216 lines
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216 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac081" ID-GBIF-Dataset="158ca173-3de9-44e6-85e7-a3ea32eca394" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7573837" checkinTime="1674751350539" checkinUser="juliana" docAuthor="Marcaigh, Fionn Ó, Kelly, David J., O’Connell, Darren P., Analuddin, Kangkuso, Karya, Adi, Mccloughan, Jennifer, Tolan, Ellen, Lawless, Naomi, Marples, Nicola M., O, Darren P. & Connell" docDate="2022" docId="03A18781FFF54014FC461ADE1484FE69" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.CLXVI.CLXVI.1-21.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society CLXVI (CLXVI)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/advance-article/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac081/6759114" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Leptocoma Cabanis 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FF98FFF9FFF94019FF901C671723FF86" masterDocTitle="Small islands and large biogeographic barriers have driven contrasting speciation patterns in Indo-Pacific sunbirds (Aves: Nectariniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1674751959855" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Small islands and large biogeographic barriers have driven contrasting speciation patterns in Indo-Pacific sunbirds (Aves: Nectariniidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Marcaigh, Fionn Ó</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Kelly, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>O’Connell, Darren P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Analuddin, Kangkuso</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Karya, Adi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mccloughan, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tolan, Ellen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lawless, Naomi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Marples, Nicola M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>O, Darren P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Connell</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-10-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>CLXVI</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:number>CLXVI</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac081</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">158ca173-3de9-44e6-85e7-a3ea32eca394</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7573845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7573845" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A18781FFF54014FC461ADE1484FE69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A18781FFF54014FC461ADE1484FE69" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection box="[982,1252,1721,1744]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[982,1252,1721,1744]" box="[982,1252,1721,1744]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading box="[982,1252,1721,1744]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="5CXX" ID-ENA="632600" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1850" box="[982,1121,1721,1744]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Leptocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[982,999,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis box="[999,1121,1724,1744]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">LEPTOCOMA</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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TAXONOMY
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[809,1425,1761,1906]" lastBlockId="13.[144,761,197,1906]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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The movement of species between the genera
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1816" box="[1319,1418,1762,1783]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Cinnyris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1319,1418,1762,1783]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cinnyris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1850" box="[809,940,1793,1814]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Leptocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[809,940,1793,1814]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptocoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[1007,1138,1792,1813]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Nectarinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1007,1138,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Nectarinia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has previously caused confusion for taxonomists working with the black sunbird (
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<bibRefCitation author="LeCroy M" box="[912,1060,1853,1874]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 178" part="333" refId="ref14586" refString="LeCroy M. 2010. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History part 8. Passeriformes: Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, and Nectariniidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 333: 1 - 178." title="Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History part 8. Passeriformes: Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, and Nectariniidae" type="journal article" year="2010">LeCroy, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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). Our analyses suggest that the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1850" box="[809,931,1884,1905]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Leptocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[809,931,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptocoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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genus is not monophyletic (
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<figureCitation box="[1240,1301,1884,1906]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[145,225,663,685]" captionTargetBox="[145,1424,196,593]" captionTargetId="graphics-601@8.[180,1218,209,586]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Simplified version of a combined maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian phylogenetic tree of Cinnyris and Leptocoma species sampled in Wallacea and the Sahul Shelf. In this figure, the outgroup is omitted and each major clade in the data is collapsed into a single branch. Tips representing focal populations are marked with coloured circles. Nodes are labelled with Bayesian probability/ ML bootstraps. Full versions of the ML and Bayesian trees, including all outgroup taxa, are provided in the Supporting Information (Figs S7, S8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7573843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7573843/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). However, the genus-level branches in our tree had lower support than the species- and subspecies-level branches due to our use of mtDNA. We strongly recommend further sequencing of all species within
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1850" box="[523,648,290,311]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Leptocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[523,648,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leptocoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to clarify the genus taxonomy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[144,761,197,1906]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Previous research based on plumage differences has not proposed any splits or ‘limbo splits’ within the black sunbird (
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<bibRefCitation author="Eaton JA & van Balen B & Brickle NW & Rheindt FE" bookContentInfo="Barcelona: Lynx Edicions." box="[254,466,412,434]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref13738" refString="Eaton JA, van Balen B, Brickle NW, Rheindt FE. 2021. Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago: Greater Sundas and Wallacea, 2 nd ed. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions." title="Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago: Greater Sundas and Wallacea, 2 nd ed" type="book" year="2021">
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Eaton
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<emphasis box="[334,394,412,434]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2021
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Nonetheless, we found that the black sunbird exhibited genetic divergence consistent with a species-level split between Wallacea and the Sahul Shelf, with a high genetic distance between Sulawesi and PNG (9.1%). This presents a marked contrast to the ‘Sahul sunbird’, which exhibited minimal divergence between those same populations. Further sequencing of birds from intervening areas (such as the Maluku Islands) would help to clarify the boundaries between these potential species. As several intervening populations are absent from our analysis, we cannot rule out the possibility of clinal variation between the Sulawesi and PNG populations (
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<bibRefCitation author="Brumfield RT" box="[153,347,810,832]" journalOrPublisher="The Auk" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="414 - 432" part="122" refId="ref13215" refString="Brumfield RT. 2005. Mitochondrial variation in Bolivian populations of the variable antshrike (Thamnophilus caerulescens). The Auk 122: 414 - 432." title="Mitochondrial variation in Bolivian populations of the variable antshrike (Thamnophilus caerulescens)" type="journal article" year="2005">Brumfield, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Cros E & Rheindt FE" box="[363,626,810,832]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Ornithology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="407 - 419" part="158" refId="ref13522" refString="Cros E, Rheindt FE. 2017. Massive bioacoustic analysis suggests introgression across Pleistocene land bridges in Mixornis tit-babblers. Journal of Ornithology 158: 407 - 419." title="Massive bioacoustic analysis suggests introgression across Pleistocene land bridges in Mixornis tit-babblers" type="journal article" year="2017">Cros & Rheindt, 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). However, the genetic divergence we found was so strong (mean p-distance of 9.1%, higher than any observed in the olive-backed sunbird complex) that it seems more likely the two populations represent two species. The patterns we have observed suggest a division along Lydekker’s Line, and so we predict that sampling of the intervening populations would show a Wallacean species occurring from Sulawesi to the Maluku Islands and a separate species on New Guinea. This would involve the elevation of one of the Wallacean subspecies names to species level, as
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<bibRefCitation author="Lesson RP & Garnot P" bookContentInfo="and Atlas" box="[467,760,1148,1170]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="676" part="30" refId="ref14820" refString="Lesson RP, Garnot P. 1828. Cinnyris aspasia. In: Voyage autour du monde execute par order du Roi, sur la corvette de Sa Majeste, la Coquille, pendant les annees 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Paris: Arthus Bertrand, Vol. I (p. 676) and Atlas (pl. 30)." title="Cinnyris aspasia" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Voyage autour du monde execute par order du Roi, sur la corvette de Sa Majeste, la Coquille, pendant les annees 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Paris: Arthus Bertrand, Vol. I" year="1828">Lesson & Garnot (1828)</bibRefCitation>
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named the black sunbird initially for a specimen from Manokwari (Doréry) on the New Guinea mainland. The discovery of cryptic species in the black sunbird highlights the importance of comprehensive sampling of species across their range, even in the absence of obvious plumage differences.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[144,761,197,1906]" lastBlockId="13.[808,1424,197,495]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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The structure within the black sunbird contrasted with the patterns shown by the olive-backed sunbird and ‘Sahul sunbird’ in several ways. The black sunbird exhibited a split between Sulawesi and PNG, where the ‘Sahul sunbird’ had a continuous population. The black sunbird also exhibited structure within both of these regions. Most taxonomic treatments (
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<bibRefCitation author="Cheke RA & Mann CF & Allen R" bookContentInfo="London: Christopher Helm." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref13371" refString="Cheke RA, Mann CF, Allen R. 2001. Sunbirds: a guide to the sunbirds, flowerpeckers, spiderhunters and sugarbirds of the world. London: Christopher Helm." title="Sunbirds: a guide to the sunbirds, flowerpeckers, spiderhunters and sugarbirds of the world" type="book" year="2001">
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Cheke
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<emphasis box="[144,205,1577,1599]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Billerman SM & Keeney BK & Rodewald PG & Schulenberg TS" bookContentInfo="Ithaca: Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology" box="[296,563,1577,1599]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref13015" refString="Billerman SM, Keeney BK, Rodewald PG, Schulenberg TS. 2022. Birds of the world. Ithaca: Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology." title="Birds of the world" type="book" year="2022">
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Billerman
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<emphasis box="[428,490,1577,1599]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2022
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</bibRefCitation>
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) split the black sunbird into distinct subspecies in PNG’s Western Province (
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<emphasis box="[256,395,1639,1660]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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L. a.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson & Garnot" authorityYear="1828" box="[308,395,1639,1660]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Leptocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspasia">aspasia</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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), Northern Province (
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<emphasis box="[638,759,1639,1660]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. a. vicina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Mayr E" box="[144,268,1669,1691]" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 8" part="869" refId="ref15197" refString="Mayr E. 1936. New subspecies of birds from the New Guinea region. American Museum Novitates 869: 1 - 8." title="New subspecies of birds from the New Guinea region" type="journal article" year="1936">Mayr 1936</bibRefCitation>
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) and the Bismarck Islands (
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<emphasis box="[599,745,1670,1691]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. a. corinna</emphasis>
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). However,
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<bibRefCitation accessDate="2022-02-17" author="Gill F & Donsker DB & Rasmussen PC" box="[262,461,1700,1722]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" publicationUrl="https://www.worldbirdnames.org/" refId="ref13829" refString="Gill F, Donsker DB, Rasmussen PC. 2022. IOC World Bird List (version 12.1). https: // www. worldbirdnames. org /. Accessed 17 February 2022." title="IOC World Bird List (version 12.1)" type="url" year="2022">
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Gill
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<emphasis box="[316,379,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
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(2022)
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</bibRefCitation>
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merged
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<emphasis box="[570,704,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. a. vicina</emphasis>
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into
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<emphasis box="[146,303,1731,1752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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L. a.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson & Garnot" authorityYear="1828" box="[210,303,1731,1752]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Leptocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspasia">aspasia</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, following
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<bibRefCitation author="Rand AL" bookContentInfo="Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology" box="[444,596,1730,1752]" editor="Paynter R Jr" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="208 - 289" refId="ref16503" refString="Rand AL. 1967. Family Nectariniidae. In: Paynter R Jr, ed. Check-list of birds of the world. Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 208 - 289." title="Family Nectariniidae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Check-list of birds of the world" year="1967">Rand (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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. Our genetic work supports
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<emphasis box="[339,504,1762,1783]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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L. a.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson & Garnot" authorityYear="1828" box="[409,504,1762,1783]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Leptocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspasia">aspasia</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[574,721,1762,1783]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. a. vicina</emphasis>
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as distinct subspecies, whereas
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<emphasis box="[483,630,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">L. a. corinna</emphasis>
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appears to warrant species status based on ABGD. However, as this was based on a single sequence, we recommend that the Bismarck populations be examined further before a judgement is made. The Menui black sunbird population was genetically distinct from Sulawesi and the land-bridge islands, with a mean genetic distance (1.72%), a distance greater than that between the two subspecies in PNG (1.48%). This population was also found to be distinct in wing length, bill length, weight and tarsus length (MANOVA,
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<emphasis box="[1168,1184,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<collectionCode box="[1168,1184,382,403]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P</collectionCode>
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</emphasis>
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<
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<quantity box="[1213,1309,381,403]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.001">0.001 in</quantity>
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females). These findings suggest the Menui population of black sunbird may warrant recognition as an endemic subspecies.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |