treatments-xml/data/C0/72/7D/C0727D4FD802797915514AADC1B2F9D2.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978" ID-GBIF-Dataset="08c99b89-d2ca-4969-9bba-b6a389ea5c36" ID-PMC="PMC5804121" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049--15" ID-PubMed="29559824" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-4049--15" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys " ModsDocTitle="An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C.epithecioides sp. nov." checkinTime="1553125638151" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kusan, Ivana, Matocec, Neven, Jadan, Margita, Tkalcec, Zdenko &amp; Mesic, Armin" docDate="2018" docId="C0727D4FD802797915514AADC1B2F9D2" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 29: 15-47" docOrigin="MycoKeys 29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978" docTitle="Coprotus sexdecimsporus Kimbr. &amp; Korf, American Journal of Botany 54 (1): 22 1967" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="2D364A5F2060FFC6D4112076FFC7596F" masterDocTitle="An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C. epithecioides sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1668135889705" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>An overview of the genus Coprotus (Pezizales, Ascomycota) with notes on the type species and description of C. epithecioides sp. nov.</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kusan, Ivana</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Matocec, Neven</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jadan, Margita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tkalcec, Zdenko</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mesic, Armin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>29</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.29.22978</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049--15</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154474080" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0727D4FD802797915514AADC1B2F9D2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0727D4FD802797915514AADC1B2F9D2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName authority="(P. Crouan &amp; H. Crouan) Kimbr. &amp; Korf, American Journal of Botany 54 (1): 22, 1967." class="Leotiomycetes" family="Thelebolaceae" genus="Coprotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Coprotus sexdecimsporus" order="Thelebolales" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sexdecimsporus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="21" start="start">Coprotus</pageBreakToken>
sexdecimsporus (P. Crouan &amp; H. Crouan) Kimbr. &amp; Korf, American Journal of Botany 54(1): 22, 1967.
</taxonomicName>
Fig. 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
≡ 
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Thelebolaceae" genus="Ascobolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ascobolus sexdecimsporus" order="Thelebolales" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sexdecimsporus">Ascobolus sexdecimsporus</taxonomicName>
P. Crouan &amp; H. Crouan, Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique ser. 4., 10: 195, 1858.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
≡ 
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Thelebolaceae" genus="Ascophanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ascophanus sexdecimsporus" order="Thelebolales" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sexdecimsporus">Ascophanus sexdecimsporus</taxonomicName>
(P. Crouan &amp; H. Crouan) Boud., Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique ser. 5., 10: 247, 1869.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
≡ 
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Thelebolaceae" genus="Ryparobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ryparobius sexdecimsporus" order="Thelebolales" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sexdecimsporus">Ryparobius sexdecimsporus</taxonomicName>
(P. Crouan &amp; H. Crouan) Sacc., Sylloge Fungorum 8: 541, 1889.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName genus="Apothecia" lsidName="Apothecia" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">Apothecia</taxonomicName>
not confluent, circular from the top view, at first globular, then flattened-turbinate and finally lenticular from the side view, sessile, evenly hyaline to creamy white or translucent pale greyish-rosy (if subjected to strong insolation), glabrous, *0.1-0.5 mm in diameter, solitary to gregarious. 
<taxonomicName genus="Hymenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hymenium" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">Hymenium</taxonomicName>
granulose due to the protrusion of living mature asci, concolorous with excipular surface, matte. Margin rounded in vertical median section, entire, smooth, not raised above hymenial plane. Outer surface smooth, concolorous with the hymenium. Subicular hyphae indistinguishable. 
<taxonomicName genus="Hymenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hymenium" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">Hymenium</taxonomicName>
*95-140 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick. Asci clavate with truncate apex, *84-143 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
21.4-29.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, †89-104 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
16.4-23.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, *Q = 4.1-5.6, significantly shorter and more clavate at the marginal rim, when mature *protruding above hymenium up to 26 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, pars sporifera*47.3-63.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, 16-spored, hyaline, base attenuated, bifurcate, arising from perforated croziers, only fully mature asci with flat lentiform operculum clearly delimited prior the spore discharge, *6.6-8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diam. and *0.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, lateral wall 3-layered, *0.7-0.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, after spore discharge operculum as a rule clearly visible; in IKI inamyloid; in CR outermost wall vividly rutile-red throughout the ascal length, median layer pale rutile-yellow, innermost layer greyish; in CB cyanophobic. 
<taxonomicName genus="Ascospores" lsidName="Ascospores" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">Ascospores</taxonomicName>
*10.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–11.7–">-11.7-</normalizedToken>
13.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–7.9–">-7.9-</normalizedToken>
8.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, *Q = 1.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.7–">-1.7-</normalizedToken>
1.7, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid and most often radially symmetrical, with rounded-obtuse poles, rarely slightly bilaterally symmetrical with one side somewhat less convex but never flattened, 1-celled, hyaline; in living asci bi- to triseriate; when freshly ejected remain in a single group for a while due to the delicate sticky sheath enveloping individual spores; surface smooth; wall 3-layered, 0.6-0.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, perispore dull, epispore brightly refractive, endospore layer with pale greyish-isabelline refractivity; in IKI no notable differential stainings; eguttulate, uninucleate, nucleus 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
centrally to unipolarly positioned, 2.7-3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, in CRB nucleus and sheath more contrasted, perispore dull deep bluish-violet/deep cyan, epispore CRB-, endospore purplish lilac/medium violet; after applying KOH spore sheath dissolves instantly, all structures discoloured, perispore not loosening, endospore layer purplish-rosaceous; in CR perispore dull, not stained as epispore, but endospore lilac reddish; in AC completely devoid of staining; in CB de Bary bubbles present only in mature spores, perispore not loosening, weakly cyanophilic. Paraphyses cylindric, apically obtuse to subclavate, always slighty bent to uncinate, densely septate, rarely simple but often richly branched in the upper part; apically producing abundant medium to strongly refractive golden-yellow to cinnamon-yellow granular exudate, in IKI copper orange, in CRB dark grey blue, after applying KOH rubis red-grey; apical cells *6.9-16.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, †1.4-2.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, wall thin and hyaline, cells in the upper half contain minute medium to strongly refractive hyaline globules *0.2-1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide or in pigmented apothecia with beer-yellow to beer-orange scattered dotted granules which are in IKI greyish green, in CRB deep purplish-lilac to deep violet; in CB wall cyanophobic, cytoplasm weakly cyanophilic. 
<taxonomicName genus="Subhymenium" lsidName="Subhymenium" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">Subhymenium</taxonomicName>
only slightly differentiated from medullary excipulum, *12-19 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, composed of hyaline textura globulosa-angularis, cells *3.8-7.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide. 
<taxonomicName genus="Medullary" lsidName="Medullary excipulum" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="excipulum">Medullary excipulum</taxonomicName>
hyaline, in the middle flank *12-22 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, composed of textura porrecta, cells runing parallel to the surface, *1.4-4.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide. Margin subhyaline, fairly reduced to a thin cellular zone *9.6-11.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick at 
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
of hymenium height, composed of small celled textura angularis 1-2 cell thick, cells clavate or elongated angular, 2.4-8.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, marginal rim composed of prismatic terminal cells which do not protrude above hymenium; in CB cell walls strongly cyanophilic. Ectal excipulum hyaline, in the middle flank *48-56 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, composed of textura globulosa, cells *7.2-16 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, walls yellowish; in IKI some cells with visible moderate accumulations of glycogene; in CB cell walls slightly cyanophilic; in AC cell walls and cytoplasm deeply lilac. Overall excipulum devoid of crystalline matter, without colouring in KOH, in IKI completely inamyloid. Anamorph not found.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
Figure 3. 
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Thelebolaceae" genus="Coprotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Coprotus sexdecimsporus" order="Thelebolales" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sexdecimsporus">Coprotus sexdecimsporus</taxonomicName>
. a Fresh apothecia on 
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Equidae" genus="Equus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Equus asinus" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asinus">Equus asinus</taxonomicName>
dung b Cross section with immature asci, paraphyses and marginal cells c, d Asci protruding above hymenium e Ascus with ascogenous cells f Paraphyses g Freshly ejected ascospore with a sheath h Mature ascospores i 16-spored freshly ejected packet of ascospores j Marginal cells from side view k Ectal excipulum cells in top view l Fresh apothecia on 
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepus europaeus" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus">Lepus europaeus</taxonomicName>
dung m Freshly ejected ascospores held together with a sheath n Ascus with ascogenous cells o Paraphyses with granular pigment and copious exudate p Excipular and marginal tissue. b, c, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="e–g">e-g</normalizedToken>
, i, m-p*tap water d, h*IKIj, k† 
<normalizedToken originalValue="CBa–i">CBa-i</normalizedToken>
from CNF 2/8394 
<normalizedToken originalValue="j–p">j-p</normalizedToken>
from CNF 2/8942. Scale bars: a, l 1 mm, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="b–k">b-k</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="m–o">m-o</normalizedToken>
10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, p 20 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
; del. N. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matočec">Matocec</normalizedToken>
, phot. N. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matočec">Matocec</normalizedToken>
&amp; I. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kušan">Kusan</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">The species has a cosmopolitan distribution and can be found on dung of various wild and domestic animals, mainly herbivores (especially ruminant animals and rodents). In the temperate zone it is distributed in the habitats from maritime to alpine zones.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
CROATIA. Zadar County, Island of Dugi Otok, Velo jezero area, 5 km W from Sali, 
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.941">43°56.46'N</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="15.1">15°06.00'E</geoCoordinate>
, 5 m a.s.l., on dung of 
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Equidae" genus="Equus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Equus asinus" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asinus">Equus asinus</taxonomicName>
, 1 Jun 1998, N. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matočec">Matocec</normalizedToken>
(CNF 2/3806); Split-Dalmatia County, Island of Vela 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Palagruža">Palagruza</normalizedToken>
, 70 m E-NE from the lighthouse, 
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="42.393">42°23.58'N</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="16.256332">16°15.38'E</geoCoordinate>
, 60 m a.s.l., on dung of 
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Equidae" genus="Equus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Equus asinus" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asinus">Equus asinus</taxonomicName>
, 29 Mar 1999, N. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matočec">Matocec</normalizedToken>
(CNF 2/4200); Dubrovnik-Neretva County, Koprendol area, 7.5 km N-NE from 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Metković">Metkovic</normalizedToken>
, 
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="42.988335">42°59.30'N</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="17.624">17°37.44'E</geoCoordinate>
, 130 m a.s.l., on dung of 
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Ovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovis aries" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aries">Ovis aries</taxonomicName>
, 5 Mar 2001, N. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matočec">Matocec</normalizedToken>
(CNF 2/4928); Dubrovnik-Neretva County, Peninsula Prevlaka (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Oštra">Ostra</normalizedToken>
), 4.8 km N-NW from Vitaljina, 
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="42.403667">42°24.22'N</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="18.508833">18°30.53'E</geoCoordinate>
, 25 m a.s.l., on dung of 
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Equidae" genus="Equus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Equus asinus" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asinus">Equus asinus</taxonomicName>
, 31 Dec 2009, I. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kušan">Kusan</normalizedToken>
and N. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matočec">Matocec</normalizedToken>
(CNF 2/8394); Lika-Senj County, Sjeverni Velebit National Park, northern part of the Mt. Velebit, 280 m SW from the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vučjak">Vucjak</normalizedToken>
peak (1644 m), 
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="44.813835">44°48.83'N</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="14.974334">14°58.46'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1550 m a.s.l.; on dung of 
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepus europaeus" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus">Lepus europaeus</taxonomicName>
, 11 Jun 2011, N. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matočec">Matocec</normalizedToken>
and I. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kušan">Kusan</normalizedToken>
(CNF 2/8942).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation author="De Sloover, JR" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" pagination="649 - 656" title="Coprotusarduennensis, a new species of coprophilous discomycetes (Pezizales, Ascomycota)." volume="17" year="2002">De Sloover (2002)</bibRefCitation>
summarises the data on the distribution of pigments in microscopic elements in the 
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Thelebolaceae" genus="Coprotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Coprotus" order="Thelebolales" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Coprotus</taxonomicName>
species described up to that time. His overview suggests that paraphyses are not the only cause of the overall apothecial pigmentation. However, our detailed study on living material of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sexdecimsporus" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="sexdecimsporus">C. sexdecimsporus</taxonomicName>
over a period of two months clearly showed that cytoplasmic pigments in the paraphyses develop with exposure to light. These observations used apothecia on original substrate and were carried out under controlled conditions. The pigments developed under sunlight or artificial light with a sufficient amount of the ultraviolet wave-length. On the other hand, pigmentation was completely absent if apothecia were grown continually under dark or low-light conditions. There is considerable variability in ascospore dimensions given in the literature. Although it seems that ascospore length may vary regardless of any presently visible cause, 
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="22" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
ascospore diameter seems to be smaller in material from the Southern Europe / Mediterranean region. Accordingly, material from Italy (
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Doveri 2004</bibRefCitation>
) and Tunisia (
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Häffner">Haeffner</normalizedToken>
1996
</bibRefCitation>
), almost completely overlap with our studied material from the East Adriatic region. These are in the range of ascospore widths from 6.9-8.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Specimens from the European Atlantic (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Crouan’s">Crouan's</normalizedToken>
material restudied by Le Gal, 1960), Norway (Aas, 1983) and both Americas (
<bibRefCitation author="Kimbrough, JW" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Botany" pageId="21" pageNumber="36" pagination="957 - 971" title="North American species of Coprotus (Thelebolaceae: Pezizales)." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/b72-116" volume="50" year="1972">Kimbrough et al. 1972</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Dokmetzian, DA" journalOrPublisher="Hickenia" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" pagination="243 - 252" title="Six species of the genus Coprotus (Pyronemataceae) from Argentina studied in culture." volume="3" year="2005">Dokmetzian et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
) have spores with greater spore widths, ranging from 7.5-10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. These differences might point to some ecological-geographical causes. The type material is missing according to 
<bibRefCitation author="Kimbrough, JW" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Botany" pageId="21" pageNumber="36" pagination="957 - 971" title="North American species of Coprotus (Thelebolaceae: Pezizales)." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/b72-116" volume="50" year="1972">Kimbrough et al. (1972)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>