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<document id="EBF695776686C5AE23525F1E0CBC5818" ID-CLB-Dataset="5275" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a15" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a8353504-9387-42cf-8d81-8ecacbe9bd90" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5101757" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DC259A19-9B35-4B33-AD9F-44F4E1DA9983" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1626265680997" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Suzuki, Noritoshi, Caulet, Jean-Pierre &amp; Dumitrica, Paulian" docDate="2021" docId="038DDA73FF84FE25065CFEC6FA48497C" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.43.15.405-573.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 43 (15)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lithocyclioidea Ehrenberg 1846" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="419" masterDocId="FFB4A20BFF94FE350535FFD1FFF94F6C" masterDocTitle="A new integrated morpho- and molecular systematic classification of Cenozoic radiolarians (Class Polycystinea) - suprageneric taxonomy and logical nomenclatorial acts" masterLastPageNumber="573" masterPageNumber="405" pageNumber="419" updateTime="1699036812067" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="07D0D844A367C0AF11D4E3C6B3DADE2C">A new integrated morpho- and molecular systematic classification of Cenozoic radiolarians (Class Polycystinea) - suprageneric taxonomy and logical nomenclatorial acts</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E87E3A5B41197B3E21F94EE2AFD52127">Suzuki, Noritoshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A752152D80EBD50F9815B73E658D176F">Caulet, Jean-Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71F6E45A9759B73542E8130ED41AD0BF">Dumitrica, Paulian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9865AB428FA0BC9220C4F164E26A6C2A">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="13AEA187A7F9B286D9985999EFA26F18">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9FBA710AE49B22AD94FF745A6BBC0416">2021-07-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="54102BF8F9B79E8DE59005E6CDCBC3F6">43</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038DDA73FF84FE25065CFEC6FA48497C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183733835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DDA73FF84FE25065CFEC6FA48497C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038DDA73FF84FE25065CFEC6FA48497C" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF84FE25065CFEC6FA8A4E5D" box="[873,1395,279,306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE25065CFEC6FA8A4E5D" blockId="16.[873,1395,279,306]" box="[873,1395,279,306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
<heading id="D0D3DC09FF84FE25065CFEC6FA8A4E5D" box="[873,1395,279,306]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" reason="7">
Superfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE2506C7FEC9FA8A4E5D" authority="Ehrenberg, 1846" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1846" box="[1010,1395,279,306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Lithocyclioidea">
LITHOCYCLIOIDEA
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE250188FEC6FA8A4E5D" author="EHRENBERG C. G." box="[1213,1395,279,305]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="382 - 385" refId="ref176119" refString="EHRENBERG C. G. 1846. - Uber eine halibiolithische, von Herrn R. Schomburgk entdeckte, vorherrschend aus mikroskopischen Polycystinen gebildete, Gebirgsmasse von Barbados. Bericht uber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin: 382 - 385. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 11056086" type="book chapter" year="1846">Ehrenberg, 1846</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF84FE250618FE83FB264C42" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FE83FAE24E06" blockId="16.[813,1307,338,362]" box="[813,1307,338,362]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Lithocyclidina
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE25068AFE83FB6E4E06" author="EHRENBERG C. G." box="[959,1175,338,362]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="382 - 385" refId="ref176119" refString="EHRENBERG C. G. 1846. - Uber eine halibiolithische, von Herrn R. Schomburgk entdeckte, vorherrschend aus mikroskopischen Polycystinen gebildete, Gebirgsmasse von Barbados. Bericht uber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin: 382 - 385. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 11056086" type="book chapter" year="1846">Ehrenberg, 1846: 385</bibRefCitation>
[as a family].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FE52FB744EBC" blockId="16.[811,1455,387,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Phacodiscaria
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE250683FE52FB8C4EF0" author="HAECKEL E." box="[950,1141,387,412]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" refId="ref179311" refString="HAECKEL E. 1887. - Report on the Radiolaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology 18: clxxxviii + 1803. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 23487916" type="url" year="1887">Haeckel, 1887: 409</bibRefCitation>
[as a section between family and suborder]. —
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE250680FE4FFB884EDA" author="CHEDIYA D. M." box="[949,1137,414,438]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" refId="ref172052" refString="CHEDIYA D. M. 1959. - Obzor Sistematiki Radiolyarii, Tadzhikskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Stalingrad, 330 and corrigenda p. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1959">Chediya 1959: 120</bibRefCitation>
[as a group between superfamily and family]. — Anderson 1983: 24.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FE3BFA494D70" blockId="16.[813,1456,490,540]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Coccodiscaea –
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE2506E6FE3BFAF24D6E" author="LOEBLICH A. R. &amp; TAPPAN H." box="[979,1291,490,514]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="213 - 234" refId="ref185464" refString="LOEBLICH A. R. &amp; TAPPAN H. 1961. - Remarks on the systematics of the Sarkodina (Protozoa), renamed homonyms and new validated genera. Proceedings of the biological Society of Washington 74: 213 - 234. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42295598" type="journal article" year="1961">Loeblich &amp; Tappan 1961: 224</bibRefCitation>
[as a superfamily]. —
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE250643FDD4FB924D70" author="KOZUR H. &amp; MOSTLER H." box="[886,1131,516,540]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref183218" refString="KOZUR H. &amp; MOSTLER H. 1972. - Beitrage zur Erforschung der mesozoischen Radiolarien. Teil I: Revision der Oberfamilie Coccodiscacea HAECKEL 1862 emend. und Beschreibung ihrer triassischen Vertreter. Geologisch Palaontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 2: 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="1972">Kozur &amp; Mostler 1972: 7</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE250142FDD4FB0F4D70" authority="emend." box="[1143,1270,516,540]" class="Polycystina" family="Theoperidae" genus="Calocyclas" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="16" pageNumber="411" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="sensu">
<emphasis id="B950B777FF84FE250142FDD4FB5F4D70" box="[1143,1190,517,540]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">sensu</emphasis>
emend.
</taxonomicName>
) [as a superfamily].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FDE7FA494D22" blockId="16.[813,1456,566,590]" box="[813,1456,566,590]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Coccodiscilae –
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE2506F7FDE7FB194D22" author="LOEBLICH A. R. &amp; TAPPAN H." box="[962,1248,566,590]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="213 - 234" refId="ref185464" refString="LOEBLICH A. R. &amp; TAPPAN H. 1961. - Remarks on the systematics of the Sarkodina (Protozoa), renamed homonyms and new validated genera. Proceedings of the biological Society of Washington 74: 213 - 234. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42295598" type="journal article" year="1961">Loeblich &amp; Tappan 1961: 224</bibRefCitation>
[as a subsuperfamily].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FDB6FB534D13" blockId="16.[813,1194,615,639]" box="[813,1194,615,639]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Coccodiscoidea –
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE2506EBFDB6FB5F4D13" author="DUMITRICA P." box="[990,1190,615,639]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="9 - 35" refId="ref174122" refString="DUMITRICA P. 1979. - Clasa Actinopoda, in NEAGU T. (ed.), Micropaleontologie. Protozoare. Editura Technica, Bucharest, Romania: 9 - 35." type="book chapter" year="1979">Dumitrica 1979: 21</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FD49FAA24DDC" blockId="16.[813,1371,664,689]" box="[813,1371,664,689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Phacodiscariacea –
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE2506DCFD49FB584DDD" author="LIPMAN R. K." box="[1001,1185,664,689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" refId="ref185352" refString="LIPMAN R. K. 1979. - A handbook for the study of fossil radiolarians. Vsesoyuznyy Ordena Lenina Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Geologicheskiy Institut im A. P, Karpinskogo, Transactions of the All Union Scientific Research Institute of Geology (VSEGEI), new series, 128 p. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1979">Lipman 1979: 114</bibRefCitation>
[as a superfamily].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FD1BFC564D90" blockId="16.[813,1455,714,764]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Artiscacea [
<emphasis id="B950B777FF84FE2506A8FD1AFC4A4D8E" box="[925,947,715,738]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">sic</emphasis>
] –
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE2506E3FD1BFB264D8E" author="KOZUR H. &amp; MOSTLER H." box="[982,1247,714,738]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref183303" refString="KOZUR H. &amp; MOSTLER H. 1979. - Beitrage zur Erforschung der mesozoischen Radiolarien. Teil III: Die Oberfamilien Actinommacea HAECKEL 1862 emend., Artiscacea HAECKEL 1882, Multiarcusellacea nov. der Spumellaria und triassische Nassellaria. Geologisch Palaontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 9 (1 / 2): 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1979">Kozur &amp; Mostler 1979: 47</bibRefCitation>
[
<emphasis id="B950B777FF84FE2501DBFD1AFA874D8E" box="[1262,1406,714,738]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">nomen dubium</emphasis>
, as a superfamily].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FCC7FB264C42" blockId="16.[813,1247,790,814]" box="[813,1247,790,814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
Lithocycliacea –
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE2506E5FCC7FB234C42" author="KOZUR H. &amp; MOSTLER H." box="[976,1242,790,814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref183359" refString="KOZUR H. &amp; MOSTLER H. 1981. - Beitrage zur Erforschung der mesozoischen Radiolarien. Teil IV: Thalassosphaeracea Haeckel, 1862, Hexastylacea Haeckel, 1862 emend. Petrusevskaja, 1979, Sponguracea Haeckel, 1862 emend. und weitere triassische Lithocycliacea, Trematodiscacea, Actinommacea und Nassellaria. Geologisch Palaontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck, Sonderband 1: 1 - 208." type="journal article" year="1981">Kozur &amp; Mostler 1981: 52</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF84FE250618FC99FB8A4BF1" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FC99FB8A4BF1" blockId="16.[811,1457,839,1181]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">DIAGNOSIS. — Central structure comprised of a flattened double medullary shell. The flattened double medullary shell consists of a spherical inner medullary shell (or inner microsphere) and a convex, lens-shaped outer medullary shell. The equatorial plane is defined by a crossing plane that is parallel to the flattened double medullary shell. The double medullary shell that lies at the center of the large latticed shell. Large empty space is present between the large latticed and double medullary shell. The surface of the large latticed shell is parallel to the equatorial plane. Radial beams between the double medullary shell and the cortical shell develop along the shortest distance between the two aforementioned shells. Main appendages or additional structures develop along the longest axis, or on the plane vertical to the shortest axis.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF84FE250618FB06FA48497C" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FB06FC684B83" blockId="16.[811,1457,1239,1553]" box="[813,913,1239,1265]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF84FE250618FB26FA48497C" blockId="16.[811,1457,1239,1553]" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">
The
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE25066FFB26FC054A7D" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1846" box="[858,1020,1271,1297]" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Lithocyclioidea">Lithocyclioidea</taxonomicName>
include the
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE25014EFB26FAF24A7D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[1147,1291,1271,1297]" family="Astracturidae" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="family">Astracturidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE250021FB26FA554A7D" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1846" box="[1300,1452,1271,1297]" family="Lithocycliidae" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="family">Lithocycliidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE25061EFAC6FC604A5D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[811,921,1303,1329]" family="Panartidae" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="family">Panartidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE2506FCFAC6FBA64A5D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[969,1119,1303,1329]" class="Polycystinea" family="Phacodiscidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Phacodiscidae</taxonomicName>
. The
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE2501A1FAC6FACD4A5D" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1846" box="[1172,1332,1303,1329]" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Lithocyclioidea">Lithocyclioidea</taxonomicName>
correspond to the family “
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE2506FDFAE6FB9E4A3D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" box="[968,1127,1335,1361]" class="Polycystina" family="Coccodiscidae" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="family">Coccodiscidae</taxonomicName>
”
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE25014EFAE6FC9A4A1D" authority="De Wever et al. (2001: 121)" authorityName="De Wever" authorityPageNumber="121" authorityYear="2001" class="Polycystina" family="Theoperidae" genus="Calocyclas" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="sensu">
<emphasis id="B950B777FF84FE25014EFAE6FB564A3C" box="[1147,1199,1335,1360]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF84FE250183FAE6FC9A4A1D" author="DE WEVER P. &amp; DUMITRICA P. &amp; CAULET J. P. &amp; NIGRINI C. &amp; CARIDROIT M." pageId="16" pageNumber="419" refId="ref173394" refString="DE WEVER P., DUMITRICA P., CAULET J. P., NIGRINI C. &amp; CARIDROIT M. 2001. - Radiolarians in the sedimentary record, Amsterdam, 533 p. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9781482283181" type="book" year="2001">
De Wever
<emphasis id="B950B777FF84FE250019FAE6FA994A3D" box="[1324,1376,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="419">et al.</emphasis>
(2001: 121)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. To keep consistency in the taxonomy of
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE250011FA87FA524A1C" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1839" box="[1316,1451,1366,1392]" class="Polycystinea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" phylum="Retaria" rank="class">Polycystinea</taxonomicName>
, this rank has been raised to the superfamily level. Three families
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE2506BCFA47FBE24ADC" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[905,1051,1430,1456]" family="Astracturidae" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="family">Astracturidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE250113FA47FB474ADC" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1846" box="[1062,1214,1430,1456]" family="Lithocycliidae" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="family">Lithocycliidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE2501C1FA47FA724ADC" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[1268,1419,1430,1456]" class="Polycystinea" family="Phacodiscidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="16" pageNumber="419" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Phacodiscidae</taxonomicName>
are distinguished by their difference in exterior structure of the outermost latticed shell. The higher taxonomic position of this family is based on the molecular phylogeny of
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF84FE25000FFA27FA54497C" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[1338,1453,1526,1552]" family="Panartidae" pageId="16" pageNumber="568" rank="family">Panartidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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