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<document id="514F525C423C9167B7B1DBC48E8B8DC9" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.326.4.9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13723563" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725668385789" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Berry, Paul E. &amp; Krahl, Amauri Herbert" docDate="2017" docId="C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.326.4.9.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 326 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.326.4.9" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Saxofridericia brasiliensis P. E. Berry &amp; Krahl 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="288" masterDocId="3C216230FFD5FFFCEB58FFD21915FFE3" masterDocTitle="A new species of Saxofridericia subgenus Acrotheca (Rapateaceae) from Amazonas State, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="288" masterPageNumber="284" pageNumber="285" updateTime="1725679558562" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="682F772404DD45A80295C199B69ADB89">A new species of Saxofridericia subgenus Acrotheca (Rapateaceae) from Amazonas State, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F8C6E8D6338D1F1F052BFA56D9D49C43">Berry, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9CA87B4CC6CC2CD1391D419C225CE5A2">Krahl, Amauri Herbert</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3AE73737FA2A7FCCBB4E19D52EC02A74">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus (AM), Brazil, 69.060 - 001</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="074E30C89E4DC5EA90E8B18305C18DBA">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BBEB0F193558CCE37ACBEC75A47D54FC">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="D04FB7FE2A38196E584538B095D3253E" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.326.4.9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0E285FDFB5D39146F1FE3CA49C5B7044" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13723555" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13723555" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="288" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
<subSubSection id="00ABF8D5FFD4FFFDEBD0FF3F1BFAFEEB" box="[136,751,237,264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD4FFFDEBD0FF3F1BFAFEEB" blockId="1.[136,751,237,264]" box="[136,751,237,264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
<heading id="13461C32FFD4FFFDEBD0FF3F1BFAFEEB" box="[136,751,237,264]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD4FFFDEBD0FF3F1B85FEEB" ID-CoL="8X5FP" authority="P.E.Berry &amp; Krahl" authorityName="P. E. Berry &amp; Krahl" authorityYear="2017" box="[136,656,237,264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDEBD0FF3F18A2FEEB" bold="true" box="[136,439,237,264]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Saxofridericia brasiliensis</emphasis>
P.E.Berry &amp; Krahl
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,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDE9C3FF3D1BFAFEEB" box="[667,751,239,264]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="61F6CA37FFD4FFFDE9C3FF3D1BFAFEEB" box="[667,751,239,264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="00ABF8D5FFD4FFFDEBD0FEC71AE3FEAD" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD4FFFDEBD0FEC71AE3FEAD" blockId="1.[136,1452,277,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD4FFFDEB8EFEC71825FEC9" box="[214,304,277,298]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. Amazonas: on white sandstone, km 140 of Manaus-Caracaraí Road,
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD4FFFDE88FFEC71D81FEC9" box="[983,1172,277,298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" value="1973-09-27">27 September 1973</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDEFF9FEC718F1FEAD" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDEFF9FEC71DA1FEC9" box="[1185,1204,277,298]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDEFEFFEC71DDFFEC9" box="[1207,1226,277,298]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Berg,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDEE57FEC71C35FEC9" box="[1295,1312,277,298]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDEE7AFEC71C27FEC9" box="[1314,1330,277,298]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Bisby,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDEE26FEC71C80FEC9" box="[1406,1429,277,298]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDEECFFEC71CBDFEC9" box="[1431,1448,277,298]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Steward &amp;
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.
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. Ramos
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDEAC1FEEB18BDFEAD" box="[409,424,313,334]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
18164
</emphasis>
(
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!,
<typeStatus id="970A15FCFFD4FFFDE9DBFEEB1BC7FEAD" box="[643,722,313,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDE98FFEEB1A01FEAD" box="[727,788,313,334]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">INPA</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD4FFFDE879FEEB1A5AFEAD" box="[801,847,313,334]" country="China" name="Museum of Zoology" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">MG</collectionCode>
!,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD4FFFDE804FEEB1A97FEAD" box="[860,898,313,334]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">US</collectingCountry>
!).
<figureCitation id="D08AB7DBFFD4FFFDE8CEFEEB1ACDFEAD" box="[918,984,313,334]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1464,1485]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,345,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-56@1.[183,1403,345,1438]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Saxofridericia brasiliensis. A. Habitat—campina forest along stream over sandstone outcrop in Reserva Ecológica Lajes near Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas State, Brazil. B. Two adjacent heads in anthesis. C. Habit showing long-petiolate, lanceolate leaves. D. Two heads post-anthesis showing persistent, perfoliate bracts. Note also the long petioles and unequal leaf bases. Photo credits: A, D: P. Berry; B: A. Krahl; C: B. van Ee." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13723565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13723565/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D08AB7DBFFD4FFFDE8BCFEEB1AE7FEAD" box="[996,1010,313,334]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,2014,2035]" captionTargetBox="[173,1427,196,1974]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[153,1435,175,1989]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Saxofridericia brasiliensis. A. Habit. B-C. Inflorescence. D. Flower in side view. E. Flower in front view (A.H. Krahl et al. 250). Drawn by M.M. Corrêa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13723569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13723569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">2</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="1CCEFBD6FFD4FFFDEBD0FA6A18DCF9DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13723565" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13723565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13723565/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" startId="1.[136,229,1464,1485]" targetBox="[183,1403,345,1438]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD4FFFDEBD0FA6A18DCF9DA" blockId="1.[136,1452,1464,1593]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDEBD0FA6A19E2FA2E" bold="true" box="[136,247,1464,1485]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD4FFFDEA5AFA6A1B15FA2E" box="[258,512,1464,1485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDEA5AFA6A1B15FA2E" box="[258,512,1464,1485]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Saxofridericia brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habitat—campina forest along stream over sandstone outcrop in Reserva Ecológica Lajes near Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas State, Brazil. B. Two adjacent heads in anthesis. C. Habit showing long-petiolate, lanceolate leaves. D. Two heads post-anthesis showing persistent, perfoliate bracts. Note also the long petioles and unequal leaf bases. Photo credits: A, D: P. Berry; B: A. Krahl; C: B. van Ee.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="00ABF8D5FFD4FFFFEBD0F9B019E1FE31" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="287" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD4FFFDEBD0F9B018ECF906" blockId="1.[136,1452,1634,2084]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDEBD0F9B01810F998" bold="true" box="[136,261,1634,1659]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD4FFFDEA56F9B01B2CF998" box="[270,569,1634,1659]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDEA56F9B01B2CF998" box="[270,569,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Saxofridericia brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD4FFFDE84DF9B01D81F998" authority="Kornicke" authorityName="Kornicke" box="[789,1172,1634,1659]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD4FFFDE84DF9B01D0AF998" box="[789,1055,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Saxofridericia aculeata</emphasis>
Körnicke
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in the entire to finely spinulose margins of the leaf blades, petioles and upper leaf sheaths (vs. spinose petioles and spinulose leaf margins), narrower leaf blade (
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vs.
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), and lack of finely reticulating tertiary leaf veins (vs. transversely reticulate tertiaries).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD4FFFFEBE5F92219E1FE31" blockId="1.[136,1452,1634,2084]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,160,1417]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="287" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
Terrestrial herbs (0.8)1.0
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tall, sheaths equitant, flattened,
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long,
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wide at the center, entire-margined or finely spinulose. Petioles (5)2570(85) cm long,
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wide, usually 12 times as long as the blade, with a prominent midvein, entire to finely spinulose. Leaf blades
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD4FFFDE8A0F8E51D7FF8B3" box="[1016,1130,1847,1872]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="cm" value="45.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="25.0">2565 cm</quantity>
long, (2.5)
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wide, firm, smooth except for the protruding midrib on ventral side, the midrib off-centered at the base, the base abrupt, inequilateral, one side
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shorter than the other, the basal lobes usually scarious-spinulose along the margins, the rest of the margins entire or spinulose near the base, tertiary leaf veins inconspicuous. Peduncles erect,
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tall, generally 13 per plant,
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wide and slightly flattened to triquetrous below the head; inflorescence subglobose, 2.23(3.5) cm diam., tightly covered by brownish-tan, attenuate-acuminate bracts
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long, extending 12(3) cm beyond the head and remaining connate to the tip but rupturing longitudinally, the lower portion perforated by the spikelets at anthesis; spikelets 4080, bracteoles (18)2022,
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long, ca.
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEF7CFF721D72FF5A" box="[1060,1127,160,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide, broadly oblanceolate, shortly subulate-lanceolate, subequal, becoming sharply convolute toward the acuminate tip; sepals 3,
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEE5AFF111C78FF3F" box="[1282,1389,195,220]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">610 mm</quantity>
long, lanceolate, free to base, becoming involute with an apiculate tip; petals 3, basally united into a tube, then with free, imbricate, yellow, obovate blades 68
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE966FEDB1B5BFEC1" bold="true" box="[574,590,265,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFE90EFEDB1BF5FEC1" box="[598,736,265,290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.54.5 mm</quantity>
, patent at anthesis, with an apiculate tip. Stamens 6, anthers 4- lobed,
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEB8EFEFE185CFEA6" box="[214,329,300,325]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.5">4.55 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEACBFEFE18FFFEA6" box="[403,490,300,325]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
wide basally, whitish, rugulose, the anterior lobes opening into 2 subterminal pores, posterior lobes projected as an acute, lanceolate appendage 1.0
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFE808FE821AB1FE8A" box="[848,932,336,361]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
long. Style subulate-trigonous, ca.
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEE75FE821C78FE8A" box="[1325,1389,336,361]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
long, pale yellow-white, the stigma terminal and minute; ovary trilocular, 24 ovules per locule. Capsule oblong-obovoid, basally membranaceous, distally indurated, loculicidal; a single seed developing, reniform, transversely rugose,
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEEDAFE4419A1FE31" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">34 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="1CCEFBD6FFD7FFFEEBD0F80C18BEF7F4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13723569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13723569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13723569/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="286" startId="2.[136,229,2014,2035]" targetBox="[173,1427,196,1974]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD7FFFEEBD0F80C18BEF7F4" blockId="2.[136,1452,2014,2071]" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD7FFFEEBD0F80C19EDF810" bold="true" box="[136,248,2014,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD7FFFEEA5CF80C1B16F810" box="[260,515,2014,2035]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="286" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD7FFFEEA5CF80C1B16F810" box="[260,515,2014,2035]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">Saxofridericia brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habit. B-C. Inflorescence. D. Flower in side view. E. Flower in front view (
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD7FFFEEE52F80C19B9F7F4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">A.H. Krahl et al. 250</emphasis>
). Drawn by M.M. Corrêa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="00ABF8D5FFD6FFF8EBE5FE0F19E0FE52" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="288" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD6FFFFEBE5FE0F1B27FD60" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1417]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBE5FE0F18F9FE15" bold="true" box="[189,492,477,502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Ecology and distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFE950FE0F1A25FE15" box="[520,816,477,502]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE950FE0F1A25FE15" box="[520,816,477,502]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Saxofridericia brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows in colonies in seasonally swampy understorey and streamsides of white-sand campina scrub forests at elevations of
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFE837FDD21AE6FDFA" box="[879,1011,512,537]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="120.0">
120
<specimenCount id="5EB760D7FFD6FFFFE8F0FDD21AE6FDFA" box="[936,1011,512,537]" count="180" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="generic">180 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. It is currently known from Amazonas State,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD6FFFFEB88FDF11802FDDF" box="[208,279,547,572]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, in two main areas north of Manaus, the first along a side road off of Km 21 of BR-174 (the Manaus-Caracaraí highway) in the Ramal Vale do Novo Amanhecer, and the other between Km 130 and 202 of BR-
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEE64FD941C96FDBC" box="[1340,1411,582,607]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4196" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="in" value="174.0">174 in</quantity>
the general area of Presidente Figueiredo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD6FFFFEBE5FD5F1C36FD2A" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1417]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBE5FD5F185FFD45" bold="true" box="[189,330,653,678]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Pollination:</emphasis>
—During field observations at Vale do Novo Amanhecer, we observed buzz pollination (vibration of the anthers to collect pollen) primarily by female
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFE9EBFD621A0FFD2A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[691,794,688,713]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE9EBFD621A0FFD2A" box="[691,794,688,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Euglossa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bees and secondarily by
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEF6CFD621DF6FD2A" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" box="[1076,1251,688,713]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochloropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEF6CFD621DF6FD2A" box="[1076,1251,688,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Augochloropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bees.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD6FFFFEBE5FD0118C3FBCA" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1417]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<materialsCitation id="F8D9A103FFD6FFFFEBE5FD011D87FCEC" collectingDate="1973-11-13" collectionCode="INPA, MG, MO, NY, P, R" collectorName="Berg &amp; Lleras &amp; Holley &amp; Monteiro" country="Brazil" county="Km" location="Amazonas" municipality="Manaus-Caracarai" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" specimenCode="P19498" specimenCount="2">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBE5FD011BF5FD0F" bold="true" box="[189,736,723,748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<typeStatus id="970A15FCFFD6FFFFEBE5FD011B57FD0F" box="[189,578,723,748]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="970A15FCFFD6FFFFE90EFD011BC6FD0F" box="[598,723,723,748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD6FFFFE9A6FD011A73FD0F" box="[766,870,723,748]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE82BFD011AFBFD0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE82BFD011AFBFD0F" box="[883,1006,723,748]" country="Brazil" county="Km" municipality="Manaus-Caracarai" name="Amazonas" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Amazonas</location>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="A86A3124FFD6FFFFE8A5FD011DDFFD0F" box="[1021,1226,723,748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Manaus-Caracaraí</collectingMunicipality>
road,
<collectingCounty id="A16FD3D2FFD6FFFFEE44FD011C53FD0F" box="[1308,1350,723,748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Km</collectingCounty>
140,
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFEED7FD011854FCEC" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1973-11-13">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFEED7FD011854FCEC" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1973-11-13">13 November 1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEA14FD241A09FCEC" box="[332,796,758,783]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEA14FD241891FCEC" box="[332,388,758,783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Berg</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEAC8FD2418CFFCEC" box="[400,474,758,783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Lleras</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEABFFD241B27FCEC" box="[487,562,758,783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Holley</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFE90EFD241BA8FCEC" box="[598,701,758,783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Monteiro</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="18170325FFD6FFFFE99DFD241A09FCEC" box="[709,796,758,783]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">P19498</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE873FD241A7AFCEC" box="[811,879,758,783]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE822FD241ABFFCEC" box="[890,938,758,783]" country="China" name="Museum of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">MG</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE8EEFD241AF3FCEC" box="[950,998,758,783]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE8AAFD241D0FFCEC" box="[1010,1050,758,783]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEF7DFD241D21FCEC" box="[1061,1076,758,783]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEF18FD241D40FCEC" box="[1088,1109,758,783]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">R</collectionCode>
, US)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F8D9A103FFD6FFFFEFC6FD241800FC7F" collectingDate="1973-12-10" collectingDateMax="1976-12-10" collectingDateMin="1973-12-10" collectionCode="INPA, MG, MO, NY" collectorName="Prance &amp; Nelson &amp; Monteiro &amp; Lima &amp; Pennington &amp; Conceicao &amp; Steward &amp; Ramos" country="United States of America" county="Gentry" location="Manaus-Caracarai" municipality="Km" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" specimenCode="P20092" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEFC6FD241C7EFCEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEFC6FD241C7EFCEC" box="[1182,1387,758,783]" country="United States of America" county="Gentry" municipality="Km" name="Manaus-Caracarai" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Manaus-Caracaraí</location>
road,
<collectingMunicipality id="A86A3124FFD6FFFFEBD0FCC819A7FCD0" box="[136,178,794,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Km</collectingMunicipality>
130, [Igarapé Lages],
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFEAEDFCC81B96FCD0" box="[437,643,794,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1974-12-01">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFEAEDFCC81B96FCD0" box="[437,643,794,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1974-12-01">1 December 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE9D7FCC81A3EFCD0" box="[655,811,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<collectingCounty id="A16FD3D2FFD6FFFFE9D7FCC81BC8FCD0" box="[655,733,794,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Gentry</collectingCounty>
12948
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE863FCC81A6AFCD0" box="[827,895,794,819]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE8D3FCC81AAEFCD0" box="[907,955,794,819]" country="China" name="Museum of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">MG</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE890FCC81AEDFCD0" box="[968,1016,794,819]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEF5DFCC81D24FCD0" box="[1029,1073,794,819]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
),
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEF1EFCC81DA4FCD0" box="[1094,1201,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">ibid. loc.,</emphasis>
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFEFE2FCC81C52FCD0" box="[1210,1351,794,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1974-05-09">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFEFE2FCC81C52FCD0" box="[1210,1351,794,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1974-05-09">9 May 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEE0BFCC818E2FCB5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEE0BFCC81CB2FCD0" box="[1363,1447,794,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Prance</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEBD0FCEF19CCFCB5" box="[136,217,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Nelson</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEBBCFCEF185EFCB5" box="[228,331,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Monteiro</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEA28FCEF18BFFCB5" box="[368,426,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Lima</collectorName>
21040
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE95EFCEF1B5FFCB5" box="[518,586,829,854]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE90EFCEF1B97FCB5" box="[598,642,829,854]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
),
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFE9CEFCEF1A5EFCB5" box="[662,843,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1974-08-31">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFE9CEFCEF1A5EFCB5" box="[662,843,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1974-08-31">31 August 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE80FFCEF1C34FCB5" box="[855,1313,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFE80FFCEF1ABEFCB5" box="[855,939,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Prance</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFE8EEFCEF1D22FCB5" box="[950,1079,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Pennington</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEF04FCEF1DC1FCB5" box="[1116,1236,829,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Conceição</collectorName>
21695
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEE68FCEF1C61FCB5" box="[1328,1396,829,854]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEE27FCEF1CB2FCB5" box="[1407,1447,829,854]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD6FFFFEBD0FCB219BAFC9A" box="[136,175,864,889]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">US</collectingCountry>
),
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFEB9FFCB218B0FC9A" box="[199,421,864,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1976-12-10">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFEB9FFCB218B0FC9A" box="[199,421,864,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1976-12-10">10 December 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEAECFCB21A08FC9A" authority=", Coelho &amp; Ribamar 1998" authorityName=", Coelho &amp; Ribamar" authorityYear="1998" box="[436,797,864,889]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Silva" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEAECFCB21A08FC9A" box="[436,797,864,889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Silva, Coelho &amp; Ribamar 1998</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFE877FCB21A61FC9A" box="[815,884,864,889]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
),
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFE8D3FCB21D7FFC9A" box="[907,1130,864,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1973-12-10">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFE8D3FCB21D7FFC9A" box="[907,1130,864,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1973-12-10">10 December 1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEF20FCB21CBEFC9A" box="[1144,1451,864,889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEF20FCB21DC6FC9A" box="[1144,1235,864,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Steward</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEFA6FCB21C5FFC9A" box="[1278,1354,864,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Ramos</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="18170325FFD6FFFFEE0CFCB21CBEFC9A" box="[1364,1451,864,889]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">P20092</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEBC8FC5119C1FC7F" box="[144,212,899,924]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEBB8FC511818FC7F" box="[224,269,899,924]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F8D9A103FFD6FFFFEA7BFC51189CFC5C" collectingDate="1966-12-19" collectionCode="INPA, NY" collectorName="Prance &amp; Pena &amp; Ramos &amp; Monteiro" country="United States of America" county="Rio Urubu" location="Km" municipality="Manaus-Itacoatiara" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEA7BFC511858FC7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEA7BFC511858FC7F" box="[291,333,899,924]" country="United States of America" county="Rio Urubu" municipality="Manaus-Itacoatiara" name="Km" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Km</location>
202,
<collectingMunicipality id="A86A3124FFD6FFFFEAC8FC511B7EFC7F" box="[400,619,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Manaus-Itacoatiara</collectingMunicipality>
, near
<collectingCounty id="A16FD3D2FFD6FFFFE9EAFC511A3BFC7F" box="[690,814,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Rio Urubu</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFE863FC511D0DFC7F" box="[827,1048,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1966-12-19">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFE863FC511D0DFC7F" box="[827,1048,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="1966-12-19">19 December 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEF7DFC5119D5FC5C" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEF7DFC511D6CFC7F" box="[1061,1145,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Prance</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEFDEFC511DD7FC7F" box="[1158,1218,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Pena</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEF88FC511C09FC7F" box="[1232,1308,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Ramos</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEE1CFC511CBEFC7F" box="[1348,1451,899,924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Monteiro</collectorName>
3744
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEB89FC741800FC5C" box="[209,277,934,959]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEA7BFC74185EFC5C" box="[291,331,934,959]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD6FFFFEA01FC741894FC5C" box="[345,385,934,959]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F8D9A103FFD6FFFFEACFFC7418C7FBCA" collectingDate="2011-07-14" collectingDateMax="2012-07-14" collectingDateMin="2011-07-14" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Araujo &amp; Webber &amp; Krahl" country="United States of America" county="Melo" location="Comunidade Vale do Novo Amanhecer" municipality="Correa" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEACFFC741A4EFC5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEACFFC741A4EFC5C" box="[407,859,934,959]" county="Melo" municipality="Correa" name="Comunidade Vale do Novo Amanhecer" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Comunidade Vale do Novo Amanhecer</location>
,
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE831FC741DF2FC5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE831FC741DF2FC5C" box="[873,1255,934,959]" county="Melo" municipality="Correa" name="Ramal Vale do Novo Amanhecer" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Ramal Vale do Novo Amanhecer</location>
, próximo ao lote 6—“Toca da onça”, entrada pelo
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE95AFC181B39FC00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE95AFC181B39FC00" box="[514,556,970,995]" county="Melo" municipality="Correa" name="Km" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Km</location>
21—
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE932FC181A5BFC00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE932FC181A5BFC00" box="[618,846,970,995]" county="Melo" municipality="Correa" name="Ramal do Pau Rosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Ramal do Pau Rosa</location>
,
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFE802FC181AFBFC00" box="[858,1006,970,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="2011-07-14">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFE802FC181AFBFC00" box="[858,1006,970,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="2011-07-14">14 July 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE8A2FC18181BFBE5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE8A2FC181D2BFC00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFE8A2FC181D2BFC00" box="[1018,1086,970,995]" county="Melo" municipality="Correa" name="Krahl" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Krahl</location>
,
<location id="4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEF12FC181D98FC00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0181A48FFD4FFF8EBD0FF3F19E0FE52:4D6EFD85FFD6FFFFEF12FC181D98FC00" box="[1098,1165,970,995]" county="Melo" municipality="Correa" name="Zidko" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Zidko</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A86A3124FFD6FFFFEFC1FC181DF9FC00" box="[1177,1260,970,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Correa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="A16FD3D2FFD6FFFFEFA0FC181C21FC00" box="[1272,1332,970,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Melo</collectingCounty>
,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEE18FC181C9BFC00" box="[1344,1422,970,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Araújo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEBD0FC3F19C8FBE5" box="[136,221,1005,1030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Webber</collectorName>
250
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEA45FC3F1877FBE5" box="[285,354,1005,1030]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
),
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEA2DFC3F18CAFBE5" box="[373,479,1005,1030]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">ibid. loc.,</emphasis>
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFEABEFC3F1B6CFBE5" box="[486,633,1005,1030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="2011-07-14">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFEABEFC3F1B6CFBE5" box="[486,633,1005,1030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="2011-07-14">14 July 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE9DCFC3F1DAAFBE5" box="[644,1215,1005,1030]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
Krahl, Zidko, Correa, Melo,
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFE89FFC3F1D00FBE5" box="[967,1045,1005,1030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Araújo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEF61FC3F1D9BFBE5" box="[1081,1166,1005,1030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Webber</collectorName>
251
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEF95FC3F1C07FBE5" box="[1229,1298,1005,1030]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
),
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEE7DFC3F1C9AFBE5" box="[1317,1423,1005,1030]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">ibid. loc.,</emphasis>
<date id="3C0F8D9EFFD6FFFFEED7FC3F19ECFBCA" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="2012-07-14">
<collectingDate id="2C4B7476FFD6FFFFEED7FC3F19ECFBCA" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" value="2012-07-14">14 July 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEA5CFBC21863FBCA" box="[260,374,1040,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<collectorName id="E544CE88FFD6FFFFEA5CFBC21850FBCA" box="[260,325,1040,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Krahl</collectorName>
409
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="2EA0339BFFD6FFFFEADDFBC218DEFBCA" box="[389,459,1040,1065]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD6FFFFEBE5FBE11D35FB70" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1417]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBE5FBE118E7FBAF" bold="true" box="[189,498,1075,1100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Conservation assessment:</emphasis>
—Although this species appears to be quite restricted in its distribution, it is locally common, and there are other areas with similar habitats that have not been sampled. We designate its conservation status as Data Deficient (
<bibRefCitation id="2C20D6AFFFD6FFFFEAF8FBA81B32FB70" author="IUCN &amp; Species Survival Commission, IUCN" box="[416,551,1146,1171]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" refId="ref2602" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. Second edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland &amp; Cambridge, iv + 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
) until further assessments can be carried out.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD6FFFFEBE5FB4F1A90FA6A" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1417]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBE5FB4F181CFB55" bold="true" box="[189,265,1181,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Notes:</emphasis>
—Of the other four described species in
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFE99DFB4F1A70FB55" authorityName="Schomburgk" authorityYear="1845" box="[709,869,1181,1206]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE99DFB4F1A70FB55" box="[709,869,1181,1206]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Saxofridericia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFE880FB4F1D5FFB55" authorityName="Kornicke" authorityYear="1872" box="[984,1098,1181,1206]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Mycosphaerellaceae" genus="Acrotheca" kingdom="Fungi" order="Capnodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE880FB4F1D5FFB55" box="[984,1098,1181,1206]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Acrotheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, three are restricted to the upper Rio Negro in southwestern
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD6FFFFEA91FB121B2AFB3A" box="[457,575,1216,1241]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, southeastern
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD6FFFFE9BCFB121A40FB3A" box="[740,853,1216,1241]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, and northernmost Amazonian
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD6FFFFEF98FB121C1DFB3A" box="[1216,1288,1216,1241]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Brazil</collectingCountry>
; these species (
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBC9FB3118AFFB1F" box="[145,442,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEBC9FB31182DFB1F" authorityName="Garcia-Barriga &amp; Mora" authorityYear="1954" box="[145,312,1251,1276]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="colombiana">S. colombiana</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEA1EFB3118AFFB1F" authorityName="Ducke" authorityYear="1938" box="[326,442,1251,1276]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inermis">S. inermis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEAA6FB311B94FB1F" authorityName="Maguire" authorityYear="1958" box="[510,641,1251,1276]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petiolata">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEAA6FB311B94FB1F" box="[510,641,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">S. petiolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) tend to have smaller heads that are less spherical and more laterally compressed, with the base of the inflorescence sheath persistent on the head. The remaining species,
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEFBFFAD41C77FAFC" box="[1255,1378,1286,1311]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEFBFFAD41C77FAFC" box="[1255,1378,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">S. aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is the most similar to
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEA62FAF818CDFAA0" box="[314,472,1322,1347]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEA62FAF818CDFAA0" box="[314,472,1322,1347]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">S. brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is usually more robust, with wider leaves (
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFE8ADFAF81D4DFAA0" box="[1013,1112,1322,1347]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">410 cm</quantity>
vs.
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD6FFFFEFD0FAF81DE6FAA0" box="[1160,1267,1322,1347]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.0">24.5 cm</quantity>
) and with much more spinose margins of the dorsal spine of the leaf sheaths, petioles, and base of the leaf margins (
<figureCitation id="D08AB7DBFFD6FFFFEFA9FA9F1C23FA85" box="[1265,1334,1357,1382]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,2029,2050]" captionTargetBox="[244,1342,1426,2004]" captionTargetId="figure-591@3.[244,1342,1426,2004]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of the leaf bases and venation of Saxofridericia aculeata (A) and S. brasiliensis (B).A: J.F. Pruski 3216 (INPA), B: C.C. Berg et al. P19498 (INPA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13723571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13723571/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). A key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFEA7FFAA218D2FA6A" authorityName="Schomburgk" authorityYear="1845" box="[295,455,1392,1417]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEA7FFAA218D2FA6A" box="[295,455,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Saxofridericia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFE966FAA21BA5FA6A" authorityName="Kornicke" authorityYear="1872" box="[574,688,1392,1417]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Mycosphaerellaceae" genus="Acrotheca" kingdom="Fungi" order="Capnodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE966FAA21BA5FA6A" box="[574,688,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Acrotheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is provided below.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1CCEFBD6FFD6FFFFEBD0F83F18CBF7C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13723571" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13723571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13723571/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" startId="3.[136,229,2029,2050]" targetBox="[244,1342,1426,2004]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD6FFFFEBD0F83F18CBF7C5" blockId="3.[136,1452,2029,2086]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBD0F83F19E2F7E1" bold="true" box="[136,247,2029,2050]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Comparison of the leaf bases and venation of
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFE9EBF83F1A80F7E1" box="[691,917,2029,2050]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE9EBF83F1A80F7E1" box="[691,917,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Saxofridericia aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A) and
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD6FFFFE8B5F83F1D66F7E1" box="[1005,1139,2029,2050]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFE8B5F83F1D66F7E1" box="[1005,1139,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">S. brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(B). A:
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEFE7F83F1C4FF7E1" box="[1215,1370,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">J.F. Pruski 3216</emphasis>
(INPA), B:
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD6FFFFEBFDF7C3189EF7C5" box="[165,395,2065,2086]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">C.C. Berg et al. P19498</emphasis>
(INPA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD1FFF8EBE5FF7218D9FEC0" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD1FFF8EBE5FF7218DCFF5A" box="[189,457,160,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="288" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD1FFF8EBE5FF7218DCFF5A" box="[189,457,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Saxofridericia aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most widespread species in the genus, occurring in
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD1FFF8EF26FF721DF9FF5A" box="[1150,1260,160,185]" name="Suriname" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Suriname</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD1FFF8EFA3FF721CBDFF5A" box="[1275,1448,160,185]" name="French Guiana" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD1FFF8EBD0FF1119F7FF3F" box="[136,226,195,220]" name="Guyana" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Guyana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD1FFF8EBB6FF111871FF3F" box="[238,356,195,220]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD1FFF8EA29FF1118F7FF3F" box="[369,482,195,220]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD1FFF8E978FF111B7DFF3F" box="[544,616,195,220]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. In
<collectingCountry id="30A6EBCEFFD1FFF8E9CBFF111BCFFF3F" box="[659,730,195,220]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, it is known from
<collectingRegion id="8A7565BCFFD1FFF8E8F5FF111D14FF3F" box="[941,1025,195,220]" country="Brazil" name="Amapa" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Amapá</collectingRegion>
, Pará, and Amazonas States, with the nearest localities to
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD1FFF8EA3CFF3518EAFEE3" box="[356,511,231,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="288" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD1FFF8EA3CFF3518EAFEE3" box="[356,511,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">S. brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
close to Vale do Novo Amanhecer in the Reserva Ducke and then north of Presidente Figueiredo at the Rio Urubu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="480EAB5EFFD1FFF8EBE5FEFC19E0FE52" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">
Among the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD1FFF8EAB8FEFC1A1CFEA4" box="[480,777,302,327]" class="Liliopsida" family="Rapateaceae" genus="Saxofridericia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="288" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD1FFF8EAB8FEFC1A1CFEA4" box="[480,777,302,327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Saxofridericia brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cited, two (
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD1FFF8E8CBFEFC1D66FEA4" box="[915,1139,302,327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">Prance et al. 21695</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="7AC5774CFFD1FFF8EFF4FEFC1C70FEA4" box="[1196,1381,302,327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="288">
<taxonomicName id="8FB1D0DDFFD1FFF8EFF4FEFC1DF1FEA4" authorityName=", Coelho &amp; Ribamar" authorityYear="1998" box="[1196,1252,302,327]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Silva" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Silva</taxonomicName>
et al. 1998
</emphasis>
) have very short petioles (
<quantity id="8F4906BBFFD1FFF8EA2AFE8318CDFE89" box="[370,472,337,362]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="288" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">510 cm</quantity>
long) compared to the other specimens. We observed the same phenomenon in the field at Lajes near Presidente Figueiredo, and this may be due to younger plants in which the petioles have not fully extended.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>