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<document id="B7EA80E9A86C211D154EAE3593DA3291" ID-CLB-Dataset="30418" ID-DOI="10.1649/0010-065X(2001)055[0411:DAPOSA]2.0.CO;2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e4f989d2-2dcb-4d3a-9886-95a337ff4c31" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1208234" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1522135981945" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nico M. Franz" docDate="2001" docId="405B4E03FFB9293855E402C1FC79FB0B" docLanguage="en" docName="theColeopteristsBulletin.55.4.411.pdf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 55 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:37D8AFFB4AA6BE9981973FD5310B493E.6:TheColeopBull.2000-2002.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="37D8AFFB4AA6BE9981973FD5310B493E" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2000-2002.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Staminodeus vectoris Nico M. Franz 2001, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="427" masterDocId="BC62367BFFA929295409005EFF99FF82" masterDocTitle="Description And Phylogeny Of Staminodeus, A New Genus Of Derelomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Associated With Cyclanthaceae" masterLastPageNumber="432" masterPageNumber="411" pageNumber="427" updateTime="1698533443887" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="7C2420698C837420737A52D5CC9E81FC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D7F1478914A836B56E34467591769A3E">
<mods:title id="279FA6402ECD4E9743BD5C31507DC849">Description And Phylogeny Of Staminodeus, A New Genus Of Derelomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Associated With Cyclanthaceae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="921BF862A9CDFABE5BB16FC11A3BD599" type="personal">
<mods:role id="67B1B5CB395AE241D3C33CAC64E3E7F5">
<mods:roleTerm id="96755DF90923850CF37DB672E64775EA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="975A0ED30185E1DE9A5D5080113293C2">Nico M. Franz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2530B16EABF6DC19A22D0CF78E20DCE1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B1F67A5B2C39F401B9F7D7B0F20FD13B">
<mods:title id="C026F08E81028BDA6FEF54CB923E22C4">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="91108D9CBDF6CB268AE0FACFCAA119ED">
<mods:date id="F68F1A5F14D325619BF5EF23C2557CBB">2001</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="788282F61FCB32531A17695E8D737912" type="volume">
<mods:number id="928F5B76BB80D3B8F4A292E639E3E472">55</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="BA16229EEF862968AD8CC67363557F9E" type="issue">
<mods:number id="32C239D3AAF904E7BE2936ADB177CC40">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="5B5E8BAB8FCAF988A0B1E9762CC1F2D6" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E7D9E4B6E4D0DAB11829638CC775EF81">411</mods:start>
<mods:end id="70A814680BCD75C83776569DD1A7BC88">432</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="DAE8064085E199E6379D21FB506D7993">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5FEC258EA62D0B64647BFC80598A9F0A" type="CLB-Dataset">30418</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="662A88818F92D5BD468A2C5CA63D2512" type="DOI">10.1649/0010-065X(2001)055[0411:DAPOSA]2.0.CO;2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F0A2915AFFD48A7EB76DC7D588F42600" type="GBIF-Dataset">e4f989d2-2dcb-4d3a-9886-95a337ff4c31</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2538EEE2B79A602BBE5918305317EC63" type="Zenodo-Dep">1208234</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="405B4E03FFB9293855E402C1FC79FB0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6279378" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142656676" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6279378" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:405B4E03FFB9293855E402C1FC79FB0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/405B4E03FFB9293855E402C1FC79FB0B" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="427" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<subSubSection id="80E8AC9EFFB9293955E402C1FCF9FD31" box="[493,864,670,692]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB9293955E402C1FCF9FD31" blockId="16.[249,1082,670,1209]" box="[493,864,670,692]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<heading id="93054879FFB9293955E402C1FCF9FD31" box="[493,864,670,692]" fontSize="9" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" reason="1">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293955E402C1FD4DFD36" box="[493,724,671,692]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293955E402C1FD49FD36" authority="Nico M. Franz, 2001" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[493,720,671,692]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vectoris" status="sp. nov.">Staminodeus vectoris</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E1B59E7CFFB9293956D402C0FCF9FD31" box="[733,864,670,691]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" rank="species">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293956D402C0FCF9FD31" bold="true" box="[733,864,670,691]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">new species</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80E8AC9EFFB92939551A0298FD40FCAE" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB92939551A0298FD40FCAE" blockId="16.[249,1082,670,1209]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB92939551A0298FE1CFD59" bold="true" box="[275,389,710,731]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293955990299FDEDFD5E" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[400,628,711,732]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vectoris">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293955990299FDEDFD5E" box="[400,628,711,732]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Staminodeus vectoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293957660299FC70FD5E" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[879,1001,711,732]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilatatus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293957660299FC70FD5E" box="[879,1001,711,732]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">S. dilatatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the higher number of smaller, arcuate dentes in males, in addition to differing from
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293954F002A2FE1CFC93" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[249,389,764,785]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispinosus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293954F002A2FE1CFC93" box="[249,389,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">S. bispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293955C802A2FDB6FC93" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[449,559,764,785]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forcipis">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293955C802A2FDB6FC93" box="[449,559,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">S. forcipis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the glabrate frons. Males and females were associated by field observations (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80E8AC9EFFB9293955190360FD2FFB3B" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="description">
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB9293955190360FDC8FBC3" blockId="16.[249,1082,670,1209]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293955190360FEDBFCD3" bold="true" box="[272,322,830,849]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Male</emphasis>
. Length
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB9293955930360FD97FCD3" box="[410,526,830,849]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2.3 mm</quantity>
, width 0.7–1.0 mm, l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB9293956EA0360FCABFCD3" box="[739,818,830,849]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-2.1">w 2.1</geoCoordinate>
–2.4. Rostrum
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB9293957C80360FBACFCD3" box="[961,1077,830,849]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
, r/p 0.7–0.9. Frons glabrate. Pronotum l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB9293956830308FD40FCEB" box="[650,729,854,873]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-0.8">w 0.8</geoCoordinate>
–1.0, convex. Prosternum longer than mesosternum. Profemur (
<figureCitation id="50C9E390FFB9293955E10330FDB4FC03" box="[488,557,878,897]" captionStart="Fig. 3" captionStartId="7.[269,303,1467,1486]" captionTargetBox="[257,1072,272,1441]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[246,1078,265,1446]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Staminodeus, male, right profemur and protibia, anterior view, a) S. inermis; b) S. curvitibialis; c) S. denticulatus; d) S. bispinosus; e) S. forcipis; f) S. dilatatus; g) S. vectoris. Scale bar 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1208240/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
Fig.
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB92939561C0330FDB4FC03" box="[533,557,878,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="g" value="3.0">3g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) slightly arcuate, f/p 0.9–1.2, width similar throughout, ventrally denticulate; protibia (
<figureCitation id="50C9E390FFB92939564103D8FD14FC1B" box="[584,653,902,921]" captionStart="Fig. 3" captionStartId="7.[269,303,1467,1486]" captionTargetBox="[257,1072,272,1441]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[246,1078,265,1446]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Staminodeus, male, right profemur and protibia, anterior view, a) S. inermis; b) S. curvitibialis; c) S. denticulatus; d) S. bispinosus; e) S. forcipis; f) S. dilatatus; g) S. vectoris. Scale bar 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1208240/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
Fig.
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB92939567C03D8FD14FC1B" box="[629,653,902,921]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="g" value="3.0">3g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) subrectate, t/f 0.9–1.2, anteroventral margin with row of 6–10 apically directed, arcuate dentes, apically mucronate, promucron nearly 2/3 as long as protarsal claw; mesotibia apically mucronate, mesomucron nearly 1/4 as long as mesotarsal claw. Elytron l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB92939568A0390FD49FC63" box="[643,720,974,993]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-1.3">w 1.3</geoCoordinate>
–1.6 (N 15). Wing/body 1.2–1.3, wing l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB92939553503B8FE10FC7B" box="[316,393,998,1017]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-3.0">w 3.0</geoCoordinate>
–3.4 (N 8). Median lobe (
<figureCitation id="50C9E390FFB92939569F03B8FD42FC7B" box="[662,731,998,1017]" captionStart="Fig. 4" captionStartId="10.[272,306,1472,1491]" captionTargetBox="[257,1079,271,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[246,1084,265,1452]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Staminodeus, male, aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, a) S. inermis; b) S. curvitibialis; c) S. denticulatus; d) S. bispinosus; e) S. forcipis; f) S. dilatatus; g) S. vectoris. Illustrations are interpretative: denticulation and setation are omitted. Scale bar 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1208242/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
Fig.
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB9293956CA03B8FD42FC7B" box="[707,731,998,1017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="g" value="4.0">4g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB9293956FC03B8FCDBFC7B" box="[757,834,998,1017]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-2.5">w 2.5</geoCoordinate>
–3.3 (N 15), laterobasal sclerites apically setose, median sclerite basally projected, apically bifurcate, setose, apical rami undulate, apically spatulate, basal 3/4 of median lobe denticulate, aedaegal apodemes shorter than median lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB9293955190418FD2FFB3B" blockId="16.[249,1082,670,1209]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293955190418FEC1FBDB" bold="true" box="[272,344,1094,1113]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Female</emphasis>
. Length
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB9293955B90418FDBDFBDB" box="[432,548,1094,1113]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.2 mm</quantity>
, width 0.8–1.0 mm, l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB9293956F00418FCDEFBDB" box="[761,839,1094,1113]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-2.1">w 2.1</geoCoordinate>
–2.4. Rostrum
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB9293957DC0418FBB9FBDB" box="[981,1056,1094,1113]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, r/ p 0.8–1.1, laterobasal 1/3 carinulate. Frontal spine nearly 3/5 as long as diameter of eye. Pronotum l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB9293955920428FE77FB0B" box="[411,494,1142,1161]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-0.8">w 0.8</geoCoordinate>
–1.1 (N 15). F/p 0.9–1.2; t/f 0.8–1.0. Elytron l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB9293950070428FE8FFB23" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-1.4">w 1.4</geoCoordinate>
–1.6 (N 15). Wing/body 1.2–1.3, wing l/
<geoCoordinate id="ADC699D2FFB9293956D204D0FCB7FB23" box="[731,814,1166,1185]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" precision="5555" value="-3.0">w 3.0</geoCoordinate>
–3.4 (N 8). Spermatheca (
<figureCitation id="50C9E390FFB92939550904F8FEDCFB3B" box="[256,325,1190,1209]" captionStart="Fig. 5" captionStartId="11.[269,303,1502,1521]" captionTargetBox="[285,1052,274,1473]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[269,1056,265,1481]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Staminodeus, female, spermatheca and gland reservoir, a) S. inermis; b) S. curvitibialis; c) S. denticulatus; d) S. bispinosus; e) S. forcipis; f) S. dilatatus; g) S. vectoris. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1208244/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
Fig.
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB92939552404F8FEDCFB3B" box="[301,325,1190,1209]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="g" value="5.0">5g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) deflexed nearly 135, apex rotundate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80E8AC9EFFB92939551A0490FC2FFAEB" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB92939551A0490FC2FFAEB" blockId="16.[249,1082,1230,1652]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<materialsCitation id="789AF548FFB92939551A0490FC31FB7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1836754061" collectingDate="1997-07-03" collectionCode="MUCR" collectorName="La Selva &amp; N. Franz" country="Costa Rica" elevation="40" location="La Selva" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Heredia" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB92939551A0490FE7DFB61" bold="true" box="[275,484,1230,1251]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<typeStatus id="174941B7FFB92939551A0490FED5FB61" box="[275,332,1230,1251]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Type</typeStatus>
Information.
</emphasis>
Male
<typeStatus id="174941B7FFB9293956270491FD10FB66" box="[558,649,1231,1252]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
‘‘
<collectingCountry id="B0E5BF85FFB9293956940491FC82FB66" box="[669,795,1231,1252]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="0A3631F7FFB9293957210491FCE4FB66" box="[808,893,1231,1252]" country="Costa Rica" name="Heredia" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Heredia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="65079AC3FFB9293957820491FC74FB66" box="[907,1005,1231,1252]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<location id="CD2DA9CEFFB9293957820491FC74FB66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:405B4E03FFB9293855E402C1FC79FB0B:CD2DA9CEFFB9293957820491FC74FB66" box="[907,1005,1231,1252]" country="Costa Rica" name="La Selva" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" stateProvince="Heredia">La Selva</location>
</collectorName>
,
<elevation id="43DF1826FFB9293957F30491FBACFB66" box="[1018,1077,1231,1252]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="m" value="40.0">
<quantity id="0F0A52F0FFB9293957F30491FBACFB66" box="[1018,1077,1231,1252]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectedFrom id="7BEEBCE8FFB9293954F004B7FE11FB7D" box="[249,392,1257,1279]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
on
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB92939551704B4FE11FB7D" authorityName="Harling" authorityYear="1954" box="[286,392,1258,1279]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB92939551704B4FE11FB7D" box="[286,392,1258,1279]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Asplundia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
uncinata, leg.
<collectorName id="65079AC3FFB92939563B04B7FD0CFB7C" box="[562,661,1257,1278]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">N. Franz</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate id="AC08203DFFB9293956AD04B7FCABFB7C" box="[676,818,1257,1278]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" value="1997-07-03">
<date id="BC4CD9D5FFB9293956AD04B7FCABFB7C" box="[676,818,1257,1278]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" value="1997-07-03">VII­03–1997</date>
</collectingDate>
’’ (
<collectionCode id="AEE367D0FFB92939574704B7FC38FB7C" box="[846,929,1257,1278]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ww9x-1v7b" name="Museo de Insectos" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">MUCR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="789AF548FFB9293957BE04B7FD43FA9B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1836754054" collectionCode="MUCR" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="allotype">
<specimenCount id="DEF4349CFFB9293957BE04B7FC67FB7C" box="[951,1022,1257,1278]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="female">female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="174941B7FFB92939500004B7FEB0FA9B" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
, same label as male holotype (
<collectionCode id="AEE367D0FFB929395689055AFD4AFA9B" box="[640,723,1284,1305]" collectionName="Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad de Costa Rica, Museo de Insectos" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">MUCR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; male paratypes, same labels as male holotype (AMNH, 5; BMNH, 5; CMNC, 5; CWOB, 5; INBC, 5; MIUP, 5; MUCR, 5); female paratypes, same labels as male holotype (AMNH, 5; BMNH, 5; CMNC, 5; CWOB, 5; INBC, 5; MIUP, 5; MUCR, 5).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80E8AC9EFFB92939551A0530FC7CFA1C" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB92939551A0530FC7CFA1C" blockId="16.[249,1082,1230,1652]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB92939551A0530FE0AFA01" bold="true" box="[275,403,1390,1411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the female behavior of transporting the detached staminodes (see below)—
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB92939560405D4FDF9FA1D" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[525,608,1418,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vectoris">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB92939560405D4FDF9FA1D" box="[525,608,1418,1439]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">vectoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
signifying ‘‘carrier’’ (
<bibRefCitation id="AC6382E4FFB92939574605D7FC41FA1C" author="Brown, R. W." bookContentInfo="882 pp." box="[847,984,1417,1438]" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C." pageId="16" pageNumber="427" refId="ref11994" refString="Brown, R. W. 1956. Composition of scientific words. Revised edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C. 882 pp." title="Composition of scientific words. Revised edition" type="book" year="1956">Brown 1956</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80E8AC9EFFB92939551A05FAFD26F9BC" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB92939551A05FAFD26F9BC" blockId="16.[249,1082,1230,1652]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB92939551A05FAFE3BFA3B" bold="true" box="[275,418,1444,1465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293955A305FAFD12FA3B" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[426,651,1444,1465]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vectoris">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293955A305FAFD12FA3B" box="[426,651,1444,1465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Staminodeus vectoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected at the Volcán Arenal in
<collectingCountry id="B0E5BF85FFB92939551E05E1FE16FA56" box="[279,399,1471,1492]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, Provincia
<collectingRegion id="0A3631F7FFB92939560305E1FDFCFA56" box="[522,613,1471,1492]" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
, Los Lagos: 10 29 N, 84 43 W; on the Carribean slope of
<collectingCountry id="B0E5BF85FFB9293955A40587FDBCFA6C" box="[429,549,1497,1518]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="0A3631F7FFB92939563B0587FD6DFA6C" box="[562,756,1497,1518]" country="Costa Rica" name="Heredia" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Provincia Heredia</collectingRegion>
, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, La Selva and Rara Avis; in the Central Valley of
<collectingCountry id="B0E5BF85FFB92939575A05AAFC53F98B" box="[851,970,1524,1545]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, Provincia
<collectingRegion id="0A3631F7FFB9293954F00651FED3F9A6" box="[249,330,1551,1572]" country="Costa Rica" name="San Jose" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">San Jose</collectingRegion>
´, Zurquí de Moravia; and on the Carribean slope of
<collectingRegion id="0A3631F7FFB92939577C0651FC53F9A6" box="[885,970,1551,1572]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<collectingCountry id="B0E5BF85FFB92939577C0651FC53F9A6" box="[885,970,1551,1572]" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Panama</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="0A3631F7FFB9293957DC0651FE07F9BC" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Provincia Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
, Río Changuinola (
<figureCitation id="50C9E390FFB9293956790677FD2BF9BC" box="[624,690,1577,1598]" captionStart="Fig. 6" captionStartId="12.[272,306,544,563]" captionTargetBox="[254,1079,273,520]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[248,1083,265,524]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Distribution of Staminodeus in Costa Rica, Panama, and Venezuela, S. bispinosus; S. curvitibialis (distributional record for Colombia, Provincia Nariño, La Planada is omitted); S. denticulatus; S. dilatatus; S. forcipis; S. inermis; S. vectoris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1208246/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80E8AC9EFFB92938551A061AFC79FB0B" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C84DFF15FFB92938551A061AFC79FB0B" blockId="16.[249,1082,1230,1652]" lastBlockId="17.[246,1079,687,1161]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB92939551A061AFE54F9DB" bold="true" box="[275,461,1604,1625]" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Natural History.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293955DC061AFD2CF9DB" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[469,693,1604,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vectoris">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB9293955DC061AFD2CF9DB" box="[469,693,1604,1625]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="427">Staminodeus vectoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is associated with the staminodes of the inflorescences of
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB9293955D20601FDEEF9F6" baseAuthorityName="Franz" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[475,631,1631,1652]" family="Cyclanthaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="427" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="family">Cyclanthaceae</taxonomicName>
. At La Selva, both sexes visit several species of
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB82938554A02F1FD9EFD46" authority="Harling" authorityName="Harling" authorityYear="1954" box="[323,519,687,708]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB82938554A02F1FE34FD46" box="[323,429,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="428">Asplundia</emphasis>
Harling
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB82938561B02F1FCAEFD46" authority="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" box="[530,823,687,708]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Carludovica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB82938561B02F1FD0CFD46" box="[530,661,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="428">Carludovica</emphasis>
Ruíz &amp; Pavón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB82938574902F1FBABFD46" authority="R. Eriksson" authorityName="R. Eriksson" authorityYear="1989" box="[832,1074,687,708]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Chorigyne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB82938574902F1FC37FD46" box="[832,942,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="428">Chorigyne</emphasis>
R. Eriksson
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB8293854FF0294FE6AFD5C" authority="Harling" authorityName="Harling" authorityYear="1954" box="[246,499,713,735]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Dicranopygium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB8293854FF0294FE03FD5D" box="[246,410,714,735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="428">Dicranopygium</emphasis>
Harling
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB8293856250294FCA7FD5C" authority="Oersted. The" authorityName="Oersted. The" box="[556,830,713,735]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Evodianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB8293856250294FD36FD5D" box="[556,687,714,735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="428">Evodianthus</emphasis>
Oersted. The
</taxonomicName>
following observations were made for the most part on
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB82938564702BAFC82FD7B" box="[590,795,740,761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="428">
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB82938564702BAFD21FD7B" authorityName="Harling" authorityYear="1954" box="[590,696,740,761]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Asplundia</taxonomicName>
uncinata
</emphasis>
Harling. The adult beetles arrive at dawn during the pistillate anthesis when the floral fragrances are volatilized. The females detach the staminodes and fall to the floor where they transport them with their legs—by turning upside down and using the frontal spine to support their position against the surface underneath. Meanwhile, the males associate with the moving staminodes. If several males occur on the same staminode, short fights are observed during which the prothoracic legs are used to displace competing males with fast blows. Presumably, the dentate protibiae interlock and translate the lifting power among them. Copulation and oviposition occur above the forest floor; the reproductive behavior is described with more detail in
<bibRefCitation id="AC6382E4FFB8293855DB03B1FD5FFB86" author="Franz, N. M." bookContentInfo="97 pp." box="[466,710,1007,1028]" journalOrPublisher="Tesis de Maestria, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose´, Costa Rica. xv" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" refId="ref12141" refString="Franz, N. M. 1999. Biologia reproductiva de algunas ciclantaceas (Cyclanthaceae) y de los picudos asociados (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Tesis de Maestria, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose´, Costa Rica. xv 97 pp." title="Biologia reproductiva de algunas ciclantaceas (Cyclanthaceae) y de los picudos asociados (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" type="book" year="1999">Franz (1999, in prep.)</bibRefCitation>
. The ephemeral staminodes serve as an oviposition substrate. The larvae are detritivores in the leaf litter, and the pupae emerge from the forest floor after 10–20 days. The adult beetles are not pollinators because they do not touch the pistillate flowers of the host inflorescence and leave before the staminate anthesis.
<taxonomicName id="0FF28496FFB82938575B0404FBAFFBED" authorityName="Nico M. Franz" authorityYear="2001" box="[850,1078,1114,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Staminodeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vectoris">
<emphasis id="FA862307FFB82938575B0404FBAFFBED" box="[850,1078,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="428">Staminodeus vectoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was coded (by C. W. O’Brien) as ‘‘gen. C
<specimenCount id="DEF4349CFFB8293856B4042AFD68FB0B" box="[701,753,1140,1161]" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" type="generic">2 sp.</specimenCount>
C1’’ in
<bibRefCitation id="AC6382E4FFB829385747042AFC45FB0B" author="Franz, N. M." bookContentInfo="97 pp." box="[846,988,1140,1161]" journalOrPublisher="Tesis de Maestria, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose´, Costa Rica. xv" pageId="17" pageNumber="428" refId="ref12141" refString="Franz, N. M. 1999. Biologia reproductiva de algunas ciclantaceas (Cyclanthaceae) y de los picudos asociados (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Tesis de Maestria, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose´, Costa Rica. xv 97 pp." title="Biologia reproductiva de algunas ciclantaceas (Cyclanthaceae) y de los picudos asociados (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" type="book" year="1999">Franz (1999)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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