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<document id="3F72E7BB5DC7396D0A390EF583519B20" ID-CLB-Dataset="8167" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4926.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0b1c09e-298d-497d-b6de-cd74367c983e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529512" ID-ZooBank="3ADD4A2B-A3F9-4379-A8FE-39DD867531F7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612954843127" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fitzgerald, Scott J." docDate="2021" docId="A157FD05FFAD4B57FF2FF962FCAD2555" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4926.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4926 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Penthetria distincta Hardy 1945" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="469" masterDocId="5D6E857DFFBD4B45FFB8FFBDFF98266C" masterDocTitle="Penthetria Meigen (Diptera: Bibionidae): Revision of the New World species and world catalog" masterLastPageNumber="500" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="467" updateTime="1698928650180" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2792EC9F8FEFB69EA3DDA221C67D3A2E">Penthetria Meigen (Diptera: Bibionidae): Revision of the New World species and world catalog</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="21C7795922BB36E5B0E3D413685C643A">Fitzgerald, Scott J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="28A4BE43282A1903124854B4D7025376">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9929838E0E75810A88CF32C75F316C8B">2021-02-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6A70759B3F165FCC9BFB036BD633D4BA">4926</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="483F715243B56836DB2AD84C259DDA42">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9AC51E154550DD3261EE5307D589FD76" type="CLB-Dataset">8167</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5E706487C19F4F7ACAD04AA85F6251FE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4926.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A157FD05FFAD4B57FF2FF962FCAD2555" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529516" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177422185" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529516" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A157FD05FFAD4B57FF2FF962FCAD2555" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A157FD05FFAD4B57FF2FF962FCAD2555" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<subSubSection id="61E41F98FFAD4B55FF2FF962FDBD2096" box="[151,549,1759,1786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="29414C13FFAD4B55FF2FF962FDBD2096" blockId="16.[151,549,1759,1823]" box="[151,549,1759,1786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<heading id="7209FB7FFFAD4B55FF2FF962FDBD2096" bold="true" box="[151,549,1759,1786]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="EEFE3790FFAD4B55FF2FF962FDBD2096" ID-CoL="76Q42" authority="Hardy, 1945" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1945" box="[151,549,1759,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAD4B55FF2FF962FDBD2096" bold="true" box="[151,549,1759,1786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAD4B55FF2FF962FE1D2096" bold="true" box="[151,389,1759,1786]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Penthetria distincta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4D6F31E2FFAD4B55FE34F95DFDBD2096" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[396,549,1760,1786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="367 - 547" refId="ref33819" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1945) Revision of Nearctic Bibionidae, including Neotropical Plecia and Penthetria (Diptera). Kansas University Science Bulletin, 30, 367 - 547." type="journal article" year="1945">Hardy, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61E41F98FFAD4B55FF2FF8B9FE512172" box="[151,457,1796,1823]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="description">
<paragraph id="29414C13FFAD4B55FF2FF8B9FE512172" blockId="16.[151,549,1759,1823]" box="[151,457,1796,1823]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
(
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAD4B55FF27F8B9FE802172" box="[159,280,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[390,1197,188,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-16@17.[383,1204,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. P. distincta, male terminalia. 9. Dorsal. 10. Posterior. 11. Ventral. Scale bar = ca. 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; p, paramere; t9, tergite nine; vmc, ventromedian cleft of gonocoxite; vml, ventromedian lobes of gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529526/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Figs. 9–11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAD4B55FE9CF8B9FEDB2172" box="[292,323,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–45" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,240,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-64@34.[177,1410,666,1865]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 42–45. Male terminalia, dorsal, tergite nine removed. 42. P. distincta. 43. P. dolichopeza n. sp., paratype. 44. P. appendicula. 45. P. neonigrita n. sp., paratype. Scale bar = ca. 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: dlp, divergent lobes of paramere; ea, ejaculatory apodeme; ga, gonocoxal apodeme; gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; p, paramere; vml, ventromedian lobes of gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529558/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">42</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAD4B55FEF6F8B9FEF42172" box="[334,364,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–49" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[165,1428,204,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-16@35.[156,1432,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 46–49. Female terminalia. 46. P. appendicula, dorsal. 47. P. appendicula, ventral. 48. P. distincta, ventral. 49. P. mexicana, ventral. Scale bars = ca. 0.25 mm. Abbreviations: c1, cercus 1; c2, cercus 2; s7, sternite seven; s8, sternite eight; s10, sternite ten; sp, spermatheca; t7, tergite seven; t8, tergite eight; t9, tergite nine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529560/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">48</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAD4B55FEC0F8B8FE262172" box="[376,446,1796,1823]" captionStart="MAP 1" captionStartId="39.[151,209,871,895]" captionTargetBox="[178,1419,205,824]" captionTargetId="figure-16@39.[164,1424,193,833]" captionText="MAP 1. (Mexico and Central America). Distribution of P. appendicula (black circle) and P. distincta (white circle)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546084/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Map 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61E41F98FFAD4B57FF2FF8F1FD7627E5" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="29414C13FFAD4B55FF2FF8F1FE9A219A" blockId="16.[151,1437,1868,2038]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAD4B55FF2FF8F1FED9210A" bold="true" box="[151,321,1868,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Type Material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAD4B55FEF7F8F1FA01210A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447436" box="[335,1433,1868,1895]" collectingDate="1923-06-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="E. G. Smyth" country="Guatemala" location="GUATEMALA" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAD4B55FEF7F8F1FE65210A" bold="true" box="[335,509,1868,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<typeStatus id="F645F2B1FFAD4B55FEF7F8F1FE24210A" box="[335,444,1868,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male
</emphasis>
(not examined):
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAD4B55FD05F8F1FCEC210A" bold="true" box="[701,884,1868,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<collectingCountry id="51E90C83FFAD4B55FD05F8F1FCEC210A" box="[701,884,1868,1894]" name="Guatemala" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: “Antigua,”
<date id="5D406AD3FFAD4B55FBBCF8F1FB04210A" box="[1028,1180,1868,1895]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-06-24">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAD4B55FBBCF8F1FB04210A" box="[1028,1180,1868,1895]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-06-24">24 June 1923</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAD4B55FB1FF8F1FAB3210A" box="[1191,1323,1868,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">E.G. Smyth</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAD4B55FA82F8F1FA09210A" box="[1338,1425,1868,1894]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAD4B55FF2FF8CDFA0021E6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447359" box="[151,1432,1904,1931]" collectingDate="1923-05-02" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="E. G. Smyth" country="Guatemala" location="Guatemala City" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guatemala" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAD4B55FF2FF8CDFE9721E6" bold="true" box="[151,271,1904,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<typeStatus id="F645F2B1FFAD4B55FF2FF8CDFE9721E6" box="[151,271,1904,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(examined):
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAD4B55FE1BF8CDFDC221E6" bold="true" box="[419,602,1904,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
<collectingCountry id="51E90C83FFAD4B55FE1BF8CDFDC221E6" box="[419,602,1904,1930]" name="Guatemala" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="51E90C83FFAD4B55FDD0F8CDFC8321E6" box="[616,795,1904,1930]" name="Guatemala" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="EB3A82F1FFAD4B55FC9DF8CDFC4D21E6" box="[805,981,1904,1930]" country="Guatemala" name="Guatemala" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Guatemala City</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="5D406AD3FFAD4B55FC58F8CDFBF221E6" box="[992,1130,1904,1931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-05-02">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAD4B55FC58F8CDFBF221E6" box="[992,1130,1904,1931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-05-02">2 May 1923</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAD4B55FBCCF8CDFB6221E6" box="[1140,1274,1904,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">E.G. Smyth</collectorName>
, 4M (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAD4B55FA82F8CDFA0921E6" box="[1338,1425,1904,1930]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAD4B55FF2FF829FE4A21C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447461" box="[151,466,1940,1966]" collectingDate="1923-07-20" collectionCode="USNM" country="Guatemala" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<date id="5D406AD3FFAD4B55FF2FF829FEB721C2" box="[151,303,1940,1966]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-07-20">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAD4B55FF2FF829FEB721C2" box="[151,303,1940,1966]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-07-20">20 July 1923</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1M (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAD4B55FECBF829FE5221C2" box="[371,458,1940,1966]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAD4B55FE67F828FBF421C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447518" box="[479,1132,1940,1968]" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="D. G. Eisen" country="Guatemala" location="Antiqua" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sacatepequez" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="EB3A82F1FFAD4B55FE67F828FD2121DC" box="[479,697,1941,1968]" country="Guatemala" name="Sacatepequez" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">SACATEPÉQUEZ</collectingRegion>
: “
<location id="2C211AC8FFAD4B55FD77F829FCA921C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A157FD05FFAD4B57FF2FF962FCAD2555:2C211AC8FFAD4B55FD77F829FCA921C2" box="[719,817,1940,1966]" country="Guatemala" name="Antiqua" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" stateProvince="Sacatepequez">Antiqua</location>
,”
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAD4B55FCF0F829FC5021C2" box="[840,968,1940,1966]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">D.G. Eisen</collectorName>
, 2M (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAD4B55FBB5F829FBFC21C2" box="[1037,1124,1940,1966]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAD4B55FBC1F829FDAF21BE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447306" collectingDate="1923-06-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="E. G. Smyth" country="Guatemala" location="Antiqua" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="allotype">
“
<location id="2C211AC8FFAD4B55FB3BF829FB7D21C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A157FD05FFAD4B57FF2FF962FCAD2555:2C211AC8FFAD4B55FB3BF829FB7D21C2" box="[1155,1253,1940,1966]" country="Guatemala" name="Antiqua" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Antiqua</location>
,”
<date id="5D406AD3FFAD4B55FB44F829FA0021C2" box="[1276,1432,1940,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-06-24">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAD4B55FB44F829FA0021C2" box="[1276,1432,1940,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1923-06-24">24 June 1923</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAD4B55FF2FF805FEB921BE" box="[151,289,1976,2002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">E.G. Smyth</collectorName>
, 1F (
<typeStatus id="F645F2B1FFAD4B55FED8F805FE2521BF" box="[352,445,1976,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
) (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAD4B55FE60F805FDB721BE" box="[472,559,1976,2002]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAD4B55FDFEF805FF66219A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447391" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Schaus &amp; Barnes" country="Guatemala" location="Volcan Santa Maria" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Quetzaltenango" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="EB3A82F1FFAD4B55FDFEF805FCC821BE" box="[582,848,1976,2002]" country="Guatemala" name="Quetzaltenango" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">QUETZALTENANGO</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="2C211AC8FFAD4B55FCE6F805FBDD21BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A157FD05FFAD4B57FF2FF962FCAD2555:2C211AC8FFAD4B55FCE6F805FBDD21BE" box="[862,1093,1976,2002]" country="Guatemala" name="Volcan Santa Maria" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" stateProvince="Quetzaltenango">Volcan Santa María</location>
,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAD4B55FBECF804FB1421BF" box="[1108,1164,1977,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Nov.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAD4B55FB23F805FB7221BE" box="[1179,1258,1976,2002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Schaus</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAD4B55FAAEF804FAFF21BF" box="[1302,1383,1977,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Barnes</collectorName>
, 1M (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAD4B55FF27F861FF6E219A" box="[159,246,2012,2038]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7D811C9BFFAC4B54FF2FF83CFE97218D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529526" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529526/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" startId="17.[151,264,1921,1945]" targetBox="[390,1197,188,1889]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="29414C13FFAC4B54FF2FF83CFE97218D" blockId="17.[151,1436,1921,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAC4B54FF2FF83CFEDE21F5" bold="true" box="[151,326,1921,1945]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">FIGURES 9–11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EEFE3790FFAC4B54FEF5F83FFE2521F5" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1945" box="[333,445,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAC4B54FEF5F83FFE2521F5" box="[333,445,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">P. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male terminalia. 9. Dorsal. 10. Posterior. 11. Ventral. Scale bar = ca. 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; p, paramere; t9, tergite nine; vmc, ventromedian cleft of gonocoxite; vml, ventromedian lobes of gonocoxite.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FF7FFF2BFDAF26DC" bold="true" box="[199,567,150,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Additional Material examined</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="51E90C83FFAF4B57FDF1FF2AFC9726DC" box="[585,783,150,177]" name="El Salvador" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">EL SALVADOR</collectingCountry>
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:
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: Santa Tecla, 7 14 95, P.
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:
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:
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FD32FF06FCBE26B9" box="[650,806,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Puerta Parada</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="EE06E1F6FFAF4B57FC88FF07FC1E26B9" box="[816,902,186,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" unit="m" value="1850.0">
<elevation id="A2D3AB20FFAF4B57FC88FF07FC1E26B9" box="[816,902,186,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" unit="m" value="1850.0">1850 m</elevation>
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,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FC29FF06FC6826B9" box="[913,1008,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Bosques</collectorName>
cipres, J.C.
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FBC0FF06FB4226B9" box="[1144,1242,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Schuster</collectorName>
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<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FB5CFF07FA0026B9" box="[1252,1432,186,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2012-12-15" valueMax="2012-12-22" valueMin="2012-12-15">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FB5CFF07FA0026B9" box="[1252,1432,186,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2012-12-15" valueMax="2012-12-22" valueMin="2012-12-15">15–22 XII 2012</collectingDate>
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, 1M (
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)
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)
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<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FD3EFF62FC8C2695" box="[646,788,222,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2012-12-29">29 XII 2012</collectingDate>
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–
<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FC9BFF63FC1E2695" box="[803,902,222,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2013-01-05">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FC9BFF63FC1E2695" box="[803,902,222,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2013-01-05">5 I 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1F (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAF4B57FC7AFF62FC612695" box="[962,1017,223,249]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/myie-bfyd" name="Laboratory of Fishes" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">SFC</collectionCode>
)
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<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FBB6FF62FB532695" box="[1038,1227,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2014-02-22" valueMax="2014-03-01" valueMin="2014-02-22">
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, 1F (
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)
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<quantity id="EE06E1F6FFAF4B57FF48FEBFFEDE2771" box="[240,326,258,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" unit="m" value="1850.0">
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,
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,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FC31FEBEFB842771" box="[905,1052,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">J.C. Schuster</collectorName>
, 1F (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAF4B57FBEAFEBEFB112771" box="[1106,1161,259,285]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/myie-bfyd" name="Laboratory of Fishes" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">SFC</collectionCode>
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<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FB24FEBEFAA02771" box="[1180,1336,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Puerta Parada</collectorName>
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<quantity id="EE06E1F6FFAF4B57FAFAFEBEFA002771" box="[1346,1432,259,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8399999999999999" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" unit="m" value="1840.0">
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<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FF2FFE9AFEA7272D" box="[151,319,295,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2018-07-07" valueMax="2018-07-14" valueMin="2018-07-07">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FF2FFE9AFEA7272D" box="[151,319,295,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2018-07-07" valueMax="2018-07-14" valueMin="2018-07-07">7–14 VII 2018</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FEF2FE9AFE47272D" box="[330,479,295,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">J.C. Schuster</collectorName>
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)
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,
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<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FDC7FE9AFCAD272D" box="[639,821,295,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2018-07-14" valueMax="2018-07-21" valueMin="2018-07-14">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FDC7FE9AFCAD272D" box="[639,821,295,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2018-07-14" valueMax="2018-07-21" valueMin="2018-07-14">14–21 VII 2018</collectingDate>
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, 1M (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAF4B57FCCFFE9AFC36272D" box="[887,942,295,321]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/myie-bfyd" name="Laboratory of Fishes" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">SFC</collectionCode>
)
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<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAF4B57FC79FE95FEF62709" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447457" collectingDate="1979-12-09" collectionCode="UCDC" collectorName="Momostenango" country="Guatemala" location="TOTONICAPAN" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Totonicapan">
<collectingRegion id="EB3A82F1FFAF4B57FC79FE95FB14272F" box="[961,1164,296,323]" country="Guatemala" name="Totonicapan" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">TOTONICAPÁN</collectingRegion>
:
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FB2EFE9AFADF272D" box="[1174,1351,295,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Momostenango</collectorName>
,
<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FAEBFE9AFF4A2709" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="1979-12-09">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FAEBFE9AFF4A2709" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="1979-12-09">9 Dec. 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1M (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAF4B57FEAAFEF6FEFE2709" box="[274,358,331,357]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" type="Museum">UCDC</collectionCode>
)
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;
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAF4B57FEC1FEF7FA002709" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447556" box="[377,1432,330,357]" collectingDate="1969-06-01" collectionCode="CNCI" collectorName="Crist. &amp; Casas" country="Mexico" elevation="2195" location="CHIAPAS" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiapas">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FEC1FEF7FE772708" bold="true" box="[377,495,330,356]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<collectingCountry id="51E90C83FFAF4B57FEC1FEF7FE772708" box="[377,495,330,356]" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
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:
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:
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, S.
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FCBAFEF6FCD82709" box="[770,832,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Crist.</collectorName>
las
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FCD4FEF6FC282709" box="[876,944,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Casas</collectorName>
,
<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FC02FEF6FBDC2709" box="[954,1092,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="1969-06-01">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FC02FEF6FBDC2709" box="[954,1092,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="1969-06-01">1 June 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="F0BF3404FFAF4B57FBF6FEF6FB432709" box="[1102,1243,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
, 5M, 1F (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAF4B57FAFFFEF6FA082709" box="[1351,1424,331,357]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">CNCI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="9996464EFFAF4B57FF2FFED2FD7227E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037447463" box="[151,746,367,393]" collectingDate="1969-07-22" collectionCode="CNCI" collectorName="Sn. Cristobal &amp; L. A. Kelton" country="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiapas">
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FF2FFED2FEB527E5" box="[151,301,367,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Sn. Cristobal</collectorName>
,
<date id="5D406AD3FFAF4B57FE8FFED2FE5B27E5" box="[311,451,367,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="1969-07-22">
<collectingDate id="4D04933BFFAF4B57FE8FFED2FE5B27E5" box="[311,451,367,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="1969-07-22">22.VII.1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="840B29C5FFAF4B57FE76FED2FDC027E5" box="[462,600,367,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">L.A. Kelton</collectorName>
, 1M (
<collectionCode id="4FEFD4D6FFAF4B57FD21FED2FD7A27E5" box="[665,738,367,393]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">CNCI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61E41F98FFAF4B57FF7FFE2FFE1824C5" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="29414C13FFAF4B57FF7FFE2FFE1824C5" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FF7FFE2FFEA227C0" bold="true" box="[199,314,402,428]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Males of
<taxonomicName id="EEFE3790FFAF4B57FE17FE2EFDB227C1" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1945" box="[431,554,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FE17FE2EFDB227C1" box="[431,554,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">P. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all New World congeners by the following combination of characters: tergite nine with posteromedial emargination deep (nearly subdividing the tergite) (
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAF4B57FAAEFE0AFAC227BD" box="[1302,1370,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[390,1197,188,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-16@17.[383,1204,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. P. distincta, male terminalia. 9. Dorsal. 10. Posterior. 11. Ventral. Scale bar = ca. 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; p, paramere; t9, tergite nine; vmc, ventromedian cleft of gonocoxite; vml, ventromedian lobes of gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529526/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) with the apices of the resulting lobes truncate and shelf-like (best observed in posterior view) (
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAF4B57FB2AFE66FB7E2799" box="[1170,1254,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[390,1197,188,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-16@17.[383,1204,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. P. distincta, male terminalia. 9. Dorsal. 10. Posterior. 11. Ventral. Scale bar = ca. 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; p, paramere; t9, tergite nine; vmc, ventromedian cleft of gonocoxite; vml, ventromedian lobes of gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529526/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
), posteroventral edge of tergite nine with a field of densely-set, short, black, spine-like setae, which contrast the typical setae on the remainder of the tergite (difficult to see in undissected specimens), gonostylus shining, basally with long hairs, but more distally with only very minute and spare hairs, slender and apically coming to a narrowly rounded point (
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAF4B57FADCFDFAFF4924E9" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[390,1197,188,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-16@17.[383,1204,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. P. distincta, male terminalia. 9. Dorsal. 10. Posterior. 11. Ventral. Scale bar = ca. 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; p, paramere; t9, tergite nine; vmc, ventromedian cleft of gonocoxite; vml, ventromedian lobes of gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529526/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Figs. 9–11</figureCitation>
), ventromedial lobes of gonocoxite absent to very weakly developed (
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAF4B57FC5AFDD6FBAB24E9" box="[994,1075,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[390,1197,188,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-16@17.[383,1204,181,1896]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. P. distincta, male terminalia. 9. Dorsal. 10. Posterior. 11. Ventral. Scale bar = ca. 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; p, paramere; t9, tergite nine; vmc, ventromedian cleft of gonocoxite; vml, ventromedian lobes of gonocoxite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529526/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
), and R
<subScript id="B57A4E56FFAF4B57FB33FDC0FB3C24E7" attach="left" box="[1163,1188,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">2+3</subScript>
often with a basal appendix (as in
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAF4B57FE97FD32FEEB24C5" box="[303,371,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–3" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[218,1372,186,1488]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[212,1376,181,1494]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 2–3. P. appendicula. 2. Wing. 3. Female habitus, lateral view. Scale bars = ca. 1.0 mm. Abbreviations: ba, basal appendix of R2+3; aem, anepimeron; aes, anepisternum; c, coxa; f, femur; h, halter; hb, hind basitarsus; kem, katepimeron; kes, katepisternum; m, meron; mtaes, metanepisternum; mtg, mediotergite; mtkes, metakatepisternum; ltg, laterotergite; pltrch, pleu- rotrochantin; prn, pronotum; sct, scutum; t, trochanter." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529518/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61E41F98FFAF4B57FF7FFD0EFCAD2555" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="29414C13FFAF4B57FF7FFD0EFBF1249D" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FF7FFD0EFEAC24A1" bold="true" box="[199,308,691,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="EEFE3790FFAF4B57FEFBFD0EFE5824A1" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1945" box="[323,448,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FEFBFD0EFE5824A1" box="[323,448,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">P. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a fairly large species with male wing 7.0–9.5 mm (n=4) and female wing 12.0–12.5 mm (n=2) and is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="EEFE3790FFAF4B57FDBFFD6AFD35249D" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1945" box="[519,685,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="appendicula">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FDBFFD6AFD35249D" box="[519,685,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">P. appendicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see “Remarks” under
<taxonomicName id="EEFE3790FFAF4B57FC0AFD6AFBC0249D" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1945" box="[946,1112,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="appendicula">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FC0AFD6AFBC0249D" box="[946,1112,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">P. appendicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="29414C13FFAF4B57FF7FFD47FCAD2555" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="1B8A9001FFAF4B57FF7FFD47FD1C2578" bold="true" box="[199,644,762,788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Geographic &amp; Seasonal Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="51E90C83FFAF4B57FD2EFD46FC972579" box="[662,783,763,789]" name="Guatemala" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="51E90C83FFAF4B57FCF5FD46FC3B2579" box="[845,931,763,789]" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="B1C55096FFAF4B57FC0CFD46FB992579" box="[948,1025,763,789]" captionStart="MAP 1" captionStartId="39.[151,209,871,895]" captionTargetBox="[178,1419,205,824]" captionTargetId="figure-16@39.[164,1424,193,833]" captionText="MAP 1. (Mexico and Central America). Distribution of P. appendicula (black circle) and P. distincta (white circle)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546084/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Map 1</figureCitation>
); additional Guatemalan records in
<bibRefCitation id="4D6F31E2FFAF4B57FF2FFCA2FEAB2555" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[151,307,798,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" pagination="367 - 547" refId="ref33819" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1945) Revision of Nearctic Bibionidae, including Neotropical Plecia and Penthetria (Diptera). Kansas University Science Bulletin, 30, 367 - 547." type="journal article" year="1945">Hardy (1945)</bibRefCitation>
. Seasonal distribution summarized in
<tableCitation id="647C79A8FFAF4B57FD64FCA2FCB72555" box="[732,815,799,825]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="34.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of adult flight period (grey boxes indicate specimens collected during these months); Malaise trap data including more than one month have been excluded." pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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