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174 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.816.29738" ID-GBIF-Dataset="31bce27d-7094-467b-95ae-009a27e00cf5" ID-PMC="PMC6341056" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-816-1" ID-PubMed="30686917" ID-ZBK="51CEEF2E1E1040A8A6731140426ED5A7" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-816-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 816" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the pericaline ground-beetles in Taiwan, with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini)" checkinTime="1547561011487" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hunting, Wesley & Yang, Man-Miao" docDate="2019" docId="207095A8B2CF2E4C839A6522AE8260B2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 816: 1-164" docOrigin="ZooKeys 816" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.816.29738" docTitle="Moctherus obscurabasis Hunting & Yang, 2019, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="29ED5A42-C754-4922-9917-AD2ED7462211" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="133" masterDocId="AA26FF84157BFFAE490E7F133744FF98" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the pericaline ground-beetles in Taiwan, with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini)" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="131" updateTime="1668166739332" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic review of the pericaline ground-beetles in Taiwan, with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hunting, Wesley</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yang, Man-Miao</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>816</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>164</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.816.29738</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.816.29738</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-816-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">51CEEF2E1E1040A8A6731140426ED5A7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">51CEEF2E1E1040A8A6731140426ED5A7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154125986" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:29ED5A42-C754-4922-9917-AD2ED7462211" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/207095A8B2CF2E4C839A6522AE8260B2" lastPageId="132" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/29ED5A42-C754-4922-9917-AD2ED7462211" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Moctherus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Moctherus obscurabasis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">Moctherus obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="130" pageNumber="131">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 97A, B, 98, 99
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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, 102B, 103
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">From Latin obscura and basis, in reference to the dull appearance of the baso-medial half of the elytra due to the dense setae and relatively wide and shallow punctures.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Types and other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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Holotype (male) labeled
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Holotype”">"Holotype"</normalizedToken>
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[circular, ringed with red]; "TAIWAN: Nantou Co./Huisun Forest Station/Area, May 23, 2012/24.0874N, 121.0301E"; "veg. on trail to waterfall/~750m, Acc. Ti-168a/Coll. W. M. Hunting"; " NCHU# 100522". Two paratypes of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. obscurabasis" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">M. obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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: one male and one female. For further details see EH Strickland Virtual Entomology Museum Database.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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Specimens of this species are easily distinguished from other species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mochtherus</taxonomicName>
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by the large size (more than 7.5 mm) and the baso-medial half of the elytra with setae long and dense, punctures wide, shallow and somewhat regularly spaced, giving a distinctive dull texture.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="131" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">OBL 8.17 - 8.67 mm. Length (n = one male, two females): head 0.84, pronotum 1.32 - 1.40, elytra 4.75 - 5.17, metepisternum 1.20 - 1.40 mm; width: head 1.76 - 1.84, pronotum 2.00 - 2.16, elytra 3.33 - 3.50, metepisternum 0.56 - 0.76 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Body proportions. HW/HL 2.14 - 2.19; PWM/PL 1.52 - 1.55; EL/EW 1.43 - 1.55; ML/MW 1.94 - 2.19 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Color. Fig. 97A, B. Dorsum of head rufo-brunneous to piceous, clypeus rufo-brunneous to brunneo-piceous, lighter than head, labrum brunneous, brunneo-piceous to piceous centrally; palpi and antennae brunneo-testaceous to brunneous; pronotum brunneous to brunneo-piceous, margins somewhat lighter; elytral disc brunneo-piceous to piceous, suture and margins slightly lighter, disc with four testaceous to rufo-testaceous maculaee, two anterior and two posterior, anterior macula ovoid, from stria 3 or 4 to interval 8, nearest to base at interval 7, closest to apex in interval 5 or 6, posterior macula circular to ovoid, from suture to interval 4 or 5), closest to base in interval 3 or 4, nearest to apex in interval 3 or 4; ventral surface brunneo-testaceous to brunneous, metepisternum brunneous to brunneo-piceous, darker; legs brunneous, light.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 97. Dorsal habitus and intrapopulation variation of color pattern of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus obscurabasis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">Mochtherus obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.. A small elytral macula (OBL 8.17 mm) B large elytral macula (OBL 8.67 mm).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Microsculpture. Dorsum of head with mesh pattern somewhat granulate, isodiametric, labrum with sculpticells shallow, almost isodiametric; pronotum with microsculpture transverse; elytra with sculpticells transverse, most easily observed in apical half; metepisternum with microsculpture somewhat granulate, almost isodiametric to transverse; other ventral surfaces with microsculpture transverse.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="131" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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Macrosculpture and pilosity. Dorsum of head faintly and longitudinally rugulose, with scattered setigerous punctures, setae short and fine between eyes, somewhat long
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<pageBreakToken pageId="131" pageNumber="132" start="start">er</pageBreakToken>
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behind eye, clypeus relatively smooth, with several scattered setigerous punctures, labrum smooth, with several short setae in apical half; scrobe of mandible with few setae near base; pronotum faintly rugulose transversely, punctate and densely setose; elytra with intervals punctate and setose, baso-medial half with setae longer and more dense, punctures wide, shallow, dense and somewhat regularly spaced, giving distinctive texture, striae faintly punctate, setae hardly visible at 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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; ventral surface with randomly scattered setigerous punctures, setae relatively dense and easily visible in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Fixed setae. Elytra with two setae in interval 2, one seta just back from mid-length, one seta in apical 1/6.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Luster. Dorsal surface moderately dull with basal third of elytra dull; ventral thoracic sterna and abdominal sterna moderately glossy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Head. Mandibles with wide base, short; labrum longer than wide, rectangular; mentum with shallow tooth; eyes convex.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Pronotum. Fig. 98. Anterior transverse impression very shallow; posterior transverse impression moderately deep; median longitudinal impression moderately deep; disc convex, apical margin emarginate, basal angles obtuse; lateral margins broadly rounded in apical portion, markedly sinuate from lateral seta to base.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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Figure 98. Line drawing, dorsal view, showing form and setae pattern of the pronotum of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus obscurabasis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">Mochtherus obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n..
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Elytra. Lateral margin smooth, slightly rounded along length.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Legs. Tarsal claws pectinate, 4-5 denticles per claw, apical denticles rather long.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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Male genitalia. Fig. 99
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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. Length 1.2 mm. Phallus relatively narrow, uniform width along length, apex somewhat elongate and narrow, curved along length to follow contour of phallus; endophallus with width relatively uniform along length, right angled lobe at base, one basal microtrichial field (mtf).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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Figure 99. Digital images of male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus obscurabasis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">Mochtherus obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.. A left lateral aspect, endophallus everted B right lateral aspect C ventral aspect D left lateral aspect. Legend: mtf microtrichial field.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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Figure 100. Dorsal habitus and color pattern of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus tetraspilotus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraspilotus">Mochtherus tetraspilotus</taxonomicName>
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(MacLeay). (OBL 6.48 mm).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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Figure 101. Digital images of male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus tetraspilotus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraspilotus">Mochtherus tetraspilotus</taxonomicName>
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(MacLeay). A left lateral aspect, endophallus everted B right lateral aspect C ventral aspect D left lateral aspect. Legend: el, endophallic lobe; mtf microtrichial field.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Female genitalia. Fig. 102B. Width 0.96 mm. Two lateral ensiform setae (les), basal seta longer than apical seta. One spermatheca (sp1), cylindrical and elongate tapering towards apex, with markedly elongate apical end; ring sclerite (srs) separating spermatheca duct from spermatheca; one spermathecal accessory gland (sg), spermathecal gland duct (sgd) attachment site on right side of ring sclerite when viewed from ventral aspect.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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Figure 102. Line drawings of the female reproductive tract of species of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mochtherus</taxonomicName>
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Schmidt-Goebel, known from Taiwan, ventral aspect. A
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. luctuosus" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="luctuosus">M. luctuosus</taxonomicName>
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Putzeys B
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. obscurabasis" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">M. obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. C
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. tetraspilotus" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="tetraspilotus">M. tetraspilotus</taxonomicName>
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(MacLeay). Legend: bc bursa copulatrix; co common oviduct; des dorsal ensiform setae; div diverticulum; gc1 gonocoxite 1; gc2 gonocoxite 2; les lateral ensiform setae; lt lateral tergite; sg spermathecal gland; sgd spermathecal gland duct; sp1 spermatheca 1; srs spermathecal ring sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="132" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Habitat, habits, and seasonal occurrence.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="132" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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The known elevational range of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. obscurabasis" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">M. obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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is from 750 to 1300 meters. Little is known about the habits of this species
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<pageBreakToken pageId="132" pageNumber="133" start="start">however</pageBreakToken>
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, the single specimen collected was found in secondary, mixed forest, on the trunk of a live tree. The tree was on a dirt path and the time was approximately 9:00 pm. Specimens have been collected in May and July and the only known method of collecting is by hand.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus obscurabasis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurabasis">Mochtherus obscurabasis</taxonomicName>
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is known only from Taiwan. See Figure 103.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
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<paragraph pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
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Figure 103. Map showing known localities for species of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mochtherus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mochtherus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mochtherus</taxonomicName>
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Schmidt-Goebel, in Taiwan.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |