAtiON thAt this spEciEs is pArt Of thE
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D463FA69FBF030D0D116F83E" box="[1086,1292,1939,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoleuca">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FBF030D0D116F83E" box="[1086,1292,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="17">Naja melanoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cOmplEx.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E3EAED463FA6AFF0930F5D010FDA8" lastPageId="18" pageId="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D463FA6AFF0930F5D010FDA8" blockId="17.[151,1437,1002,2035]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,752]" lastPageId="18" pageId="17">
<emphasis id="B970B137D463FA69FF0930F5D57AF85A" bold="true" box="[199,352,1974,1999]" pageId="17">Distribution.</emphasis>
FOrEst/sAvANNA mOsAic, ENcircliNg thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FCD530F4D77CF85A" box="[795,870,1975,1999]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="17">
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FCD530F4D77CF85A" box="[795,870,1975,1999]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="17">CONgO</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
BAsiN, frOm thE grAssfiElds Of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FB0630F4D105F85B" box="[1224,1311,1975,1998]" country="Zambia" name="Western" pageId="17">wEstErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FAE630F4D187F85A" box="[1320,1437,1975,1999]" name="Cameroon" pageId="17">CAmErOON</collectingCountry>
NOrthwArd, rEAchiNg
<geoCoordinate id="EE300BE2D463FA69FE4A3099D5F8F866" box="[388,482,2010,2035]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" precision="555" value="13.45">13.45°N</geoCoordinate>
At BOl,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FD8D3099D69BF866" box="[579,641,2010,2035]" name="Chad" pageId="17">ChAd</collectingCountry>
, ON thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FD113099D724F866" box="[735,830,2010,2035]" country="Zambia" name="Northern" pageId="17">NOrthErN</collectingRegion>
shOrE Of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FC613099D7FDF866" box="[943,999,2010,2035]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="17">LAkE</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D463FA69FC3E3099D031F866" box="[1008,1067,2010,2035]" name="Chad" pageId="17">ChAd</collectingCountry>
(IRD 2802.N),
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D463FA69FB2A3098D10AF866" box="[1252,1296,2011,2035]" country="Cameroon" name="East" pageId="17">EAst</collectingRegion>
thrOugh thE
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFF5937DBD4CBFF25" box="[151,209,152,176]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="18">CAR</collectingCountry>
ANd
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFEC837D4D58EFF25" box="[262,404,151,176]" name="South Sudan" pageId="18">
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFEC837D4D55DFF25" box="[262,327,151,176]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="18">SOuth</collectingRegion>
SudAN
</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFE5437DBD5AAFF25" box="[410,432,152,176]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFE7837DBD617FF3A" box="[438,525,152,175]" country="Zambia" name="Western" pageId="18">wEstErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFDDA37D4D66CFF25" box="[532,630,151,176]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="18">EthiOpiA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFD4E37D4D6A7FF25" box="[640,701,151,176]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="18">sOuth</collectingRegion>
thrOugh
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFCEF37D4D766FF25" box="[801,892,151,176]" name="Uganda" pageId="18">UgANdA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFC4837DBD7C7FF3A" box="[902,989,152,175]" country="Zambia" name="Western" pageId="18">wEstErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFC2A37DBD02BFF25" box="[996,1073,152,176]" name="Kenya" pageId="18">KENyA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFBF437DBD093FF25" box="[1082,1161,152,176]" country="Zambia" name="Eastern" pageId="18">EAstErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFB5E37DBD0D6FF25" box="[1168,1228,152,176]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="18">DRC</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFB1937D4D12DFF25" box="[1239,1335,151,176]" name="Rwanda" pageId="18">RwANdA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFA8E37D4D186FF25" box="[1344,1436,151,176]" name="Burundi" pageId="18">BuruNdi</collectingCountry>
ANd
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFF0737FED53AFF41" box="[201,288,189,212]" country="Zambia" name="Western" pageId="18">wEstErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFEE537FFD58AFF40" box="[299,400,188,213]" name="Tanzania" pageId="18">TANzANiA</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFE5437FFD5AAFF41" box="[410,432,188,212]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFE7437FFD603FF40" box="[442,537,188,213]" country="Zambia" name="Northern" pageId="18">NOrthErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFDED37FFD666FF40" box="[547,636,188,213]" name="Malawi" pageId="18">MAlAwi</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFD4737FED6A7FF41" box="[649,701,189,212]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="18">wEst</collectingRegion>
thrOugh
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFCE637FFD767FF40" box="[808,893,188,213]" name="Zambia" pageId="18">ZAmbiA</collectingCountry>
ANd
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFC7537FFD002FF41" box="[955,1048,188,212]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Katanga" pageId="18">KAtANgA</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFBED37FFD023FF41" box="[1059,1081,188,212]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFB8D37FFD08FFF40" box="[1091,1173,188,213]" name="Angola" pageId="18">ANgOlA</collectingCountry>
ANd thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFB3037FFD187FF41" box="[1278,1437,188,212]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="18">
LOwEr
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFA9C37FFD187FF41" box="[1362,1437,188,212]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="18">CONgO</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
rEgiON (
<figureCitation id="133F71A0D460FA6AFF23379CD528FF6D" box="[237,306,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1552,1574]" captionTargetBox="[157,1421,845,1502]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,807,1530]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution of the five species of the N. melanoleuca complex. A full list of voucher specimens beyond those included in multivariate analyses and Appendix 2 is available on request from the first author." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1456983/files/figure.png" pageId="18">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). ThE distributiON ExtENds disjuNctly
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFD1A37A3D71AFF6D" box="[724,768,224,248]" country="Cameroon" name="East" pageId="18">EAst</collectingRegion>
ANd
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFCF8379CD768FF6D" box="[822,882,223,248]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="18">sOuth</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFCB737A3D795FF6D" box="[889,911,224,248]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFC7137A3D7F5FF6D" box="[959,1007,224,248]" country="Cameroon" name="East" pageId="18">EAst</collectingRegion>
AfricAN
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFB9D37A3D096FF6D" box="[1107,1164,224,248]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="18">cOAst</collectingRegion>
frOm
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFB1E37A3D103FF6D" box="[1232,1305,224,248]" name="Kenya" pageId="18">KENyA</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFAEE37A3D12CFF6D" box="[1312,1334,224,248]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFAF3379CD186FF6D" box="[1341,1436,223,248]" country="Zambia" name="Northern" pageId="18">NOrthErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFF593647D55DFE88" box="[151,327,260,285]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="18">KwAZulu-NAtAl</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFE993647D5EBFE88" box="[343,497,260,285]" name="South Africa" pageId="18">
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFE993647D581FE88" box="[343,411,260,285]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="18">SOuth</collectingRegion>
AfricA
</collectingCountry>
), iNcludiNg iNlANd lOcAtiONs iN
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFC9A3646D7B1FE89" box="[852,939,261,284]" country="Zambia" name="Western" pageId="18">wEstErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFC7A3647D02AFE88" box="[948,1072,260,285]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="18">ZimbAbwE</collectingCountry>
. ThE prEcisE distributiON Of this tAxON iN thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFEFE366BD561FED5" box="[304,379,296,320]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="18">
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFEFE366BD561FED5" box="[304,379,296,320]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="18">CONgO</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
rEgiON rEmAiNs
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFDF1366BD64FFED5" box="[575,597,296,320]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
bE AscErtAiNEd: wE hAvE hErE prOvidEd mOlEculAr EvidENcE Of multiplE spEcimENs Of this spEciEs frOm thE EvErgrEEN fOrEst zONE Of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFCE1360FD794FEF0" box="[815,910,332,357]" country="Zambia" name="Northern" pageId="18">NOrthErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFC5B360FD073FEF1" box="[917,1129,332,357]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="18">
REpublic Of
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFBD0360FD073FEF1" box="[1054,1129,332,356]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="18">CONgO</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
(LikOuAlA FOrEst – JAcksON
<emphasis id="B970B137D460FA6AFF593632D4CBFE1D" box="[151,209,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
, 2007) ANd thE NOrthEAstErN
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFDD73633D649FE1D" box="[537,595,368,392]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="18">DRC</collectingCountry>
(NOrthwEstErN
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFCCE362CD7CFFE1D" box="[768,981,367,392]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Orientale" pageId="18">OriENtAlE PrOviNcE</collectingRegion>
AlONg thE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFB813633D080FE1D" box="[1103,1178,368,392]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="18">
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFB813633D080FE1D" box="[1103,1178,368,392]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="18">CONgO</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFB6C362CD0FCFE1D" box="[1186,1254,367,392]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18">RivEr</collectingRegion>
). SOmE Of thEsE spEcimENs ANd pOpulAtiONs ArE difficult
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFDAD36D7D663FE39" box="[611,633,404,428]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
diffErENtiAtE frOm sympAtric
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D460FA6AFC0236D6D064FE39" box="[972,1150,404,428]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoleuca">
<emphasis id="B970B137D460FA6AFC0236D6D064FE39" box="[972,1150,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="18">N. melanoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NEcEssitAtiNg thE usE Of DNA bArcOdiNg ApprOAchEs (HEbErt
<emphasis id="B970B137D460FA6AFD8236FAD691FE45" box="[588,651,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
, 2003; ClAusE
<emphasis id="B970B137D460FA6AFC8B36FAD79EFE45" box="[837,900,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016)
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFC2836FBD7E6FE45" box="[998,1020,440,464]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
ENsurE rEliAblE idENtificAtiON. TwO spEcimENs frOm sOuthEAstErN
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFE22369FD65AFE60" box="[492,576,476,501]" name="Nigeria" pageId="18">NigEriA</collectingCountry>
with lOw vENtrAl scAlE cOuNts ANd lAckiNg vENtrAl bANdiNg Or displAyiNg
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFA5E369FD186FE61" box="[1424,1436,476,500]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18">A</collectingRegion>
siNglE fAdEd bANd mAy AlsO bE AssigNAblE
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFDB33543D689FD8D" box="[637,659,512,536]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="18">tO</collectingRegion>
this spEciEs (DEgEmA,
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFC5136BCD7F2FD8D" box="[927,1000,511,536]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18">RivErs</collectingRegion>
StAtE: BMNH 1902.11.10.9, ANd “Oil
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFF593567D4C6FDA8" box="[151,220,548,573]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18">RivEr</collectingRegion>
”: BMNH 88.8.29.20), suggEstiNg
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFD963567D67EFDA9" box="[600,612,548,572]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18">A</collectingRegion>
widEr distributiON iN
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFC993567D7BCFDA9" box="[855,934,548,572]" country="Zambia" name="Eastern" pageId="18">EAstErN</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3132DB5D460FA6AFC603567D01CFDA8" box="[942,1030,548,573]" name="Nigeria" pageId="18">NigEriA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E3EAED460FA6AFF093504D54BFD65" pageId="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBB6D25D460FA6AFF093504D54BFD65" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="18">
<emphasis id="B970B137D460FA6AFF093504D55EFDF5" bold="true" box="[199,324,583,608]" pageId="18">Comment.</emphasis>
This spEciEs displAys cONsidErAblE gEOgrAphic vAriAtiON iN pAttErN ANd scAlAtiON, As wEll As iNdicAtiONs Of phylOgEOgrAphic structurE. ThE prEsENt study fOcusEd ON thE rElAtiONships AmONg thE fivE mitOchONdriAlly dEfiNEd cANdidAtE spEciEs, ANd did
<collectingRegion id="49C0A3C7D460FA6AFD1135D3D719FD3D" box="[735,771,656,680]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="18">NOt</collectingRegion>
ENcOmpAss thE full rANgE Of mOrphOlOgicAl vAriAtiON iN
<taxonomicName id="4C0416A6D460FA6AFA4C35D2D4ECFD59" authorityName="LAurENt" authorityYear="1955" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Naja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subfulva">
<emphasis id="B970B137D460FA6AFA4C35D2D4ECFD59" italics="true" pageId="18">N. subfulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is pOssiblE thAt futurE wOrk mAy idENtify AdditiONAl cryptic divErsity withiN this widE-rANgiNg ANd vAriAblE spEciEs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink