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<mods:title id="F5404F012D61A9A4412117F14705DDF4">How complex is the Naineris setosa species complex? First integrative study of a presumed cosmopolitan and invasive annelid (Sedentaria: Orbiniidae)</mods:title>
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<figureCitation id="136B9388FFDAFFEFFF21F9BB9A54F9C7" box="[159,272,1608,1634]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 9" captionStart-1="FIGURE 10" captionStart-2="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionStartId-1="20.[151,250,1460,1484]" captionStartId-2="22.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetId-0="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@20.[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@21.[151,1436,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="20" captionTargetPageId-2="21" captionText-0="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." captionText-1="FIGURE 10. Naineris lanai sp. n. topotype specimen examined under SEM, A–B, MNRJP 007721; C–D, MNRJP 007722: (A) Cilia in the everted proboscis, ventral view; (B) Dorsal organ in thoracic segment; (C) Furcate chaetae in abdominal segment, lateral view; (D) Cilia in dorsal crest. cc—crenulated capillaries, ci—cilia, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organ, fc—furcate chaetae, pb—proboscis, NoL—notopodial lobe. Scale bars; (A): 50 mm; (B): 500 μm; (C): 20 μm; (D): 100 μm." captionText-2="FIGURE 11. Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of Naineris lanai sp. n.: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10199909" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10199909/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Figs 9–11</figureCitation>
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. 
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<emphasis id="B924531FFFDAFFEFFBDAF8D39ED8F89F" bold="true" box="[1124,1436,1823,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFDAFFEFFBDAF8D39E56F89F" box="[1124,1298,1824,1850]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="628EF781FFDAFFEFFAA0F8EC9ED3F89F" box="[1310,1431,1823,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Itacuruçá</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFF29F8B69A14F8FA" box="[151,336,1860,1887]" collectionCode="MNRJP" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">MNRJP 007655</specimenCode>
(
<typeStatus id="54EB31AFFFDAFFEFFEDCF8B79A83F8FB" box="[354,455,1860,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, DNA voucher Ns36)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFD67F8B69E4FF8FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605322" box="[729,1291,1860,1887]" collectionCode="MNRJP" country="Brazil" county="Itacuruca" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="MNRJP 007656" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFD67F8B698D5F8FA" box="[729,913,1860,1887]" collectionCode="MNRJP" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">MNRJP 007656</specimenCode>
(
<typeStatus id="54EB31AFFFDAFFEFFC1AF8B79F4DF8FB" box="[932,1033,1860,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, DNA voucher Ns38)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFAA4F8B7984BF827" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605313" collectionCode="MNRJP" country="Brazil" county="Araca" location="Araca" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="MNRJP 007654" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDAFFEFFAA4F8B79BADF827" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFDAFFEFFAA4F8B79ED3F8FB" box="[1306,1431,1860,1886]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="628EF781FFDAFFEFFF29F8949BA0F827" box="[151,228,1895,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Araçá</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFF4FF89A9AE1F826" box="[241,421,1896,1923]" collectionCode="MNRJP" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">MNRJP 007654</specimenCode>
(
<typeStatus id="54EB31AFFFDAFFEFFE0AF89B995DF827" box="[436,537,1896,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, DNA voucher Ns28)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFCA5F89B9F8FF827" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605314" box="[795,1227,1896,1923]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" country="Brazil" county="Ilhabela" location="Ilhabela" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="ZUEC-POL 16999" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDAFFEFFCA5F89B9839F827" bold="true" box="[795,893,1896,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<collectingCounty id="628EF781FFDAFFEFFCA5F89B9839F827" box="[795,893,1896,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Ilhabela</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFC32F89B9F1BF827" box="[908,1119,1896,1922]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">ZUEC-POL 16999</specimenCode>
(2 spms)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFB69F89B9BB4F803" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605323" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" country="Brazil" county="Ilhabela" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="ZUEC-POL 2756" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFB69F89B9ED8F826" box="[1239,1436,1896,1923]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">ZUEC-POL 2756</specimenCode>
(1 spm)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFF44F87F99A6F803" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605315" box="[250,738,1932,1959]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" country="Brazil" county="Caraguatatuba" location="Caraguatatuba" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="ZUEC-POL 3780" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDAFFEFFF44F87F9AF4F803" bold="true" box="[250,432,1932,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<collectingCounty id="628EF781FFDAFFEFFF44F87F9AF4F803" box="[250,432,1932,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Caraguatatuba</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFE00F87F99C7F803" box="[446,643,1932,1958]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">ZUEC-POL 3780</specimenCode>
(1 spm)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFD53F87F9F54F803" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605306" box="[749,1040,1932,1958]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" country="Brazil" county="Caraguatatuba" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="ZUEC-POL 3784" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFD53F87F98F5F803" box="[749,945,1932,1958]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">ZUEC-POL 3784</specimenCode>
(1 spm)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFBA5F87F9E7BF803" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605305" box="[1051,1343,1932,1958]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" country="Brazil" county="Caraguatatuba" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="ZUEC-POL 3786" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFBA5F87F9FA4F803" box="[1051,1248,1932,1958]" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">ZUEC-POL 3786</specimenCode>
(1 spm)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFAF4F87F9A2FF86F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605302" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" country="Brazil" county="Caraguatatuba" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="ZUEC-POL 3771" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFAF4F87F9A4EF86F" collectionCode="ZUEC-POL" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">ZUEC-POL 3771</specimenCode>
(1 spm)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFDAFFEFFECBF843986FF86F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605310" box="[373,811,1968,1995]" collectionCode="MNRJP" country="Brazil" county="Praia do Saco" location="Praia do Saco" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCode="MNRJP 1909" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sergipe" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDAFFEFFECBF84399C8F86F" bold="true" box="[373,652,1968,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFDAFFEFFECBF8439A95F86F" box="[373,465,1968,1994]" country="Brazil" name="Sergipe" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Sergipe</collectingRegion>
. 
<collectingCounty id="628EF781FFDAFFEFFE60F84399C2F86F" box="[478,646,1968,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Praia do Saco</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBF62776FFDAFFEFFD2DF842986FF86F" box="[659,811,1968,1995]" collectionCode="MNRJP" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">MNRJP 1909</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
(1 spm).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2FDF85FFDBFFEEFF28FCC59AC0FC19" ID-Table-UUID="DF2FDF85FFDBFFEEFF28FCC59AC0FC19" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2FDF85FFDBFFEEFF28FCC59AC0FC19" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" startId="17.[150,238,822,848]" targetBox="[162,1968,971,1366]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="17" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDBFFEEFF28FCC59CB0FCF5" blockId="17.[150,2037,822,956]" box="[150,2036,822,848]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFF28FCC59A4CFCF5" bold="true" box="[150,264,822,848]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
Measurements and morphological variation in different populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDBFFEEFC49FCC59FDFFCF5" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1015,1179,822,848]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFC49FCC59FDFFCF5" box="[1015,1179,822,848]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Naineris setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDBFFEEFB1EFCC59F93FCF5" box="[1184,1239,822,848]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDBFFEEFAB6FCC59EE4FCF5" authority="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva, 2023" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[1288,1440,822,848]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFAB6FCC59EE4FCF5" box="[1288,1440,822,848]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Naineris lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDBFFEEFA1BFCC59E99FCF5" box="[1445,1501,822,848]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from its type locality (Means+/-standard deviation
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDBFFEEFF28FCA99CB1FCD1" blockId="17.[150,2037,822,956]" box="[150,2037,858,884]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">(minimum-maximum)). Th. ch.—thoracic chaetigers, Width—width at chaetiger 50, Bq. start—chaetiger where branchiae first appear, Bq. length—branchial length at chaetiger</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDBFFEEFF28FC8D9AC0FC19" blockId="17.[150,2037,822,956]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">50, DO start—chaetiger where dorsal organs first appear, DC length—dorsal crest length at chaetiger 50, NoL—Notopodial lobe length at chaetiger 50, NeL—Neuropodial lobe length at chaetiger 50.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDBFFEEFF1CFC389CD3FAF3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<table id="F9507DADFFDB0000FF1CFC389CF4FAF3" box="[162,1968,971,1366]" gridcols="10" gridrows="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<tr id="35608D4FFFDB0000FF1CFC389CF4FBA5" box="[162,1968,971,1024]" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FF1CFC389A77FBA5" box="[162,307,971,1024]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFF1CFC389BA9FC46" bold="true" box="[162,237,971,995]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FEE8FC389AA6FBA5" box="[342,482,971,1024]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFEE8FC389AEEFC46" bold="true" box="[342,426,971,995]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Locality</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FDBFFC389935FBA5" box="[513,625,971,1024]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFDBFFC38990DFC46" bold="true" box="[513,585,971,995]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Th. ch.</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FD05FC38986FFBA5" box="[699,811,971,1024]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFD05FC3899B7FBA5" bold="true" box="[699,764,971,1024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Width (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FCCBFC3898A7FBA5" box="[885,995,971,1024]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFCCBFC38988AFC46" bold="true" box="[885,974,971,995]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Bq. start</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB97FC389F95FBA5" box="[1065,1233,971,1024]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFB97FC389F95FC46" bold="true" box="[1065,1233,971,995]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Bq. length (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB49FC389E1FFBA5" box="[1271,1371,971,1024]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFB49FC389E15FC46" bold="true" box="[1271,1361,971,995]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">DO start</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FA21FC389D17FBA5" box="[1439,1619,971,1024]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFA21FC389D02FC46" bold="true" box="[1439,1606,971,995]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">DC length (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000F9C3FC389DABFBA5" box="[1661,1775,971,1024]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEF9C3FC389DF1FBA5" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">NoL length (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000F881FC389CF4FBA5" box="[1855,1968,971,1024]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEF881FC389C33FBA5" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">NeL length (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35608D4FFFDB0000FF1CFBFC9CF4FBE1" box="[162,1968,1039,1092]" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FF1CFBFC9A77FBE1" box="[162,307,1039,1092]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDBFFEEFF1CFBFC9BBEFB83" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[162,250,1039,1062]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFF1CFBFC9BBEFB83" box="[162,250,1039,1062]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">N. setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDBFFEEFEBEFBFC9A77FB83" box="[256,307,1039,1062]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FEE8FBFC9AA6FBE1" box="[342,482,1039,1092]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Pernambuco</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FDBFFBFC9935FBE1" box="[513,625,1039,1092]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">22.2+/-1.03 (21–24)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FD05FBFC986FFBE1" box="[699,811,1039,1092]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">1.78+/-0.3 (1.4–2.2)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FCCBFBFC98A7FBE1" box="[885,995,1039,1092]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">6+/-0 (6–6)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB97FBFC9F95FBE1" box="[1065,1233,1039,1092]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">1.0+/-0.16 (0.7– 1.2)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB49FBFC9E1FFBE1" box="[1271,1371,1039,1092]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">8.7+/-0.82 (8–10)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FA21FBFC9D17FBE1" box="[1439,1619,1039,1092]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.16+/-0.04 (0.1– 0.2)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F9C3FBFC9DABFBE1" box="[1661,1775,1039,1092]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.76+/-0.13 (0.6–1.0)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F881FBFC9CF4FBE1" box="[1855,1968,1039,1092]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.29+/-0.07 (0.2–0.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35608D4FFFDB0000FF1CFBA79CF4FB2D" box="[162,1968,1108,1160]" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FF1CFBA79A77FB2D" box="[162,307,1108,1160]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDBFFEEFF1CFBA79BBEFBCE" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[162,250,1108,1131]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFF1CFBA79BBEFBCE" box="[162,250,1108,1131]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">N. setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDBFFEEFEBEFBA79A77FBCE" box="[256,307,1108,1131]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FEE8FBA79AA6FB2D" box="[342,482,1108,1160]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Bahia</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FDBFFBA79935FB2D" box="[513,625,1108,1160]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">22.4+/-0.96 (21–24)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FD05FBA7986FFB2D" box="[699,811,1108,1160]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">2.33+/-0.45 (2.0–3.4)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FCCBFBA798A7FB2D" box="[885,995,1108,1160]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">6+/-0 (6–6)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB97FBA79F95FB2D" box="[1065,1233,1108,1160]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">1.36+/-0.16 (1.1–1.5)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB49FBA79E1FFB2D" box="[1271,1371,1108,1160]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">8.7+/-0.82 (8–10)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FA21FBA79D17FB2D" box="[1439,1619,1108,1160]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.15+/-0.03 (0.1– 0.2)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F9C3FBA79DABFB2D" box="[1661,1775,1108,1160]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.83+/-0.13 (0.7–1.1)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F881FBA79CF4FB2D" box="[1855,1968,1108,1160]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.41+/-0.07 (0.3–0.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35608D4FFFDB0000FF1CFB6A9CF4FB68" box="[162,1968,1177,1229]" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FF1CFB6A9A77FB68" box="[162,307,1177,1229]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDBFFEEFF1CFB6A9BBEFB15" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[162,250,1177,1200]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFF1CFB6A9BBEFB15" box="[162,250,1177,1200]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">N. setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDBFFEEFEBEFB6A9A77FB15" box="[256,307,1177,1200]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FEE8FB6A9AA6FB68" box="[342,482,1177,1229]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Cabo Frio</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FDBFFB6A9935FB68" box="[513,625,1177,1229]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">23.5+/-1.35 (21–25)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FD05FB6A986FFB68" box="[699,811,1177,1229]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">2.25+/-0.29 (1.6–2.6)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FCCBFB6A98A7FB68" box="[885,995,1177,1229]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">6+/-0 (6–6)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB97FB6A9F95FB68" box="[1065,1233,1177,1229]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">1.28+/-0.3 (0.8– 1.6)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB49FB6A9E1FFB68" box="[1271,1371,1177,1229]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">8.9+/-1.1 (7–11)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FA21FB6A9D17FB68" box="[1439,1619,1177,1229]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.15+/-0.07 (0.05– 0.25)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F9C3FB6A9DABFB68" box="[1661,1775,1177,1229]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.78+/-0.15 (0.6–1.1)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F881FB6A9CF4FB68" box="[1855,1968,1177,1229]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.38+/-0.08 (0.3–0.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35608D4FFFDB0000FF1CFB2E9CF4FAB7" box="[162,1968,1245,1298]" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FF1CFB2E9A77FAB7" box="[162,307,1245,1298]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDBFFEEFF1CFB2E9BBEFB51" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[162,250,1245,1268]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFF1CFB2E9BBEFB51" box="[162,250,1245,1268]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">N. setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDBFFEEFEBEFB2E9A77FB51" box="[256,307,1245,1268]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FEE8FB2E9AA6FAB7" box="[342,482,1245,1298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Santa Catarina</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FDBFFB2E9935FAB7" box="[513,625,1245,1298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">20.1+/-1.45 (18–23)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FD05FB2E986FFAB7" box="[699,811,1245,1298]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">1.26+/-0.33 (0.7–1.8)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FCCBFB2E98A7FAB7" box="[885,995,1245,1298]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">6+/-0 (6–6)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB97FB2E9F95FAB7" box="[1065,1233,1245,1298]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.9+/-0.12 (0.7– 1.1)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB49FB2E9E1FFAB7" box="[1271,1371,1245,1298]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">8.1+/-1.28 (7–10)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FA21FB2E9D17FAB7" box="[1439,1619,1245,1298]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.11+/-0.02 (0.1– 0.15)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F9C3FB2E9DABFAB7" box="[1661,1775,1245,1298]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.68+/-0.17 (0.5–1.1)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F881FB2E9CF4FAB7" box="[1855,1968,1245,1298]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.27+/-0.06 (0.2–0.35)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35608D4FFFDB0000FF1CFAD19CF4FAF3" box="[162,1968,1314,1366]" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<th id="76B1E433FFDB0000FF1CFAD19A77FAF3" box="[162,307,1314,1366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDBFFEEFF1CFAD19BABFA9C" authority="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva, 2023" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[162,239,1314,1337]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDBFFEEFF1CFAD19BABFA9C" box="[162,239,1314,1337]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">N. lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDBFFEEFF4BFAD19A6DFA9C" box="[245,297,1314,1337]" pageId="17" pageNumber="366" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FEE8FAD19AA6FAF3" box="[342,482,1314,1366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">Paraná</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FDBFFAD19935FAF3" box="[513,625,1314,1366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">29.4+/-1.07 (27–30)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FD05FAD1986FFAF3" box="[699,811,1314,1366]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">3.79+/-0.69 (3.0–5.1)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FCCBFAD198A7FAF3" box="[885,995,1314,1366]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">6+/-0 (6–6)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB97FAD19F95FAF3" box="[1065,1233,1314,1366]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">2.35+/-0.24 (2.1– 2.75)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FB49FAD19E1FFAF3" box="[1271,1371,1314,1366]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">9.2+/-0.91 (8.8–11)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000FA21FAD19D17FAF3" box="[1439,1619,1314,1366]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.45+/-0.05 (0.4– 0.55)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F9C3FAD19DABFAF3" box="[1661,1775,1314,1366]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">1.42+/-0.28 (0.8–1.8)</td>
<td id="76B1E433FFDB0000F881FAD19CF4FAF3" box="[1855,1968,1314,1366]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="366">0.55+/-0.13 (0.3–0.7)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2FDF85FFD9FFECFF29FF659832FEBE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" startId="19.[151,250,150,174]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1916]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF29FF659832FEBE" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,283]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFF29FF659A50FF0B" bold="true" box="[151,276,150,174]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFD9FFECFEA2FF649AEBFF0A" authority="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva, 2023" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[284,431,151,175]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFEA2FF649AEBFF0A" box="[284,431,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Naineris lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFD9FFECFE08FF649AABFF0B" box="[438,495,151,174]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FEBA9A7FFE22" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
<materialsCitation id="3B388550FFD9FFECFF79FEBA9A73FE22" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4441605329" country="Brazil" latitude="-25.409" location="Pinheiros Bay" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-48.251" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Parana" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFF79FEBA9A2CFEC6" bold="true" box="[199,360,329,355]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
<typeStatus id="54EB31AFFFD9FFECFF79FEBA9A46FEC6" box="[199,258,329,355]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F347CF9DFFD9FFECFED0FEBA9AF3FEC6" box="[366,439,329,355]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Brazil</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFD9FFECFE7EFEBA9948FEC6" box="[448,524,329,355]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Paraná</collectingRegion>
(
<location id="8E8FD9D6FFD9FFECFDA4FEBA99F8FEC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F93E1BFFDAFFE9FF29F9D79FD7FC06:8E8FD9D6FFD9FFECFDA4FEBA99F8FEC6" box="[538,700,329,355]" country="Brazil" latitude="-25.409" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-48.251" name="Pinheiros Bay" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" stateProvince="Parana">Pinheiros Bay</location>
), 
<geoCoordinate id="EE64E9CAFFD9FFECFD71FEBA987AFEC6" box="[719,830,329,356]" degrees="25.409" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" precision="55" value="-25.409">25.409° S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE64E9CAFFD9FFECFCF4FEBA9886FEC6" box="[842,962,329,356]" degrees="48.251" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" precision="55" value="-48.251">48.251° W</geoCoordinate>
, intertidal, 
<quantity id="4CA822E8FFD9FFECFB80FEBA9FC6FEC6" box="[1086,1154,329,355]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
depth, anoxic mud, close to 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFD9FFECFF0AFE9E9A73FE22" box="[180,311,365,391]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFF0AFE9E9A50FE22" box="[180,276,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Spartina</emphasis>
sp
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34ADC86FFD9FFECFF79FE629E62FE6A" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FE629E62FE6A" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFF79FE629A0AFE0E" bold="true" box="[199,334,401,427]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFD9FFECFEE8FE619ABCFE0E" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[342,504,401,427]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFEE8FE619ABCFE0E" box="[342,504,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Naineris lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named in honor of R.A.’s late Ph.D. supervisor, the Brazilian scientist Paulo da 
<collectingCountry id="F347CF9DFFD9FFECFF29FE469BA4FE6A" box="[151,224,437,463]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Cunha</collectingCountry>
Lana, in recognition of his substantial contribution to marine science and for believing in people.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34ADC86FFD9FFECFF79FE2A997AFDFA" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FE2A997AFDFA" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFF79FE2A9A06FE56" bold="true" box="[199,322,473,499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Thoracic neurochaetae including crenulated capillaries only; thoracic segments with ventral groove and notches; paired dorsal sensory organs present; ciliary dorsal crest in abdominal segments folded and hypertrophied; thoracic neuropodial lobes flattened and folded with irregular boundaries, with upper papilla; notopodial lobes undivided or forked.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34ADC86FFD9FFECFF79FD9A9B83F932" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FD9A9ED8FCFE" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFD9FFECFF79FD9A9A1DFD26" bold="true" box="[199,345,617,643]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Description.</emphasis>
Large species (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFDB5FD9A992FFD26" box="[523,619,617,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Figs 9A</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFDC6FD9A99E2FD26" box="[632,678,617,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1436,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of Naineris lanai sp. n.: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">11E</figureCitation>
), 
<typeStatus id="54EB31AFFFD9FFECFD02FD9A985AFD26" box="[700,798,617,643]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
complete (MNRJP 007618), 
<quantity id="4CA822E8FFD9FFECFBD3FD9A9F8FFD26" box="[1133,1227,617,643]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="263.0">263 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CA822E8FFD9FFECFAABFD9A9E13FD26" box="[1301,1367,617,644]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide, consisting of 431 chaetigers. Color in alcohol dark brown, with dark segmental spots; live specimens dark brown to reddish, with dark pigmented branchiae and dorsal organs, and long fluorescent cilia along axis; eyespots and nuchal organs yellowish, dorsal crest bearing long fluorescent cilia. Body separated into two distinct regions of approximately same width (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFE6CFD0A9968FCB6" box="[466,556,761,787]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
); thorax and abdomen, with parapodia displaced dorsally in abdomen. Ventral surface of body rough, with prominent mid-ventral groove along most of body (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFB87FCEE9FDCFC92" box="[1081,1176,797,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Figs 9C</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFB19FCEE9F93FC92" box="[1191,1239,797,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1436,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of Naineris lanai sp. n.: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">11C</figureCitation>
), well-marked in thoracic segments, represented by longitudinal notch on each segment, almost reaching consecutive ring (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFA89FCB29ECBFCFE" box="[1335,1423,833,859]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FC969B9CFBAA" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
Prostomium wide, nearly square, spatulate in front (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFCBEFC969812FCDA" box="[768,854,869,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
); eyespots present on lateral margins of prostomium, organized in two groups; nuchal organs present, as two lateral notches between prostomium and peristomium (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFAD1FC7A9BFEFC62" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
), more conspicuous and globular in live specimens (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFCA4FC5E98C7FC62" box="[794,899,941,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1436,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of Naineris lanai sp. n.: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). Peristomium as single achaetous ring; mouth opening located ventrally; proboscis wide, thick, bearing triangular lobes (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFC60FC229F7EFC4E" box="[990,1082,977,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Figs 9B</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFBF9FC229FDEFC4E" box="[1095,1178,977,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1436,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of Naineris lanai sp. n.: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">11A, B</figureCitation>
), densely ciliated (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFAD1FC229B8FFBAA" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1460,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Naineris lanai sp. n. topotype specimen examined under SEM, A–B, MNRJP 007721; C–D, MNRJP 007722: (A) Cilia in the everted proboscis, ventral view; (B) Dorsal organ in thoracic segment; (C) Furcate chaetae in abdominal segment, lateral view; (D) Cilia in dorsal crest. cc—crenulated capillaries, ci—cilia, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organ, fc—furcate chaetae, pb—proboscis, NoL—notopodial lobe. Scale bars; (A): 50 mm; (B): 500 μm; (C): 20 μm; (D): 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10199909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10199909/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FBEA9A6FFB42" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
Branchiae from chaetigers 5–6, continuing along entire body (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFC22FBEA9F58FB96" box="[924,1052,1049,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9A, B</figureCitation>
); elongate from first pair, widest basally, tapering to narrow apex, with medial and lateral cilia. Thoracic branchiae ⅓ of longest abdominal branchiae. Paired dorsal sensory organs from mid-thoracic chaetigers, anterior and medial to branchial bases, oval-shaped, clearly raised (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFE85FB769AD2FB3A" box="[315,406,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Figs 9B</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFE1FFB769A97FB3A" box="[417,467,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1460,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Naineris lanai sp. n. topotype specimen examined under SEM, A–B, MNRJP 007721; C–D, MNRJP 007722: (A) Cilia in the everted proboscis, ventral view; (B) Dorsal organ in thoracic segment; (C) Furcate chaetae in abdominal segment, lateral view; (D) Cilia in dorsal crest. cc—crenulated capillaries, ci—cilia, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organ, fc—furcate chaetae, pb—proboscis, NoL—notopodial lobe. Scale bars; (A): 50 mm; (B): 500 μm; (C): 20 μm; (D): 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10199909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10199909/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">10B</figureCitation>
). Dorsal crest present in abdominal segments; straight at first, best developed and more extended in mid-abdominal segments becoming folded, as long as or even exceeding basal width of branchiae (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFAD4FB5A9B9AFB42" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Figs 9A, D</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFF54FB3E9A5BFB42" box="[234,287,1229,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1460,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Naineris lanai sp. n. topotype specimen examined under SEM, A–B, MNRJP 007721; C–D, MNRJP 007722: (A) Cilia in the everted proboscis, ventral view; (B) Dorsal organ in thoracic segment; (C) Furcate chaetae in abdominal segment, lateral view; (D) Cilia in dorsal crest. cc—crenulated capillaries, ci—cilia, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organ, fc—furcate chaetae, pb—proboscis, NoL—notopodial lobe. Scale bars; (A): 50 mm; (B): 500 μm; (C): 20 μm; (D): 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10199909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10199909/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">10D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FB029AA6FA3E" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
Thorax with 30 chaetigers (
<quantity id="4CA822E8FFD9FFECFDB0FB02993CFAAE" box="[526,632,1265,1291]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="7.112" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" unit="in" value="29.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="28.0">28–30 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="54EB31AFFFD9FFECFD3DFB0299B7FAAE" box="[643,755,1265,1291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
), flattened. Parapodia biramous; interramal papilla absent. Thoracic notopodia with lanceolate lobes, more elongate in posterior chaetigers; forked or undivided. Neuropodial lobes wide, flat, with rough flanges with irregular borders, almost folded (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFC46FACA9F10FAF6" box="[1016,1108,1337,1363]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
). Abdominal notopodial and neuropodial lobes similar in shape, triangular to lanceolate, with thin apex; notopodial lobes more prolonged than neuropodial lobes (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFED0FA729A91FA3E" box="[366,469,1409,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1436,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of Naineris lanai sp. n.: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79FA569A00F9EA" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
Thoracic notochaetae with two bundles of around 30–50 crenulated capillaries. Abdominal notochaetae with 15–20 crenulated capillaries in two bundles and furcate chaetae in lower position (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFBFAFA3A9FE9FA46" box="[1092,1197,1481,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1460,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetId="figure-30@20.[151,1436,181,1437]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Naineris lanai sp. n. topotype specimen examined under SEM, A–B, MNRJP 007721; C–D, MNRJP 007722: (A) Cilia in the everted proboscis, ventral view; (B) Dorsal organ in thoracic segment; (C) Furcate chaetae in abdominal segment, lateral view; (D) Cilia in dorsal crest. cc—crenulated capillaries, ci—cilia, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organ, fc—furcate chaetae, pb—proboscis, NoL—notopodial lobe. Scale bars; (A): 50 mm; (B): 500 μm; (C): 20 μm; (D): 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10199909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10199909/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
); each furcate chaeta with unequal tines, bearing tiny needles; shaft with small barbs. Thoracic neurochaetae with about 7–9 rows of capillaries separated into two groups by oblique gap. Abdominal neurochaetae with 15–20 capillaries and 2–3 acicular spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFD9FFECFF79F9AA9B83F932" blockId="19.[151,1437,329,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">
Pygidium with terminal anus, bearing four anal cirri with forked or undivided tips, and rounded bases (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFD9FFECFAD1F9AA9BFEF932" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[151,1436,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Naineris lanai sp. n., holotype (MNRJP 007618): (A) Complete specimen, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventrolateral view; (D) Abdominal segments, dorsal view; (E) Posterior end, dorsolateral view. ac—anal cirrus, bq—branchiae, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organs, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vg—ventral groove, vn—ventral notches. Scale bars; (A): 5 mm; (B–D): 2 mm; (E): 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204149/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="368">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2FDF85FFDEFFEBFF29FA479E4EF99C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10199909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10199909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10199909/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="369" startId="20.[151,250,1460,1484]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1437]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDEFFEBFF29FA479E4EF99C" blockId="20.[151,1437,1460,1593]" pageId="20" pageNumber="369">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDEFFEBFF29FA479A5BFA68" bold="true" box="[151,287,1460,1485]" pageId="20" pageNumber="369">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDEFFEBFE9BFA469AF2FA68" authority="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva, 2023" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[293,438,1461,1485]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="369" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDEFFEBFE9BFA469AF2FA68" box="[293,438,1461,1485]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="369">Naineris lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDEFFEBFE02FA469AB6FA69" box="[444,498,1461,1484]" pageId="20" pageNumber="369" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
topotype specimen examined under SEM, A–B, MNRJP 007721; C–D, MNRJP 007722: (A) Cilia in the everted proboscis, ventral view; (B) Dorsal organ in thoracic segment; (C) Furcate chaetae in abdominal segment, lateral view; (D) Cilia in dorsal crest. cc—crenulated capillaries, ci—cilia, dc—dorsal crest, do—dorsal organ, fc—furcate chaetae, pb—proboscis, NoL—notopodial lobe. Scale bars; (A): 50 mm; (B): 500 μm; (C): 20 μm; (D): 100 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2FDF85FFDCFFE9FF29FF659F2FFEC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10204153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" startId="22.[151,250,150,174]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1909]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDCFFE9FF29FF659F2FFEC7" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,355]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FF29FF659A5AFF0B" bold="true" box="[151,286,150,174]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FB79FF649E1DFF0A" authority="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva, 2023" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[1223,1369,151,175]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FB79FF649E1DFF0A" box="[1223,1369,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Naineris lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDCFFE9FAE1FF649EDCFF0B" box="[1375,1432,151,174]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34ADC86FFDCFFE9FF79FE62992AFCDA" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDCFFE9FF79FE629935FDB2" blockId="22.[151,1437,401,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FF79FE629A7FFE0E" bold="true" box="[199,315,401,427]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FEFAFE619AA3FE0E" authority="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva, 2023" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[324,487,401,427]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FEFAFE619AA3FE0E" box="[324,487,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Naineris lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDCFFE9FE51FE629969FE0E" box="[495,557,401,427]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FD78FE61986BFE0E" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[710,815,402,427]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FD78FE61986BFE0E" box="[710,815,402,427]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">N. setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDCFFE9FC89FE629830FE0E" box="[823,884,401,427]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having only crenulated capillaries in thoracic neuropodia, dorsal crest, and branchiae from chaetigers 5–6. It differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FC57FE459F14FE6A" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1001,1104,438,463]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FC57FE459F14FE6A" box="[1001,1104,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">N. setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the dorsal crest being long and folded, and having marked ventral groove in thoracic segments, flat and folded thoracic neuropodial lobes, and often divided abdominal notopodial lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDCFFE9FF79FDD2989CFCB6" blockId="22.[151,1437,401,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">
Considering the anoxic habitat of the species, the hypertrophied ciliary dorsal crest, and parapodial lobes, are probably an adaptation to this environment. Similar correlation was established for some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FA9FFDB69ED8FDFA" box="[1313,1436,581,607]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Nereididae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FF77FD9A9A00FD26" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1867" box="[201,324,617,643]" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Opheliidae</taxonomicName>
living in anoxic conditions (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC1F2FCFFDCFFE9FD2EFD9A982EFD26" author="Glasby, C. J. &amp; Erseus, C. &amp; Martin, P." box="[656,874,617,643]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref14514" refString="Glasby, C. J., Erseus, C. &amp; Martin, P. (2021) Annelids in extreme aquatic environments: Diversity, adaptations and evolution. Diversity, 13 (2), 1 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 13020098" type="journal article" year="2021">
Glasby 
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FD54FD99985AFD26" box="[746,798,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). The shape of thoracic neuropodial lobes differs significantly in both species. In 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FE48FD7D99E6FD02" baseAuthorityName="Verril" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[502,674,654,679]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FE48FD7D99E6FD02" box="[502,674,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Naineris setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDCFFE9FD16FD7E99A7FD02" box="[680,739,653,679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, neuropodial lobes are thick, elongated processes with rounded boundaries. In 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FE81FD419ADFFD6E" authority="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva, 2023" authorityName="Álvarez &amp; Budaeva" authorityYear="2023" box="[319,411,689,715]" class="Polychaeta" family="Orbiniidae" genus="Naineris" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lanai" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FE81FD419ADFFD6E" box="[319,411,689,715]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">N. lanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A217EE64FFDCFFE9FE1CFD429AA4FD6E" box="[418,480,689,715]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, neuropodial lobes are enlarged, markedly flat, and folded with irregular boundaries. This may also be an adaptation to increase the surface area for oxygen uptake, such as in other polychaetes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC1F2FCFFDCFFE9FA86FD269B96FCB1" author="Hartman, O." pageId="22" pageNumber="371" pagination="7 - 124" refId="ref14723" refString="Hartman, O. (1951) The littoral marine annelids of the Gulf of Mexico. Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, University of Texas, 2, 7 - 124." type="journal article" year="1951">Hartman 1951</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC1F2FCFFDCFFE9FF60FD0A9AF5FCB6" author="Nonato, E. F. &amp; Bolivar, G. A. &amp; Lana, P." box="[222,433,761,787]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" pagination="22 - 25" refId="ref16009" refString="Nonato, E. F., Bolivar, G. A. &amp; Lana, P. (1986) Laonice branchiata, a new species of Spionidae (Annelida; Polychaeta) from the southeastern Brazilian coast. Revista Neritica, 1 (3), 22 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.5380 / rn. v 1 i 3.41193" type="journal article" year="1986">
Nonato 
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FE89FD099A2DFCB6" box="[311,361,761,787]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">et al</emphasis>
. 1986
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC1F2FCFFDCFFE9FE03FD0A99ABFCB6" author="Radashevsky, V. I. &amp; Lana, P." box="[445,751,761,787]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" pagination="265 - 295" refId="ref16338" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. &amp; Lana, P. (2009) Laonice (Annelida: Spionidae) from South and Central America. Zoosymposia, 2, 265 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 2.1.19" type="journal article" year="2009">Radashevsky &amp; Lana 2009</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC1F2FCFFDCFFE9FD44FD0A9888FCB6" author="Glasby, C. J. &amp; Erseus, C. &amp; Martin, P." box="[762,972,761,787]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref14514" refString="Glasby, C. J., Erseus, C. &amp; Martin, P. (2021) Annelids in extreme aquatic environments: Diversity, adaptations and evolution. Diversity, 13 (2), 1 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 13020098" type="journal article" year="2021">
Glasby 
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FCEFFD0998C6FCB6" box="[849,898,761,787]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDCFFE9FF79FCEE992AFCDA" blockId="22.[151,1437,401,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FF79FCEE9A6EFC92" bold="true" box="[199,298,797,823]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Habitat.</emphasis>
Large mature adults were sampled in black anoxic mud near 
<taxonomicName id="4C50F48EFFDCFFE9FBACFCEE9FDBFC92" box="[1042,1183,797,823]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FBACFCEE9F36FC92" box="[1042,1138,797,823]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Spartina</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
and mangroves from Pinheiros Bay, Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (
<figureCitation id="136B9388FFDCFFE9FD06FCB29864FCFE" box="[696,800,833,859]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1436,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Habitat (H) and live (A–D, I) and preserved (E–G; paratype MRNJP 007623) specimens of Naineris lanai sp. n.: (A) Anterior end with a partially everted proboscis, dorsal view; (B) Anterior end with a completely everted proboscis, dorsal view; (C) Thoracic segments, ventral view; (D) Abdominal segments, lateral view; (E–G) Furcation in abdominal notopodial lobes; (H) Tidal flat from Ilha das Peças, Pinheiros Bay, the type locality; (I) Specimens being sorted in the laboratory. bq— branchia, do—dorsal organ, e—eyespots, no—nuchal organ, pb—proboscis, vn—ventral notch (Arrows point to furcate notopodial lobes). Scale bars; (A): 0.5 mm; (B): 2 mm; (C): 0.2 mm; (D): 1 mm; (E-G): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10204153" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10204153/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
). Juveniles were sampled in mud from 
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFDCFFE9FB4AFCB29E2DFCFE" box="[1268,1385,833,859]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
and fouling communities from 
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFDCFFE9FE7AFC96992EFCDA" box="[452,618,869,895]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34ADC86FFDCFFE9FF79FC7A9FD7FC06" box="[199,1171,905,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEF8F0DFFDCFFE9FF79FC7A9FD7FC06" blockId="22.[151,1437,401,931]" box="[199,1171,905,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">
<emphasis id="B924531FFFDCFFE9FF79FC7A9A25FC06" bold="true" box="[199,353,905,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Distribution.</emphasis>
South and Southeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F347CF9DFFDCFFE9FDC9FC7A99FAFC06" box="[631,702,905,931]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, from 
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFDCFFE9FCB9FC7A9817FC06" box="[775,851,905,931]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Paraná</collectingRegion>
to 
<collectingRegion id="499441EFFFDCFFE9FCC9FC7A9F58FC06" box="[887,1052,905,931]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="22" pageNumber="371">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
, intertidal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>