342 lines
35 KiB
XML
342 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599880" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="B5578C63B6CB3EADE0454D1AFAA06F85" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Rhizotrochus typus Milne-Edwards & Haime 1848" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1635513010010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>198</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1066-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5578C63B6CB3EADE0454D1AFAA06F85" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5578C63B6CB3EADE0454D1AFAA06F85" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1848" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Rhizotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizotrochus typus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="typus">Rhizotrochus typus Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1848</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A, B Javania insignis (SAMC _ A 090116, off Port Dunford, 85 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Placotrochides scaphula (USNM 91772, off Scottburgh, 1360 m) C calicular view D calicular view E, H Rhizotrochus typus E, F (SAMC _ A 090094, off Coffee Bay, 160 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H (SCD 39 B, off Coffee Bay, 160 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Truncatoflabellum formosum (SAM _ H 1389, off Shaka's Rock, 183 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Truncatoflabellum gardineri (SAM _ H 3847, off Shaka's Rock, 138 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Truncatoflabellum inconstans (SAM _ H 1241, off Kei Mouth, 66 m) M calicular view N lateral view O, P Truncatoflabellum multispinosum (SAMC _ A 087450, locality data unknown) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604115" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 12E-H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Rhizotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizotrochus typus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="typus">Rhizotrochus typus</taxonomicName>
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Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1848a 282, pl. 8, fig. 16
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<bibRefCitation author="Pourtales, L de" journalOrPublisher="Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 93" refId="B224" refString="Pourtales, L de, 1871. Deep-sea corals. Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 4: 1 - 93" title="Deep-sea corals." volume="4" year="1871">
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. -
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
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1871
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 13. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Studer, T" journalOrPublisher="Mittheilungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bern" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 14" refId="B274" refString="Studer, T, 1881. Ueber Knospung u. Theilung bei Madreporarien. Mittheilungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bern 1880: 3 - 14" title="Ueber Knospung u. Theilung bei Madreporarien." volume="1880" year="1881">Studer 1881</bibRefCitation>
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: 28. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Moseley, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 248" refId="B196" refString="Moseley, H, 1881. Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage H.M.S. Challenger, in the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Zoology 2: 1 - 248" title="Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage H. M. S. Challenger, in the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76." volume="2" year="1881">Moseley 1881</bibRefCitation>
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: 131. -von Marenzeller 1907: 23, pl. 2, fig. 5. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Yabe, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="146 - 249" refId="B327" refString="Yabe, H, Sugiyama, T, 1936. Some deep-water corals from the Palao islands. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan 12 (10): 146 - 249" title="Some deep-water corals from the Palao islands." volume="12" year="1936">Yabe and Sugiyama 1936</bibRefCitation>
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: 346-348, figs 3, 3A. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
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: 79-81, pl. 41, figs F, J
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">. -Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
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81, pl. 35, figs A-C, pl. 40, figs H, I. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 161, figs 22D, E. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
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: 127, fig. 22A. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 31
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<bibRefCitation author="Tachikawa, H" journalOrPublisher="Kuroshio Biosphere" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 27" refId="B275" refString="Tachikawa, H, 2005. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Hexacorallia, Anthozoa, Cnidria) collected from Otsuki, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Kuroshio Biosphere 2: 1 - 27" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Hexacorallia, Anthozoa, Cnidria) collected from Otsuki, Kochi Prefecture, Japan." volume="2" year="2005">. -Tachikawa 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 10-11, pl. 4, figs E-H. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B48" refString="Cairns, S, 2009. Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/7548" title="Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 7548" year="2009">Cairns 2009</bibRefCitation>
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: 21. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: 234-236, figs 120F-G, 121.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Flabellum" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellum rubrum" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubrum">Flabellum rubrum</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Investigations of South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 154" refId="B98" refString="Gardiner, J, 1902. South African corals of the genus Flabellum, with an account of their anatomy and development. Marine Investigations of South Africa 2 (6): 115 - 154" title="South African corals of the genus Flabellum, with an account of their anatomy and development." volume="2" year="1902">. -Gardiner 1902</bibRefCitation>
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a: 125-152, pl. 4, fig. 34
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<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Investigations of South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 154" refId="B98" refString="Gardiner, J, 1902. South African corals of the genus Flabellum, with an account of their anatomy and development. Marine Investigations of South Africa 2 (6): 115 - 154" title="South African corals of the genus Flabellum, with an account of their anatomy and development." volume="2" year="1902">. -Gardiner 1902</bibRefCitation>
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b: 464-471.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gardiner" authorityYear="1929" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Flabellum" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellum harmeri" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="harmeri">Flabellum harmeri</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 35.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Monomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomyces" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Monomyces</taxonomicName>
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sp. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 35.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Singapore, depth unknown
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Two syntypes are deposited at the MNHNP
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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ORI_DIIb3 (in part:
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
): Locality data unknown,
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<specimenCount type="generic">
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Southern, Gonubie, Gqunube Estuary" elevation="30" latitude="-32.953297" location="Locality" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.0467" municipality="Locality" specimenCount="8">
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. ORI_DIIc1 (
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<specimenCount type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
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), SAMC_A072990 (
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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):
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5578C63B6CB3EADE0454D1AFAA06F85:9A4E40B5A281C7CB7EDAB0DB947B1FC6" latitude="-32.953297" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.0467" municipality="Locality" name="Locality">Locality</location>
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data unknown. SAMC_A073048 (
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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):
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<collectingMunicipality>Locality</collectingMunicipality>
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data unknown; SAMC_A073194 (
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<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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):
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<collectorName>Southern</collectorName>
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margin,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
