193 lines
24 KiB
XML
193 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="0E892AA43D9713C33D196116F738F435" ID-DOI="10.13133/2284-4880/547" ID-ISSN="2284-4880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12762398" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721239357453" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grebennikov, Vasily V." docDate="2021" docId="03A5143AFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FD70C6A1" docLanguage="en" docName="FragEntomol.53.2.283-298.pdf" docOrigin="Fragmenta entomologica 53 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.13133/2284-4880/547" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8499FF4308F512386C0E43DC290A16BD.1:FragEntomol.2021-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="8499FF4308F512386C0E43DC290A16BD" docStyleName="FragEntomol.2021-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Balleriodes sphaera Grebennikov, 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="290" masterDocId="FF9C6C42FF9BFFD4FFD5B035FFE6C12D" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic placement of a new paleoendemic pill scarab from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, triggers biogeographic interpretations (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae, Ceratocanthinae)" masterLastPageNumber="298" masterPageNumber="283" pageNumber="290" updateTime="1721239891135" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5CFF3F1D903024E2C324B44103940D52">Phylogenetic placement of a new paleoendemic pill scarab from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, triggers biogeographic interpretations (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae, Ceratocanthinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EA91672E76C7D5A35AFBD24E407492C4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7DE379839CC9FF796AA7D1153E869E28">Grebennikov, Vasily V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7BF30F081606CF173FA73535413D77DC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6D7E6A2E19FCB4B0C8E223A19EA712A9">Fragmenta entomologica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B68947CACCDDF0CC56054361E6C581DD">
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<mods:date id="3E76357FD18BD5D923E8EB84D051A1B1">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3C5074629F43449DE56720560E3EA513">2021-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BE088058EF600BC8341CA61BB80A4B74">53</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B0B1EF416F97D5338D3ACFFA663243B7">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="75273DD5A3FEC32C2A4C7BB2EBF16A41">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="97595C2ED63B35EA675B13FA17BCB46E" type="DOI">10.13133/2284-4880/547</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A5143AFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FD70C6A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A5143AFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FD70C6A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A5143AFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FD70C6A1" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
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<subSubSection id="C316F6A7FF9CFFD3FF7BB321FE03C201" box="[174,485,788,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB3A52CFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FE03C201" blockId="7.[174,485,788,844]" box="[174,485,788,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
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<heading id="D0FB1240FF9CFFD3FF7BB321FE03C201" bold="true" box="[174,485,788,812]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B978793EFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FE03C201" bold="true" box="[174,485,788,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CDEAFFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FE6EC201" ID-CoL="8SSQY" authorityName="Grebennikov" authorityYear="2021" box="[174,392,788,812]" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" genus="Balleriodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sphaera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B978793EFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FE6EC201" bold="true" box="[174,392,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Balleriodes sphaera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24BC445FF9CFFD3FE5AB321FE03C201" box="[399,485,788,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316F6A7FF9CFFD3FF7BB301FE59C261" box="[174,447,820,844]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB3A52CFF9CFFD3FF7BB301FE59C261" blockId="7.[174,485,788,844]" box="[174,447,820,844]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
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<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FF7BB301FEF8C261" box="[174,286,820,844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,183,1015,1034]" captionTargetBox="[151,1451,166,998]" captionTargetId="figure-428@2.[151,1451,164,998]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 – A, Distribution of Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov. and potentially related and/or similar pill scarabs in Africa and Madagascar. B-F: Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov., holotype, habitus (B: left lateral, C: dorsal, D: ventral; E: anterior, F: posterior)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762406/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Figs 1B–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FEFCB301FE8FC261" box="[297,361,820,844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[151,182,1832,1851]" captionTargetBox="[183,1430,219,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-9@6.[148,1454,163,1801]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2 – Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov., paratypes (A-R, specimen 8969, S, specimen 8752), details. A-B, head, fronto-dorsal (A) and frontal (B); C, maxilla; D, labrum; E-F, mandibles; G, antenna; H: labium; I-J, elytron in ventral view showing phoretic mites (J, enlarged); K, prothorax, ventral view; L-N, fore, middle and hind left legs; O, pterothorax, ventral view; P-R, phallobase and parameres, right lateral (P), left lateral (Q) and dorsal (R) views; abdomen, with male genitalia in situ. Images are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762410/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">2A–S</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FEA6B301FE64C261" box="[371,386,820,844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1720,1739]" captionTargetBox="[153,1455,164,1703]" captionTargetId="figure-101@8.[151,1465,161,1703]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 3 – Habitus of select ingroup and outgroup pill scarabs, dorsal view; images are to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762414" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762414/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FE5BB301FE7BC261" box="[398,413,820,844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[137,168,1724,1743]" captionTargetBox="[136,1436,169,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-87@9.[133,1447,166,1701]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 4 – Habitus of select ingroup and outgroup pill scarabs, left lateral view; images are to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762418/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FE7DB301FE50C261" box="[424,438,820,844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[136,168,1832,1851]" captionTargetBox="[147,1429,172,1796]" captionTargetId="figure-4@11.[147,1429,169,1800]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5 – Maximum likelihood tree of Ceratocanthinae pill scarabs (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae), as reconstructed by RAxML from the three-fragment concatenated matrix.Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov. is inside the monophyletic Synarmostes group. Branches with ML bootstrap support percentage ≥90 are marked by black circles; those with bootstrap <90 and ≥75 are marked by open rhombi. Colours of Ceratocanthinae taxa and branches indicate their biogeographical region. Habitus images are to scale; small black arrows indicate imaged specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762422/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316F6A7FF9CFFD3FF7BB341FE15C281" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation id="3B64AF71FF9CFFD3FF7BB341FE09C281" country="Tanzania" elevation="1083" latitude="-7.8419" location="Udzungwa Mountains" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="36.8546" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54B71B8EFF9CFFD3FF7BB341FF03C2A1" box="[174,229,884,908]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F31BE5BCFF9CFFD3FE8CB341FE5DC2A1" box="[345,443,884,908]" name="Tanzania" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, the
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,
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,
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316F6A7FF9CFFD3FF7BB3E1FDE9C5C1" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B978793EFF9CFFD3FF7BB3E1FEDFC2C1" bold="true" box="[174,313,980,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Description.</emphasis>
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||
The morphological description is the same as that given above for the genus.
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<typeStatus id="54B71B8EFF9CFFD3FDF8B3C1FD76C521" box="[557,656,1012,1036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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maximal body length (in enrolled position,
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<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FE2EB421FDA8C501" box="[507,590,1044,1068]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,183,1015,1034]" captionTargetBox="[151,1451,166,998]" captionTargetId="figure-428@2.[151,1451,164,998]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 – A, Distribution of Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov. and potentially related and/or similar pill scarabs in Africa and Madagascar. B-F: Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov., holotype, habitus (B: left lateral, C: dorsal, D: ventral; E: anterior, F: posterior)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762406/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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):
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(variation: 3.2 – 3.4, n = 3), maximal body width 3.0 (variation: 3.0 –
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, n = 3), maximal body height in lateral view (
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<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FF1BB441FEC1C5A1" box="[206,295,1140,1164]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,183,1015,1034]" captionTargetBox="[151,1451,166,998]" captionTargetId="figure-428@2.[151,1451,164,998]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 – A, Distribution of Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov. and potentially related and/or similar pill scarabs in Africa and Madagascar. B-F: Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov., holotype, habitus (B: left lateral, C: dorsal, D: ventral; E: anterior, F: posterior)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762406/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
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):
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. DNA of
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: MW393776 (COI); DNA data of
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<typeStatus id="54B71B8EFF9CFFD3FEBDB4A0FE34C580" box="[360,466,1173,1197]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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: MW340075, MW340084, MW393773–5, MW393777–9 (COI), MW340105 (ITS2) and MW340120, MW340129 (28S).
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B978793EFF9CFFD3FF7BB4C1FE63C421" bold="true" box="[174,389,1268,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B64AF71FF9CFFD3FE5EB4C1FE7EC4A1" collectingDate="2014-10-07" collectionCode="V" country="Tanzania" county="Canada" elevation="1083" latitude="-7.8419" location="National Collection of Insects" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="36.8546" municipality="Ottawa" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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(deposited in the Canadi- an
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,
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<location id="8ED3F3F7FF9CFFD3FE0AB521FDAFC401" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A5143AFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FD70C6A1:8ED3F3F7FF9CFFD3FE0AB521FDAFC401" box="[479,585,1300,1324]" country="Tanzania" county="Canada" latitude="-7.8419" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="36.8546" municipality="Ottawa" name="Arachnids" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Arachnids</location>
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and
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<location id="8ED3F3F7FF9CFFD3FDACB521FD17C401" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A5143AFF9CFFD3FF7BB321FD70C6A1:8ED3F3F7FF9CFFD3FDACB521FD17C401" box="[633,753,1300,1324]" country="Tanzania" county="Canada" latitude="-7.8419" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="36.8546" municipality="Ottawa" name="Nematodes" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Nematodes</location>
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,
|
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BD73F56FF9CFFD3FF52B501FF32C461" box="[135,212,1332,1356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Ottawa</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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), not sexed, “
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, Udzungwa Mts.,
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,
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|
||
<elevation id="0021421FFF9CFFD3FEEAB561FE6CC441" box="[319,394,1364,1388]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.083" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="1083.0">1083m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB283ECFF9CFFD3FE40B561FE14C441" box="[405,498,1364,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" value="2014-10-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF67A04FF9CFFD3FE40B561FE14C441" box="[405,498,1364,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" value="2014-10-07">7.x.2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, sift03,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1D3DE9FF9CFFD3FD91B561FDB1C441" box="[580,599,1364,1388]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
.Grebennikov”, “CNCCOLVG00008750”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B64AF71FF9CFFD3FE78B540FD45C4C1" collectingDate="2014-10-07" collectionCode="V" country="Tanzania" county="Canada" elevation="1083" latitude="-7.8419" location="National Collection of Insects" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="36.8546" municipality="Ottawa" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" specimenCount="8" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B71B8EFF9CFFD3FE78B540FDF7C4A0" box="[429,529,1397,1421]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(deposited together with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B71B8EFF9CFFD3FF30B5A1FEA5C481" box="[229,323,1428,1452]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0A6EA5FF9CFFD3FE80B5A1FE1AC481" box="[341,508,1428,1452]" count="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
8751–55 and 8968–70, same data as holotype (of them specimen 8968 is in the collection of Alberto Ballerio; see Acknowledgements)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C316F6A7FF9CFFD3FF7BB5C1FF3AC701" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB3A52CFF9CFFD3FF7BB5C1FF3AC701" blockId="7.[135,757,980,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978793EFF9CFFD3FF7BB5C1FED8C721" bold="true" box="[174,318,1524,1548]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B71B8EFF9CFFD3FD13B5C0FD12C720" box="[710,756,1525,1549]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C316F6A7FF9CFFD3FF7BB601FE96C7C1" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB3A52CFF9CFFD3FF7BB601FE96C7C1" blockId="7.[135,757,980,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978793EFF9CFFD3FF7BB601FEEFC761" bold="true" box="[174,265,1588,1612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
All specimens were taken in a single sifting sample in the montane rainforest, although a total of 13 sifting samples was taken in the Udzungwa Mountains (sample list in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68E9097FF9CFFD3FEEDB6A1FE6BC781" box="[312,397,1684,1708]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[816,866,183,202]" captionText="Table 1. DNA fragments used in the phylogenetic analyses (total number of sequenced terminals, followed by minimal, maximal and aligned length of each fragment, and the first and the last position of each aligned fragment in the concatenated matrix)." pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
|
||
Table
|
||
<quantity id="4CF408C9FF9CFFD3FE55B6A1FE6BC781" box="[384,397,1684,1708]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9DD8DDFF9CFFD3FE69B6A1FD68C781" author="Grebennikov V. V." box="[444,654,1684,1708]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" refId="ref9432" refString="Grebennikov V. V. 2017. Phylogeography and sister group of Lupangus, a new genus for three new flightless allopatric forest litter weevils endemic to the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Molytinae). Fragmenta entomologica, 49: 37 - 55. Doi: https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / fe. 2017.229" type="book" year="2017">Grebennikov 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Phoretic mites were detected under the elytra of both dissected
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B71B8EFF9CFFD3FF5DB6E0FF08C7C0" box="[136,238,1749,1773]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1337B9A9FF9CFFD3FF29B6E1FE85C7C1" box="[252,355,1748,1772]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[151,182,1832,1851]" captionTargetBox="[183,1430,219,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-9@6.[148,1454,163,1801]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2 – Balleriodes sphaera gen. et sp. nov., paratypes (A-R, specimen 8969, S, specimen 8752), details. A-B, head, fronto-dorsal (A) and frontal (B); C, maxilla; D, labrum; E-F, mandibles; G, antenna; H: labium; I-J, elytron in ventral view showing phoretic mites (J, enlarged); K, prothorax, ventral view; L-N, fore, middle and hind left legs; O, pterothorax, ventral view; P-R, phallobase and parameres, right lateral (P), left lateral (Q) and dorsal (R) views; abdomen, with male genitalia in situ. Images are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12762410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12762410/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Figs 2I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C316F6A7FF9CFFD3FF7BB6C1FD70C6A1" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB3A52CFF9CFFD3FF7BB6C1FD70C6A1" blockId="7.[135,757,980,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978793EFF9CFFD3FF7BB6C1FECEC621" bold="true" box="[174,296,1780,1804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="290">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species epithet is the Latin noun meaning “ball, globe, sphere”, with reference to the peculiarly globular shape of conglobate specimens of the new species, likely most closely approaching a perfect sphere among all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0CDEAFFF9CFFD3FDBCB761FF4AC6A1" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Hybosoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ceratocanthinae">Ceratocanthinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and, therefore, of all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0CDEAFFF9CFFD3FE5FB741FE1BC6A1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[394,509,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
); in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |