130 lines
16 KiB
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130 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="6A291792D5CDF1CEC23B076DC7CF6385" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.sajb.2017.06.011" ID-ISSN="1727-9321" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10496466" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1705062396179" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Elliott, T. L. & Muasya, A. M." docDate="2017" docId="0396E93B3415051AFFEC1202FDFCD255" docLanguage="en" docName="SAfrJBot.112.354-360.pdf" docOrigin="South African Journal of Botany 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.06.011" docStyle="DocumentStyle:AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4.1:SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4" docStyleName="SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Epischoenus C. B. Clarke" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="358" masterDocId="FFAF91433411051EFFB6113AFFC5D72F" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic realignment in the southern African Tetraria (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae; Schoenus clade) *" masterLastPageNumber="360" masterPageNumber="354" pageNumber="358" updateTime="1705514124583" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:title id="80E9112F87506F633078CA0889A62155">Taxonomic realignment in the southern African Tetraria (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae; Schoenus clade) *</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="856FF09D8A5753E9DA44A99A84D98541">Elliott, T. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="235F14EE120CF551D0BAEEB6404E6A45">Muasya, A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7BE939AA4D0E6194A9D7FE926ECD35BF">South African Journal of Botany</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D8ACBAD63EC9168F18F28BF70AA1F2FC">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="011496A463880C59163628277BEA4124">2017-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F29A65C1678A7E7B14E9026282FE4B35">112</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A5C06EBE77801FA32179577267D576C7" type="DOI">10.1016/j.sajb.2017.06.011</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D234064D905C59DBE5265ACC31E00219" type="ISSN">1727-9321</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph id="8B80582D3415051AFFEC1202FE8CD463" blockId="4.[90,329,824,844]" box="[90,329,824,844]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">
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<heading id="D0C8EF413415051AFFEC1202FE8CD463" box="[90,329,824,844]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFFEC1202FE8CD463" box="[90,329,824,844]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">
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6.3.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFFC91202FF2BD463" ID-CoL="8VXF8" authorityName="C. B. Clarke" box="[127,238,824,844]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Epischoenus</taxonomicName>
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and allies
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3250BA63415051AFFCC124AFDFCD255" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80582D3415051AFFCC124AFDFCD255" blockId="4.[90,760,880,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFFCC124AFE8AD4AB" ID-CoL="8VXF8" authority="C. B. Clarke" authorityName="C. B. Clarke" box="[122,335,880,900]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFFCC124AFF2FD4AB" box="[122,234,880,900]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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C.B.Clarke
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="130444A83415051AFEE8124BFE7FD4AB" box="[350,442,881,900]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,138,760,774]" captionTargetBox="[239,1372,144,723]" captionTargetId="figure-180@3.[237,1374,142,724]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Examples of plants from each of the four clades of Schoenus found in southern Africa, showing the corresponding spikelets beneath each plant: A and F—S. nigricans, B and G—T.compar, C and H—Epischoenus sp. and D and I—T.cuspidata.A ‘reticulate-sheathed’ Tetraria of the Tricostularia clade is shown in E, with its spikelet shown in J.The black scale bar beneath the spikelets in F–J represents 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496470/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Fig. 2C, H</figureCitation>
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) is a small genus of eight species endemic to the CFR that is also part of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFDE512B6FD7ED4B0" box="[595,699,908,927]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Schoeneae">Schoeneae</taxonomicName>
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tribe (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFFD21292FEE0D493" author="Goetghebeur, P." box="[100,293,936,956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" pagination="141 - 190" refId="ref7676" refString="Goetghebeur, P., 1998. Cyperaceae. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Flowering Plants, Monocotyledons: Alismatanae and Commelinanae (except Gramineae). Springer, New York, New York, United States, pp. 141 - 190." type="book chapter" year="1998">Goetghebeur, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFE821292FDA6D493" author="Manning, J. & Goldblatt, P." box="[308,611,936,956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" refId="ref8408" refString="Manning, J., Goldblatt, P., 2012. Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region. 1: The Core Cape Flora. South African National Biodiversity Institute." type="book" year="2012">Manning and Goldblatt, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFDC61292FF4CD4F8" author="Viljoen, J. - A. & Muasya, A. M. & Barrett, R. L. & Bruhl, J. J. & Gibbs, A. K. & Slingsby, J. A. & Wilson, K. L. & Verboom, G. A." pageId="4" pageNumber="358" pagination="2494 - 2508" refId="ref8887" refString="Viljoen, J. - A., Muasya, A. M., Barrett, R. L., Bruhl, J. J., Gibbs, A. K., Slingsby, J. A., Wilson, K. L., Verboom, G. A., 2013. Radiation and repeated transoceanic dispersal of Schoeneae (Cyperaceae) through the southern hemisphere. American Journal of Botany 100, 2494 - 2508." type="journal article" year="2013">Viljoen et al., 2013</bibRefCitation>
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). Apart from M.R. Levyns (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFE3012FEFD83D4F8" author="Leighton, F. M. & Levyns, M. & Gerstener, J." box="[390,582,964,984]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" pagination="53 - 64" refId="ref8057" refString="Leighton, F. M., Levyns, M., Gerstener, J., 1947. Plantae Novae Africanae. South African Journal of Botany 13, 53 - 64." type="journal article" year="1947">Leighton et al., 1947</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFDF912FFFD0CD4F8" author="Levyns, M. R." box="[591,713,964,984]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" pagination="69 - 82" refId="ref8183" refString="Levyns, M. R., 1959. A revision of Epischoenus CB Cl. South African Journal of Botany 25, 69 - 82." type="journal article" year="1959">Levyns, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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), little taxonomic attention has been given to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFE5F12E5FD9DD4DC" ID-CoL="8VXF8" box="[489,600,991,1011]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFE5F12E5FD9DD4DC" box="[489,600,991,1011]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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since the formation of the genus by C.B.Clarke.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFE2E12C6FD32D320" author="Browning, J. & Gordon-Gray, K. D." box="[408,759,1020,1039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" pagination="147 - 152" refId="ref7358" refString="Browning, J., Gordon-Gray, K. D., 1995. Studies in Cyperaceae in southern Africa 27: a contribution to knowledge of spikelet morphology in Epischoenus and the relationship of this genus to Schoenus. South African Journal of Botany 61, 147 - 152." type="journal article" year="1995">Browning and Gordon-Gray (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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compared the spikelet morphology of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFE6A152DFD8AD304" ID-CoL="8VXF8" box="[476,591,1047,1067]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFE6A152DFD8AD304" box="[476,591,1047,1067]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFDC5152DFD0FD304" ID-CoL="8VSG9" box="[627,714,1047,1067]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFDC5152DFD0FD304" box="[627,714,1047,1067]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Schoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and made the assertion that the two genera should be treated as one, instead of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFFC71575FF25D34C" ID-CoL="8VXF8" box="[113,224,1103,1123]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFFC71575FF25D34C" box="[113,224,1103,1123]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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having separate endemic African status. In addition, they noted that the current species delimitation in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFDB11550FDB3D351" ID-CoL="8VXF8" box="[519,630,1130,1150]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFDB11550FDB3D351" box="[519,630,1130,1150]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is not acceptable and the entire genus should be revised. Phylogenetic data (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFD0315BDFF7ED399" author="Viljoen, J. - A. & Muasya, A. M. & Barrett, R. L. & Bruhl, J. J. & Gibbs, A. K. & Slingsby, J. A. & Wilson, K. L. & Verboom, G. A." pageId="4" pageNumber="358" pagination="2494 - 2508" refId="ref8887" refString="Viljoen, J. - A., Muasya, A. M., Barrett, R. L., Bruhl, J. J., Gibbs, A. K., Slingsby, J. A., Wilson, K. L., Verboom, G. A., 2013. Radiation and repeated transoceanic dispersal of Schoeneae (Cyperaceae) through the southern hemisphere. American Journal of Botany 100, 2494 - 2508." type="journal article" year="2013">Viljoen et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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) confirm
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFEAC1598FE4CD399" ID-CoL="8VXF8" box="[282,393,1186,1206]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFEAC1598FE4CD399" box="[282,393,1186,1206]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to be close to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFDA61598FDA0D399" ID-CoL="8VSG9" box="[528,613,1186,1206]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFDA61598FDA0D399" box="[528,613,1186,1206]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Schoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and embedded in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFFC21584FF7AD3FD" ID-CoL="8W44F" baseAuthorityName="Levyns" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[116,191,1214,1234]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Tetraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFFC21584FF7AD3FD" box="[116,191,1214,1234]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Tetraria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="130444A83415051AFF791585FEC1D3FD" box="[207,260,1215,1234]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[113,138,950,964]" captionTargetBox="[322,1289,144,914]" captionTargetId="figure-714@1.[320,1291,142,914]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction of the Schoeneae clade of sedges based on ETS,ITS,rbcL,rps16 and trnL-trnF (adapted from Viljoen et al., 2013). The seven major clades of Schoeneae and their approximate divergence times in millions of years are shown in A,with the southern African species highlighted in light grey. Phylogenetic relationships within the Schoenus clade are shown in B, which illustrates the four clades found in southern Africa: S. nigricans, T.compar–T. picta, Epischoenus and T.cuspidata and allies." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496468/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Based on preliminary examination of herbarium specimens, we concur that a revision of all
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFDB715E0FD7AD3C1" box="[513,703,1242,1262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFDB715E0FDB6D3C1" box="[513,627,1242,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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is required, as the current available keys do not allow unambiguous identification of taxa (see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE25DC3415051AFE9C1429FE69D209" author="Levyns, M. R." box="[298,428,1299,1318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" pagination="69 - 82" refId="ref8183" refString="Levyns, M. R., 1959. A revision of Epischoenus CB Cl. South African Journal of Botany 25, 69 - 82." type="journal article" year="1959">Levyns, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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), and there is a large amount of variation in the different morphotypes included within several of the species. We anticipate that there are between three and seven new species within the clade currently named
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F23AE3415051AFE70145CFDF1D255" ID-CoL="8VXF8" box="[454,564,1382,1402]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Epischoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94B843F3415051AFE70145CFDF1D255" box="[454,564,1382,1402]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="358">Epischoenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |