379 lines
66 KiB
XML
379 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="D5B6E2212177A149295B5FEEEDFB1D72" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3674.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9c8e7b58-7cc0-407f-a8e9-d76311dcd290" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="283954" ID-ZooBank="981F80ED-96D7-40C7-8A3C-677954416A2E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460635409297" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dupérré, Nadine" docDate="2013" docId="038D6700FF1756BA118C068CAC57B09A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03674p189.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3674 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tennesseellum Petrunkevitch 1925" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="174" masterDocId="FFB41F78FFBC5617111B061BAE0BB136" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the spider genera Agyneta and Tennesseellum (Araneae, Linyphiidae) of North America north of Mexico with a study of the embolic division within Micronetinae sensu Saaristo & Tanasevitch 1996" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="172" updateTime="1698335287136" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="912FBD461F8CBEF2A2CAF499E0F99984" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="59F4F7C5E8002D19A0BA2CF5FB290430">
|
||
<mods:title id="E63DFCC84135CE968B04A7135A0CDD0C">Taxonomic revision of the spider genera Agyneta and Tennesseellum (Araneae, Linyphiidae) of North America north of Mexico with a study of the embolic division within Micronetinae sensu Saaristo & Tanasevitch 1996</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="6A0FCFCB08A8C19B5B8FFEBB04BF1C43" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BA992ABFE497A6210F2B28AE6B5AA46C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6B32C6DB91247B3D88BA94D66F7DEBEB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9A96EBB9B21A16312CD11A1F07C6ECE7">Dupérré, Nadine</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="A02B808A4DB9F06F495492EB3F42890D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="2A82C379783ECBDF91C43D53A92134A2" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A9517B8343067712963766A66038EAAE">
|
||
<mods:title id="0E99F166B57DCD44203BA5D551152240">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="0BC13C6E7143E84DCE12ECC4DCBABB02">
|
||
<mods:date id="F0C87834A6265CE11A1304AFD93F9DAF">2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="3CE948A325F343C639169E1594EC1B27" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="C145A9D5BB28C4E4E02EF8D9C78BEB15">3674</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="EF706997610FD3410F364D8D4D0A0987" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="8EFED0AD9ED6CB6172D38D211BB098DA">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="9E68F219129EAF9ECDFCC05027655BD5" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="94DCCF0D2C9CD05C20344CA0CAF051E2">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="93DDFE4635C6C840EAF1A8C6DF187DB8">189</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="58CFCDED00A7D6C40DF896B1DF06E4E4">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E7B1E74D0E4FCDD52F94CDB35870650F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3674.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F9C253EF8483F94F8AEA1B666D4711E3" type="GBIF-Dataset">9c8e7b58-7cc0-407f-a8e9-d76311dcd290</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="33CE63EF0D98A1864BEF66545C0A6CE7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="09505DA09DAA0C3655A9A987DAF7EED1" type="Zenodo-Dep">283954</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FAB10EC5240829826CBCF47B91A30806" type="ZooBank">981F80ED-96D7-40C7-8A3C-677954416A2E</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="038D6700FF1756BA118C068CAC57B09A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6162488" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119570684" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6162488" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D6700FF1756BA118C068CAC57B09A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D6700FF1756BA118C068CAC57B09A" lastPageId="173" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E859DFF1756BC118C068CAC4FB187" box="[151,580,151,177]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC118C068CAC4FB187" blockId="171.[151,1436,151,239]" box="[151,580,151,177]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<heading id="D0D3617AFF1756BC118C068CAC4FB187" bold="true" box="[151,580,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC118C068CAC4FB187" ID-CoL="7TT9" ID-ENA="1108705" authority="Petrunkevitch 1925" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,580,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC118C068CAC4FB187" bold="true" box="[151,580,151,177]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC118C068CAF42B187" bold="true" box="[151,329,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Tennesseellum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC104B068CAC4FB187" author="Petrunkevitch" box="[336,580,151,177]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Petrunkevitch, A. (1925) New Erigoninae from Tennessee. Journal of the New York entomological Society, 33, 170 - 176." type="journal article" year="1925">Petrunkevitch 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E859DFF1756BC118C06A1AF55B1D9" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC118C06A1AF55B1D9" blockId="171.[151,1436,151,239]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB34F138FF1756BC118C06A1AF55B1D9" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC118C06A1AC24B1E6" ID-CoL="7TT9" authority="Petrunkevitch 1925: 173" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityPageNumber="173" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,559,186,208]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC118C06A1AF21B1E6" box="[151,298,186,208]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Tennesseellum</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A85F007FF1756BC102A06A1AC24B1E6" author="Petrunkevitch" box="[305,559,186,208]" page="173" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" year="1925">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC102A06A1AFF0B1E6" author="Petrunkevitch" box="[305,507,186,208]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Petrunkevitch, A. (1925) New Erigoninae from Tennessee. Journal of the New York entomological Society, 33, 170 - 176." type="journal article" year="1925">Petrunkevitch 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 173
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F68B4FF1756BC132106A0AC67B1E6" box="[570,620,187,208]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC13DF06A1AA95B1E6" authority="Petrunkevitch 1925" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1925" box="[708,1182,186,208]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC13DF06A1ADB4B1E6" box="[708,959,186,208]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Tennesseellum formicum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC12D606A1AA9CB1E6" author="Petrunkevitch" box="[973,1175,186,208]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Petrunkevitch, A. (1925) New Erigoninae from Tennessee. Journal of the New York entomological Society, 33, 170 - 176." type="journal article" year="1925">Petrunkevitch 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC15A706A1AF51B1D9" authority="Emerton 1882" authorityName="Emerton" authorityYear="1882" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bathyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC15A706A1AB97B1E6" box="[1212,1436,186,208]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Bathyphantes formica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC11DC06C1AF51B1D9" author="Emerton" box="[199,346,218,239]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Emerton, J. H. (1882) New England spiders of the family Theridiidae. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 6, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1882">Emerton 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E859DFF1756BC118C0700AB1CB061" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC118C0700AB1CB061" blockId="171.[151,1437,283,2037]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC118C0700AF18B002" bold="true" box="[151,275,283,308]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Members of this genus resemble species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC120E0707AD7AB002" box="[789,881,284,308]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Agyneta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC120E0707AD7AB002" box="[789,881,284,308]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Agyneta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC12B70707AA17B002" box="[940,1052,284,308]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Anibontes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC12B70707AA17B002" box="[940,1052,284,308]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Anibontes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differ from the latter and all other North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC108E0724AC17B061" box="[405,540,319,343]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Linyphiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the position of the spiracle, distant from the spinnerets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC15AD0724AB01B061" box="[1206,1290,319,343]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,817,840]" captionTargetBox="[188,1392,193,783]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[188,1398,193,795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 33. Tracheal system, dorsal view. 31. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871). 32. Anibontes mimus Chamberlin 1924. 33. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283959/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E859DFF1756BC11DC0778AF85B751" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC11DC0778AF41B532" blockId="171.[151,1437,283,2037]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC11DC0778AFADB04A" bold="true" box="[199,422,355,380]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Description:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3339686FF1756BC10790778AF96B04A" box="[354,413,355,380]" name="Malta" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC10790778AF96B04A" bold="true" box="[354,413,355,380]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Total length: 1.5–1.6. Carapace: flat, elongate-oval, strongly granulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC15CE077FAB23B04A" box="[1237,1320,356,380]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1893,1916]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,182,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[212,1375,175,1876]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871), palp retrolateral view. 10. A. decora, palp prolateral view. 11. A. decora, female spinnerets anterior view. 12 a. A. decora, female anterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 12 b. A. decora, female posterior median spinneret, anterior view. 12 c. A. decora, female posterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 13. Agyneta rurestris (C. L. Koch 1836), palp retrolateral view. 14. A. rurestris, palp prolateral view. 15. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), male carapace anterior view. 16. T. formicum, male carapace dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283956/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
), suffused with dark gray along margin and radiating lines, fovea well marked. Clypeus: height 2–3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC15A2079CAB04B0A9" box="[1209,1295,391,415]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1893,1916]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,182,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[212,1375,175,1876]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871), palp retrolateral view. 10. A. decora, palp prolateral view. 11. A. decora, female spinnerets anterior view. 12 a. A. decora, female anterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 12 b. A. decora, female posterior median spinneret, anterior view. 12 c. A. decora, female posterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 13. Agyneta rurestris (C. L. Koch 1836), palp retrolateral view. 14. A. rurestris, palp prolateral view. 15. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), male carapace anterior view. 16. T. formicum, male carapace dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283956/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
), straight in lateral view. Eyes: rounded, anterior median eye equal or smaller than other eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC157B07B7AABCB0F2" box="[1120,1207,428,452]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1893,1916]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,182,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[212,1375,175,1876]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871), palp retrolateral view. 10. A. decora, palp prolateral view. 11. A. decora, female spinnerets anterior view. 12 a. A. decora, female anterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 12 b. A. decora, female posterior median spinneret, anterior view. 12 c. A. decora, female posterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 13. Agyneta rurestris (C. L. Koch 1836), palp retrolateral view. 14. A. rurestris, palp prolateral view. 15. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), male carapace anterior view. 16. T. formicum, male carapace dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283956/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior eye row slightly procurved to straight in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC13BF07D4ACF1B0D1" box="[676,762,463,487]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1893,1916]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,182,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[212,1375,175,1876]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871), palp retrolateral view. 10. A. decora, palp prolateral view. 11. A. decora, female spinnerets anterior view. 12 a. A. decora, female anterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 12 b. A. decora, female posterior median spinneret, anterior view. 12 c. A. decora, female posterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 13. Agyneta rurestris (C. L. Koch 1836), palp retrolateral view. 14. A. rurestris, palp prolateral view. 15. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), male carapace anterior view. 16. T. formicum, male carapace dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283956/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sternum: smooth slightly longer than wide or as long as wide. Endites: as long as wide, serrula present; occasionally with seta-tipped tubercles. Labium: rebordered, fused to sternum. Chelicerae: longer than wide, excavated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC120F040CAD66B319" box="[788,877,535,559]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1893,1916]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,182,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[212,1375,175,1876]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. 9. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871), palp retrolateral view. 10. A. decora, palp prolateral view. 11. A. decora, female spinnerets anterior view. 12 a. A. decora, female anterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 12 b. A. decora, female posterior median spinneret, anterior view. 12 c. A. decora, female posterior lateral spinneret, anterior view. 13. Agyneta rurestris (C. L. Koch 1836), palp retrolateral view. 14. A. rurestris, palp prolateral view. 15. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), male carapace anterior view. 16. T. formicum, male carapace dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283956/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
); paturon sometimes with tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC143C040CAB84B319" box="[1319,1423,535,559]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 584</figureCitation>
|
||
); promargin and retromargin with denticles; cheliceral stridulatory organ present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC15040427AA7FB362" box="[1055,1140,572,596]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 24. 17" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,182,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[224,1369,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 24. 17. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), palp retrolateral view. 18. T. formicum, palp prolateral view. 19. T. formicum, female spinnerets anterior view. 20. T. formicum, male chelicerae lateral view. 21. Agyneta fabra (Keyserling 1886), male carapace anterior view. 22. Agyneta fillmorana (Chamberlin 1919), male carapace anterior view. 23. Agyneta parva (Banks 1896), male chelicerae anterior view. 24. Agyneta minorata (Chamberlin & Ivie 1944), male chelicerae anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283957/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdomen: cylindrical or oval, with or without pattern, sigilla sometimes present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC120F0444AD7CB341" box="[788,887,607,631]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 574</figureCitation>
|
||
). Colulus: triangular with setae. Legs: uniformly colored; leg formula 4123; prolateral spine on tibia I absent; femur I–III with paired ventral apical spines, single on femur IV; tibia I–IV with two small dorsal spines, Tm I: 0.29–0.31, Tm IV: absent. Respiratory system: demistracheate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC105404D7AFA9B3D2" box="[335,418,716,740]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,817,840]" captionTargetBox="[188,1392,193,783]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[188,1398,193,795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 33. Tracheal system, dorsal view. 31. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871). 32. Anibontes mimus Chamberlin 1924. 33. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283959/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
); with two wide median trachea, two smaller lateral trachea, wide and fused to the median trachea and one spiracle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC10A704F4AC1AB231" box="[444,529,751,775]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 33" captionStartId="14.[151,264,817,840]" captionTargetBox="[188,1392,193,783]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[188,1398,193,795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 33. Tracheal system, dorsal view. 31. Agyneta decora (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1871). 32. Anibontes mimus Chamberlin 1924. 33. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283959/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
). Genitalia:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3339686FF1756BC138404F4ACD2B231" box="[671,729,751,775]" name="Malta" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
palpal femur sometimes with large prongs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC15CE04F4AB3DB231" box="[1237,1334,751,775]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 570</figureCitation>
|
||
arrows); tibia with one retrolateral and one dorsal trichobothria (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC1214050FAD7DB21A" box="[783,886,788,812]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 570</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC1298050FADBAB21A" box="[899,945,788,812]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">580</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cymbium triangular; glabrous depression present with curved ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC10CA052CAC31B279" box="[465,570,823,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 570</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC1352052CAC7CB279" box="[585,631,823,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">580</figureCitation>
|
||
); dorsal and ventral cymbial tubercles absent; prolateral notch absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC11840547AF0DB242" box="[159,262,860,884]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 571</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC10080547AF4AB242" box="[275,321,860,884]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">581</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paracymbium with apical pocket and anterior pocket present, posterior pocket absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC142B0547AB93B242" box="[1328,1432,860,884]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 570</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC118C0564AECEB2A1" box="[151,197,895,919]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">580</figureCitation>
|
||
). Embolus sickle-shaped; ventral lamella absent; thumb short, reaching below the embolus proper (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC142B0564AB93B2A1" box="[1328,1432,895,919]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 572</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC118C05BFAECEB28A" box="[151,197,932,956]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">582</figureCitation>
|
||
). Embolus proper set apically; Fickert’s gland absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC125605BFADBCB28A" box="[845,951,932,956]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 572</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC12DC05BFADFEB28A" box="[967,1013,932,956]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">582</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior terminal apophysis large, striated with numerous, long protrusions; posterior terminal apophysis pointed; lamella characteristica variable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC118405F7AF0FB532" box="[159,260,1004,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 573</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC101405F7AF36B532" box="[271,317,1004,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">583</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC11DC0214AD87B729" blockId="171.[151,1437,283,2037]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC11DC0214AF2CB51E" bold="true" box="[199,295,1039,1064]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC11DC0214AF15B51E" bold="true" box="[199,286,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Female</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Total length: 1.6–2.4. Carapace: slightly elevated, oval, finely granulate; suffused with dark gray along margin and radiating lines; trident mark sometimes present; fovea not well marked. Clypeus: height 1–1.5, straight in lateral view. Eyes: rounded, all equal in size, posterior eye row slightly procurved to straight in dorsal view. Chelicerae: not excavated, promargin and retromargin with teeth; cheliceral stridulatory organ present. Sternum: as long as wide. Abdomen: oval, with or without pattern, sigilla sometimes present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC15B10284AB00B581" box="[1194,1291,1183,1207]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 575</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spinnerets: (studied for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC103A02DEAFADB5EA" box="[289,422,1220,1244]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC103A02DEAFADB5EA" box="[289,422,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only), ALS with one major ampullate spigot and at least five piriform spigots, PMS with one cylindrical, two aciniform and one minor ampullate spigot, PLS with two cylindrical, three to four aciniform spigots, two aggregate and one flagelliform spigot (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC13FE0317AD31B412" box="[741,826,1292,1316]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 24. 17" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,182,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[224,1369,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 24. 17. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), palp retrolateral view. 18. T. formicum, palp prolateral view. 19. T. formicum, female spinnerets anterior view. 20. T. formicum, male chelicerae lateral view. 21. Agyneta fabra (Keyserling 1886), male carapace anterior view. 22. Agyneta fillmorana (Chamberlin 1919), male carapace anterior view. 23. Agyneta parva (Banks 1896), male chelicerae anterior view. 24. Agyneta minorata (Chamberlin & Ivie 1944), male chelicerae anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283957/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Colulus: triangular with three setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC15E90317AB4CB412" box="[1266,1351,1292,1316]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 24. 17" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,182,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[224,1369,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 24. 17. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882), palp retrolateral view. 18. T. formicum, palp prolateral view. 19. T. formicum, female spinnerets anterior view. 20. T. formicum, male chelicerae lateral view. 21. Agyneta fabra (Keyserling 1886), male carapace anterior view. 22. Agyneta fillmorana (Chamberlin 1919), male carapace anterior view. 23. Agyneta parva (Banks 1896), male chelicerae anterior view. 24. Agyneta minorata (Chamberlin & Ivie 1944), male chelicerae anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283957/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs: uniformly colored; leg formula 4123; prolateral spine on tibia I absent; femur I–III with paired ventral apical spines, single on femur IV; tibia I–IV with two small dorsal spines, Tm I: 0.30–0.35, Tm IV: absent; palp normal or inflated; claw absent. Genitalia: Epigynum consisting of folded scape; proximal part of scape wide; median part of scape variable; lateral lobes short; stretcher small (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC13C50387AD4DB482" box="[734,838,1436,1460]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 576</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC12480387AD8AB482" box="[851,897,1436,1460]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">586</figureCitation>
|
||
). The genital pores position is variable, can be situated at the lateral lobes pockets or in the median part of scape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC126703A4ADEAB4E1" box="[892,993,1471,1495]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 579</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC12F703A4AA11B4E1" box="[1004,1050,1471,1495]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">587</figureCitation>
|
||
). The copulatory ducts are straight and runs from the genital pores to the receptacula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC13D003FFAD25B4CA" box="[715,814,1508,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 577</figureCitation>
|
||
). The internal genitalia is composed of two receptacula; the fertizilation ducts are short and directed inward (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC13FA001CAD4CB729" box="[737,839,1543,1567]" captionStart="FIGURES 570 – 579" captionStartId="172.[151,264,1833,1856]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@172.[151,1436,273,1808]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURES 570 – 579. Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton 1882). 570 – 574, Male. 575 – 579, Female. 570. Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur). 571. Palp, prolateral view. 572. Embolus, prolateral view. 573. Radical division, retrolateral view. 574. 575. Abdomen, dorsal view. 576. Epigynum, dorsal view. 577. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 578. Internal genitalia, dorsal view. 579. Internal genitalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Figs 578</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FCA93FF1756BC1249001CAD8BB729" box="[850,896,1543,1567]" captionStart="FIGURES 580 – 587" captionStartId="175.[151,264,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,313,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[151,1436,313,1789]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="FIGURES 580 – 587. Tennesseellum gollum n. sp. 580 – 584, Male. 585 – 587, Female. 580. Palp, retrolateral view. 581. Palp, prolateral view. 582. Embolus, prolateral view. 583. Radical division, retrolateral view. 584. Chelicerae, anterior view (arrow points to large seta-tipped tubercle). 585. Epigynum, dorsal view. 586. Internal genitalia, ventral view. 587. Internal genitalia, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284033/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">587</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC11DC0030AF85B751" blockId="171.[151,1437,283,2037]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC11DC0030AF62B772" bold="true" box="[199,361,1579,1604]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Composition:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC10680037AC1EB772" box="[371,533,1580,1604]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC10680037AC1EB772" box="[371,533,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Tennesseellum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
currently contains two described species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC15190036AB40B772" authority="Emerton 1882" authorityName="Emerton" authorityYear="1882" box="[1026,1355,1580,1604]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC15190036AA80B772" box="[1026,1163,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC15860037AB48B772" author="Emerton" box="[1181,1347,1580,1604]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Emerton, J. H. (1882) New England spiders of the family Theridiidae. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 6, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1882">Emerton 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC149C0036AF82B751" authority="Duperre 2013" authorityName="Duperre" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC149C0036AEEEB75E" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. gollum</emphasis>
|
||
Dupérré 2013
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E859DFF1756BA11DC0068AD0DB02A" lastPageId="173" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC11DC0068AA5EB7BA" blockId="171.[151,1437,283,2037]" box="[199,1109,1651,1676]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC11DC0068AF69B7BA" bold="true" box="[199,354,1651,1676]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Nearctic,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC10CD006EAC50B7BA" box="[470,603,1652,1676]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC10CD006EAC50B7BA" box="[470,603,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
probably introduced in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3339686FF1756BC1288006FAA5AB7BA" box="[915,1105,1652,1676]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1756BC11DC0083AB90B6C2" blockId="171.[151,1437,283,2037]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC11DC0083AF9CB786" bold="true" box="[199,407,1687,1712]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Natural History:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC10BD0082AC3EB786" box="[422,565,1688,1712]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC10BD0082AC3EB786" box="[422,565,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been found in a wide range of natural habitats, in Newfoundland
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC118C00A7AFE0B7E2" author="Pickavance" box="[151,491,1724,1748]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Pickavance, J. R. & Dondale, C. D. (2005) An annotated checklist of Spiders of Newfoundland. The Canadian Field-Naturalist, 119 (2), 254 - 275." type="journal article" year="2005">Pickavance & Dondale (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found specimens in mixed coniferous woods,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC12EF00A7AB3CB7E2" author="Crawford" box="[1012,1335,1724,1748]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Crawford, R. L. & Edwards, J. S. (1989) Alpine spiders and harvestmen of Mount Rainier, Washington, U. S. A.: Taxonomy and bionomics. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67, 430 - 446. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 89 - 064" type="journal article" year="1989">Crawford & Edwards (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the species above tree line on Mount St. Helens and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC13F500FBAD81B7C1" box="[750,906,1759,1783]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Muma, M. H. (1980) Comparison of ground-surface spider populations in Pinyon-Juniper and arid-grassland associations in southwestern New Mexico. Florida Entomologist, 63 (2), 211 - 222. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3494442" type="journal article">Muma (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported its presence in Pinyon-Juniper and in arid grassland in New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3339686FF1756BC108D011FAFE4B62A" box="[406,495,1796,1820]" name="Mexico" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Furthermore, the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC1253011EADC6B62A" box="[840,973,1796,1820]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC1253011EADC6B62A" box="[840,973,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported in several non-natural habitats. It is also found in agrosystem environments such as, soybean plantations, alfalfa fields, cabbage fields and citrus groves (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC10260157AC4AB652" author="Whitcomb" box="[317,577,1868,1892]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Whitcomb, W. H., Exline, H. & Ite, M. (1963) Comparison of spider populations of ground stratum in Arkansas pasture and adjacent cultivated field. Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, 17, 34 - 39." type="journal article" year="1963">
|
||
Whitcomb
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC10A40156AFF7B652" box="[447,508,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1963
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC13540156AD34B652" author="Mansour" box="[591,831,1868,1892]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Mansour, F., Ross, J. W., Edwards, G. B. & Whitcomb, W. H. (1982) Spiders of Florida citrus groves. Florida Entomologist, 65 (4), 514 - 522. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3494687" type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Mansour
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC13A50156ACF1B652" box="[702,762,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC12550157AA66B652" author="Bishop" box="[846,1133,1868,1892]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Bishop, L. & Riechert, S. E. (1990) Spider colonization of agrecosystem: mode and source. Environmental Entomology, 19, 1738 - 1745." type="journal article" year="1990">Bishop & Reichert 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC15670156AB93B652" author="Young" box="[1148,1432,1868,1893]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Young, O. P. & Edwards, G. B. (1990) Spiders in United Stated field crops and their potential effect on crop pests. Journal of Arachnology, 18, 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1990">Young & Edwards 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC118C0174AFD0B6B1" author="Schmaedick" box="[151,475,1903,1927]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Schmaedick, M. A. & Shelton, A. M. (2000) Arthropod predators in cabbage (Cruciferae) and their potential as naturally occurring biological control agents for Pieris rapae (Lepidotera: Pieridae). The Canadian Entomologist, 12, 655 - 675. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 132655 - 5" type="journal article" year="2000">Schmaedick & Shelton 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Apparently
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC1369016AACFEB6BE" box="[626,757,1904,1928]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC1369016AACFEB6BE" box="[626,757,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is able to survive in natural and non-natural habitats. In fact,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1756BC118C018FAF71B69A" box="[151,378,1940,1964]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refString="Kelton, D. W., Philip, R. C. & Harwood, J. D. (2011) Phenological dynamics of web-building spider populations in alfalfa: implications for biological control. Journal of Arachnology, 39, 244 - 249. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1636 / CP 10 - 83.1" type="journal article">
|
||
Kelton
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC11F7018EAF15B69A" box="[236,286,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in their study of phenological dynamics in alfalfa ecosystems, showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1756BC15FE018EAB65B69A" box="[1253,1390,1940,1964]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC15FE018EAB65B69A" box="[1253,1390,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
life cycles matches the phenology of an alfafa ecosystem and that the spider population can survive agronomic disturbance at the egg stage. This capability to colonise and subsist in different
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F68B4FF1756BC154E01C6AA9BB6C3" box="[1109,1168,2013,2037]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of habitats enabled
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1756BC149C01C6AB90B6C2" box="[1415,1435,2013,2036]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1056BB118C0683AB97B1E2" blockId="172.[151,1436,151,212]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1056BB118C0683AF09B186" box="[151,258,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB118C0683AF09B186" box="[151,258,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to establish itself almost all over North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3339686FF1056BB13F1068CAD45B199" box="[746,846,151,175]" name="United States of America" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This association of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1056BB155C0682AADBB186" box="[1095,1232,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB155C0682AADBB186" box="[1095,1232,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with agrosystem environments is well established, so much so that it has been qualified as an agrobiont species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1056BB15A706A7AB9AB1E2" author="Bolduc" box="[1212,1425,188,212]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refString="Bolduc, E., Buddle, C., Bostonian, N. J. & Vincent, C. (2005). Ground dwelling spider fauna (Araneae) of two vineyards in Southern Quebec. Environmental Entomology, 33 (3), 635 - 645. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / 0046 - 225 X- 34.3.635" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Bolduc
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB140E06A6AB46B1E2" box="[1301,1357,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5B869EFF1056BB118C0132AD30B6AD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284032/files/figure.png" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[162,1431,273,1793]" targetPageId="172">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1056BB118C0132AD30B6AD" blockId="172.[151,1436,1833,1947]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB118C0132AF66B608" bold="true" box="[151,365,1833,1856]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">FIGURES 570–579.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1056BB106F0132AD1DB609" authority="Emerton 1882" authorityName="Emerton" authorityYear="1882" box="[372,790,1833,1855]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB106F0132AC0CB609" box="[372,519,1833,1855]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Tennesseellum</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB13160132AC65B609" box="[525,622,1833,1855]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">formicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Emerton 1882)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 570–574, Male. 575–579, Female.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB15930132AABFB608" bold="true" box="[1160,1204,1833,1854]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">570.</emphasis>
|
||
Palp, retrolateral view (arrows points to prongs of the palpal femur).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB13770153AC93B66B" bold="true" box="[620,664,1864,1885]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">571.</emphasis>
|
||
Palp, prolateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB12650153ADA0B66B" bold="true" box="[894,939,1864,1885]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">572.</emphasis>
|
||
Embolus, prolateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB15A60153AAE1B66B" bold="true" box="[1213,1258,1864,1885]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">573.</emphasis>
|
||
Radical division, retrolateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB104B017CAFB9B64A" bold="true" box="[336,434,1895,1916]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">574. 575.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdomen, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB13AE017CACE9B64A" bold="true" box="[693,738,1895,1916]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">576.</emphasis>
|
||
Epigynum, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB12F7017CAA13B64A" bold="true" box="[1004,1048,1895,1916]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">577.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal genitalia, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB146B017CAB97B64A" bold="true" box="[1392,1436,1895,1916]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">578.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal genitalia, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1056BB10CA019EAFF5B6AC" bold="true" box="[465,510,1925,1946]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">579.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal genitalia, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1156BA11D5068CAD0DB02A" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1156BA11D5068CAFCFB199" box="[206,452,151,176]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refString="Bolduc, E., Buddle, C., Bostonian, N. J. & Vincent, C. (2005). Ground dwelling spider fauna (Araneae) of two vineyards in Southern Quebec. Environmental Entomology, 33 (3), 635 - 645. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / 0046 - 225 X- 34.3.635" type="journal article">
|
||
Bolduc
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA103C0682AF6BB186" box="[295,352,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
’s (2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
study of ground dwellling spiders in two vineyards established that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA15DC0682AB47B186" box="[1223,1356,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA15DC0682AB47B186" box="[1223,1356,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows phenotypic variations and has a multivoltine life cycle.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA120306A6ADAAB1E2" box="[792,929,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA120306A6ADAAB1E2" box="[792,929,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also been collected while ballooning in eastern Texas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1156BA105F06C4AC41B1C1" author="Dean" box="[324,586,223,247]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refString="Dean, A. D. & Sterling, W. L. (1990) Seaonal patterns of spiders captures in suction traps in eastern Texas. Southwestern Entomologist, 15 (4), 399 - 412." type="journal article" year="1990">Dean & Sterling 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In their study, males where evenly distributed from May to September, while females were collected in August and September.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E859DFF1156BA11DC073CAC57B09A" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BD616FF1156BA11DC073CAC57B09A" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
Some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA10090733AFA1B076" ID-CoL="HYM" box="[274,426,296,320]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA130D0733AD0DB076" ID-CoL="43ND5" box="[534,774,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Miscophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kansensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA130D0733AD0DB076" box="[534,774,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Miscophus kansensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA12030733AA66B076" ID-CoL="7L6WG" box="[792,1133,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Trypoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="frigidum" subSpecies="frigidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA12030733AA66B076" box="[792,1133,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Trypoxylon frigidum frigidum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA15B60732AB12B076" ID-CoL="7X5CC" box="[1197,1305,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Trypoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kolazyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA15B60732AB12B076" box="[1197,1305,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">T. kolazyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been reported to prey upon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA10840756AD4FB052" authority="Krombein et al. 1979" authorityName="Krombein et al." authorityYear="1979" box="[415,836,332,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA10840756AC23B052" box="[415,552,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1156BA13270757AD37B052" author="Krombein" box="[572,828,332,356]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refString="Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D, Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (1979) Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico, vol. 2, Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., 2209 pp." type="book" year="1979">Krombein et al. 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5ABE7FF1156BA12480756AA5BB052" box="[851,1104,332,356]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refString="Peterson, J. A., Romero, S. A. & Harwood, J. D. (2010) Pollen interception by linyphiid spiders in corn agrosystem: implications for dietary diversification and risk-assessment. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 4 (4), 207 - 217. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11829 - 010 - 9106 - 3" type="journal article">
|
||
Peterson
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA12A40756ADF0B052" box="[959,1019,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24AD95FF1156BA15EB0756AB70B052" box="[1264,1403,332,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tennesseellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9500A04FF1156BA15EB0756AB70B052" box="[1264,1403,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">T. formicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in laboratory can feed on pollen grains dusted on their webs, another interesting adaptation that could explain its success in colonizing differents habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |