339 lines
53 KiB
XML
339 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="F34C24E41ED74FE816C076C2A80EF5A2" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4168.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="38195" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4168.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d56183cb-47ac-4625-bf6d-7d3189d57acf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267871" ID-ZooBank="4869692E-590E-4A7F-8632-C4CFDC7A5AC6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1473834131306" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Song, Xikun, Xiao, Zefeng, Gravili, Cinzia, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Mackenzie, Melanie, Wang, Shaoqing, Chen, Jinjing, Yu, Nan & Wang, Jianjun" docDate="2016" docId="03CC514D6533FFE7A28EE5F5FA08FF13" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4168.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4168 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Fraseroscyphus irregularis Trebilcock 1928, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFF529356520FFF3A219E562FF8AFFEB" masterDocTitle="Worldwide revision of the genus Fraseroscyphus Boero and Bouillon, 1993 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa): an integrative approach to establish new generic diagnoses" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698385586627" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="862830F7BDF888D8E9A269ED3675B01D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="74BE6B598FE09805306D5A75FE60B7B0">
|
||
<mods:title id="11360A50EBB0B5FC57C4E3F1AA9F911C">Worldwide revision of the genus Fraseroscyphus Boero and Bouillon, 1993 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa): an integrative approach to establish new generic diagnoses</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4E335277D39431B752B08F06A8AF853C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2A223F55CAF4033BF711FC3EF4262A78">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C69937D891607B29E070D504F4E4CDB7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2D3D10E348B797887075A19F930FD371">Song, Xikun</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="6EA869E688895807A70B1D45D9918D25" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1D093B9B580CB238F59BF1932AFF69E8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E1758577271B948D81E9DAF8E00BDAED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="102E626CA61DBD0D867617EC21FFBF1A">Xiao, Zefeng</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="AD4B71F6CBD0070D9F85ACFEF6CDAB25" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="48856EA56F4A3969DD117819BFBDEDC1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7421FF949BB34D096355457CDECCC1CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="60334E822A89999F3CC1194CD235BA9B">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="50A5B07A407554FFC176A8C0D8C218D4" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="39DEBB43FFF4576EA19D8E4F1CD96053">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="CCD37603247325D1313B1C59776A3A2D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A0F1EFC83F88D89A0D57D22E172767CB">Ruthensteiner, Bernhard</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="F7276AF4017494D2938A5F82BBB24E98" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C6F778AA4D1DF2AEEE5ED29ABFB16DD2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6362D3C0D71ADB7BAA0805C8DFE0E270">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0B0786E0B6921EE1DE5CA11188A2F734">Mackenzie, Melanie</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="23DEEDC89E023DBEFC200CF776AAA14F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B8496DE36928AF1B350283D4A2AEB437">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="087F56A44CA4320046E00748C3478998">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A88636593B1895242C2E5F912B78D475">Wang, Shaoqing</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B030146E02D6BBBCD49E72DA6F6D58E9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F7DA6E413E568CF2925E32E004734C1F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="39F488127115E9BD5981176A0447326C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="366B9FA6918EBB1E487F9C7B57292BA3">Chen, Jinjing</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A294D2A3D073A90B31CF8349CB5EC00F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C53C16D1A450107D0809A53D0C066AB1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1BD776AE00425D731F1A00A6FC794F9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4B16E109237303DB2E7246E3B88AC7AE">Yu, Nan</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="EA503E9C9E72F0B3E13A9C0E5D69ACC5" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6E7F2CCC02AD72D98AF66894C9F89C7E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="96C8B10C2F9C494F48221531B8D6B8ED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="41CA748E585BBAF66BB24A2EF173C9BF">Wang, Jianjun</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="802F9C38ABCD5A049B7FD2F6D0EF0208">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="0E351D0800825BB2670F974F16911961" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="1B2C816104F93AE6753733C6B31FD93E">
|
||
<mods:title id="6B226FF63BFDB2DE9E8C9B2C5566B99F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="6C3BE9337C29FD1A6BB0D32491ACAA75">
|
||
<mods:date id="CE621C6DC0E7A40977CE4E26CCF9B166">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8963EA3ADA5E2A3A28F49D81884B95CB" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="028FA5AAF1353C16090D3625433A6F14">4168</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="307A6A54E220205DCBA7CB5EF0A88BE7" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="307F69662C84A1F4B5D652B6E361D2A7">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="BF06E4298ECABBBCAECE1CAA2BE86E3B" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="68CD26B17219E579B9178DEE9BC75445">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="18A7B9A4F688FF06F569ED650618F41C">37</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="DA6D2E4FC81A7D62998E6B0FE0302832">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="491F5C78E401AB4D76EAFC8B189055CA" type="CLB-Dataset">38195</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2361A59D1CF8857AC57DEBF6D58C811E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4168.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="EEE8D59D7CC1F89FE976FE41D050FE54" type="GBIF-Dataset">d56183cb-47ac-4625-bf6d-7d3189d57acf</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="687484EF980C0DDDD2BDE6472C2A51E7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BB6274DD8951E04066FE5242FD4BC566" type="Zenodo-Dep">267871</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="21133A808E6B0C68201E41602D5D2FAE" type="ZooBank">4869692E-590E-4A7F-8632-C4CFDC7A5AC6</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03CC514D6533FFE7A28EE5F5FA08FF13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5696904" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124551544" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5696904" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC514D6533FFE7A28EE5F5FA08FF13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC514D6533FFE7A28EE5F5FA08FF13" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FB3D06533FFE0A28EE5F5FE1DFF38" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A28EE5F5FCDFFF59" blockId="19.[151,853,151,211]" box="[151,853,151,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="D09257376533FFE0A28EE5F5FCDFFF59" bold="true" box="[151,853,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A28EE5F5FCDFFF59" bold="true" box="[151,853,151,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C659BD86533FFE0A28EE5F5FD4DFF59" ID-CoL="6JMP8" authority="Trebilcock, 1928" authorityName="Trebilcock" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,711,151,178]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Fraseroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="irregularis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A28EE5F5FE55FF5A" bold="true" box="[151,479,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fraseroscyphus irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A3F7E5FAFD35FF59" author="Trebilcock" box="[494,703,152,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Trebilcock, R. E. (1928) Notes on New Zealand Hydroida. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 41, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1928">Trebilcock, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22281326533FFE0A0D6E5FAFCDFFF59" box="[719,853,152,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A28EE5D8FE1DFF38" blockId="19.[151,853,151,211]" box="[151,407,186,211]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A287E5D8FE8DFF38" box="[158,263,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1445,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type samples, nematocyst and SEM scanning images. (A – C), Fraseroscyphus hozawai, A, lectotype, ZSM 20040228, paralectotype, ZSM 20041654, 20041655; (D – E) F. irregularis, (D) NMV F 57894, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (E) paralectotype, NMV F 57941; (F – G) F. macrogonus, (F) NMV F 57892.1, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (G) NMV F 57892.2, paralectotype. (H – I), nematocyst capsules of F. ho z aw ai, (H) from California, MBM 280124, (I) from China, MBM 280006, 280266, 280267, H 1 – H 10, I 1 – I 4, type I, H 11, I 5 – I 6, type II, I 4 and I 6 discharged. (J) F. irregularis, NMV F 57939.1, J 1 – J 3, type I, J 4 – J 5, type II; (K) F. macrogonus, NMV F 57892.1, K 1 – K 3, type I, K 4 – K 5, type II. (L – M) SEM images F. hozawai, (L) from California, lectotype, SBMNH 347307, (M) from China, MBM 280292. (N – O), fine groves on a female gonotheca (deformed) with acrocyst, from China, MBM 102663. Scale bars: A – C = 1 cm; D – G = 1 cm; H – K = 10 µm; L – M = 150 µm; N = 500 µm; O = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267874/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figures 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E, J, 5, 7)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FB3D06533FFE0A28EE460FE99FEBD" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A28EE460FE99FEBD" blockId="19.[151,1437,258,342]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB75C7756533FFE0A28EE460FE99FEBD" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C659BD86533FFE0A28EE460FDD6FEF3" ID-CoL="6YKKF" authority="Trebilcock, 1928: 11" authorityName="Trebilcock" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,604,258,280]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A28EE460FE08FEF3" box="[151,386,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Sertularella irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4C64A6533FFE0A391E460FDD6FEF3" author="Trebilcock" box="[392,604,258,280]" page="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1928">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A391E460FDB2FEF3" author="Trebilcock" box="[392,568,258,280]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Trebilcock, R. E. (1928) Notes on New Zealand Hydroida. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 41, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1928">Trebilcock, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 11
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl.5, figs, 1–1b.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4C64A6533FFE0A100E460FC59FEF3" author="Stranks" box="[793,979,258,280]" page="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1993">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A100E460FC27FEF3" author="Stranks" box="[793,941,258,280]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Stranks, T. N. (1993) Catalogue of recent Cnidaria type specimens in the Museum of Victoria. Occasional Papers from the Museum of Victoria, 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1993">Stranks, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 17
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C659BD86533FFE0A28EE443FE4FFEDC" ID-CoL="53R2P" box="[151,453,289,311]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A28EE443FE4FFEDC" box="[151,453,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Symplectoscyphus irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4C64A6533FFE0A3C6E443FD2AFEDC" author="Ralph" box="[479,672,289,311]" page="818" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1961">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A3C6E443FDE1FEDC" author="Ralph" box="[479,619,289,311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Ralph, P. M. (1961 a) New Zealand thecate hydroids. Part III. - Family Sertulariidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 88, 749 - 838." type="journal article" year="1961" yearSuffix="a">Ralph, 1961a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 818
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs. 19 d–f.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4C64A6533FFE0A15EE443FB8EFEDC" author="Dawson" box="[839,1028,289,311]" page="20" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A15EE443FC55FEDC" author="Dawson" box="[839,991,289,311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Dawson, E. W. (1992) The Coelenterata of the New Zealand region: a handlist for curators, students and ecologists. Occasional papers of the Hutton Foundation, 1, 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="1992">Dawson, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 20
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4C64A6533FFE0A638E443FAE8FEDC" author="Vervoort" box="[1057,1378,289,311]" page="209" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A638E443FAA7FEDC" author="Vervoort" box="[1057,1325,289,311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 209
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs. 50E–G.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FB3D06533FFE0A28EE4E0FC27FC5C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A28EE4E0FD38FE70" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" box="[151,690,386,411]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0DEA066533FFE0A28EE4E0FD38FE70" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1308121497" box="[151,690,386,411]" country="New Zealand" location="St. Clair" municipality="Dunedin" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A28EE4E0FEBFFE70" bold="true" box="[151,309,386,411]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE5EF96533FFE0A28EE4E0FF58FE70" box="[151,210,386,411]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EBAB6806533FFE0A325E4E1FE11FE70" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC514D6533FFE7A28EE5F5FA08FF13:8EBAB6806533FFE0A325E4E1FE11FE70" box="[316,411,386,411]" country="New Zealand" municipality="Dunedin" name="St. Clair" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">St. Clair</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBE7A216533FFE0A3BFE4E0FD83FE70" box="[422,521,386,411]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dunedin</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372A0CB6533FFE0A00DE4E1FD24FE70" box="[532,686,386,411]" name="New Zealand" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE4C4FB86FCCC" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0DEA066533FFE0A2DEE4C4FCCEFDC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1308121493" collectingDate="V. 3" collectionCode="NMV" collectorName="R. E. Trebilcock. Details" country="New Zealand" location="St. Clair" municipality="Dunedin" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A2DEE4C4FEFCFE54" bold="true" box="[199,374,422,447]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE5EF96533FFE0A2DEE4C4FE88FE54" box="[199,258,422,447]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Seven
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE5EF96533FFE0A3D2E4C5FDBAFE54" box="[459,560,423,447]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, two ethanol samples fixed through formalin (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74789E6533FFE0A624E4C5FB0AFE54" box="[1085,1152,423,447]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A691E4C4FB6AFE54" box="[1160,1248,422,447]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57939" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57939</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74789E6533FFE0A6F4E4C5FAA4FE55" box="[1261,1326,423,446]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A72FE4C4FA1AFE54" box="[1334,1424,422,447]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57940" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57940</accessionNumber>
|
||
), two slide samples with colonies (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74789E6533FFE0A000E4A9FDD6FE08" box="[537,604,459,483]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A07FE4A8FD34FE08" box="[614,702,458,483]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57894" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57894</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74789E6533FFE0A0D5E4A9FC84FE09" box="[716,782,459,482]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A101E4A8FCFBFE08" box="[792,881,458,483]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57941" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57941</accessionNumber>
|
||
), and three nematocyst slides (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74789E6533FFE0A6CEE4A9FA90FE08" box="[1239,1306,459,483]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
F57939.1– F57939.3) newly prepared from
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74789E6533FFE0A00EE48DFDD2FDED" box="[535,600,495,518]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A07DE48CFD36FDEC" box="[612,700,494,519]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57939" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57939</accessionNumber>
|
||
, creeping on coralline algae, rock pools at low tide,
|
||
<location id="8EBAB6806533FFE0A72CE48DFA12FDEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC514D6533FFE7A28EE5F5FA08FF13:8EBAB6806533FFE0A72CE48DFA12FDEC" box="[1333,1432,494,519]" country="New Zealand" municipality="Dunedin" name="St. Clair" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">St. Clair</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBE7A216533FFE0A28EE770FF70FDC0" box="[151,250,530,555]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dunedin</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372A0CB6533FFE0A31FE771FE2AFDC0" box="[262,416,530,555]" name="New Zealand" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1923.
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9F3F736533FFE0A3EBE771FD90FDC0" box="[498,538,531,555]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<date id="FFDBC69B6533FFE0A3EBE771FD90FDC0" box="[498,538,531,555]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">V.3</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2690858D6533FFE0A03EE771FCCAFDC0" box="[551,832,530,555]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R. E. Trebilcock. Details</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
—NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A1B2E770FB8BFDC0" box="[939,1025,530,555]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57894" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57894</accessionNumber>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A609E770FBFAFDC0" box="[1040,1136,530,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1445,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type samples, nematocyst and SEM scanning images. (A – C), Fraseroscyphus hozawai, A, lectotype, ZSM 20040228, paralectotype, ZSM 20041654, 20041655; (D – E) F. irregularis, (D) NMV F 57894, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (E) paralectotype, NMV F 57941; (F – G) F. macrogonus, (F) NMV F 57892.1, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (G) NMV F 57892.2, paralectotype. (H – I), nematocyst capsules of F. ho z aw ai, (H) from California, MBM 280124, (I) from China, MBM 280006, 280266, 280267, H 1 – H 10, I 1 – I 4, type I, H 11, I 5 – I 6, type II, I 4 and I 6 discharged. (J) F. irregularis, NMV F 57939.1, J 1 – J 3, type I, J 4 – J 5, type II; (K) F. macrogonus, NMV F 57892.1, K 1 – K 3, type I, K 4 – K 5, type II. (L – M) SEM images F. hozawai, (L) from California, lectotype, SBMNH 347307, (M) from China, MBM 280292. (N – O), fine groves on a female gonotheca (deformed) with acrocyst, from China, MBM 102663. Scale bars: A – C = 1 cm; D – G = 1 cm; H – K = 10 µm; L – M = 150 µm; N = 500 µm; O = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267874/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D), two colonies and three fragments, six male gonothecae (three originating from within the hydrothecal cavity, two growing below hydrothecae, one detached).—NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A020E738FD04FD98" box="[569,654,602,627]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57941" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57941</accessionNumber>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A087E738FD74FD98" box="[670,766,602,627]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1445,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type samples, nematocyst and SEM scanning images. (A – C), Fraseroscyphus hozawai, A, lectotype, ZSM 20040228, paralectotype, ZSM 20041654, 20041655; (D – E) F. irregularis, (D) NMV F 57894, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (E) paralectotype, NMV F 57941; (F – G) F. macrogonus, (F) NMV F 57892.1, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (G) NMV F 57892.2, paralectotype. (H – I), nematocyst capsules of F. ho z aw ai, (H) from California, MBM 280124, (I) from China, MBM 280006, 280266, 280267, H 1 – H 10, I 1 – I 4, type I, H 11, I 5 – I 6, type II, I 4 and I 6 discharged. (J) F. irregularis, NMV F 57939.1, J 1 – J 3, type I, J 4 – J 5, type II; (K) F. macrogonus, NMV F 57892.1, K 1 – K 3, type I, K 4 – K 5, type II. (L – M) SEM images F. hozawai, (L) from California, lectotype, SBMNH 347307, (M) from China, MBM 280292. (N – O), fine groves on a female gonotheca (deformed) with acrocyst, from China, MBM 102663. Scale bars: A – C = 1 cm; D – G = 1 cm; H – K = 10 µm; L – M = 150 µm; N = 500 µm; O = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267874/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E), slide sample, one colony, single stolon twisted in mass, diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D4DBE6533FFE0A31BE71DFECDFD7D" box="[258,327,639,663]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, no gonothecae, two hydranths extending out of hydrothecae, nematocyst capsules clear.—NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A28EE7C0FF65FD50" box="[151,239,674,699]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57939" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57939</accessionNumber>
|
||
, comprising remnant parent lot and three nematocyst slides (NMV F57939.1–F57939.3), 22 colonies and nine fragments, 38 female gonothecae (26 originating from within the hydrothecal cavity, seven growing below hydrothecae, five detached), four clinging organs, diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D4DBE6533FFE0A14BE789FC71FCE9" box="[850,1019,747,771]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8999999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.11" valueMax="0.13" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
, with 2–5 lobes.—NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A731E788FA0BFCE8" box="[1320,1409,746,771]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57940" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57940</accessionNumber>
|
||
, a colony creeping on alga, more than five detached gonothecae, possibly female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE650FC27FC5C" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A2DEE650FE5CFCA0" bold="true" box="[199,470,818,843]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Lectotype designation.</emphasis>
|
||
—Lectotype, a fragment on the slide NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A1D6E650FBAEFCA0" box="[975,1060,818,843]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57894" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57894</accessionNumber>
|
||
as shown by an arrow in
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A74AE650FF2EFC84" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1445,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type samples, nematocyst and SEM scanning images. (A – C), Fraseroscyphus hozawai, A, lectotype, ZSM 20040228, paralectotype, ZSM 20041654, 20041655; (D – E) F. irregularis, (D) NMV F 57894, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (E) paralectotype, NMV F 57941; (F – G) F. macrogonus, (F) NMV F 57892.1, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (G) NMV F 57892.2, paralectotype. (H – I), nematocyst capsules of F. ho z aw ai, (H) from California, MBM 280124, (I) from China, MBM 280006, 280266, 280267, H 1 – H 10, I 1 – I 4, type I, H 11, I 5 – I 6, type II, I 4 and I 6 discharged. (J) F. irregularis, NMV F 57939.1, J 1 – J 3, type I, J 4 – J 5, type II; (K) F. macrogonus, NMV F 57892.1, K 1 – K 3, type I, K 4 – K 5, type II. (L – M) SEM images F. hozawai, (L) from California, lectotype, SBMNH 347307, (M) from China, MBM 280292. (N – O), fine groves on a female gonotheca (deformed) with acrocyst, from China, MBM 102663. Scale bars: A – C = 1 cm; D – G = 1 cm; H – K = 10 µm; L – M = 150 µm; N = 500 µm; O = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267874/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, the best preserved fertile fragment in type material, male.—Paralectotypes, the remaining fragments on the slide NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A307E618FEFDFC78" box="[286,375,890,915]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57894" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57894</accessionNumber>
|
||
, male; NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A00CE618FDE0FC78" box="[533,618,890,915]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57939" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57939</accessionNumber>
|
||
(female), comprising of three newly prepared nematocyst slides (NMV F57939.1–F57939.3), NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A3C3E6FCFDA5FC5C" box="[474,559,926,951]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57940" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57940</accessionNumber>
|
||
(possibly female), NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A149E6FCFC23FC5C" box="[848,937,926,951]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57941" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57941</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FB3D06533FFE0A2DEE6A0FA81F988" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE6A0FD67FC30" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" box="[199,749,962,987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A2DEE6A0FEF7FC30" bold="true" box="[199,381,962,987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
Full details are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E7D5E06533FFE0A08DE6A0FD63FC30" box="[660,745,962,987]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,239,692,715]" captionText="TABLE 6. Measurements of the species of the genus Fraseroscyphus." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE684FC37FAA8" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A2DEE684FED3FC14" bold="true" box="[199,345,998,1023]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Trophosome. Colony small (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A0DBE684FCA0FC14" box="[706,810,998,1023]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1445,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type samples, nematocyst and SEM scanning images. (A – C), Fraseroscyphus hozawai, A, lectotype, ZSM 20040228, paralectotype, ZSM 20041654, 20041655; (D – E) F. irregularis, (D) NMV F 57894, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (E) paralectotype, NMV F 57941; (F – G) F. macrogonus, (F) NMV F 57892.1, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (G) NMV F 57892.2, paralectotype. (H – I), nematocyst capsules of F. ho z aw ai, (H) from California, MBM 280124, (I) from China, MBM 280006, 280266, 280267, H 1 – H 10, I 1 – I 4, type I, H 11, I 5 – I 6, type II, I 4 and I 6 discharged. (J) F. irregularis, NMV F 57939.1, J 1 – J 3, type I, J 4 – J 5, type II; (K) F. macrogonus, NMV F 57892.1, K 1 – K 3, type I, K 4 – K 5, type II. (L – M) SEM images F. hozawai, (L) from California, lectotype, SBMNH 347307, (M) from China, MBM 280292. (N – O), fine groves on a female gonotheca (deformed) with acrocyst, from China, MBM 102663. Scale bars: A – C = 1 cm; D – G = 1 cm; H – K = 10 µm; L – M = 150 µm; N = 500 µm; O = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267874/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D), irregular hydrorhiza creeping on coralline alga, hydrocaulus monosiphonic, origin from stolons, erect, slightly zigzag, with two to six transverse annulations at base, irregularly branched, without apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A0DDE14CFCA1FBAC" box="[708,811,1070,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B), with or without branchlet, also with one to two transverse annulations at base, no axillary hydrotheca. Regular and oblique nodes on hydrocaulus and hydrocladium, each internode slightly constricted at the distal end and bearing a hydrotheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A716E114FAFDFB64" box="[1295,1399,1142,1167]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A); hydrothecae arranged spirally in three longitudinal rows forming an angle of about 60º between every two rows (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A287E1DCFF75FB3C" box="[158,255,1214,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A); hydrotheca tubular, no wrinkles or lines on the surface, a third of the adcauline part adnate, bending outwards; margin of hydrothecal aperture with three cusps, one adcauline and two lateral abcauline, abcauline cusps slightly larger, no intrathecal teeth; operculum composed of three triangular flaps forming a pyramid; retracted hydranth with poorly developed abcauline caecum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A15DE048FC2FFAA8" box="[836,933,1322,1347]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Figure
|
||
<date id="FFDBC69B6533FFE0A18FE048FC2FFAA8" box="[918,933,1322,1347]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">5</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE02CFB15FA44" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Clinging organ. Directly attached to hydrocaulus or stolon, composed of two to four repeated bubbly lobes opening distally with very thin perisarc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A09EE010FD67FA60" box="[647,749,1394,1419]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
G), accompanied by annulations near node; mature lobes connecting to several processes which might develop into branchlets or stolons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A603E0F4FBF0FA44" box="[1050,1146,1430,1455]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE0D9FD9DF9D4" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Gonosome. Gonothecae large, three to four times the size of hydrotheca, generally origin from within the hydrothecal cavity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A360E0BCFE50FA1C" box="[377,474,1502,1527]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D), or growing at the base of hydrotheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A1F8E0BCFBCBFA1C" box="[993,1089,1502,1527]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
E–F), pedicellate, with a short distal neck which slightly expands at distal end; male gonotheca subsphaeroidal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A635E360FB06F9F0" box="[1068,1164,1538,1563]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C, F), female gonotheca long and orbicular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A36AE344FE58F9D4" box="[371,466,1574,1599]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE329FA81F988" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" box="[199,1291,1610,1635]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Nematocysts. Two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE5EF96533FFE0A387E329FE56F988" box="[414,476,1611,1635]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, varying in length and width, capsule spindle-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A625E328FB2DF988" box="[1084,1191,1610,1635]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1445,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,338,1423]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type samples, nematocyst and SEM scanning images. (A – C), Fraseroscyphus hozawai, A, lectotype, ZSM 20040228, paralectotype, ZSM 20041654, 20041655; (D – E) F. irregularis, (D) NMV F 57894, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (E) paralectotype, NMV F 57941; (F – G) F. macrogonus, (F) NMV F 57892.1, the arrow showing the lectotype, the others paralectotype, (G) NMV F 57892.2, paralectotype. (H – I), nematocyst capsules of F. ho z aw ai, (H) from California, MBM 280124, (I) from China, MBM 280006, 280266, 280267, H 1 – H 10, I 1 – I 4, type I, H 11, I 5 – I 6, type II, I 4 and I 6 discharged. (J) F. irregularis, NMV F 57939.1, J 1 – J 3, type I, J 4 – J 5, type II; (K) F. macrogonus, NMV F 57892.1, K 1 – K 3, type I, K 4 – K 5, type II. (L – M) SEM images F. hozawai, (L) from California, lectotype, SBMNH 347307, (M) from China, MBM 280292. (N – O), fine groves on a female gonotheca (deformed) with acrocyst, from China, MBM 102663. Scale bars: A – C = 1 cm; D – G = 1 cm; H – K = 10 µm; L – M = 150 µm; N = 500 µm; O = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267874/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figures 3</figureCitation>
|
||
J, 5J–K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FB3D06533FFE0A2DEE30CFC7EF940" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE30CFC7EF940" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A2DEE30CFEEAF96C" bold="true" box="[199,352,1646,1671]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Only reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372A0CB6533FFE0A050E30DFD55F96C" box="[585,735,1646,1671]" name="New Zealand" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A0F7E30CFCDBF96C" box="[750,849,1646,1671]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1725,1747]" captionTargetBox="[173,1407,1028,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[173,1413,1026,1694]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 7. Worldwide distribution of Fraseroscyphus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267878/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 7</figureCitation>
|
||
): St. Clair, Dunedin; Taylors Mistake, Christchurch, Woodpecker Bay (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A37FE3F0FDA8F940" author="Trebilcock" box="[358,546,1682,1707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Trebilcock, R. E. (1928) Notes on New Zealand Hydroida. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 41, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1928">Trebilcock 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A037E3F0FD35F940" author="Ralph" box="[558,703,1682,1707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Ralph, P. M. (1961 a) New Zealand thecate hydroids. Part III. - Family Sertulariidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 88, 749 - 838." type="journal article" year="1961" yearSuffix="a">Ralph 1961a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A0D2E3F1FC62F940" author="Vervoort" box="[715,1000,1683,1707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FB3D06533FFE7A2DEE3D4FA08FF13" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE0A2DEE3D4FAD3F8B4" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A2DEE3D4FEB1F924" bold="true" box="[199,315,1718,1743]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C659BD86533FFE0A09FE3D4FB04F924" authority="Trebilcock (1928)" authorityName="Trebilcock" authorityYear="1928" box="[646,1166,1718,1743]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Fraseroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9113C496533FFE0A09FE3D4FC3DF924" box="[646,951,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fraseroscyphus irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A1DCE3D4FB04F924" author="Trebilcock" box="[965,1166,1718,1743]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Trebilcock, R. E. (1928) Notes on New Zealand Hydroida. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 41, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1928">Trebilcock (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
illustrated two different gonothecae (Plate 5, 1a and 1b) but did not mention their sex. After the re-examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE5EF96533FFE0A6D4E3B9FB77F918" box="[1229,1277,1755,1779]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material with abundant gonothecae, the male and female can be easily identified due to the existence of large and dense sperm masses in mature male gonothecae. The sex of the original figure 1a was found to be female and 1b male, while the gonothecae in two other related illustrations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A08BE224FCAFF8B4" author="Ralph" box="[658,805,1862,1887]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Ralph, P. M. (1961 a) New Zealand thecate hydroids. Part III. - Family Sertulariidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 88, 749 - 838." type="journal article" year="1961" yearSuffix="a">Ralph 1961a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A128E225FBC1F8B4" author="Vervoort" box="[817,1099,1863,1887]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) should be both female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAE05B6533FFE7A2DEE208FA08FF13" blockId="19.[151,1437,386,2031]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A2DEE208FE1BF868" author="Trebilcock" box="[199,401,1898,1923]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Trebilcock, R. E. (1928) Notes on New Zealand Hydroida. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 41, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1928">Trebilcock (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the abcauline caecum was rudimentally developed. This character is not clear in the type slides. However, it can still be easily and clearly observed in some hydrothecae in the ethanol sample NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86533FFE0A2FDE2D0FEB6F820" box="[228,316,1970,1995]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57939" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="EnaNcbi">F57939</accessionNumber>
|
||
, although most tissues are decomposed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6533FFE0A106E2D0FC0EF820" box="[799,900,1970,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Figure
|
||
<date id="FFDBC69B6533FFE0A16CE2D0FC0EF820" box="[885,900,1970,1995]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">5</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A1B1E2D0FBC4F820" author="Ralph" box="[936,1102,1970,1995]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Ralph, P. M. (1961 a) New Zealand thecate hydroids. Part III. - Family Sertulariidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 88, 749 - 838." type="journal article" year="1961" yearSuffix="a">Ralph (1961a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also observed the abcauline caecum, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF49DAA6533FFE0A33CE2B5FDC5F804" author="Vervoort" box="[293,591,2007,2031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not observe this character after they re-examined Ralph's samples. This might have been due to the poor quality of the samples, or the rudimentally developed morphology of the abcauline caecum leading to it being overlooked. Moreover, Trebilcock did not note the clinging organs in his original description, however, at least four clinging organs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EFCDE6534FFE7A0CCE5BDFCBEFF13" box="[725,820,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,309,1251]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,303,1256]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fraseroscyphus irregularis. (A) hydrocaulus; (B) lower part of a colony; (C) male gonotheca; (D) female gonothecae origin from within cavity of a broken hydrotheca; (E) female gonotheca growing at the base of hydrotheca; (F) male gonothecae growing at the base of hydrothecae; (G) juvenile clinging organ; (H) over matured clinging organ on hydrocaulus; (I) abcauline caecum; (J – K) nematocyst capsules. Samples: A, C, lectotype, NMV F 57894; B, F, paralectotype, NMV F 57894; D – E, G – I, paralectotype, NMV F 57939; J – K, NMV F 57939.1. Scale Bars: A – F, H = 0.5 mm; G – I = 0.2 mm; J – K = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267876/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H) are present in the type material NMV
|
||
<accessionNumber id="94367DB86534FFE7A73CE5BDFAF4FF13" box="[1317,1406,223,248]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/F57939" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="EnaNcbi">F57939</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |