236 lines
32 KiB
XML
236 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FE9E9B7EFA27BC1BAB39E7B57F81B691">Notes on Phalangiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) of southern Africa with description of new species and comments on within-species variation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5BF764820288270F5913C40BD0F7C41A">Taylor, Christopher K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="249F717062C8FE48063C42BCDAC898E6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7A5EC9C09CC28721E53BC70B0F2BC9CE">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="976C140D8240A1E5DDF2AA42B06BF035">4272</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03AC87C5C973FF91FF67FE1BFBF8F8B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6028329" ID-GBIF-Taxon="130893546" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6028329" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87C5C973FF91FF67FE1BFBF8F8B6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87C5C973FF91FF67FE1BFBF8F8B6" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
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<subSubSection id="C31F6558C973FF91FF67FE1BFE7EFE2A" box="[151,472,476,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D3C973FF91FF67FE1BFE7EFE2A" blockId="4.[151,472,476,502]" box="[151,472,476,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
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<heading id="D0F281BFC973FF91FF67FE1BFE7EFE2A" bold="true" box="[151,472,476,502]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FF67FE1BFE7EFE2A" ID-CoL="7PXLB" authority="Simon 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,472,476,502]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF67FE1BFE7EFE2A" bold="true" box="[151,472,476,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF67FE1BFE99FE2A" bold="true" box="[151,319,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FEB6FE1BFE7EFE2A" author="Simon" box="[326,472,476,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 22, 70 - 75." type="journal article" year="1879">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F6558C973FF91FF67FDE5FBF8F8B6" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D3C973FF91FF67FDE5FE43FDE4" blockId="4.[151,485,546,568]" box="[151,485,546,568]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FF67FDE5FE03FDE4" ID-CoL="7PXLB" authority="Simon 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,421,546,568]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF67FDE5FE87FDE4" box="[151,289,546,568]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FED7FDE5FE03FDE4" author="Simon" box="[295,421,546,568]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 22, 70 - 75." type="journal article" year="1879">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: lxxii.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D3C973FF91FF67FDA2FDCEFBAA" blockId="4.[151,1437,613,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF67FDA2FF47FDA2" bold="true" box="[151,225,613,638]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Notes.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FF19FDA2FDB2FDA2" ID-CoL="7PXLB" authority="Simon 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" box="[233,532,613,638]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF19FDA2FE27FDA1" box="[233,385,613,637]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FE7AFDA2FDB2FDA2" author="Simon" box="[394,532,613,638]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 22, 70 - 75." type="journal article" year="1879">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be the most difficult genus of African
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FBFCFDA2FB06FDA2" ID-CoL="7NLYL" box="[1036,1184,613,638]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phalangiinae">Phalangiinae</taxonomicName>
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, if only because of its high diversity of recognised species. It is widespread in southern Africa with described species as far north as
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<collectingCountry id="F3127643C973FF91FF67FD6AFF4CFD1A" box="[151,234,685,710]" name="Angola" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Angola</collectingCountry>
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in the western part of the continent and
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<collectingCountry id="F3127643C973FF91FD46FD6AFCB4FD1A" box="[694,786,685,710]" name="Somalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Somalia</collectingCountry>
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in the east. However, those species found in the northern part of
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FF17FD16FED9FD35" ID-CoL="7PXLB" box="[231,383,721,745]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF17FD16FED9FD35" box="[231,383,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’ range remain unrevised and their assignment to this genus requires confirmation. Over much of the southern part of its range,
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FDFCFD32FD02FCD1" ID-CoL="7PXLB" box="[524,676,757,781]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FDFCFD32FD02FCD1" box="[524,676,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the only genus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FC64FD32FB83FCD2" ID-CoL="6268T" box="[916,1061,757,782]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phalangiidae</taxonomicName>
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known to be present. It has been distinguished from most other African genera of
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FD23FCDEFCC2FCEE" ID-CoL="6268T" box="[723,868,793,818]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phalangiidae</taxonomicName>
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by its cheliceral morphology, in which the male chelicerae are enlarged and usually denticulate in comparison to the female, but not swollen as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FAB4FCF9FA33FC89" ID-CoL="7PHR6" box="[1348,1429,830,853]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Guruia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FAB4FCF9FA33FC89" box="[1348,1429,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Guruia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, as described below for
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FDE4FCA5FD76FCA5" ID-CoL="7YRCD" box="[532,720,865,889]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conjunctidens">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FDE4FCA5FD76FCA5" box="[532,720,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. conjunctidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FCF9FCA5FC30FCA5" ID-CoL="7YRD6" box="[777,918,865,889]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubicolus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FCF9FCA5FC30FCA5" box="[777,918,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. nubicolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, not all males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FBAEFCA6FB50FCA5" ID-CoL="7PXLB" box="[1118,1270,865,889]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FBAEFCA6FB50FCA5" box="[1118,1270,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have enlarged chelicerae and cheliceral development may vary significantly even within a single species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FB5FFC42FAEEFC41" ID-CoL="7PXLB" box="[1199,1352,901,925]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FB5FFC42FAEEFC41" box="[1199,1352,901,925]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from all other Afrotropical phalangiine genera except
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FC59FC6EFB81FC1D" ID-CoL="7P7TP" box="[937,1063,937,961]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dacnopilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FC59FC6EFB81FC1D" box="[937,1063,937,961]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Dacnopilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its male genital morphology with a hatchet-shaped glans, and with the distal end of the penile shaft broadened and hollowed to form a distinct ‘spoon’.
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FF0FFC36FEDBFBD5" ID-CoL="7P7TP" box="[255,381,1009,1033]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dacnopilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF0FFC36FEDBFBD5" box="[255,381,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Dacnopilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FD53FC36FC9DFBD5" ID-CoL="7PXLB" box="[675,827,1009,1033]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FD53FC36FC9DFBD5" box="[675,827,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of denticles on the supracheliceral lamellae (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FEF7FBD1FE02FBF2" author="Roewer" box="[263,420,1046,1070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1911) Ubersicht der Genera der Subfamilie der Phalangiini der Opiliones Palpatores nebst Beschreibung einiger neuer Gattungen und Arten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Part I, 77 (Supplement 2), 1 - 106, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1911">Roewer 1911</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FE4AFBD2FD9EFBF1" ID-CoL="7P7TP" box="[442,568,1045,1069]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dacnopilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FE4AFBD2FD9EFBF1" box="[442,568,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Dacnopilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as currently recognised has a biogeographically unusual distribution, being the only genus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FE98FBFEFE5FFB8E" ID-CoL="6268T" box="[360,505,1081,1106]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phalangiidae</taxonomicName>
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with representatives in both the Afrotropical and Mediterranean regions (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FAB7FBFDFF75FBAA" author="Starega" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Starega, W. (1984) Revision der Phalangiidae (Opiliones), III. Die afrikanischen Gattungen der Phalangiinae, nebst Katalog aller afrikanischen Arten der Familie. Annales Zoologici, 38 (1), 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1984">Staręga 1984</bibRefCitation>
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), and warrants further investigation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D3C973FF91FF37FB46FCBBF9DE" blockId="4.[151,1437,613,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6D3C8EC973FF91FF37FB46FCBFF9DE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1562860371" country="South Africa" location="Eastern Cape province" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Eastern Cape province" typeStatus="holotype">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FF0AFB46FE34FB45" ID-CoL="7PXLB" box="[250,402,1153,1177]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF0AFB46FE34FB45" box="[250,402,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species of
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<collectingCountry id="F3127643C973FF91FDE2FB46FD04FB46" box="[530,674,1153,1178]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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were revised by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FC95FB45FB80FB46" author="Lawrence" box="[869,1062,1154,1178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Lawrence, R. F. (1931) The harvest-spiders (Opiliones) of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 29 (2), 341 - 508." type="journal article" year="1931">Lawrence (1931)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FBAEFB46FB55FB46" author="Kauri" box="[1118,1267,1153,1178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Kauri, H. (1961) Opiliones. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. & Rudebeck, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life: Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951. Fol. 8. Almqvist & Wiksell, Uppsala, pp. 9 - 197." type="journal article" year="1961">Kauri (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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, with the latter providing the most recent key for the identification of males. Unfortunately, subsequent studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FB22FB62FA31FB62" author="Schonhofer" box="[1234,1431,1189,1214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Schonhofer, A. L. (2008) On harvestmen from the Soutpansberg, South Africa, with description of a new species of Monomontia (Arachnida: Opiliones). African Invertebrates, 49 (2), 109 - 126." type="journal article" year="2008">Schönhofer 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FF67FB0DFE8DFB3E" author="Starega" box="[151,299,1226,1250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Starega, W. (2009) Some southern African species of the genus Rhampsinitus Simon (Opiliones: Phalangiidae). Zootaxa, 1981, 43 - 56." type="journal article" year="2009">Staręga 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have exposed issues with earlier revisions by demonstrating the presence of a wider range of withinspecies variation than previously recognised. It is possible that a number of species currently recognised in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FF67FAD6FE96FAF5" ID-CoL="7PXLB" box="[151,304,1297,1321]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FF67FAD6FE96FAF5" box="[151,304,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Rhampsinitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may prove synonymous. Kauri’s (1961) key draws heavily on characters of the chelicerae that may not prove reliable (it should also be noted that a number of species characterised within the key by ‘unarmed chelicerae’ are in fact described from females only). The genital morphology for a number of species described by earlier authors remains undescribed, further complicating comparisons. Particularly problematic on this front is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE8871C973FF91FF67FA65FF61FA66" box="[151,199,1442,1466]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FE34FA65FD73FA66" ID-CoL="7YRCX" authority="Simon 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" box="[452,725,1441,1466]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lalandei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FE34FA65FDE6FA65" box="[452,576,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. lalandei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FDB9FA66FD73FA66" author="Simon" box="[585,725,1441,1466]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 22, 70 - 75." type="journal article" year="1879">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for which the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE8871C973FF91FC73FA65FC15FA66" box="[899,947,1442,1466]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen has been lost (Muñoz-Cuevas
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FA76FA65FA3AFA65" box="[1414,1436,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FF67FA02FEE5FA02" author="Crawford" box="[151,323,1477,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Crawford, R. L. (1992) Catalogue of the genera and type species of the harvestman superfamily Phalangioidea (Arachnida). Burke Museum Contributions in Anthropology and Natural History, 8, 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="1992">Crawford 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE8871C973FF91FE5DFA01FE7BFA02" box="[429,477,1478,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is uncertain (it was originally reported as ‘Cafrerie’, possibly corresponding to somewhere in what is now the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C1F831C973FF91FDFFFA2DFCB7F9DE" box="[527,785,1513,1538]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C1F831C973FF91FDFFFA2DFDC5F9DD" box="[527,611,1514,1537]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cape province
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D3C973FF91FF37F9CAFBF8F8B6" blockId="4.[151,1437,613,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">
|
||
Of particular note is the identification below of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FD17F9CAFC8CF9FA" ID-CoL="B7PC3" box="[743,810,1549,1574]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
males for at least two species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FB7FF9C9FAEDF9F9" ID-CoL="7YRCD" box="[1167,1355,1549,1573]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conjunctidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FB7FF9C9FAEDF9F9" box="[1167,1355,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. conjunctidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FA74F9C9FEA2F995" ID-CoL="7YRD6" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FA74F9C9FEA2F995" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. nubicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the chelicerae not enlarged and mostly unarmed. This represents a more extreme form of the variation within species described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FDB3F992FCB0F9B2" author="Schonhofer" box="[579,790,1621,1646]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Schonhofer, A. L. (2008) On harvestmen from the Soutpansberg, South Africa, with description of a new species of Monomontia (Arachnida: Opiliones). African Invertebrates, 49 (2), 109 - 126." type="journal article" year="2008">Schönhofer (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FCB7F991FC58F9B1" ID-CoL="7YRDQ" box="[839,1022,1621,1645]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transvaalicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FCB7F991FC58F9B1" box="[839,1022,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. transvaalicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FBC7F991FB7BF9B2" author="Starega" box="[1079,1245,1622,1646]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Starega, W. (2009) Some southern African species of the genus Rhampsinitus Simon (Opiliones: Phalangiidae). Zootaxa, 1981, 43 - 56." type="journal article" year="2009">Staręga (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FAFEF991FAC8F9B1" ID-CoL="7YRCZ" box="[1294,1390,1621,1645]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leighi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FAFEF991FAC8F9B1" box="[1294,1390,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. leighi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FEF9F9BEFE44F94E" author="Schonhofer" box="[265,482,1657,1682]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Schonhofer, A. L. (2008) On harvestmen from the Soutpansberg, South Africa, with description of a new species of Monomontia (Arachnida: Opiliones). African Invertebrates, 49 (2), 109 - 126." type="journal article" year="2008">Schönhofer (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, variation in cheliceral size also corresponds with variation in pedipalpal length, individuals with longer chelicerae also having longer pedipalps relative to body length. It is likely that other species in the genus will prove to exhibit such variation with further investigation.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FBAEF906FB54F906" author="Kauri" box="[1118,1266,1729,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Kauri, H. (1961) Opiliones. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. & Rudebeck, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life: Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951. Fol. 8. Almqvist & Wiksell, Uppsala, pp. 9 - 197." type="journal article" year="1961">Kauri (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described two species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FEDFF922FED4F922" ID-CoL="B7PC3" box="[303,370,1765,1790]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
males,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FE3BF921FD61F922" ID-CoL="7YRCP" authority="Kauri 1961" authorityName="Kauri" authorityYear="1961" box="[459,711,1765,1790]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forsteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FE3BF921FD99F921" box="[459,575,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. forsteri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FDB7F922FD61F922" author="Kauri" box="[583,711,1765,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Kauri, H. (1961) Opiliones. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. & Rudebeck, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life: Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951. Fol. 8. Almqvist & Wiksell, Uppsala, pp. 9 - 197." type="journal article" year="1961">Kauri 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FCF0F921FB8CF922" ID-CoL="7YRD8" authority="Kauri 1961" authorityName="Kauri" authorityYear="1961" box="[768,1066,1765,1790]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qachasneki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FCF0F921FC39F921" box="[768,927,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. qachasneki</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FC57F922FB8CF922" author="Kauri" box="[935,1066,1765,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Kauri, H. (1961) Opiliones. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. & Rudebeck, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life: Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951. Fol. 8. Almqvist & Wiksell, Uppsala, pp. 9 - 197." type="journal article" year="1961">Kauri 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though no corresponding major males are yet known. As described below,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FD72F8CDFCD9F8FE" ID-CoL="B7PC3" authority="Loman 1898" authorityName="Loman" authorityYear="1898" box="[642,895,1802,1826]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FD72F8CDFD40F8FD" box="[642,742,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. minor</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FD1FF8CDFCD9F8FE" author="Loman" box="[751,895,1802,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Loman, J. C. C. (1898) Neue Opilioniden von Sud-Afrika und Madagaskar. Ergebnisse einer Reise von Prof. Max Weber im Jahre 1894. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 11, 515 - 531. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26904" type="journal article" year="1898">Loman 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is likely to represent a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FB60F8CEFB75F8FE" ID-CoL="B7PC3" box="[1168,1235,1801,1826]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FACBF8CDFE8BF89A" ID-CoL="7YRCZ" authority="Pocock 1903" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1903" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leighi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FACBF8CDFA3AF8FD" box="[1339,1436,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. leighi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B22C973FF91FF67F8EAFE8BF89A" author="Pocock" box="[151,301,1837,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1903) On some new harvest-spiders of the order Opiliones from the southern continents. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1902 (2), 392 - 413." type="journal article" year="1903">Pocock 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FDDEF8EAFDD7F89A" ID-CoL="B7PC3" box="[558,625,1837,1862]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
males is likely to prove problematic; those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FB7CF8E9FAEFF899" ID-CoL="7YRCD" box="[1164,1353,1837,1861]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conjunctidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FB7CF8E9FAEFF899" box="[1164,1353,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. conjunctidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D50C973FF91FA74F8E9FEA2F8B5" ID-CoL="7YRD6" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Rhampsinitus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC1C973FF91FA74F8E9FEA2F8B5" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="240">R. nubicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be readily distinguished except through examination of the genitalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |