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<document id="EE2166BBD46EBE08820D9C9D5801065C" ID-CLB-Dataset="30246" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c099b7cc-9634-4455-b59e-d5a597998ee7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1221580" ID-ZooBank="7A46BD51-20A9-4FDA-81FB-D771BA9011FC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1524196250478" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2018" docId="038A4612FF86FFCABEDEFA125026F838" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4410.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4410 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polycarpa insulsa" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="306" masterDocId="FFB33E6AFF88FFC5BE49FFA3527EFFA4" masterDocTitle="Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 2. Stolidobranchia, Styelidae" masterLastPageNumber="318" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="305" updateTime="1698538334165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="179091B11037CF3B6928E765129F0A09">Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 2. Stolidobranchia, Styelidae</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="429F5A40CEFFD5C80AF8621B45C5E485">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038A4612FF86FFCABEDEFA125026F838" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6494788" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143618749" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6494788" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A4612FF86FFCABEDEFA125026F838" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A4612FF86FFCABEDEFA125026F838" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<subSubSection id="C339A48FFF86FFCBBEDEFA12536BFA49" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF86FFCBBEDEFA12505AFA68" blockId="14.[151,548,1457,1517]" box="[151,548,1457,1484]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<heading id="D0D44068FF86FFCBBEDEFA12505AFA68" bold="true" box="[151,548,1457,1484]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF86FFCBBEDEFA12505AFA68" ID-CoL="6VSR7" authority="(Sluiter, 1898)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[151,548,1457,1484]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulsa">
<emphasis id="B9572B16FF86FFCBBEDEFA12505AFA68" bold="true" box="[151,548,1457,1484]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B9572B16FF86FFCBBEDEFA125310FA6F" bold="true" box="[151,366,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Polycarpa insulsa</emphasis>
(Sluiter, 1898)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF86FFCBBEDEFA77536BFA49" blockId="14.[151,548,1457,1517]" box="[151,277,1492,1517]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF86FFCBBEDEFA77536BFA49" box="[151,277,1492,1517]" captionStart-0="FIGURE13" captionStart-1="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1281,1303]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,194,1538]" captionTargetBox-1="[181,1436,195,1260]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1558]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[151,1436,195,1260]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURE13. Polycarpainsulsa stained.A, tentacles anddorsal tubercle;B atrial tentacles; C, bodyventrally opened,scalebar = 1cm." captionText-1="FIGURE 14. Polycarpa insulsa, branchial sac stained, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1221606/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1221608/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Figs 1314</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339A48FFF86FFCBBEDEF9BF504CF996" box="[151,562,1564,1586]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF86FFCBBEDEF9BF504CF996" blockId="14.[151,1436,1564,1709]" box="[151,562,1564,1586]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF86FFCBBEDEF9BF504CF996" authority="Van Name, 1921" authorityName="Van Name" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,562,1564,1586]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="circumarata">
<emphasis id="B9572B16FF86FFCBBEDEF9BF53FDF996" box="[151,387,1564,1586]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Polycarpa circumarata</emphasis>
Van Name, 1921
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339A48FFF86FFCBBEDEF9985124F909" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF86FFCBBEDEF9985381F92A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1564,1709]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF86FFCBBEDEF998505FF9F5" ID-CoL="6VSR7" authority=": Van der Sloot 1969" authorityName=": Van der Sloot" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,545,1595,1617]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulsa">
<emphasis id="B9572B16FF86FFCBBEDEF9985331F9F5" box="[151,335,1595,1617]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Polycarpa insulsa</emphasis>
: Van der Sloot 1969
</taxonomicName>
and synonymy;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB28AF5FF86FFCBBC83F998513BF9F5" box="[714,837,1595,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" refId="ref8468" refString="Millar, R. (1978) Ascidians from the Guyana shelf. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 12, 99 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0077 - 7579 (78) 90027 - 3" type="journal article">Millar 1978</bibRefCitation>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBD19F99851DCF9F5" box="[848,930,1595,1617]" name="Guyana" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Guyana</collectingCountry>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB28AF5FF86FFCBBDE5F9985623F9F5" box="[940,1117,1595,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" refId="ref8789" refString="Monniot, C. &amp; Monniot, F. (1987) Les ascidies de Polynesie Francaise. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, A, Zoology, 136, 1 - 156." type="journal article">Monniot C. 1987</bibRefCitation>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBA21F99F5776F9F5" box="[1128,1288,1595,1617]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB28AF5FF86FFCBBB5AF9985282F9CB" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" refId="ref8913" refString="Monniot, C., Monniot, F., Griffiths, C. L. &amp; Schleyer, M. (2001) South African Ascidians. Annals of the South African Museum, 108 (1), 1 - 141." type="journal article">Monniot et al 2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBF42F9FA53EBF9CB" box="[267,405,1625,1647]" name="South Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<collectingRegion id="49E739E6FF86FFCBBF42F9FA5338F9CB" box="[267,326,1625,1647]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">South</collectingRegion>
Africa
</collectingCountry>
; Rocha et al. 2005,
<collectingRegion id="49E739E6FF86FFCBBC3DF9F950B9F9CB" box="[628,711,1626,1647]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBC3DF9F950B9F9CB" box="[628,711,1626,1647]" name="Panama" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Panama</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB28AF5FF86FFCBBC9FF9FA5665F9CB" box="[726,1051,1625,1647]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" refId="ref9360" refString="Rocha, R. M., Zanata, T. B. &amp; Moreno, T. R. (2012) Keys for the identification of families and genera of Atlantic shallow water ascidians. Biota Neotropica, 12, 1 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032012000100022" type="journal article">Rocha, Zanata &amp;Moreno 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E739E6FF86FFCBBA62F9FA5605F9CB" box="[1067,1147,1625,1647]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBA62F9FA5605F9CB" box="[1067,1147,1625,1647]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBAC0F9FA56BFF9CB" box="[1161,1217,1625,1647]" name="Cuba" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Cuba</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E739E6FF86FFCBBA99F9F9575DF9CB" box="[1232,1315,1626,1647]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBA99F9F9575DF9CB" box="[1232,1315,1626,1647]" name="Panama" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Panama</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
, Columbia,
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBE8EF9DB534CF92A" box="[199,306,1656,1678]" name="Venezuela" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBF72F9DB53F2F92A" box="[315,396,1656,1678]" name="Guyana" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Guyana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334B794FF86FFCBBFDEF9DB5385F92A" box="[407,507,1656,1678]" name="Suriname" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Suriname</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF86FFCBBEDEF9345124F909" blockId="14.[151,1436,1564,1709]" box="[151,858,1687,1709]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Stations: AB 161; AR 121; AR178; AR 180. (MNHN S1 POL.B 583)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339A48FFF86FFCABEDEF97A5026F838" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF86FFCBBEDEF97A5113F86E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1753,2030]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
All specimens have a thick wrinkled tunic with abundant epibionts. The siphon apertures are hardly visible from outside. The body wall is easily extracted from the tunic; it is white opaque and thick with a pink ring at the siphon edge. Internally the siphons have a wide red velum. Some thread like papillae are found on the oral velum, but numerous pointed papillae cover the atrial velum (
<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF86FFCBBC81F8E65159F8FA" box="[712,807,1861,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1558]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE13. Polycarpainsulsa stained.A, tentacles anddorsal tubercle;B atrial tentacles; C, bodyventrally opened,scalebar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221606/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Fig.13B</figureCitation>
). The dorsal tubercle is particularly thick and protruding opening in a S (
<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF86FFCBBF18F8CA53CCF826" box="[337,434,1897,1922]" captionStart="FIGURE13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1558]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE13. Polycarpainsulsa stained.A, tentacles anddorsal tubercle;B atrial tentacles; C, bodyventrally opened,scalebar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221606/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Fig.13A</figureCitation>
). The branchial sac has 4 folds on each side (
<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF86FFCBBD8AF8CA5669F826" box="[963,1047,1897,1922]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1281,1303]" captionTargetBox="[181,1436,195,1260]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,195,1260]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 14. Polycarpa insulsa, branchial sac stained, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221608/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) and transverse vessels in several orders of size, some very thick. The dermato-branchial bridges are also opaque and thick. There are no parastigmatic vessels. One branchial formula on the right side is:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF86FFCBBE8EF87650A8F84A" blockId="14.[151,1437,1753,2030]" box="[199,726,2005,2030]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Right E - 3 (19) 5 (20) 4 (24) 4 (25) 5 - DL left</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5CA78CFF87FFCABEDEF98F52A0F9C4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221606/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" startId="15.[151,250,1580,1602]" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1538]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF87FFCABEDEF98F52A0F9C4" blockId="15.[151,1435,1580,1632]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B9572B16FF87FFCABEDEF98F5361F9E5" bold="true" box="[151,287,1580,1602]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF87FFCABF63F98F539FF9E6" authorityName=": Van der Sloot" authorityYear="1969" box="[298,481,1580,1602]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulsa">
<emphasis id="B9572B16FF87FFCABF63F98F539FF9E6" box="[298,481,1580,1602]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Polycarpa insulsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stained. A, tentacles and dorsal tubercle; B atrial tentacles; C, body ventrally opened, scale bar = 1cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF87FFCABE8EF924507DF8F0" blockId="15.[151,1437,1671,1948]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
The digestive tract occupies ½ of the left body side and is attached to the body wall (
<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF87FFCABADFF9245688F904" box="[1174,1270,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1558]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE13. Polycarpainsulsa stained.A, tentacles anddorsal tubercle;B atrial tentacles; C, bodyventrally opened,scalebar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221606/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Fig.13C</figureCitation>
). The stomach wall is thick and opaque; it has no caecum. The primary loop is short, closed and contains a foliated endocarp. The rectum ends in a minutely lobed anus. The gonads are numerous, included into the body wall and slightly projecting at its surface (
<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF87FFCABFE2F950506FF8A8" box="[427,529,1779,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1558]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE13. Polycarpainsulsa stained.A, tentacles anddorsal tubercle;B atrial tentacles; C, bodyventrally opened,scalebar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221606/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
). The polycarps are elongated, of irregular outline, often associated in a common envelope looking as ramified; they occupy the whole internal side of the body (
<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF87FFCABA45F8B4560CF894" box="[1036,1138,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURE13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1558]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE13. Polycarpainsulsa stained.A, tentacles anddorsal tubercle;B atrial tentacles; C, bodyventrally opened,scalebar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221606/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
). Numerous endocarps are scattered between the polycarps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF87FFCABE8EF8FC5026F838" blockId="15.[151,1437,1671,1948]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
This description is similar to that given by Van der Sloot (1969) and by Van Name (1945) for
<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF87FFCABB6EF8C3535FF83F" authorityName="Van Name" authorityYear="1921" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="circumarata">
<emphasis id="B9572B16FF87FFCABB6EF8C3535FF83F" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Polycarpa circumarata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which is a junior synonym.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>