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from
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<collectorName>Gonubie</collectorName>
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/
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
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off
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<collectorName>Gqunube Estuary</collectorName>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.87" value="-32.953297">32°57'11.87"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.12" value="28.0467">28°02'48.12"E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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||
<specimenCount type="generic">
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="160" latitude="-32.25333" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.961664" municipality="Coffee Bay" specimenCount="3">
|
||
. SAMC_A073247 (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5578C63B6CB3EADE0454D1AFAA06F85:954BAAA9244B11EFF326ED2F3E967F5E" latitude="-32.25333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.961664" municipality="Coffee Bay" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="km" value="34.0">34 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Coffee Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
off Ntlonyane Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.99" value="-32.25333">32°15'11.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.99" value="28.961664">28°57'41.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="A90094" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Ntlonyane Estuary" elevation="160" latitude="-32.28333" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.066664" municipality="Coffee Bay" specimenCount="2">
|
||
. SAM_
|
||
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/A90094">A90094</accessionNumber>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5578C63B6CB3EADE0454D1AFAA06F85:347FE6585B174E74BD58C8FE1FC25B50" county="Ntlonyane Estuary" latitude="-32.28333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.066664" municipality="Coffee Bay" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="km" value="34.0">34 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Coffee Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCounty>Ntlonyane Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="-32.28333">32°16'59.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="29.066664">29°03'59.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="160" latitude="-32.28333" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.066664" municipality="Coffee Bay" specimenCount="3">
|
||
. UCTES_SCD39B (
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5578C63B6CB3EADE0454D1AFAA06F85:BA597628A9705C147D434F0470935E43" latitude="-32.28333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.066664" municipality="Coffee Bay" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="km" value="34.0">34 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Coffee Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||
from Ntlonyane Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="-32.28333">32°16'59.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="29.066664">29°03'59.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="imagery data">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imagery data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">BMNH 1939.7.20.816-833 (1 specimen), BMNH 1950.1.10.34 (1 specimen), BMNH 1950.10.97-102 (1 specimen), BMNH 1950.1.11.63 (1 specimen): Cape of Good Hope, other locality data unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Corallum conical, robust, and attached to substrate by a slender and non-reinforced pedicel (<3 mm in D). Calice irregularly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.2-1.5), with thin, smooth, and flared calicular margin. Largest specimen examined (SAMC_A072990) 14.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
9.8 mm in CD, and 21.1 mm in H. Theca thin and usually encrusted, lower theca bears numerous (> 5) hollow rootlets that improve corallum anchoring (rootlets of examined specimens broken). Costae equally wide but poorly developed. Intercostal striae shallow. Transversal chevron-shaped growth lines present from calicular margin towards pedicel. Corallum predominantly white, becoming light-beige from lower theca towards base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in six cycles, last being incomplete, according to the formula: S1-2> S3> S4> S5> S6. However, specimens examined also have fifth cycle incomplete (totalling 78-89 septa). S1-2 equal in width and have straight and vertical axial margin, which become slightly sinuous deeper in the fossa. Higher cycle septa (S3-5) progressively smaller, and bearing slightly sinuous axial margins. S6 if present rudimentary, but, if absent, then S5 rudimentary. Septal faces finely granulated. Fossa deep, with rudimentary or absent columella.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Regional: Southern and eastern margin of South Africa, off Gonubie extending Coffee Bay; 30-160 m. Elsewhere: Andaman Islands; Bay of Bengal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Alcock, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="138 - 149" refId="B4" refString="Alcock, A, 1893. On some newly-recorded corals from the Indian Seas. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 62 (2): 138 - 149" title="On some newly-recorded corals from the Indian Seas." volume="62" year="1893">Alcock 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Red Sea (von Marenzeller 1907); Japan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Fifth International Symposium on Fossil Cnidaria, Brisbane," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 68" refId="B35" refString="Cairns, S, 1989b. Discriminant analysis of Indo-West Pacific Flabellum. In Memoir Association of Australian Paleontologists. Fifth International Symposium on Fossil Cnidaria, Brisbane, 8: 61 - 68" title="Discriminant analysis of Indo-West Pacific Flabellum. In Memoir Association of Australian Paleontologists." volume="8" year="1989 b">Cairns 1989b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1994); South China Sea; Philippines; Indonesia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Vanuatu (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); New Caledonia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 20-1048 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Although
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Rhizotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizotrochus typus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="typus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhizotrochus typus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected off the South African margin (Cape of Good Hope) in the early 20th century, it was incorrectly identified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Investigations of South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 154" refId="B98" refString="Gardiner, J, 1902. South African corals of the genus Flabellum, with an account of their anatomy and development. Marine Investigations of South Africa 2 (6): 115 - 154" title="South African corals of the genus Flabellum, with an account of their anatomy and development." volume="2" year="1902">Gardiner (1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a, 1902b) as
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Flabellum" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellum rubrum" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flabellum rubrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Subsequently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
misidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="R." lsidName="R. typus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="typus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. typus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as two other flabellids (
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="F." lsidName="F. harmeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="harmeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F. harmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[ORI_DIIb3] and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Monomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomyces" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monomyces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. [ORI_DIIc1]).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Rhizotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizotrochus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhizotrochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has long been synonymiszed with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Monomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomyces" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monomyces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however historical accounts have outlined the difference in the number and placement/pattern of their rootlets, in which
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Rhizotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizotrochus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhizotrochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has> 2 rootlets that are not fused to pedicel as compare with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Monomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomyces" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monomyces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ehrenberg, 1834, which displays <2 rootlets fused to the pedicel (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Despite the examined specimens having broken rootlets (thus not showing whether they join pedicel or not), we herein provide the first reliable record for the species within South African localities by use of the number of rootlets (> 5) observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |