344 lines
43 KiB
XML
344 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="EAE6982AE41E538EE3CA3977A75C0586" ID-CLB-Dataset="4513" ID-DOI="10.1649/0010-065X-70.3.562" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee1fd645-796b-40bd-aee7-42e31583fa64" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5407498" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630347131788" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Minoshima, Yûsuke N., Iwata, Yasuyuki & Hayashi, Masakazu" docDate="2016" docId="039687CB87560D24FD3FCB85FEF4FEAB" docLanguage="en" docName="0010-065X-70.3.562.pdf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 70 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-70.3.562" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2EB3F597F2B0CC5A46E1CC6BDBBC1050.2:TheColeopBull.2010-2016.scientific_note.1cover" docStyleId="2EB3F597F2B0CC5A46E1CC6BDBBC1050" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2010-2016.scientific_note.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="564" masterDocId="FFAFFFB387570D20FFC2C86FFFA3FFF7" masterDocTitle="Egg-Case and Pupa ofEnochrus (methydrus) japonicus (Sharp) (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="565" masterPageNumber="561" pageNumber="562" updateTime="1699242340363" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="0BC73F902AD4AF1F4577B02BCC2E6232">Egg-Case and Pupa ofEnochrus (methydrus) japonicus (Sharp) (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F5CA9E6CB3CE2263C63913719534E10C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A25775E316A820568E5BE0D68BEECAEC">Minoshima, Yûsuke N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="77E8F816776C003C2E45AE36ECC01FF8">Iwata, Yasuyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="18F686F37D4F0B634FAED50704F493B3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B1717AF84CBF32FF90422E84762E8440">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4733DA26A412076D8CE1E84A03CD99DC">Hayashi, Masakazu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="93E9F39616E8F642233384B278B353A9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="23D891A7F9903D0C36E13D4EA98AA730">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="85B81AFF5750E9CD898B6FFC9726AD2B">
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<mods:date id="1F497E169E95C1B02060798145F3D8E0">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2020D5586B74B0E9DDD738FD4163DF69">2016-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E8BD9935C38759FA43F09CE7FB0C8774">70</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039687CB87560D24FD3FCB85FEF4FEAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5476732" ID-GBIF-Taxon="185371328" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5476732" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687CB87560D24FD3FCB85FEF4FEAB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687CB87560D24FD3FCB85FEF4FEAB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">
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<subSubSection id="C325655687560D21FD3FCB85FC45FBEE" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036DD87560D21FD3FCB85FC45FBEE" blockId="1.[765,1092,1002,1076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">
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<heading id="D0C881B187560D21FD3FCB85FC45FBEE" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87560D21FD3FCB85FC45FBEE" ID-CoL="39WD7" authority="(Sharp, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Methydrus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FD3FCB85FC45FBEE" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FD3FCB85FCFEFC08" bold="true" box="[765,861,1002,1023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Enochrus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FCAECB85FC76FC08" bold="true" box="[876,981,1002,1023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Methydrus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FC27CB85FBE7FC08" bold="true" box="[997,1092,1002,1023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">japonicus</emphasis>
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(Sharp, 1873)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C325655687560D21FCAECC70FC76FBC3" box="[876,981,1054,1076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036DD87560D21FCAECC70FC76FBC3" blockId="1.[765,1092,1002,1076]" box="[876,981,1054,1076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13042A5887560D21FCB1CC70FC6DFBC3" box="[883,974,1054,1076]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionStartId-1="3.[175,206,1040,1059]" captionTargetBox-0="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1159,194,1007]" captionTargetId-0="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId-1="figure-380@3.[151,1173,183,1016]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Enochrus japonicus, pupa. A) Dorsal view, B) Lateral view, C) Ventral view, D) Pronotum." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407502" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5407502/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325655687560D21FD07CC26FBFCFB59" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8036DD87560D21FD07CC26FBFCFB59" blockId="1.[685,1172,1097,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FD07CC26FC28FBA9" bold="true" box="[709,907,1097,1118]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Material Examined</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B573C8087560D21FC55CC26FBF9FB59" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3340951301" collectingDate="2012-05-27" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Y. Iwata & Y. Minoshima" country="Japan" county="Honshu" location="Five" municipality="Nagaoka-shi" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" specimenCode="R22" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-pupa="1" stateProvince="Niigata">
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<location id="8EE0600687560D21FC55CC26FC62FBA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687CB87560D24FD3FCB85FEF4FEAB:8EE0600687560D21FC55CC26FC62FBA9" box="[919,961,1097,1118]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" municipality="Nagaoka-shi" name="Five" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" stateProvince="Niigata">Five</location>
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egg-cases,
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<specimenCount id="9D39FD5487560D21FBF0CC26FB33FBA9" box="[1074,1168,1097,1118]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" type="pupa">six pupae</specimenCount>
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,
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<location id="8EE0600687560D21FD6FCC0BFD57FB8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687CB87560D24FD3FCB85FEF4FEAB:8EE0600687560D21FD6FCC0BFD57FB8E" box="[685,756,1124,1145]" country="Japan" county="Honshu" municipality="Nagaoka-shi" name="Joganji" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" stateProvince="Niigata">Jôganji</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE4ACA787560D21FCCFCC0BFC24FB8E" box="[781,903,1124,1145]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Nagaoka-shi</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49FBF83F87560D21FC63CC0BFB88FB8E" box="[929,1067,1124,1145]" country="Japan" name="Niigata" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Niigata pref.</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62E14E5187560D21FB81CC0BFB33FB8E" box="[1091,1168,1124,1145]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Honshû</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F328764D87560D21FD6FCC10FD46FB63" box="[685,741,1151,1172]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FF81101D87560D21FD37CC10FCF9FB63" box="[757,858,1151,1172]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" value="2012-05-27">
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<collectingDate id="EFC5E9F587560D21FD37CC10FCF9FB63" box="[757,858,1151,1172]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" value="2012-05-27">27.V.2012</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(adults collected in the field),
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<specimenCode id="DB999EA687560D21FD6FCCF6FD74FB59" box="[685,727,1177,1198]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">R22</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectorName id="26CA530B87560D21FD20CCF6FC96FB59" box="[738,821,1177,1198]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Y. Iwata</collectorName>
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leg., reared by
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<collectorName id="26CA530B87560D21FC0FCCF6FBF9FB59" box="[973,1114,1177,1198]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Y. Minoshima</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325655687560D23FD07CCDBFDBCFB3E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="1" pageNumber="562" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036DD87560D21FD07CCDBFBC4FA9F" blockId="1.[685,1172,1097,1729]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FD07CCDBFB87FB3E" bold="true" box="[709,1060,1204,1225]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Description of Eggs and Egg-case</emphasis>
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Eggs light yellowish white in color, oblong-oval, aggregated in a compact group. Egg-case constructed on substrate (
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<figureCitation id="13042A5887560D21FD2CCD6CFCECFAEF" box="[750,847,1283,1305]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Fig.1A–B</figureCitation>
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), generally built above water surface. Egg-case composed of 2 layers of silk; inner one covering the eggs; outer one a swollen net of silk, loosely covering inner layer. Mast absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036DD87560D23FD07CD01FDBCFB3E" blockId="1.[685,1172,1097,1729]" lastBlockId="3.[151,638,1124,1730]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="564" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FD07CD01FC47FA74" bold="true" box="[709,996,1390,1411]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Description of Pupa. Color:</emphasis>
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Slightly greenish, milky white when alive (
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<figureCitation id="13042A5887560D21FC6ACDE7FC4FFA6A" box="[936,1004,1416,1437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Fig.1E</figureCitation>
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), white in specimens fixed with boiling water, or entirely greyish white or greyish white and partially black in specimens fixed with ethanol. Eyes become red to brown when alive (
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<figureCitation id="13042A5887560D21FCA1CD9DFC06F9F0" box="[867,933,1522,1543]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Fig.1E</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FC75CD9DFC51F9F0" bold="true" box="[951,1010,1522,1543]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Body:</emphasis>
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Broad, abdomen more slender (
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<figureCitation id="13042A5887560D21FCFECE62FCD2F9D5" box="[828,881,1549,1570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[175,206,1040,1059]" captionTargetBox="[167,1159,194,1007]" captionTargetId="figure-380@3.[151,1173,183,1016]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Enochrus japonicus, pupa. A) Dorsal view, B) Lateral view, C) Ventral view, D) Pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407502/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Fig.2</figureCitation>
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). Head, thorax, and abdomen with styli, without simple setae.
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87560D21FC35CE48FB90F9CB" bold="true" box="[1015,1075,1575,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="562">Head:</emphasis>
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Deflexed towards ventral surface, covered by pronotum in dorsal view. Frontoclypeal sulcus partly visible. Head with 2 pairs of short supraorbital styli close to inner margin of each eye. Antennae completely covered by head and pronotum in dorsal view, partially visible in ventral view. Mouthparts visible in ventral view, maxillary palpi long, projecting close to median part of mesotarsi.
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FE06CD9DFDB6F9F0" bold="true" box="[452,533,1522,1543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">Thorax:</emphasis>
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Pro-, meso-, and metathoracic legs visible in ventral view, metathoracic legs partially covered by wingpads, only tibiae and tarsi visible; metathoracic leg strongly bent ventrally. Pronotum with 12 pairs of styli: 5 pairs of styli on anterolateral to anterior margin of pronotum, median 2 pairs long, remaining pairs rather short; 1 rather short pair on anterolateral part; 1 long pair on median part; 5 pairs of rather long styli on posterolateral to posterior margin of pronotum. Meso- and metanota with 1 pair of styli on each side of scutellum.
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FC3BCE62FBC2F9D5" bold="true" box="[1017,1121,1549,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">Abdomen:</emphasis>
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Ninesegmented, attenuate towards apex. Segment 9 with well-developed, non-articulated urogomphi; surface of urogomphi finely denticulate; apex of urogomphi simple, not bifurcate. Abdominal segment 1 with 2 pairs of rather short styli, 1 on median part, 1 on lateral part close to spiracle; segments 2–7 with a transverse row of 4 pairs of rather short styli, 2 pairs on median part, 2 pairs on lateral face, 1 close and posterior to spiracle, 1 on ventral face close to spiracle; segment 8 with 1 pair of short styli.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF40665587550D22FF07CD3CFBB0FA89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="563" startId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" targetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8B8036DD87550D22FF07CD3CFB09FA91" blockId="2.[173,1194,1363,1406]" box="[197,1194,1363,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FF07CD3CFF5EFA91" bold="true" box="[197,253,1363,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87550D22FED0CD3CFD83FA92" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[274,544,1363,1382]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="563" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Methydrus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FED0CD3CFEC2FA91" box="[274,353,1363,1382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">Enochrus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FEAFCD3CFE67FA91" box="[365,452,1363,1382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">Methydrus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FE13CD3CFD83FA92" box="[465,544,1363,1381]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A–E) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87550D22FD41CD3CFC11FA91" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[643,946,1363,1382]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="563" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulans" subGenus="Holcophilydrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FD41CD3CFD71FA91" box="[643,722,1363,1382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FD1CCD3CFCFFFA91" box="[734,860,1363,1382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">Holcophilydrus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87550D22FCABCD3CFC11FA91" box="[873,946,1363,1382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">simulans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F), under rearing conditions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036DD87550D22FF6FCD04FBB0FA89" blockId="2.[173,1194,1363,1406]" box="[173,1043,1387,1406]" pageId="2" pageNumber="563">A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case.</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF40665587540D23FF6DCC7FFBB0FBD4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407502" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5407502" box="[175,1043,1039,1059]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407502/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" startId="3.[175,206,1040,1059]" targetBox="[167,1159,194,1007]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036DD87540D23FF6DCC7FFBB0FBD4" blockId="3.[175,1043,1039,1059]" box="[175,1043,1039,1059]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FF6DCC7FFF4BFBD4" bold="true" box="[175,232,1040,1059]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FF3FCC60FE05FBD5" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[253,422,1039,1058]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FF3FCC60FE05FBD5" box="[253,422,1039,1058]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa. A) Dorsal view, B) Lateral view, C) Ventral view, D) Pronotum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325655687540D24FF6DCCA1FEF4FEAB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036DD87540D23FF6DCCA1FB87FB59" blockId="3.[151,638,1124,1730]" lastBlockId="3.[685,1172,1123,1730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FF6DCCA1FE3FFB14" bold="true" box="[175,412,1230,1251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Biology and Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The egg-case morphology and construction by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FE56CC86FDACFB09" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[404,527,1257,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FE56CC86FDACFB09" box="[404,527,1257,1278]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">E. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unusual compared to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FE95CD6CFDA4FAEF" box="[343,519,1283,1305]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FE95CD6CFE11FAEE" box="[343,434,1283,1305]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FF55CD71FEB0FAC4" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[151,275,1310,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FF55CD71FEB0FAC4" box="[151,275,1310,1331]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">E. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
laid a case on the typical substrate (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FF5DCD56FF1FFAB9" box="[159,188,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">e.g</emphasis>
|
||
., leaves) used by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FEAFCD57FE6BFAB9" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1859" box="[365,456,1336,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FEAFCD57FE6BFAB9" box="[365,456,1336,1358]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however the case was covered with a loose net of silk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A5887540D23FDD6CD3CFDD4FA9F" box="[532,631,1362,1384]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig.1A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) rather than a dense fabric seen in other species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A5887540D23FF5DCDE7FF43FA6A" box="[159,224,1416,1437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig.1F</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FF39CDE7FEB4FA6A" box="[251,279,1416,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">e.g</emphasis>
|
||
.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FEEDCDE7FE73FA6A" author="Richmond & Studies on the biology of the aquatic Hydrophilidae & Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" box="[303,464,1416,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref2286" refString="Richmond, E. A. 1920. Studies on the biology of the aquatic Hydrophilidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 42: 1 - 94, plates 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1920">Richmond 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FE1DCDE7FDDAFA6A" author="Anderson" box="[479,633,1416,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="219 - 228" refId="ref1777" refString="Anderson, J. M. E. 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 15: 219 - 228." type="journal article" year="1976">Anderson 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FF55CDCCFEF9FA4F" author="Archangelsky" box="[151,346,1443,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="1 - 207" refId="ref1821" refString="Archangelsky, M. 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, New Series 12: 1 - 207." type="book chapter" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FEA8CDCCFE3EFA4F" author="Archangelsky" box="[362,413,1443,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="41 - 52" refId="ref1905" refString="Archangelsky, M. 2002. Immature stages of Neotropical Enochrus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): E. (Methydrus) lampros Knisch, 1924 and E. (Hugoscottia) tremolerasi Knisch, 1922. Aquatic Insects 24 (1): 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Byttebier and Torres 2009). In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FE95CDD3FEAFFA1A" authority="(Say, 1824)" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctus" subGenus="Methydrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FE95CDD3FE11FA25" box="[343,434,1468,1490]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FE06CDD3FD8AFA25" box="[452,553,1468,1490]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Methydrus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FDF8CDD2FDDEFA25" box="[570,637,1469,1490]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">cinctus</emphasis>
|
||
(Say, 1824)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lays eggs on the soil, and the eggs are covered with only a single layer that is a loose net of silk (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FECBCE62FE0AF9D5" author="Richmond & Studies on the biology of the aquatic Hydrophilidae & Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" box="[265,425,1549,1570]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref2286" refString="Richmond, E. A. 1920. Studies on the biology of the aquatic Hydrophilidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 42: 1 - 94, plates 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1920">Richmond 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FE76CE62FDD0F9D5" author="Archangelsky" box="[436,627,1549,1570]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="1 - 207" refId="ref1821" refString="Archangelsky, M. 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, New Series 12: 1 - 207." type="book chapter" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Under rearing conditions, egg-cases of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FDCACE47FDDEF9CA" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[520,637,1576,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FDCACE47FDDEF9CA" box="[520,637,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">E. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were set above or just at the water surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A5887540D23FF5DCE32FF5CF985" box="[159,255,1628,1650]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig.1C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, because all rearing chambers were filled at a level of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FE4BCE18FE3CF97B" box="[393,415,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B3887540D23FE6CCE18FE40F97B" box="[430,483,1655,1676]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
, preferences for ovipositional sites could not be determined. Other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FF55CEC3FEE1F936" box="[151,322,1708,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FF55CEC3FF52F935" box="[151,241,1708,1730]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including other species of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FCCECC0CFC78FB8E" authority="Rey, 1885" authorityName="Rey" authorityYear="1885" box="[780,987,1123,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Methydrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FCCECC0CFCCDFB8E" box="[780,878,1123,1145]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Methydrus</emphasis>
|
||
Rey, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, generally lay eggcases below or just at the water surface (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FBD1CC10FD7EFB59" author="Archangelsky" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="1 - 207" refId="ref1821" refString="Archangelsky, M. 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, New Series 12: 1 - 207." type="book chapter" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FD24CCF6FCB4FB59" author="Archangelsky" box="[742,791,1177,1198]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="41 - 52" refId="ref1905" refString="Archangelsky, M. 2002. Immature stages of Neotropical Enochrus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): E. (Methydrus) lampros Knisch, 1924 and E. (Hugoscottia) tremolerasi Knisch, 1922. Aquatic Insects 24 (1): 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Byttebier and Torres 2009).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036DD87540D23FD07CCDBFC40FAEF" blockId="3.[685,1172,1123,1730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
|
||
During the construction of the egg-case, the silk layer was woven with the use of the gonocoxites and gonostyli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A5887540D23FCFECC86FC21FB09" box="[828,898,1257,1278]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig.1D</figureCitation>
|
||
); the silk was spun from the apex of the gonostylus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A5887540D23FC53CD6CFC74FAEF" box="[913,983,1283,1304]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-161@2.[173,1193,193,1340]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (A–E) and Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (F), under rearing conditions. A–B) Egg-case, C–D) Egg-case construction by female, E) Live pupa in pupal chamber, F) Egg-case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5407500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5407500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig.1D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036DD87540D24FD07CD71FEF4FEAB" blockId="3.[685,1172,1123,1730]" lastBlockId="4.[173,659,194,348]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
|
||
Pupation took place in pupal chambers dug in the soil, like all other species (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FC1CCD56FC58FAB9" box="[990,1019,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">e.g</emphasis>
|
||
.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FBD2CD57FD43FA9F" author="Archangelsky" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="1 - 207" refId="ref1821" refString="Archangelsky, M. 1997. Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, New Series 12: 1 - 207." type="book chapter" year="1997">Archangelsky 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The pupal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FC3DCD3CFBDAFA9F" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1023,1145,1363,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FC3DCD3CFBAEFA9F" box="[1023,1037,1363,1384]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FBDFCD3CFBDAFA9F" box="[1053,1145,1363,1384]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to other species of the genus with the only notable difference being the number of styli on the pronotum and abdominal segments, which are known to differ among species (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FC26CDD2FC5CFA25" box="[996,1023,1469,1490]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">e.g</emphasis>
|
||
., Byttebier and Torres 2009). For example, number of styli in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FD6FCD9CFC8AF9FF" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[685,809,1523,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FD6FCD9CFC8AF9FF" box="[685,809,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">E. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is identical with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FBF8CD9DFB89F9D5" authority="(Steinheil, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Steinheil" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris" subGenus="Methydrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FBF8CD9DFB37F9FF" box="[1082,1172,1522,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FD77CE63FCBBF9D5" box="[693,792,1548,1570]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Methydrus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FCEECE63FCDBF9D5" box="[812,888,1548,1570]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
(Steinheil, 1869)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FBF8CE63FBFCF9CB" authority="(Melsheimer, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Melsheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fimbriatus" subGenus="Methydrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FBF8CE63FB37F9D5" box="[1082,1172,1548,1570]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FD77CE48FCBBF9CA" box="[693,792,1575,1597]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Methydrus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FCECCE48FC2EF9CA" box="[814,909,1575,1597]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Melsheimer, 1844)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FD6FCE2EFB37F9A0" authority="(MacLeay, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="MacLeay" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[685,1172,1601,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculiceps" subGenus="Methydrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FD6FCE2EFCA6F9A0" box="[685,773,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FCD6CE2EFCD6F9A0" box="[788,885,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Methydrus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FC47CE2EFC48F9A0" box="[901,1003,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">maculiceps</emphasis>
|
||
(MacLeay, 1871)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FD76CE32FCF4F985" author="Richmond & Studies on the biology of the aquatic Hydrophilidae & Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" box="[692,855,1629,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref2286" refString="Richmond, E. A. 1920. Studies on the biology of the aquatic Hydrophilidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 42: 1 - 94, plates 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1920">Richmond 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FCA4CE32FBA3F985" author="Anderson" box="[870,1024,1629,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="219 - 228" refId="ref1777" refString="Anderson, J. M. E. 1976. Aquatic Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). The biology of some Australian species with descriptions of immature stages reared in the laboratory. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 15: 219 - 228." type="journal article" year="1976">Anderson 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87540D23FBD2CE32FD43F97B" author="Archangelsky" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref1865" refString="Archangelsky, M. 1999. Immature stages of Paracymus rufocinctus Bruch, 1915 and Enochrus (Methydrus) vulgaris (Steinheil, 1869) (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae). Elytron 13: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1999">Archangelsky 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whereas the number differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D23FD6FCEFEFD45F936" authority="(Steinheil, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Steinheil" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus" subGenus="Hugoscottia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FD6FCEFEFCA9F950" box="[685,778,1681,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FCE7CEFDFC3FF950" box="[805,924,1682,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Hugoscottia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FC74CEFDFBBFF950" box="[950,1052,1682,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Steinheil, 1869)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87540D24FCECCEC3FEF7FF20" authority="Fernandez, 2006" authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="565" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barituensis" subGenus="Methydrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FCECCEC3FC28F935" box="[814,907,1708,1730]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Enochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FC64CEC3FBAEF935" box="[934,1037,1708,1730]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Methydrus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87540D23FBEACEC3FB37F935" box="[1064,1172,1708,1730]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">barituensis</emphasis>
|
||
Fernández, 2006
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have six on abdominal segment 1 (four in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87530D24FEBAC8B2FE57FF05" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[376,500,221,242]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87530D24FEBAC8B2FE57FF05" box="[376,500,221,242]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87530D24FDCCC8B2FF43FEFB" author="Archangelsky" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" pagination="41 - 52" refId="ref1905" refString="Archangelsky, M. 2002. Immature stages of Neotropical Enochrus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): E. (Methydrus) lampros Knisch, 1924 and E. (Hugoscottia) tremolerasi Knisch, 1922. Aquatic Insects 24 (1): 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2002">Archangelsky 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Byttebier and Torres 2009), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87530D24FD81C899FDE8FED0" authority="(Herbst, 1797)" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1797" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Eochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadripunctatus" subGenus="Lumetus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87530D24FD81C899FD31FEFB" box="[579,658,246,268]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Eochrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87530D24FF76C97DFEA7FED0" box="[180,260,274,295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Lumetus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87530D24FED4C97EFE11FED0" box="[278,434,273,295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">quadripunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Herbst, 1797)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has 22 on the pronotum (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B3887530D24FE06C943FE5EFEB6" box="[452,509,300,321]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" unit="in" value="24.0">24 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D5E87530D24FDCEC943FD28FEB6" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[524,651,300,321]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEACF87530D24FDCEC943FD28FEB6" box="[524,651,300,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B2C87530D24FF71C928FEEFFEAB" author="Hosseinie" box="[179,332,327,348]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" pagination="195 - 206" refId="ref2143" refString="Hosseinie, S. O. 1995. Life history, behavior and morphology of the immature stages of Enochrus quadripunctatus Herbst in the laboratory (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) II - morphology. Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran 6 (4): 195 - 206." type="journal article" year="1995">Hosseinie 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |