164 lines
18 KiB
XML
164 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="ED9F145CF68377D090F82F18FF8CA334" ID-CLB-Dataset="21681" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4792.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd8ef826-0c0f-4261-b127-1d1afa7f5601" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3895976" ID-ZooBank="326F6A15-216E-439A-AD59-3CDF7551D3F6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1592306202477" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trietsch, Carolyn, Mikó, István, Ezray, Briana & Deans, Andrew R." docDate="2020" docId="039687D1FFC565499FA4FB3D406FC3E7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4792.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4792 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Conostigmus pergandei" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="72" masterDocId="FFAFFFA9FF82650E9F33FFEC4445C438" masterDocTitle="A Taxonomic Revision of Nearctic Conostigmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea: Megaspilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="155" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1698842444354" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="30739BD9299C0F3A4DB1A24DBE29027D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D1CFFFB0394B827CAFC12DDAE2948872">
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<mods:title id="CE8C5C8A9179AA31D81CC777CD84C0D5">A Taxonomic Revision of Nearctic Conostigmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea: Megaspilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9FBB8D547DE5D200C3B936F05721B85A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8B456252764BB3BE1A2580DF0BF85504">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FDEB1D24A9DFFC08DF836CA6B633431B">Trietsch, Carolyn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C1FD97E65A1B727CD77FF0D9B924F9B3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="666B47ADE354A62EFBE39DC810D5FD07">Mikó, István</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C0AFBB62CBB4BA1D879F4CF22A8D5A09" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6C792D69238B8E2C83B411CBDC3AC2ED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DA0C297D565D671B1AC082D345A0A061">Ezray, Briana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="32789DD602FABD2B51E5E0471FEEF98C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BFE0D564A7D27EA81C1998FB89B24DD8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5136CB63D1523DFBE79BB25CC788D9D6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C8A62083D3073A7D178EEB6D5FF71C69">Deans, Andrew R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="51560E9B1F52A1C4DAE9A9155CAAF45D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0373D90B787A41C8EDE166D045AC3D8A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8CE11075AEC22D921EF41154F9939E74">
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<mods:date id="060FA7CEE5AA8887E7066CC75B757665">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0D9D947A21985DCA4895F4AE13350E0C">2020-06-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F5C8E03F0BD8716ABF2CE6CE5C5ABA98">4792</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D480EABBF38D844A88F7CD361530A6CF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A398D955F948D4BDA69A6211EEB48C97" type="CLB-Dataset">21681</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A1FF12F54CF2BCE6AFC85F208F5C51DA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4792.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039687D1FFC565499FA4FB3D406FC3E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686584" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164612405" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686584" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687D1FFC565499FA4FB3D406FC3E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687D1FFC565499FA4FB3D406FC3E7" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFFC565499FA4FB3D46CAC0D3" box="[151,655,1233,1260]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC565499FA4FB3D46CAC0D3" blockId="71.[151,655,1233,1295]" box="[151,655,1233,1260]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<heading id="D0C881ABFFC565499FA4FB3D46CAC0D3" bold="true" box="[151,655,1233,1260]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499FA4FB3D46CAC0D3" ID-CoL="XTL9" authority="(Ashmead, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[151,655,1233,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergandei">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499FA4FB3D46CAC0D3" bold="true" box="[151,655,1233,1260]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499FA4FB3D45F3C0D4" bold="true" box="[151,438,1233,1260]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Conostigmus pergandei</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFC565499EF7FB3D46C3C0D3" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[452,646,1233,1259]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref99024" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1893) A monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 45, 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1" type="journal article" year="1893">Ashmead, 1893</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFFC565499FA4FB1947C9C383" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC565499FA4FB1944A2C137" blockId="71.[151,655,1233,1295]" box="[151,231,1269,1295]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<figureCitation id="13042A42FFC565499FA4FB1944A2C137" box="[151,231,1269,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="72.[151,250,1619,1644]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 39. Conostigmus pergandei (Ashmead, 1893) female lectotype (USNMENT01339755). A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3896054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3896054/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC565499FA4FAD0466DC1DF" blockId="71.[151,1437,1340,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499FA4FAD04654C16F" bold="true" box="[151,529,1340,1367]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Species Comments and History.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFC565499D24FAD14697C16F" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[535,722,1341,1367]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref99024" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1893) A monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 45, 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1" type="journal article" year="1893">Ashmead (1893)</bibRefCitation>
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described this species from a single male specimen collected in
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<collectingRegion id="49FBF825FFC565499FA4FA8D455AC143" box="[151,287,1377,1403]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Washington</collectingRegion>
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, D.C. The specimen is deposited in the USNM, and is point-mounted and in good condition except that the left antenna is missing the last two flagellomeres and the right antenna is missing last four flagellomeres.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFC565499A7BFA6945DDC1FC" author="Masner, L. & Muesebeck, C. F. W." pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refId="ref102493" refString="Masner, L. & Muesebeck, C. F. W. (1968) The types of Proctotrupoidea (Hymenoptera) in the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 143 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.270" type="book" year="1968">Masner and Muesebeck (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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report the damages to the right antenna but not the left antenna, which must have happened since they examined the specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC565499FF4FA1D4174C26B" blockId="71.[151,1437,1340,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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The specimen has the sternaulus absent and the facial pit, preoccipital furrow, and mesopostscutellum present. The specimen is
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499E66F9F945A3C217" authorityName="Ratzeburg" authorityYear="1852" box="[341,486,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Dendrocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499E66F9F945A3C217" box="[341,486,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Dendrocerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-like in that the metapleural sulcus appears arched. The tip of the harpe is protruding and looks simple and blunt in shape, but we were not able to confirm any other male genitalia characters.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC565499FF4F9B147ABC33F" blockId="71.[151,1437,1340,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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The two Nearctic species that most resemble this species are
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499CBBF9B14041C24F" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[904,1028,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duncani">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499CBBF9B14041C24F" box="[904,1028,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. duncani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499B0CF9B14092C24F" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1087,1239,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orcasensis">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499B0CF9B14092C24F" box="[1087,1239,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. orcasensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which both also have the facial pit, preoccipital furrow, and mesopostscutellum present and the sternaulus absent. Both species also have the harpe simple and blunt in shape. The metapleural sulcus can be straight or arched among specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499FA4F9254556C2DB" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,275,1737,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duncani">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499FA4F9254556C2DB" box="[151,275,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. duncani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; because
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499EB6F925465DC2DB" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[389,536,1737,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergandei">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499EB6F925465DC2DB" box="[389,536,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. pergandei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(arched) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499D85F9254708C2DB" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[694,845,1737,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orcasensis">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499D85F9254708C2DB" box="[694,845,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. orcasensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(straight) are only known by single specimens, it is uncertain whether this intraspecific variation occurs in these species as well.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC565499FF4F8FD47C9C383" blockId="71.[151,1437,1340,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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There appear to be differences in flagellomere length and antennal ratios between the three species, with
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499AB0F8FD454DC377" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergandei">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499AB0F8FD454DC377" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. pergandei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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having much shorter flagellomeres than the other two species, but we were not able to measure the
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<typeStatus id="54848865FFC565499A5FF8D941D9C377" box="[1388,1436,1845,1871]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">type</typeStatus>
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specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499E1BF8B545FFC34B" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[296,442,1881,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergandei">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499E1BF8B545FFC34B" box="[296,442,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. pergandei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to compare.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499D7DF8B54706C34B" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[590,835,1881,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duncani">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499D7DF8B54706C34B" box="[590,835,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Conostigmus duncani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499C48F8B54054C34B" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[891,1041,1881,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orcasensis">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499C48F8B54054C34B" box="[891,1041,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. orcasensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can only be differentiated by male genitalia characters, and we were not able to dissect out the male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499CDDF891403AC3AF" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1006,1151,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergandei">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499CDDF891403AC3AF" box="[1006,1151,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">C. pergandei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or locate any other specimens. We consider
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC565499E42F84D463EC383" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[369,635,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergandei">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499E42F84D463EC383" box="[369,635,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Conostigmus pergandei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499D87F84E47C3C383" box="[692,902,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">species inquirenda</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFFC565499FF4F828406FC3E7" box="[199,1066,1988,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC565499FF4F828406FC3E7" blockId="71.[151,1437,1340,2015]" box="[199,1066,1988,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC565499FF4F82845F2C3E7" bold="true" box="[199,439,1988,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Material Examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B573C9AFFC565499E8DF829406FC3E7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636226452" box="[446,1066,1988,2015]" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="USA" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54848865FFC565499E8DF829466BC3E7" box="[446,558,1989,2015]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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male:
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<collectingCountry id="F3287657FFC565499D49F82946F3C3E7" box="[634,694,1989,2015]" name="United States of America" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|
: USNMENT01339755 (
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE02FFC565499CF4F829405BC3E7" box="[967,1054,1989,2015]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
|
).
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |