389 lines
44 KiB
XML
389 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791834" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7838bb10-6ff5-4333-823c-cb5debdb973c" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163993590" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791834" ID-ZooBank="AC717D1B-B74E-4C1D-86D8-0F3030C3C4F9" checkinTime="1587984739180" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Russell-Smith, Tony, Jocqué, Rudy & Alderweireldt, Mark" docDate="2009" docId="0389215EFF80FF87E6D7FF13EFF5FA33" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2013.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 16 (16)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@740fa6c3" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Amblyothele Simon 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="154" masterDocId="FFB05926FF82FF82E65BFFFFEE68FFC9" masterDocTitle="A revision of the African wolf spider genus Amblyothele Simon" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="149" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" updateTime="1643567882410" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the African wolf spider genus Amblyothele Simon</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Russell-Smith, Tony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>,,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jocqué, Rudy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Museum for Central Africa, B- 3080 Tervuren, Belgium & -</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Alderweireldt, Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Museum for Central Africa, B- 3080 Tervuren, Belgium & -</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-07-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>16</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.16.233</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">7838bb10-6ff5-4333-823c-cb5debdb973c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576480</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">AC717D1B-B74E-4C1D-86D8-0F3030C3C4F9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791834" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163993590" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0389215EFF80FF87E6D7FF13EFF5FA33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389215EFF80FF87E6D7FF13EFF5FA33" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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<subSubSection box="[140,445,236,263]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,445,236,263]" box="[140,445,236,263]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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<heading box="[140,445,236,263]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1910" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[140,445,236,263]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,445,236,263]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,285,236,263]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Amblyothele</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Simon E" box="[292,445,236,263]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" pagination="175 - 218" refId="ref12723" refString="Simon E (1910) Arachnoidea. Araneae (ii). In Schultze L. Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im Westlichen und zentralen Sudafrika. Denkschrifte der medicinisch-naturwissenschaftichen Gesellschaft zu Jena 16: 175 - 218." type="journal article" year="1910">Simon, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="151" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,307,369]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1910" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[140,428,307,334]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[140,271,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Amblyothele</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Simon E" box="[278,428,307,334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" pagination="175 - 218" refId="ref12723" refString="Simon E (1910) Arachnoidea. Araneae (ii). In Schultze L. Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im Westlichen und zentralen Sudafrika. Denkschrifte der medicinisch-naturwissenschaftichen Gesellschaft zu Jena 16: 175 - 218." type="journal article" year="1910">Simon, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[438,584,307,333]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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<typeStatus box="[438,496,307,333]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1910" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[598,1001,307,334]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albocincta">
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<emphasis box="[598,846,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Amblyothele albocincta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Simon E" box="[852,1001,307,334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" pagination="175 - 218" refId="ref12723" refString="Simon E (1910) Arachnoidea. Araneae (ii). In Schultze L. Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im Westlichen und zentralen Sudafrika. Denkschrifte der medicinisch-naturwissenschaftichen Gesellschaft zu Jena 16: 175 - 218." type="journal article" year="1910">Simon, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,413,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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Small wolf spiders (males 3.08-4.17, females 3.33-5.17) without pronounced carapace pattern, sometimes with pale median band and darker striae radiating from fovea (
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<figureCitation box="[218,287,483,510]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[140,212,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[317,939,199,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[269,978,165,1634]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Amblyothele togona Roewer, female, habitus (MRAC 223302). Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Anterior eye row (
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<figureCitation box="[533,604,483,510]" captionStart="Figures 2-9" captionStartId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[176,1072,165,1550]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2-9. Amblyothele togona Roewer (specimens from Masako, Congo DR) Scanning electron micrographs 2 female carapace, frontal view 3 epigyne, ventral view 4 anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view 5 posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view 6 male palp, ventral view 7 male palp, detail, ventral view 8 tarsal organ on leg 2 9 tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis;TA: tegular apophysis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) usually either straight or, more often, recurved, with AME ranging in size from equal to twice diameter of ALE. PME 1.40- 2.25 times diameter apart; PLE 0.66-0.86 times diameter of ALE. Eye region normally suffused with black. Chelicerae pale, mottled or streaked with grey, clothed in long dark setae; posterior margin with two teeth, proximal one normally larger, anterior margin normally with three minute teeth with middle one largest although in some species anterior margin lacks teeth altogether. Labia and maxillae coloured as chelicerae with maxillae 1.75 to 2.0 times longer than labium. Sternum pale, scutiform, moderately to strongly produced between hind coxae, with scattering of dark setae. Legs pale yellow to pale brown, clothed in short adpressed setae, noticeably longer and thinner than those of all other well-characterised piratine genera, with length/width ratio of femur I ranging from 5.60 to 10.50. Leg IV 1.25-1.35 times length of leg I. Ventral spines of leg I normally with three pairs on tibia and three on metatarsus, distal pairs normally reduced in size. All leg spines long, thin and pale. Tarsi with three claws (
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<figureCitation box="[406,476,976,1002]" captionStart="Figures 2-9" captionStartId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[176,1072,165,1550]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2-9. Amblyothele togona Roewer (specimens from Masako, Congo DR) Scanning electron micrographs 2 female carapace, frontal view 3 epigyne, ventral view 4 anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view 5 posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view 6 male palp, ventral view 7 male palp, detail, ventral view 8 tarsal organ on leg 2 9 tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis;TA: tegular apophysis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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); paired claws with two to five long thin teeth and few tiny ones at base; unpaired claw small on raised pad, with four or five small teeth, having two long serrated bristles adjacent. Tarsal organ with keyhole shaped aperture (
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<figureCitation box="[148,219,1082,1108]" captionStart="Figures 2-9" captionStartId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[176,1072,165,1550]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2-9. Amblyothele togona Roewer (specimens from Masako, Congo DR) Scanning electron micrographs 2 female carapace, frontal view 3 epigyne, ventral view 4 anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view 5 posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view 6 male palp, ventral view 7 male palp, detail, ventral view 8 tarsal organ on leg 2 9 tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis;TA: tegular apophysis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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). Abdomen pale yellow to brown, sometimes suffused with grey and usually with paler dorsal folium (
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<figureCitation box="[432,499,1117,1143]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[140,212,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[317,939,199,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[269,978,165,1634]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Amblyothele togona Roewer, female, habitus (MRAC 223302). Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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).
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<typeStatus box="[523,580,1118,1144]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Type</typeStatus>
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species,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[679,825,1117,1143]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albocincta">
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<emphasis box="[679,825,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">A. albocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with row of four paired pale white spots on dorsal surface. Abdomen of males without dorsal scutum. Dorsal surface sometimes clothed in dark hairs. Ventrally pale yellow to white. Spinnerets long, ALS twice length of AMS, clearly 3 segmented (
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<figureCitation box="[766,837,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[140,212,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[317,939,199,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[269,978,165,1634]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Amblyothele togona Roewer, female, habitus (MRAC 223302). Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[852,900,1222,1249]" captionStart="Figures 2-9" captionStartId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[176,1072,165,1550]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2-9. Amblyothele togona Roewer (specimens from Masako, Congo DR) Scanning electron micrographs 2 female carapace, frontal view 3 epigyne, ventral view 4 anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view 5 posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view 6 male palp, ventral view 7 male palp, detail, ventral view 8 tarsal organ on leg 2 9 tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis;TA: tegular apophysis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">4, 5</figureCitation>
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). Dorsally pale to dark brown or grey, ventrally pale white or cream. ALS in female with two major ampullate gland spigots near median margin, surrounded by numerous piriform gland spigots. PLS with numerous aciniform gland spigots.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,413,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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Male palp longer and narrower than that of most piratine genera and cymbium without terminal claws. MA located distally on bulb, very large U or C-shaped sclerite with two branches (
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<figureCitation box="[365,467,1434,1460]" captionStart="Figures 2-9" captionStartId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[176,1072,165,1550]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2-9. Amblyothele togona Roewer (specimens from Masako, Congo DR) Scanning electron micrographs 2 female carapace, frontal view 3 epigyne, ventral view 4 anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view 5 posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view 6 male palp, ventral view 7 male palp, detail, ventral view 8 tarsal organ on leg 2 9 tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis;TA: tegular apophysis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Figs 6, 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[480,512,1434,1460]" captionStart="Figures 10-13" captionStartId="10.[140,222,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[196,1051,695,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[169,1078,683,1572]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 10-13. Amblyothele albocincta Simon (holotype). 10 right male palp, ventral view 11 right male palp, retrolateral view 12 epigyne, ventral view 13 epigyne, dorsal view, cleared. Scales: 10-11 0.5 mm 12-13 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817242" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817242/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[524,556,1434,1460]" captionStart="Figures 14-15. 14" captionStartId="12.[140,222,1622,1644]" captionTargetBox="[155,1073,1280,1602]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[140,1107,1276,1606]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 14-15. 14 Amblyothele atlantica sp. n. epigyne of holotype, ventral view 15 A. ecologica sp. n. epigyne of holotype, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817246" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817246/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">14</figureCitation>
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); larger, anterior branch directed antero-mesally, blade-shaped. Smaller posterior branch directed anteriorly, variable in shape: blunt lobe with rounded tip in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[428,571,1504,1531]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albocincta">
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<emphasis box="[428,571,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">A. albocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, abruptly truncate in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1960" box="[822,925,1505,1531]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togona">
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<emphasis box="[822,925,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">A. togona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell-Smith & Jocqué & Alderweireldt" authorityYear="2009" box="[983,1100,1504,1531]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">
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<emphasis box="[983,1100,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">A. longipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pointed barb in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell-Smith & Jocqué & Alderweireldt" authorityYear="2009" box="[332,471,1539,1566]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamatula">
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<emphasis box="[332,471,1539,1566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">A. hamatula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Course of E almost totally obscured by MA in unexpanded palp (
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<figureCitation box="[299,402,1575,1601]" captionStart="Figures 2-9" captionStartId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[176,1072,165,1550]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2-9. Amblyothele togona Roewer (specimens from Masako, Congo DR) Scanning electron micrographs 2 female carapace, frontal view 3 epigyne, ventral view 4 anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view 5 posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view 6 male palp, ventral view 7 male palp, detail, ventral view 8 tarsal organ on leg 2 9 tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis;TA: tegular apophysis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">Figs 6, 7</figureCitation>
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) with only very tip visible near base of MA in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[956,1103,1575,1601]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albocincta">A. albocincta</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell-Smith & Jocqué & Alderweireldt" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,304,1610,1636]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latedissipata">A. latedissipata</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[362,474,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1960" box="[362,470,1610,1636]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togona">A. togona</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Sub-tegulum relatively large in most species, occupying from quarter to third of surface of bulb, but reduced in size in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell-Smith & Jocqué & Alderweireldt" authorityYear="2009" box="[847,983,1645,1671]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamatula">
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<emphasis box="[847,983,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="151">A. hamatula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817238" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3817238" box="[140,955,1654,1677]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817238/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" startId="3.[140,212,1654,1676]" targetBox="[317,939,199,1618]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,955,1654,1677]" box="[140,955,1654,1677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,237,1654,1676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Roewer" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1960" box="[244,492,1654,1676]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togona">
|
||
<emphasis box="[244,415,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Amblyothele togona</emphasis>
|
||
Roewer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, habitus (MRAC 223302). Scale =
|
||
<quantity box="[892,951,1655,1676]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" startId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" targetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,1558,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,266,1558,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Figures 2-9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Roewer" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1960" box="[274,515,1558,1580]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togona">
|
||
<emphasis box="[274,441,1558,1580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Amblyothele togona</emphasis>
|
||
Roewer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimens from Masako,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[762,865,1559,1580]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Congo DR</collectingCountry>
|
||
) Scanning electron micrographs
|
||
<specimenCount box="[205,282,1590,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="female">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[205,218,1590,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2</emphasis>
|
||
female
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
carapace, frontal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[489,502,1590,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">3</emphasis>
|
||
epigyne, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[704,717,1590,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">4</emphasis>
|
||
anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,153,1622,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">5</emphasis>
|
||
posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view
|
||
<specimenCount box="[634,696,1622,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="male">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[634,647,1622,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">6</emphasis>
|
||
male
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
palp, ventral view
|
||
<specimenCount box="[867,929,1622,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="male">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[867,880,1622,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">7</emphasis>
|
||
male
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
palp, detail, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[186,199,1654,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">8</emphasis>
|
||
tarsal organ on leg 2
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[388,401,1654,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">9</emphasis>
|
||
tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis; TA: tegular apophysis).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,167,510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||
Female epigyne resembling that of other piratine genera in being simple plate (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[148,218,202,228]" captionStart="Figures 2-9" captionStartId="4.[140,219,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[176,1072,165,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[176,1072,165,1550]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2-9. Amblyothele togona Roewer (specimens from Masako, Congo DR) Scanning electron micrographs 2 female carapace, frontal view 3 epigyne, ventral view 4 anterior lateral spinneret; retro-caudal view 5 posterior lateral spinneret, last segment, ventral view 6 male palp, ventral view 7 male palp, detail, ventral view 8 tarsal organ on leg 2 9 tarsal claws, leg 2. (E: embolus; MA: median apophysis;TA: tegular apophysis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817240/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), often obscured by densely packed, long, barbed setae. Epigynal plate suboval in shape, shallowly (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell-Smith & Jocqué & Alderweireldt" authorityYear="2009" box="[430,600,237,263]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latedissipata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[430,600,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">A. latedissipata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to deeply (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1960" box="[741,847,237,263]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="togona">
|
||
<emphasis box="[741,847,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">A. togona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) notched on posterior border. Spermathecae and their ducts visible to greater or lesser extent through lateral margins of epigynal plate. Viewed internally, genital openings visible to either side of central notch on posterior margin of epigyne with spermathecal ducts extending anteriorly, either straight or curving mesally. Spermathecae relatively small, either spherical or pyriform. With two small laterally-oriented glands at base of spermathecal ducts, near the posterior margin of the epigynal plate; gland ducts connect to spermathecal ducts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,603,588,615]" box="[140,603,588,615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,603,588,615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||
Diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1910" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[297,603,588,615]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[297,442,588,615]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Simon E" box="[449,603,588,615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="175 - 218" refId="ref12723" refString="Simon E (1910) Arachnoidea. Araneae (ii). In Schultze L. Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im Westlichen und zentralen Sudafrika. Denkschrifte der medicinisch-naturwissenschaftichen Gesellschaft zu Jena 16: 175 - 218." type="journal article" year="1910">Simon, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,659,1530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[140,209,660,685]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,209,660,685]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the nominate genus of the subfamily, is distributed throughout the world with the exception of SE Asia(?),
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[460,561,695,721]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Pacific region. The tegular apophysis in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[140,209,731,756]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,209,731,756]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varies widely in form (see, for example
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Almquist S" box="[665,856,730,757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 284" refId="ref12385" refString="Almquist S (2005) Swedish Araneae, part 1, families Atypidae to Hahniidae. Insect Systematics and Evolution. Suppl. 62: 1 - 284." type="journal article" year="2005">Almquist (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for European species,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tanaka H" box="[140,308,765,791]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="33 - 77" refId="ref12763" refString="Tanaka H (1988) Lycosid spiders of Japan. I. The genus Pirata Sundevall. Acta Arachnologia 36: 33 - 77." type="journal article" year="1988">Tanaka (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for those of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[452,516,766,792]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wallace HK & Exline H" box="[573,747,765,791]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref12823" refString="Wallace HK, Exline H (1978) Spiders of the genus Pirata in North America, Central America and the West Indies (Araneae: Lycosidae). Journal of Arachnology 5: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1978">Wallace (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for Nearctic species). The tegular apophysis in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[329,462,800,826]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[329,462,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles that of some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[857,926,801,826]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[857,926,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Blackwall, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Blackwall" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latitans">
|
||
<emphasis box="[999,1108,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">P. latitans</emphasis>
|
||
(Blackwall, 1841)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Emerton, 1885" authorityName="Emerton" authorityYear="1885" box="[361,670,835,862]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[361,481,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">P. insularis</emphasis>
|
||
Emerton, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Thorell, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[684,1055,835,862]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uliginosus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[684,869,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata uliginosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Thorell, 1856)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and among European species (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Almquist S" box="[482,658,870,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 284" refId="ref12385" refString="Almquist S (2005) Swedish Araneae, part 1, families Atypidae to Hahniidae. Insect Systematics and Evolution. Suppl. 62: 1 - 284." type="journal article" year="2005">Almquist 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 236 a-h, 237 a-e) but not that of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[184,233,906,932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Clerck, 1757)" baseAuthorityName="Clerck" baseAuthorityYear="1757" box="[335,637,906,933]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piraticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[335,454,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">P. piraticus</emphasis>
|
||
(Clerck, 1757)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The epigynes of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[837,970,906,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[837,970,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species also resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[352,421,942,967]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[352,421,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species but in several species have a conspicuous notch on the posterior margin. Despite the similarity of the male palp in at least some
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[1039,1108,977,1002]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1039,1108,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[274,407,1011,1037]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[274,407,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the two genera differ significantly in somatic characters. The legs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[220,353,1047,1073]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[220,353,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much longer and thinner than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[852,921,1047,1072]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,921,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with the length/width ratio of Femur I of three
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[589,658,1083,1108]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[589,658,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species ranging from 3.21 to 3.33 and that for three
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[297,430,1117,1143]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[297,430,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from 5.67 to 10.45. Furthermore, the legs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[1039,1108,1118,1143]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1039,1108,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are more or less densely clothed in semi-erect setae while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[974,1107,1152,1178]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[974,1107,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have only a sparse clothing of short, adpressed setae. Overall, most
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[974,1107,1187,1213]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[974,1107,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[424,493,1223,1248]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[424,493,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species although the smallest
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[849,918,1223,1248]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[849,918,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pirata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Blackwall" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[988,1098,1223,1249]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latitans">
|
||
<emphasis box="[988,1098,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">P. latitans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) overlap in size with the largest
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[491,624,1258,1284]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[491,624,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,659,1530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||
In the palp of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Purcell" authorityYear="1903" box="[481,590,1294,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Proevippa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[481,590,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Proevippa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1876" box="[605,680,1293,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trabea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[605,680,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Trabea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Purcell" authorityYear="1903" box="[740,860,1294,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Pterartoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[740,860,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Pterartoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the basal part of the tegulum bears one or more, more or less translucent, poorly sclerotised membranous extensions (see
|
||
<figureCitation box="[320,417,1363,1389]" captionStart="Figures 10-13" captionStartId="10.[140,222,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[196,1051,695,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[169,1078,683,1572]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 10-13. Amblyothele albocincta Simon (holotype). 10 right male palp, ventral view 11 right male palp, retrolateral view 12 epigyne, ventral view 13 epigyne, dorsal view, cleared. Scales: 10-11 0.5 mm 12-13 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817242" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817242/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Fig. 10b</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell-Smith A" box="[459,686,1363,1390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="223 - 244" refId="ref12633" refString="Russell-Smith A (1981) A revision of the genus Chaleposa Simon (Araneae: Lycosidae). Journal of Natural History 15: 223 - 244." type="journal article" year="1981">Russell-Smith 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[748,828,1363,1390]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[140,212,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[317,939,199,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[269,978,165,1634]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Amblyothele togona Roewer, female, habitus (MRAC 223302). Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817238/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell-Smith A" box="[871,1099,1363,1390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="69 - 91" refId="ref12661" refString="Russell-Smith A (1982) A revision of the genus Trabaea Simon (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 74: 69 - 91." type="journal article" year="1982">Russell-Smith 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) which are lacking in
|
||
<emphasis box="[384,525,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[384,521,1399,1425]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amblyothele</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Furthermore, the terminal apophysis in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Purcell, 1903" authorityName="Purcell" authorityYear="1903" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Proevippa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[999,1108,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Proevippa</emphasis>
|
||
Purcell, 1903
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1876" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1876" box="[354,590,1434,1460]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trabea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[354,429,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Trabea</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1876
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is much larger than that in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1910" box="[923,1056,1434,1460]" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Amblyothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[923,1056,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Amblyothele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and has a characteristic tongue-shaped form with a sharply reflexed distal portion (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell-Smith A" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="223 - 244" refId="ref12633" refString="Russell-Smith A (1981) A revision of the genus Chaleposa Simon (Araneae: Lycosidae). Journal of Natural History 15: 223 - 244." type="journal article" year="1981">Russell-Smith 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell-Smith A" box="[336,400,1504,1530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" pagination="69 - 91" refId="ref12661" refString="Russell-Smith A (1982) A revision of the genus Trabaea Simon (Araneae: Lycosidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 74: 69 - 91." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |