treatments-xml/data/E2/07/D3/E207D3868B2056CA8E3881E0AC434DCF.xml

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21689" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d70e8517-9e55-446b-a15e-1adbe670f391" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2615-35-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3F581627A1AD51F093FE5D47B827F9CA" ID-ZooBank="D40C4CD5FC8A451C8C8BD20B9170D19E" ModsDocID="1314-2615-35-1" checkinTime="1592250174959" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Garcia, Rafael, Andujar, Carmelo, Oromi, Pedro &amp; Lopez, Heriberto" docDate="2020" docId="E207D3868B2056CA8E3881E0AC434DCF" docLanguage="en" docName="SubterBiol 35: 1-14" docOrigin="Subterranean Biology 35" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583" docTitle="Oromia orahan Garcia &amp; Oromi 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="27FED0D7-F748-4427-8BDC-2B487C00F774" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="3F581627A1AD51F093FE5D47B827F9CA" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="3F581627A1AD51F093FE5D47B827F9CA" masterDocTitle="Oromia orahan (Curculionidae, Molytinae), a new subterranean species for the Canarian underground biodiversity" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732786669626" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="10F133D21DDA83276D12634B243D6537">Oromia orahan (Curculionidae, Molytinae), a new subterranean species for the Canarian underground biodiversity</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E07CA99E3E8B9E3CABBA00EF96DB559C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DB517C28684078F14A956006780502AC">Garcia, Rafael</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7EDD2EA78614337340DB8AC5D7CE054F">C /. San Miguel 9, 38700 Santa Cruz de La Palma, La Palma, Canary Islands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1BE1EA4F97A73237C8EE2424785E361B">Andujar, Carmelo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E56ECAD28B28C9B3C80AF12191A50BB1">C /. San Miguel 9, 38700 Santa Cruz de La Palma, La Palma, Canary Islands</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B5DB5A413B4BC8AB260826F9A5BC8CDC" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9759-7402</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F8F91FFF7F9184CDB241F8D2C1A93FDE">Oromi, Pedro</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4BA0286587E438B71AD934BE1065B764">Depto. Biologia Animal, Edafologia y Geologia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="735977E926B78B9462E71A5DC0B8B53D">Lopez, Heriberto</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="973AC9C39400EF175667DA575AEAAA6D">Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia (IPNA-CSIC), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="162562EC766E6B7C81006EEFFC66215A" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6988-5204</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5F5471E5BF6AC890A1DE47DB2130649D" type="email">herilope@ipna.csic.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C994585DE7983EE84C9AD4126DC8DD54">Subterranean Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2B7792A25B562F70332225E7B6AC5202">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="00C048DA4A46F2A2F12A96108A8F2D8A">35</mods:number>
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<treatment id="E207D3868B2056CA8E3881E0AC434DCF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164597368" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:27FED0D7-F748-4427-8BDC-2B487C00F774" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E207D3868B2056CA8E3881E0AC434DCF" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Insecta" scope_family="Curculionidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Molytinae" scope_superFamily="Curculionoidea">
<subSubSection id="285C4EAF4FA5EB1105FB0C565A8400E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2F6BEEE5E50B980779792A85574F5A9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="9634AC2D234E232B367716071F952055" LSID="E207D386-8B20-56CA-8E38-81E0AC434DCF" authority="García &amp; Oromí" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan" status="sp. nov.">
Oromia orahan 
<normalizedToken id="F973897C8AC3999CE0EA8724E864BAEC" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
&amp; 
<normalizedToken id="24A40EAE790BC017EEC7F90B24FA066A" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CF72AC60FA2AD2037B4D1B4871B3C33F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="88ADA91D2AFF16A84BE00934018F48B1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Oromia orahan sp. nov. (female) in dorsal and lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BD99B07018644ADBD7BEC971CF4AE392" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Structures of the male and female genitalia of Oromia orahan sp. nov. A aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view B spiculum gastrale C tegmen D spiculum ventrale E ovipositor. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C), 0.8 mm (D), 0.03 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DD18BE44A061AD6FA82E04C7CDE926C5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Appearance of mud / dirt covered (A) and clean (B) individuals of Oromia orahan sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ECD1BC879C9C2259EBC18701ADB5D9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="1043703D44AC4541A3F6E202EEE246A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D8E32133E9AF9EB94E4716DBF6762B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Spain, Canary Islands, La Gomera: 
<normalizedToken id="2F4E0102727E81716C3FCFBCBD00599C" originalValue="Reventón">Reventon</normalizedToken>
Oscuro, Garajonay National Park (
<geoCoordinate id="580B18E23E99868D4260E74068C55264" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="27.08" value="28.12419">28°7'27.08&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="4E4D428828073832DF8707289D9AFB90" degrees="17" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="58.45" value="-17.216236">17°12'58.45&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1073 m a.s.l.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7F0127F85E902BBBAC03F494578989D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="90C99A068915394C41F0E0A7915A55C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF22BBAA7FE15B961B53EDC0E48BB617" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="A797FD18FE6B1680149B75FE764DCFD4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
: 1 ♂, La Gomera, 
<normalizedToken id="E3792E5FB16DC790B8E3EC7C68D1EBD0" originalValue="Reventón">Reventon</normalizedToken>
Oscuro, Garajonay National Park (
<geoCoordinate id="CB7B93218F4C5B833C11531D22FB35C1" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="27.08" value="28.12419">28°7'27.08&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="8715E857F7903F12D599739B9D235D50" degrees="17" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="58.45" value="-17.216236">17°12'58.45&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1073 m a.s.l.), MSS1/1, 3 January 2015, DNA771, P. 
<normalizedToken id="A203AA7E3594F1999E26D1721E32AA78" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
leg. (IPNA-CSIC). 
<emphasis id="D39A45BB9C41B0F6574F6D5A9528D104" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
: same locality as the holotype, MSS2, 1♀, 5 February 2009, DNA688, P. 
<normalizedToken id="DBA6E0E12F79F2CD6EA98E2BF8908DCE" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
leg. (IPNA-CSIC); MSS3, 1♀, 8 June 2010, DNA689, H. 
<normalizedToken id="272849442A9FFE85CA98CEE31528F288" originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
&amp; D. 
<normalizedToken id="9436DAB27D079F40F50A8AD7973683AC" originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
leg. (HLH); MSS1, 1♀, 7 January 2011, DNA690, P. 
<normalizedToken id="9D90FB9517C322F15DCB5426B180CFD8" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
leg. (POM); MSS2/4, 1♀, 16 November 2013, DNA572, P. 
<normalizedToken id="0863576FD1869B0C61FD59F523E0FD98" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
leg. (POM); MSS1/3, 1♀, 3 January 2015, DNA770, P. 
<normalizedToken id="120CB517A9764AF44D74C3EC149A3290" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
leg. (POM). La Gomera, Hermigua, Monte de Los 
<normalizedToken id="88AAA29F4DB243C555BE2C3D8EA6298E" originalValue="Acebiños">Acebinos</normalizedToken>
, Garajonay National Park (
<geoCoordinate id="942D0F1C498F467C2A02429E7921948A" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="28.13889">28°08'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E4DAA5F34924CAE4D9653B142D4C297B" degrees="17" direction="west" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-17.227777">17°13'40&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1038 m a.s.l.), 1 ♂, 8 December 2008, R. 
<normalizedToken id="CE198E3D665318A79F3CA3BE373E23E2" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
leg. (RGB).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27F513E32C8F6A95FA92768159FA4CF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="7DEA35E4E770857F268370CBA606EAAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D4CEDB22C164C0A9C540052F64CD1B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="1FDE3A70C86CBA81206A889F221CDA66" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
Total length (including rostrum) 3.7-4.9 mm (X̄ = 4.3 mm). Maximal width 1.1-1.5 mm (X̄ = 1.3 mm). Body reddish-brown to yellowish-brown (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7D14B0B23B77773618D66E693BDC45D9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Oromia orahan sp. nov. (female) in dorsal and lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
), vestiture glabrous, with tiny setae (6-8 
<normalizedToken id="505CADE7C2D20B285BBCD9DEFE4DDA7C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) on elytral interstriae, and on edges and keels of pronotum; setae longer and more visible on rostral apex, antennae and legs. Apterous.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D0793A06D1F8C5FE2FFFDC77FD6F821F" doi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="4420D502214E76E9E60A40881063933A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="1E89C79369EEDFA3DE01A7D1C789CCB5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="EDCB7E50135EDE28CD79AC29AD09B9DF" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="31671A64D03830712EC4E693090D5C1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
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sp. nov. (female) in dorsal and lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7CB866659BDC458E3ACE7C9262DCD3DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2F6A07897344D95896E792AE846923EA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
globose, partially retracted into pronotum, carinated, with thick punctures, eyeless.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8925BD339B9782A21B7F2E9C10EDD085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="EB555D1EA3AE671CD778AC76311CB7D4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rostrum</emphasis>
(average length 1.1 mm) as long as pronotum and 4 
<normalizedToken id="B585E97E8D11CB3EB96EB863A69B53B1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide at apex. Rostrum dorsally parallel-sided, coarsely punctured and carinulated in basal half; apical half with a median keel and two pairs of lateral keels, all well-defined; each pair of lateral keels join at the end of metarostrum forming an elongated, narrow hexagon through mesorostrum, continuing from here as a single keel along prorostrum. Prorostrum smooth, punctured, with apical setae. In lateral view, metarostrum convex. Ventrally, rostrum with three carinae, median carina thin and weak, slightly defined or barely visible beyond the basal half, lateral carinae more robust.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A8D893B343630136C623D18E006AFAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E417DCF6DF4F1DF2C535DA1573CE2D41" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antennae</emphasis>
with short bristles, inserted in apical third of rostral length. Scape smooth in the basal half, punctated and microreticulated surface in the apical half, 7.3 
<normalizedToken id="D498D59C1293EAE9A83D015303CB8AB2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as its maximum width and 1.45 
<normalizedToken id="9809AF86897C71B372D04366B58EA603" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as funicule. First funicular antennomere obconical, 2.25 
<normalizedToken id="11C134BF7474906FC7BAC7DFF89C1291" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; second obconical, 1.5 
<normalizedToken id="5BD8233DED9051EF16B9F2C1DF4D392D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, narrower than the first and half as long; funicular antennomeres 3 to 5 isodiametric, 5 to 7 slightly transverse. Club globose sub-rhombic, 2 
<normalizedToken id="5C6629552DC649AA14E7ECA6E4F6AC80" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide and as long as the last 5-6 funicular antennomeres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC8C74F82189C0894FF549EFE6F9E75D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="23F62927D39BC474998E5C1438E62908" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pronotum</emphasis>
1.1 
<normalizedToken id="261F0EB71BA3AD76D25753B258589DD1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, anterior margin 0.66 
<normalizedToken id="7A9BEA2F893EFBDB0A761F748AC31F24" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as posterior; with three strong keels from anterior to posterior margin, median one straight and two paramedian ones sinuous, and in addition two strong lateral keels; in dorsal view, these lateral keels form a sub-trapezoidal pronotum outline, rounded angles, widest at level of posterior third; margins between these angles variable, from straight to slightly sinuous. Surface mat, with well-defined punctation on keels and edges, microreticulate intervals and some microsetae on keels. Prosternum with three longitudinal keels that cut transverse prosternal furrow, leaving two well-defined foveae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C43D83C642A7075D16D873C674D785D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DE643059340A6A205EB3EDFF6839578D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scutellum</emphasis>
not visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6695129695B8C34AB71DB6C31ADBD4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="CA323F89BBB337DCE51264EA232ED275" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pterothorax</emphasis>
with elytra oblong, elongated, lacking humeral calli, almost parallel-sided with slight concavity towards middle; with microreticulate surface, punctation and pubescence similar to that on pronotum; 2.7 
<normalizedToken id="E67A4A040E9F4C994028D9A90AC63993" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as pronotum and 1.78 
<normalizedToken id="0ACA4F0B1B1CAD6CC589CC23727C26DE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Interstriae from barely defined to strongly costiform: odd interstriae strongly costiform, 7th forming marginal border without reaching apical callus; even interstriae barely defined, resulting in two rows of superficial punctures conforming striae between each interstria; 8th interstria not defined in the lateral declivity, 9th slightly careniform. Metasternum 3 
<normalizedToken id="EA5DDCECED58792B06ABCA657AE50D9B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long, with dense, deep, rugose punctation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="75E8BAB06ACABBAC3ED446A602B72803" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E38CAF064A49BD601952D2F7D915BA80" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
with two first ventrites with shallower sparse punctation, disc of both depressed. Fifth ventrite with punctation similar to first two and 2.1 
<normalizedToken id="7CF42C1C9EEC6BC54DDDCBA216CD7788" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DCAB8EED3998EB77C467EC2B0019FB1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="CC005DD56E8CD8BD480DA08CE59E0F2B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
with dense coarse punctation, covered with setae. Procoxae separated by distance of 0.0125 
<normalizedToken id="5D713C8755EF51BEBF3DA02E512C59D6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
of their diameter, 1.6 
<normalizedToken id="236DE1FAFBD0962A78A4ABA48C13EF80" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
of distance from anterior margin of pronotum and 1.5 
<normalizedToken id="DBEA65BC8E4C9E5A9A35B334867ED5FE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
of distance from posterior margin of pronotum. Mesocoxae separated by distance of 0.5 
<normalizedToken id="200302F13C67D6987B187DF340ADD4EA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their diameter. Pro-, meso- and metafemora respectively 4.7 
<normalizedToken id="7BC5D5A706B08FC5752D3B156FCD7962" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
, 4.4 
<normalizedToken id="329E2EB8874451AA81BD6067B3233640" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 6 
<normalizedToken id="F206A0DBDB4F1246587CF98325FF0A76" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as their maximum width. Protibiae 5.8 
<normalizedToken id="AE54858864FAD680E1592E7E3B1BC721" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide at apex (without counting uncus), almost straight, with external edge irregularly denticulate, and with dense strip of setae in a slight inner apical concavity. Meso- and metatibiae 5.4 
<normalizedToken id="B8E32A91420E9CEF90EF1F13073AEF27" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 6.9 
<normalizedToken id="19F25399E0BB17ADB6A20D994229D269" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
, respectively, as long as their maximum width. First metatarsomere 1.36 
<normalizedToken id="5BEA3CB81146A668DAA93B2B4E74F6EE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; second transverse, 0.66 
<normalizedToken id="40F5D606508D3620099DC4E4896E1A82" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; third strongly bilobed, transverse, 0.87 
<normalizedToken id="4F0F81E2CCA7284452434816FE6217AE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; onychium 3.6 
<normalizedToken id="B9F83A10D2122720C9B311D4590DC10B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, 2/3 of its length projected from the third metatarsomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9555AE3AD707E48770F02AF2E3849F9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DA2808E51D5959562BA149FA6E71D5CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="88EF82E6B9B27D6E16086D41975E41FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aedeagus</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Penis symmetric in dorsal view, parallel-sided and with the apex briefly pointed (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D65BF43325D23A4710F93D17285CC0A8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Structures of the male and female genitalia of Oromia orahan sp. nov. A aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view B spiculum gastrale C tegmen D spiculum ventrale E ovipositor. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C), 0.8 mm (D), 0.03 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A</figureCitation>
); dorsal plate strongly chitinised; clearly curved in lateral view, with acute apex and small callus; internal sac with densely arranged teeth in two longitudinal bands occupying the apical two thirds of tube. 
<emphasis id="3DB57DE0F9DA5BFAE7DB46C6EE6B0246" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spiculum gastrale</emphasis>
robust and bowed with highly asymmetric arms (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D1AC8E2123A7941B1F3E82930B6987F0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Structures of the male and female genitalia of Oromia orahan sp. nov. A aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view B spiculum gastrale C tegmen D spiculum ventrale E ovipositor. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C), 0.8 mm (D), 0.03 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2B</figureCitation>
). Tegmen with macrosetae, short manubrium and short, subparallel, blunt-tipped parameroid lobes (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C30D43321EC521EAA1B5DCFB9F4BCE85" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Structures of the male and female genitalia of Oromia orahan sp. nov. A aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view B spiculum gastrale C tegmen D spiculum ventrale E ovipositor. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C), 0.8 mm (D), 0.03 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="F9C04B98AA115C250B6B15B2B84B36B7" doi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="67FEB37B70A31209565A0DCB4DF64B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="52032529943DC14526DC517478513E37" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Structures of the male and female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="D32EE5CAC8B3ADD80BAE3E1D8F9C09CD" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="2C52F388FCA231BB3DDF2FDF917F25EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. 
<emphasis id="75FF4F9DC335AAFE4B7BF583E5333CBF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view 
<emphasis id="EFE762F2AD3621237856B2EBFB740CE9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
spiculum gastrale 
<emphasis id="2A315849F1E8B09E5FC67CD57D5ED9E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
tegmen 
<emphasis id="74FA1061789F371FFE02EBE76129B8BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
spiculum ventrale 
<emphasis id="D14AFE675D313E93DAF3356F00193C4C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
ovipositor. Scale bars: 1 mm (
<emphasis id="A5CC7C0A015C75505B80668D443A8CA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
), 0.8 mm (
<emphasis id="3E6CBA8BB89F5CFA4AF22680FA0B59D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
), 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="7719FEA623CC55F895466A1B34F9395B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0D04EF86FECD7150BA6900A3F6B744EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="550CE3103850FF32B9B0E89A72DDE21C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female.</emphasis>
Similar to male, but with total length 5.2-5.5 mm (X̄ = 5.3 mm), maximal width 1.7-1.8 mm (X̄ = 1.78 mm). Rostrum longer than in males (1.5 mm). Scape 9.6 
<normalizedToken id="F5BAA223E527D9D52115243C9CB45653" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide; 6th and 7th funicular antennomeres 1.25 
<normalizedToken id="279C37C5C8E0BE3F377C6A57B6758EB0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide. Elytra 2.42 
<normalizedToken id="BEC583C519090B8719BD09807AAB542F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as pronotum, 1.56 
<normalizedToken id="B8DCE910EB7864549134DDA0FE7D3452" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide. 5th ventrite 2.6 
<normalizedToken id="7A6A70EE20F54BBBB9D1D3BC87FB3A28" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long. Pro-, meso- and metafemora respectively 3.6 
<normalizedToken id="ADD6BE2CABC4C47E16F2049880535E70" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
, 4.3 
<normalizedToken id="4F2B231A17273E2B45CF276BED0BFA9E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 5.4 
<normalizedToken id="E612B072082FF827BB8C32F6F645B3D2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Pro-, meso- and metatibiae respectively 6.2 
<normalizedToken id="F2AAF58D45B34ECDF434C96CE9812318" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
, 6.8 
<normalizedToken id="BD2C14991255FB0A172959FAF9561879" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 7.6 
<normalizedToken id="0B77BF9548D8293F5CD3B8EFB424B6BC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="814C3C34A859A48B141BE92D595E7284" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="32DB22289FF4DE6F0B1D035F8BB04C01" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spiculum ventrale</emphasis>
bilobed bearing about 16 macrosetae (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="FC550B8C062C5574374CE6A86D1A335F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Structures of the male and female genitalia of Oromia orahan sp. nov. A aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view B spiculum gastrale C tegmen D spiculum ventrale E ovipositor. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C), 0.8 mm (D), 0.03 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2D</figureCitation>
); manubrium with short median arm forking into two longer arms forming obtuse angle. Ovipositor with free conical apical styles, bearing 7-8 macrosetae (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="941E6EA8531D3D846639058FD9B31B71" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Structures of the male and female genitalia of Oromia orahan sp. nov. A aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view B spiculum gastrale C tegmen D spiculum ventrale E ovipositor. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C), 0.8 mm (D), 0.03 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE6EDC40C49CE1DA50E10D612578BFC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="7218E1D234A2B991A74AF437A875CAFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9BB4843215FC681480263E0FD1104FDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
All collected individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="21BD1BA605108AF79FFCD1D5709015E1" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="36D532C4DB25D16D929D44F3C8FADB4F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the body total o partially covered by mud or dirt due to their subterranean life style, being often difficult to observe details of the tegument (scales, pores, keels, etc). The appearance of the individuals is very different when this dirt is removed (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="BB327DC4D31791D1CCB3EA42EE92B5DF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Appearance of mud / dirt covered (A) and clean (B) individuals of Oromia orahan sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
), a common feature in all Typoderini (
<normalizedToken id="BB03AD50B83E703F70964DC6CCADCDD8" originalValue="Hlaváč">Hlavac</normalizedToken>
, comm. pers.).
</paragraph>
<caption id="764E94154F31661047F685AB5F812604" doi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="A4D21B8C5DE3D6DCA4F0DDB0946197A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C6631171E117B48A102586A0614CF9EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Appearance of mud/dirt covered (
<emphasis id="54F43724C3420DF312D54C04EA256AC0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A)</emphasis>
and clean 
<emphasis id="DB455BCB8762AEEBF767197111A0DDAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(B)</emphasis>
individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="28FC8FFD70DE2DE32DDC3F16C23CE4B0" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="217520DB6FC309614A82CACF6A21889B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="370BBED8C79A8CF5C88A4A454CAADA77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A315B4DF7A86F87DEE09C20200716533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED7730831C1C1439E2E53C27075FBD3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="97C5C4F64DD436D41471B57B5143D24A" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="99E15392EA37893666699CCAAD2CE676" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from La Gomera has outstanding morphological differences with respect to 
<taxonomicName id="C34741D5ECE24E8804A81762E7B89467" lsidName="O. hephaestos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hephaestos">
<emphasis id="FFB4391CCB29332FB8525751522B542D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. hephaestos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tenerife and 
<taxonomicName id="FACC7A2F5E41C75756F596F342D08E11" lsidName="O. thoracica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="thoracica">
<emphasis id="160B3A4213F993B4CD8CD722B12F013A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. thoracica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Gran Canaria, regarding to size and shape of pronotum among other characters (see key to the species). However, 
<taxonomicName id="00CF40386B35EB6C80BEA2B1AAAB61CA" lsidName="O. orahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="FC7682FA8BCEF9CC6509B53BC9D36F6D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to 
<taxonomicName id="F5B7A402128188126C54052B041C64AA" lsidName="O. aguiari" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aguiari">
<emphasis id="A38901A98D6F31774A19F4ADEE96DF39" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aguiari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tenerife, from which it differs by its longer and less curved rostrum, thicker scape, the shape of pronotum due the marginal keels (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="A34EEE401CB3449FE77899DF77F4EDCD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Structures of Oromia orahan sp. nov. (letters without asterisks) and O. aguiari (letters with asterisks) A pronotum B aedeagus C spiculum ventrale D tegmen." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
), deeper general punctation, and the 8th interstria not marked in the lateral declivity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1807CDF13231ADFA33D627C0CFE2CB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Other differences related to the reproductive structures are: i) the aedeagus of 
<taxonomicName id="181657CCEA701D329481FE5D38A8132D" lsidName="O. orahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="33A612E860EBCA953FF5C8DD84C77FF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has parallel sides while in 
<taxonomicName id="BD09FDBB7D5F42AE1E86C404CBDD69C3" lsidName="O. aguiari" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aguiari">
<emphasis id="613C7FE470B66141334EE50FFE8A5F05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aguiari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are concave (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D9B5541A6B877507CB7A04ABF2A946FF" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Structures of Oromia orahan sp. nov. (letters without asterisks) and O. aguiari (letters with asterisks) A pronotum B aedeagus C spiculum ventrale D tegmen." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
); ii) the manubrium of the 
<emphasis id="2C9BA9E477600EBD78C53B2DB38CAB47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">spiculum ventrale</emphasis>
of 
<taxonomicName id="46ACDCCC53A8A5C223434B7F260855C9" lsidName="O. orahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="B98C181079EB169A0FCC904D3B7BB86D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a short arm forking into two longer arms forming an obtuse angle, while in 
<taxonomicName id="3FBAC471438C24FCF6E51D11248D4D81" lsidName="O. aguiari" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aguiari">
<emphasis id="C9E69C88A3666A1A2060B91F586EF8ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aguiari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the manubrium is divided into two arms arising directly from the plate of the 
<emphasis id="795505A3239252637E8015AD28C9DB74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">spiculum ventrale</emphasis>
forming an acute angle (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="299220D82095D6B6AFA6BC13FDD1E105" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Structures of Oromia orahan sp. nov. (letters without asterisks) and O. aguiari (letters with asterisks) A pronotum B aedeagus C spiculum ventrale D tegmen." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4C</figureCitation>
); iii) the tegmen of 
<taxonomicName id="ED14C1E9506AE563B31251C9399DAF4F" lsidName="O. aguiari" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aguiari">
<emphasis id="A5516EF0845510E14E514B0DA7742590" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aguiari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has subtriangular parameroid lobes whereas in 
<taxonomicName id="1C91EBE9091092D6207F6CA82E45E54A" lsidName="O. orahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="2ACA7D92B05E9A7A2C23F64525CA5DBD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the lobes are subparallel, short and with blunt tips (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="DEAADE93FDCFFB6D1F54C4E72DFD2C7B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Structures of Oromia orahan sp. nov. (letters without asterisks) and O. aguiari (letters with asterisks) A pronotum B aedeagus C spiculum ventrale D tegmen." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7473F82737FB4FD54EFC21BBF7606771" doi="10.3897/subtbiol.35.52583.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="EA5CD6F10305E369DB1AB1802CD75249" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="15EE1AED2E08F88C1B480E9EC32D5F7A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Structures of 
<taxonomicName id="B0251E91D7DDF85AAB2431CEAD51036F" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="10503CF1C655885EE6666083093A5487" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (letters without asterisks) and 
<taxonomicName id="915F7D980CACDA727E30CDD1397AD6AA" lsidName="O. aguiari" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aguiari">
<emphasis id="ADDDD3D7921B2AB29C87A1D21B80FEE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aguiari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(letters with asterisks) 
<emphasis id="6B1E3C4631BD0C082515567663406B6D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
pronotum 
<emphasis id="D56FEDFCB14461B2F9EC308B85B0EB90" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
aedeagus 
<emphasis id="6D86C19F889873564007E8656DCEAEC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2083381DE212002A4BE2DD02514831CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">spiculum ventrale</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A576B3B35D49E2A3242F0FBDCDF05262" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
tegmen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9ECE61B72468DE093BF1F4C0FECBE528" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="12A28FF52303B7498535A14171A3D0C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D488DD998D71B009C80180125401D45" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specific name in apposition of Orahan, who was considered as the supreme god, creator of everything, by the aboriginal people of La Gomera.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84C85BAE58345EE404377A63E1AA7700" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="7F3994AC7D0F0105468772FB4CF47CC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="111132A04EECE3955BA644851888D0E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The known distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="D960F27E1A5739B78862BF543BC1EB11" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="43EB04644D2AA82CE164868E83F94D4B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is restricted to Garajonay National Park, a protected area of approximately 40 km2 located on the central mountainous region of La Gomera. This National Park includes one of the best representations of laurel forest in the Canary Islands. This type of vegetation was thought to be a relict flora from South Europe and North Africa, extinct during the Tertiary period due to the effects of glaciations and the desertification in these areas (
<bibRefCitation id="BD4C61B617848306214CDCD2BADC7413" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1992.tb00852.x" author="Cronk, QCB" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="91 - 103" refId="B7" refString="Cronk, QCB, 1992. Relict floras of Atlantic islands: patterns assessed. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 46 (1-2): 91 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1992.tb00852.x" title="Relict floras of Atlantic islands: patterns assessed." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1992.tb00852.x" volume="46" year="1992">Cronk 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="36DD84C47DE764046C3F6D6C6462837B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98467.x" author="Medail, F" journalOrPublisher="Conservation Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1510 - 1513" refId="B19" refString="Medail, F, Quezel, P, 1999. Biodiversity hotspots in the Mediterranean Basin: setting global conservation priorities. Conservation Biology 13: 1510 - 1513, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98467.x" title="Biodiversity hotspots in the Mediterranean Basin: setting global conservation priorities." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98467.x" volume="13" year="1999">
<normalizedToken id="E0D117BCB2691DB4A15DDC885917CA82" originalValue="Médail">Medail</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="DC50DF3F9D35014CF2415E651DD44948" originalValue="Quézel">Quezel</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="7C6FB3A8CDFE2A6B7DBF27A3F5B78294" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/phyto/30/2000/613" author="Nakamura, UW" journalOrPublisher="Phytocoenologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="613 - 632" refId="B21" refString="Nakamura, UW, Wildpret, W, Del Arco-Aguilar, MJ, Reyes-Betancort, JA, 2000. A phytosociological study on the Mediterranean laurel forest area of Tenerife, Canary Islands, in comparison with Japanese laurel forest landscape area of Izu, Central Japan. Phytocoenologia 30: 613 - 632, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/phyto/30/2000/613" title="A phytosociological study on the Mediterranean laurel forest area of Tenerife, Canary Islands, in comparison with Japanese laurel forest landscape area of Izu, Central Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/phyto/30/2000/613" volume="30" year="2000">Nakamura et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
), although this has been recently questioned (
<bibRefCitation id="70AF4C47A64FF90197D8A4ECF3FAD603" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132091" author="Kondraskov, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de Biospeologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B15" refString="Kondraskov, P, Schuetz, N, Schuessler, C, de Sequeira, MM, Guerra, AS, Caujape-Castells, J, Jaen-Molina, R, Marrero-Rodriguez, A, Koch, MA, Linder, P, Kovar-Eder, J, Thiv, M, 2015. Biogeography of Mediterranean Hotspot Biodiversity: Re-Evaluating the &quot;Tertiary Relict&quot; Hypothesis of Macaronesian Laurel Forests. PloS ONE 10(7): e0132091. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132091" title="Biogeography of Mediterranean Hotspot Biodiversity: Re-Evaluating the &quot; Tertiary Relict &quot; Hypothesis of Macaronesian Laurel Forests. PloS ONE 10 (7): e 0132091." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132091" year="2015">Kondraskov et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
). The laurel forest is a humid wood, in which approximately 15 broad-leaved, evergreen tree species from 10 different families form the canopy (e.g. genera 
<taxonomicName id="CC1D9824F26FD72790446C3F7728FDD8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Laurus" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="82D6F7C3497F5525947F3B2251A4D384" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="1826BDDD488CD38C9F1B3B7F96B8DB8D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ilex" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2AD4556D04DF3F3222E46E226525B9DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ilex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BA0ABE816B0E2AC19CDF516D8DCE069E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Persea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6D613EB5F909BA2548B411AB1AE03F37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Persea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="CAA67CA54FE8C30B89E7D6E5E63AD7B3" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Picconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Picconia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9C0D046E8C2AF134B949A568715CD2A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Picconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). This forest constitutes the ecosystem with the highest levels of arthropod diversity within Macaronesia (
<bibRefCitation id="08A179B28A4F588FBEE21AD783D0B82B" author="Fernandez-Palacios, JM" journalOrPublisher="Macaronesia Editorial, Santa Cruz de Tenerife" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B9" refString="Fernandez-Palacios, JM, Arevalo, JR, Balguerias, E, Barone, R, de Nascimento, L, Delgado, JD, 2017. La Laurisilva. Canaria, Madeira y Azores. Macaronesia Editorial, Santa Cruz de Tenerife" title="La Laurisilva. Canaria, Madeira y Azores." year="2017">
<normalizedToken id="BD5A00DF9B4EDC6504165360D35EDC2F" originalValue="Fernández-Palacios">Fernandez-Palacios</normalizedToken>
et al. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
). Consequently, it is an interesting habitat for the exploration of the subterranean biodiversity. For this reason, we selected two localities in the Garajonay National Park to study the subterranean fauna using two different methods.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="29E7E3400BF1D7067E857137049A33DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In Monte de Los 
<normalizedToken id="78B5276E0F2FE0355FED757196CED9C5" originalValue="Acebiños">Acebinos</normalizedToken>
we sifted leaf litter and soil under the stump of a dead laurel, and at other sites we washed soil following the first steps of the technique described by 
<bibRefCitation id="F902A89D6C99BAE1561F39238ADB35D5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12557" author="Arribas, P" journalOrPublisher="Methods in Ecology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1071 - 1081" refId="B5" refString="Arribas, P, Andujar, C, Hopkins, K, Shepherd, M, Vogler, AP, 2016. Metabarcoding and mitochondrial metagenomics of endogean arthropods to unveil the mesofauna of the soil. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 7: 1071 - 1081, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12557" title="Metabarcoding and mitochondrial metagenomics of endogean arthropods to unveil the mesofauna of the soil." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12557" volume="7" year="2016">Arribas et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. Besides one individual of 
<taxonomicName id="DB0F5B6031B737193A06C5CA7F26D19C" lsidName="O. orahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="9A983E42D45667B3FC3CB548971D81E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. collected with the first method, in this locality we found other interesting subterranean coleopteran species such as the weevils 
<taxonomicName id="4A1D66C9E810F329081BA4C0DB1CD102" authorityName="Machado" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus oromii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oromii">
<emphasis id="021B24B0BDC52B90FDDA2FB558E8DD27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laparocerus oromii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Machado, 2008 and 
<taxonomicName id="E46CF5DA15F533D6F9B9D7BBBFB9A637" baseAuthorityName="Germann &amp; Stuben" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Torneuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torneuma aphroditae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphroditae">
<emphasis id="1CDA39CDB37184A6A1F0176ED7B14FF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Torneuma aphroditae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Germann &amp; 
<normalizedToken id="A9C3421ED0133087E1C7BB8CDEC01D13" originalValue="Stüben">Stueben</normalizedToken>
, 2006), and the ground beetle 
<taxonomicName id="ADCC6D2AA13A2FCFDA09E6773ECB8A09" authorityName="Franz" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lymnastis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lymnastis gaudini subsp. gomerae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="gaudini" subSpecies="gomerae">
<emphasis id="157B3C67027966131F383261F8660F3E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lymnastis gaudini gomerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Franz, 1965.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3E9445F8AA3F1906410ACECD3421387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In 
<normalizedToken id="0B45350B65C5359AE21C29585F0275F0" originalValue="Reventón">Reventon</normalizedToken>
Oscuro we installed four subterranean traps following 
<bibRefCitation id="42E4EE04FEC485FC6A92FD4B5A371941" author="Lopez, H" journalOrPublisher="Speleobiology Notes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="7 - 11" publicationUrl="http://www.nsm.buffalo.edu/Research/SPELEOBIOLOGY_NOTES/index.php/Speleo/article/view/19" refId="B16" refString="Lopez, H, Oromi, P, 2010. A pitfall trap for sampling the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) fauna. Speleobiology Notes 2: 7 - 11, http://www.nsm.buffalo.edu/Research/SPELEOBIOLOGY_NOTES/index.php/Speleo/article/view/19" title="A pitfall trap for sampling the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) fauna." url="http://www.nsm.buffalo.edu/Research/SPELEOBIOLOGY_NOTES/index.php/Speleo/article/view/19" volume="2" year="2010">
<normalizedToken id="6468EABC8590A3C343DFFE8E3EFD298F" originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="6276479A57C883CBBC2C7751E7F14B55" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
in the MSS on a steep slope originated by colluviation at the base of rocky cliffs, but probably also increased by more recent stony debris slipping downslope during the construction of an old forest road. To install the traps, places with 100% canopy cover were selected, which render a permanent penumbra to the surface and humidity to the underground layer. This locality was especially rich in subterranean species, in which we collected the ground beetles 
<taxonomicName id="44424C8055C02DA789D806322503729D" authorityName="Bolivar y Pieltain" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudoplatyderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoplatyderus amblyops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amblyops">
<emphasis id="20A684BD11C92DBE0563E7A53B88EDA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudoplatyderus amblyops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="BAE0C2DDC2A233367FCB74F1794DE655" originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
, 1940 and 
<taxonomicName id="F138F531565585179C584E3D02CCBF87" authorityName="Franz" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lymnastis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lymnastis gaudini subsp. gomerae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="gaudini" subSpecies="gomerae">
<emphasis id="834CADBB70B429893666EF871D50FA77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lymnastis gaudini gomerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the rove beetles 
<taxonomicName id="AD2E3FA113AD5F636372B87145B39A63" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Domene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Domene jonayi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonayi">
<emphasis id="7D84AB0B12E49C57CF6FA161BB7BE9AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Domene jonayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="FC8DB282145F47ED022714E9A2D0E7EF" originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
&amp; Medina, 1990 and 
<taxonomicName id="9F535D4C407CB7DB00AAD7DF3503A0BB" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Micranops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micranops subterraneus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneus">
<emphasis id="70CD063E7882F03C08CAF56BFB9F2269" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Micranops subterraneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Frisch &amp; 
<normalizedToken id="AA86AA29EBF77EF2987D720E3D417C79" originalValue="Oromí">Oromi</normalizedToken>
, 2006, the histerid beetle 
<taxonomicName id="E7A6CA4191C40C4B5397F61DB0AA5644" baseAuthorityName="Wollaston" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Aeletes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aeletes gemmula" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gemmula">
<emphasis id="ABC31644E4AE2C01009592B75A9E77B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aeletes gemmula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wollaston, 1865), the scydmaenid 
<taxonomicName id="58E8987FB22B2E10AD6D4730B4C3FF60" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Euconnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euconnus specusus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="specusus">
<emphasis id="678B5DFD0BCCE72F8D8C706FEECE3F69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Euconnus specusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Vit, 2004, the weevils 
<taxonomicName id="0C5CE3BFC360BBB0F04246E8EE00AFF2" authorityName="Machado" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laparocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laparocerus oromii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oromii">
<emphasis id="322A88D4A4A14499BDFED9CCF68D7316" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laparocerus oromii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="DE6FA1D723D26D0CEC55ED5FE107E8B5" authorityName="Wollaston" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Torneuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torneuma orbatum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbatum">
<emphasis id="67EB58E158CDF2463DDBDC5E165C7D47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Torneuma orbatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wollaston, 1865, an undescribed woodlouse of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="88634C1D996760952A5B4C7DC6C64585" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1928" class="Malacostraca" family="Armadillidae" genus="Venezillo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Venezillo" order="Isopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A9CF4E0A7A410A6889BDFF46ABF9F77B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venezillo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the millipedes 
<taxonomicName id="D0F28627FDBE554B6EF3C37EB67AD93D" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Glomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glomeris canariensis" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canariensis">
<emphasis id="08A5A36316E0B9C114AF433519E19961" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glomeris canariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Golovatch, 1987 and 
<taxonomicName id="DEF656213A4D6C4A58876D19D3659835" authorityName="Enghoff" authorityYear="2013" class="Diplopoda" family="Nemasomatidae" genus="Thalassisobates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalassisobates emesesensis" order="Julida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emesesensis">
<emphasis id="16E419B9D50B4D019534CE8E62F9564E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thalassisobates emesesensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Enghoff, 2013.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4EABC07BD1AD44FD2FEF6D090B9F89C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
All populations of 
<taxonomicName id="0994E6D6D1866BFC1A065B89D1810AF1" authorityName="Garcia &amp; Oromi" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oromia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oromia orahan" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orahan">
<emphasis id="6B6F1C17EDB63DBDE94F9582D0CCB93B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oromia orahan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. are located inside a natural protected area, well preserved, at least at the epigean level. So we can assume that this species is under no threat at the moment. However, in recent years we have detected an alarming correlation between the increase of the non-native polydesmid millipede 
<taxonomicName id="6A8FE57F5BBF617BA014D52889B3BADA" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1858" class="Diplopoda" family="Polydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0E4CCA7F060171EE62EF06C554655268" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. in the subterranean habitats of the National Park and a considerable decrease in captures of native endogean invertebrates in subterranean traps. Specific studies on the effect of this polydesmid on the subterranean communities are necessary, to establish the real conservation status of this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>