527 lines
58 KiB
XML
527 lines
58 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AE43A62C38EF60D5A723E9DE35508B12">Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
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<treatment id="88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967015" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209662657" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7967015" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<heading id="5B0E2D09FFB3B85FFF6B45CF7D730DE3" box="[151,1149,662,689]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFF6B45CF7D050DE2" ID-CoL="6NK56" ID-ENA="1658262" authority="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad, and Yong, 2012" authorityName="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad, and Yong" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,1035,662,689]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbooliati">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF6B45CF78BE0DE2" bold="true" box="[151,432,662,689]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus limbooliati</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFE4B45CE7D050DE2" author="Matsui, M. & Nishikawa, K. & Belabut, D. M. & Norhayati, A. & Yong, H. S." box="[439,1035,663,689]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="38 - 46" refId="ref329932" refString="Matsui, M., Nishikawa, K., Belabut, D. M., Norhayati, A. & Yong, H. S. (2012) A new species of Kalophrynus (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae) from Southern Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa, 3155 (1), 38 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3155.1.4" type="journal article" year="2012">Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad, and Yong, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFBD445CF7D730DE3" bold="true" box="[1064,1149,662,688]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Native.</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB3B85FFF0B45E27B080C12" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF0B45E27C660C4E" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFFB3B85FFF0B45E27C660C4E" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB3B85FFF0B45E27DA30D86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6166891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6166891" author="Matsui, M. & Nishikawa, K. & Belabut, D. M. & Norhayati, A. & Yong, H. S." box="[247,1197,699,725]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B3E633AFFA6FF8CFF40FB20FD64F999" page="44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="2012">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFF0B45E27DA30D86" ID-CoL="6NK56" authority="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong, 2012: 39 - 44" authorityName="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong" authorityPageNumber="39 - 44" authorityYear="2012" box="[247,1197,699,725]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbooliati">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF0B45E27B050D86" box="[247,523,699,725]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus limbooliati</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB3B85FFDEF45E27DA30D86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688804" box="[531,1197,699,725]" collectionCode="UKMHC" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" elevation="457" latitude="1.6" location="Gunung" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.53333" municipality="State" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="UKMHC 705" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Johor" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFDEF45E27DA30D86" author="Matsui, M. & Nishikawa, K. & Belabut, D. M. & Norhayati, A. & Yong, H. S." box="[531,1197,699,725]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="38 - 46" refId="ref329932" refString="Matsui, M., Nishikawa, K., Belabut, D. M., Norhayati, A. & Yong, H. S. (2012) A new species of Kalophrynus (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae) from Southern Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa, 3155 (1), 38 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3155.1.4" type="journal article" year="2012">Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong, 2012: 39–44</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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, figs. 1–3.
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<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFB3B85FFAD045E27C970D86" box="[1324,1433,699,725]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="505F321EFFB3B85FFEAB458678FB0DAA" box="[343,501,734,761]" collectionCode="UKMHC" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">UKMHC 705</specimenCode>
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, by original designation. Type locality: “
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<location id="0526CCBEFFB3B85FFC3A45867D2E0DAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0:0526CCBEFFB3B85FFC3A45867D2E0DAA" box="[966,1056,735,761]" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" latitude="1.6" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.53333" municipality="State" name="Gunung" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Johor">Gunung</location>
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(= Mt.)
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<location id="0526CCBEFFB3B85FFB7845867DCE0DAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0:0526CCBEFFB3B85FFB7845867DCE0DAA" box="[1156,1216,735,761]" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" latitude="1.6" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.53333" municipality="State" name="Pulai" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Johor">Pulai</location>
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||
, Kpg. (
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<location id="0526CCBEFFB3B85FFAE845867C8A0DAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0:0526CCBEFFB3B85FFAE845867C8A0DAA" box="[1300,1412,735,761]" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" latitude="1.6" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.53333" municipality="State" name="Kampung" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Johor">Kampung</location>
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= village)
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||
<location id="0526CCBEFFB3B85FFE48445A78D90C4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0:0526CCBEFFB3B85FFE48445A78D90C4E" box="[436,471,771,797]" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" latitude="1.6" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.53333" municipality="State" name="Sri" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Johor">Sri</location>
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,
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<location id="0526CCBEFFB3B85FFE1E445A7B2D0C4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0:0526CCBEFFB3B85FFE1E445A7B2D0C4E" box="[482,547,771,797]" country="Malaysia" county="Peninsular" latitude="1.6" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.53333" municipality="State" name="Kulai" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Johor">Kulai</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="E022001FFFB3B85FFDD3445A7B690C4E" box="[559,615,771,797]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">State</collectingMunicipality>
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of
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<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FFB3B85FFD70445A7BC20C4E" box="[652,716,771,797]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Johor</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="E927E2E9FFB3B85FFD2B445A7A430C4E" box="[727,845,771,797]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Peninsular</collectingCounty>
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<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB3B85FFCA8445A7AB50C4E" box="[852,955,771,797]" name="Malaysia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="65CDFCA2FFB3B85FFC37445A7D370C4E" box="[971,1081,771,799]" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="925" value="1.6">01° 36′ N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="65CDFCA2FFB3B85FFBB9445A7DB30C4E" box="[1093,1213,771,799]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="925" value="103.53333">103° 32′ E</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<elevation id="8BD47D56FFB3B85FFB35445B7C420C4E" box="[1225,1356,770,797]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.57" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="457.0">
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<quantity id="C7013780FFB3B85FFB35445B7C1E0C4E" box="[1225,1296,770,797]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.57" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="457.0">457 m</quantity>
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||
a.s.l.
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||
</elevation>
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||
)”.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF6B447E7B080C12" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" box="[151,518,807,833]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lim’s Black-spotted Sticky Frog</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB3B85FFF6B441278120C36" box="[151,284,842,869]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF6B441278120C36" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" box="[151,284,842,869]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FFB3B85FFF634412781D0C36" box="[159,275,842,869]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="349.[152,255,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,151,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-23@349.[151,1430,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="349" captionText="FIGURE 5. A) Limnonectes paramacrodon, B) Limnonectes plicatellus, C) Occidozyga sumatrana, D) Eleutherodactylus planirostris, E) Leptobrachium nigrops, F) Megophrys nasuta, G) Kalophrynus limbooliati, and H) Kaloulapulchra. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A–H]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960329/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figure 5G</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB3B85FFF6B443778760CDA" box="[151,376,878,905]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF6B443778760CDA" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" box="[151,376,878,905]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF6B443778760CDA" bold="true" box="[151,376,878,905]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB3B85FFF6B4437781E0CDB" box="[151,272,878,904]" name="Singapore" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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||
records.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB3B85FFF0B44CA7D8109BA" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF0B44CA7D6F0C82" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFFB3B85FFF0B44CA7D6F0C82" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFF0B44CA7B2C0CFE" ID-CoL="5WVH4" baseAuthorityName="Tschudi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[247,546,915,941]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Calophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF0B44CA7B2C0CFE" box="[247,546,915,941]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Calophrynus pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(non Tschudi, 1838)—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB3B85FFCD944CA7AFA0CFE" author="Flower, S. S." box="[805,1012,915,941]" page="908" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1896">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFCD944CA7AFA0CFE" author="Flower, S. S." box="[805,1012,915,941]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="856 - 914" refId="ref305802" refString="Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896 (4), 856 - 914, pls. 44 - 46." type="journal article" year="1896">Flower, 1896: 908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah [BTNR]).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB3B85FFAE044CA78C70C82" author="Boulenger, G. A." page="258" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFAE044CA78C70C82" author="Boulenger, G. A." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref292615" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1912) A Vertebrate Fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra to Singapore, Including the Adjacent Islands. Reptilia and Batrachia, Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10813" type="book" year="1912">Boulenger, 1912: 258</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFB3B85FFDE644EE7A3A0C82" author="Kampen, P. N. van" box="[538,820,951,977]" page="102" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1923">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFDE644EE7A3A0C82" author="Kampen, P. N. van" box="[538,820,951,977]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref317150" refString="Kampen, P. N. van (1923) The Amphibia of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. E. J. Brill, Leiden, x + 304 pp." type="book" year="1923">Kampen, 1923: 102–104</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—D.H. Murphy, 1973: 59.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF0B44827B140B6E" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFF0B44827BB00CA6" ID-CoL="6NK4W" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[247,702,987,1013]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pleurostigma" subSpecies="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF0B44827BB00CA6" box="[247,702,987,1013]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus pleurostigma pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non Tschudi, 1838)—Parker, 1934: 96.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFB5D44827C740CA6" author="Bourret, R." box="[1185,1402,987,1013]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref292873" refString="Bourret, R. (1942) Les Batraciens de l'Indochine. Institut oceanographique de l'Indochine, Hanoi, x + 547 pp., 4 pls." type="book" year="1942">Bourret, 1942: 498</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.— K.K.P. Lim & C.M. Yang, 1991: 228 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve; Rock Path [BTNR]).—L.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFEAB437A7B180B6E" author="Chou, L. M." box="[343,534,1058,1085]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="145 - 150" refId="ref297324" refString="Chou, L. M. (1995) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Chin, S. C., Corlett, R. T., Wee, Y. C. & Geh, S. Y. (Eds.), Rain Forest in the City: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore, Supplement 3, pp. 145 - 150." type="journal article" year="1995">Chou, 1995: 146</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF0B431E7AE70966" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFF0B431E7B2E0B32" ID-CoL="6NK4W" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[247,544,1095,1121]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF0B431E7B2E0B32" box="[247,544,1095,1121]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non Tschudi, 1838)—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 57.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFAE9431E786B0BD6" author="Lim, K. K. P." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref325604" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1991 a) Reptiles & Amphibians. The Pangolin, 4 (1), 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1991">Lim, 1991a: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFC3043327D620BD6" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[972,1132,1131,1157]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 40</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 144.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFAEF4332786B0BFA" author="Lim, K. K. P." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref325751" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1993 b) Reptiles & Amphibians. The Pangolin, 6 (3 - 4), 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1993">Lim, 1993b: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Cave Path [BTNR]).—L.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFD4143D67ABE0BFA" author="Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P." box="[701,944,1167,1193]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||
Chou
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFCFE43D67A320BFA" box="[770,828,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994: 93
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—R. Subaraj, 1994: 15 (MacRitchie North Forest; Sime Road Forest).—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFD0B43EA7AB80B9E" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[759,950,1203,1229]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="208 - 211" refId="ref325781" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1994 a) Amphibians. In: Ng, P. K. L. & Wee, Y. C. (Eds.), The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened Plants and Animals of Singapore. Nature Society, Singapore, pp. 208 - 211." type="book chapter" year="1994">Lim, 1994a: 212</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 330.—K. Lim, 1995: 20 (North View Hut [BTNR]; Three-Stone Hill [NSSF]).—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFC76438E7ACA0BA2" box="[906,964,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1995: 113.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFB40438E7C6F0BA2" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[1212,1377,1238,1265]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="50 - 51" refId="ref325901" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1996) Hop, slither and glide. In: Lum, S. & Sharp, I. (Eds.), A View from the Summit: The Story of Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. Nanyang Technological University, National University of Singapore and National Parks Board, Singapore, pp. 50 - 51." type="book chapter" year="1996">Lim, 1996: 50</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—R. Subaraj, 1996: 101.—R.C.H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 401 (Bukit Timah [BTNR]; Lower Peirce [LP]; MacRitchie; Nee Soon [NSSF]).—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFCE842467D840A6A" author="Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W." box="[788,1162,1310,1337]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref329083" refString="Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. (1997) Amphibien und Reptilian Sudostasien. Natur und Tier, M ¸ nster, 512 pp." type="book" year="1997">Manthey & Grossmann, 1997: 54</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—Chan-ard
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFAE642467C5F0A6A" box="[1306,1361,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1999: 14.—T.M. Leong & L.M. Chou, 1999: 118–121.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFC73421A7D9A0A0E" author="Das, I. & Haas, A." box="[911,1172,1347,1373]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="109 - 114" refId="ref300996" refString="Das, I. & Haas, A. (2003) A new species of Kalophrynus (Anura: Microhylidae) from the highlands of north-central Borneo. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 51 (1), 109 - 114." type="journal article" year="2003">Das & Haas, 2003: 113</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah [BTNR]; Seletar Forest [NSSF]).—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFD82423E7A9C0AD2" author="Das, I. & Haas, A." box="[638,914,1382,1409]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="375 - 381" refId="ref301039" refString="Das, I. & Haas, A. (2005) Sources of larval identities for amphibians from Borneo. Herpetological Review, 36 (4), 375 - 381." type="journal article" year="2005">Das & Haas, 2005: 379</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—T.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFC0F423E7DAF0AD2" author="Leong, T. M." box="[1011,1185,1382,1409]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="2 - 8" refId="ref323035" refString="Leong, T. M. (2000) Amphibian tales. Nature Watch, 8 (4), 2 - 8." type="journal article" year="2000">Leong, 2000: 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFEAB42D27B0A0AF6" author="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[343,516,1418,1445]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref327168" refString="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lim, 2002: 145</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—K.K.P. Lim & T.M. Leong, 2008: 264.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 64, 159.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFEAB42F67B270A9A" author="Matsui, M." box="[343,553,1454,1481]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="579 - 585" refId="ref329511" refString="Matsui, M. (2009) A new species of Kalophrynus with a unique male humeral spine from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoological Science, 26 (8), 579 - 585. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 26.579" type="journal article" year="2009">Matsui, 2009: 583</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 584.—Bickford
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFD1342F67A260A9A" box="[751,808,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010: 121, 123.—D.C.J. Yeo
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFB7442F67DCC0A9A" box="[1160,1218,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010: 188.—K.O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFEAB428A7B420ABE" author="Chan, K. O. & Grismer, L. L. & Grismer, J." box="[343,588,1491,1517]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="60 - 68" refId="ref295097" refString="Chan, K. O., Grismer, L. L. & Grismer, J. (2011) A new insular, endemic frog of the genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 (Anura: Microhylidae) from Tioman Island, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa, 3123 (1), 60 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3123.1.4" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Chan
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFE60428A78D90ABE" box="[412,471,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 68
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).—L.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFBF3428A7DE30ABE" author="Grismer, L. L." box="[1039,1261,1490,1517]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref309689" refString="Grismer, L. L. (2011 a) Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago (Peninsular Malaysia). Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 239 pp." type="book" year="2011">Grismer, 2011a: 52</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—T.M. Leong, 2011: 21, 22.—T.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFDC342AE7A480942" author="Leong, T. M. & Gan, J. W. M." box="[575,838,1526,1553]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref323534" refString="Leong, T. M. & Gan, J. W. M. (2011) Our Fragile Rainforest. National Parks Board, Singapore, 103 pp." type="book" year="2011">Leong & Gan, 2011: 25</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFC2042AE7D1D0942" box="[988,1043,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 468.—R. Subaraj, 2015: 53, 54, 56 (Night Safari; Project Western Boundary [= MBP]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85FFF0B41667D8109BA" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFF0B41667B05090A" ID-CoL="6NK56" authorityName="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong" authorityYear="2012" box="[247,523,1599,1625]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbooliati">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF0B41667B05090A" box="[247,523,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kalophrynus limbooliati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 64, 159.—Matsui
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFBBD41667D75090A" box="[1089,1147,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012: 39, 42, 45.—E.K. Chua, 2015: 32.—R. Subaraj, 2015: 9 (Upper Seletar Peninsula [= USNF]).—S. Subaraj, 2015: 3, 5, 7 (Mandai Range Forest; Night Safari; Project Western Boundary [= MBP]; Upper Seletar Peninsula [= USNF]).—
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FFB3B85FFD9B41F27B990996" box="[615,663,1707,1733]" country="Switzerland" name="Zug" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Zug</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 2015: 166.—R.C.H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 146, 153, 174, 179 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve; Dairy Farm Nature Park; Zhenghua Nature Park).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB3B85CFF6B41AA7D5B0E36" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB3B85CFF6B41AA7D590E12" blockId="41.[151,1437,662,2021]" lastBlockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFF6B41AA7805085E" bold="true" box="[151,267,1779,1805]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Previously allocated to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFDD741AA7BED085E" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[555,739,1779,1805]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFDD741AA7BED085E" box="[555,739,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFD0941AA7A98085E" authorityName="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong" authorityYear="2012" box="[757,918,1779,1805]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbooliati">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFD0941AA7A98085E" box="[757,918,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. limbooliati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was redescribed as a new species based on acoustic, morphological, and molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFCFA404E7AEE0862" author="Matsui, M. & Hamidy, A. & Daicus, M. B. & Norhayati, A. & Panha, S. & Sudin, A. & Khonsue, W. & Oh, H. - S. & Yong, H. - S. & Jiang, J. - P. & Nishikawa, K." box="[774,992,1815,1841]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="167 - 176" refId="ref329815" refString="Matsui, M., Hamidy, A., Daicus, M. B., Norhayati, A., Panha, S., Sudin, A., Khonsue, W., Oh, H. - S., Yong, H. - S., Jiang, J. - P. & Nishikawa, K. (2011) Systematic relationships of Oriental tiny frogs of the family Microhylidae (Amphibia, Anura) as revealed by mtDNA genealogy. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61 (1), 167 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.05.015" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Matsui
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFC9C404E7A920862" box="[864,924,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Matsui
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFBBB404E7D8D0862" box="[1095,1155,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012), after the authors noticed that populations from southern Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB3B85FFCDC40627A890806" box="[800,903,1851,1877]" name="Malaysia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB3B85FFC4540627D250806" box="[953,1067,1851,1877]" name="Singapore" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
emit different calls from northern populations. The calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFDE240067BB2082A" authorityName="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong" authorityYear="2012" box="[542,700,1887,1913]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbooliati">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFDE240067BB2082A" box="[542,700,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. limbooliati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
highly resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFC7A40067C93082A" authority="(Matsui et al. 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Matsui" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[902,1437,1887,1913]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Pulchrana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFC7A40067DA2082A" box="[902,1196,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pulchrana laterimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Matsui
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFAEA40067C5F082A" box="[1302,1361,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with which it occurs sympatrically over a large part of its range.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB3B85FFC3840DA7D6A08CE" author="Flower, S. S." box="[964,1124,1923,1949]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="856 - 914" refId="ref305802" refString="Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896 (4), 856 - 914, pls. 44 - 46." type="journal article" year="1896">Flower (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
collected the first specimen for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB3B85FFEE340FE789D0892" box="[287,403,1959,1985]" name="Singapore" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB3B85FFDB040FE7BBB0892" box="[588,693,1959,1985]" name="Malaysia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at BTNR. In describing vertical forest distribution of vertebrates, Murphy (1973) described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB3B85FFDE040927BB908B6" authorityName="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong" authorityYear="2012" box="[540,695,1995,2021]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbooliati">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB3B85FFDE040927BB908B6" box="[540,695,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">K. limbooliati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a common leaf-litter inhabitant, but did not provide any data or details. Leaving this remark aside, and unpublished museum records, another specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB0B85CFB0347CE7C920FE2" authorityName="Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad & Yong" authorityYear="2012" box="[1279,1436,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbooliati">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFB0347CE7C920FE2" box="[1279,1436,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. limbooliati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not reported until 95 years later when one was seen in a drain near the entrance of BTNR on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFAD847E278210FAA" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1991-01-11">11 January 1991</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFB0B85CFEBC478678B30FAA" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[320,445,223,249]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref325604" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1991 a) Reptiles & Amphibians. The Pangolin, 4 (1), 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1991">Lim 1991a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Certainly, this observation was downplayed and not regarded as a rediscovery or novel since the species is perceived as common. Yet, the first occurrence of it outside of BTNR was not until
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFA7C465A78A00E12" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1993-09-28">28 September 1993</date>
|
||
when a single individual was found at MNF (Subaraj 1994).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFF6B46137D5B0E36" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" box="[151,1109,330,357]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFF6B461378240E37" bold="true" box="[151,298,330,356]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Restricted to CNR and surrounding Nature Parks and forests. Common.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFB0B85CFF6B46377D0F0CB0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFF6B46377B820EDA" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" box="[151,652,366,393]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFF6B46377B0A0EDA" bold="true" box="[151,516,366,393]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB0B85CFF6B4637781E0EDB" box="[151,272,366,392]" name="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
conservation status.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Vulnerable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFF6B46CB7B0C0EFE" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" box="[151,514,402,429]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFF6B46CB78AF0EFF" bold="true" box="[151,417,402,428]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Conservation priority.</emphasis>
|
||
Lowest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFF6B46EF7BE10E82" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" box="[151,751,438,465]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFF6B46EF78DC0E82" bold="true" box="[151,466,438,465]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">IUCN conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Near-Threatened [2022].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFF6B46837AEC0D9E" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFF6B46837AA70EA7" bold="true" box="[151,937,474,501]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFF6B46837AAA0EA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687502" box="[151,932,474,501]" collectionCode="LKCNHM, NHMUK" collectorName="Museum" country="Singapore" location="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFF6B468378160EA7" box="[151,280,474,500]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">LKCNHM</collectionCode>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFECB468278AB0EA6" box="[311,421,475,501]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="AD0CFFB3FFB0B85CFE5546827B1F0EA6" box="[425,529,475,501]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Museum</collectorName>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB0B85CFD6546837A1C0EA7" box="[665,786,474,500]" name="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(no locality)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFC51468278B40D4A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689413" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Singapore" location="Bukit Timah Nature Reserve" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCode="BMNH1896.6" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="505F321EFFB0B85CFC5146827D5C0EA6" box="[941,1106,474,501]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">BMNH1896.6</specimenCode>
|
||
.25.99 (no date);
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFFB0B85CFAFB468378B40D4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0:0526CCBEFFB0B85CFAFB468378B40D4A" country="Singapore" name="Bukit Timah Nature Reserve" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFAFB468378B40D4A" bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bukit Timah Nature Reserve</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFE4746A678CE0D4A" bold="true" box="[443,448,511,537]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFE3046A67A1D0D4A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688371" box="[460,787,510,537]" collectingDate="1933-06-15" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFE3046A67B0A0D4A" box="[460,516,511,537]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.11014 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFD8546A77A050D4A" box="[633,779,510,537]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1933-06-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFD8546A77A050D4A" box="[633,779,510,537]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1933-06-15">15-Jun-1933</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFCD946A67C0F0D4A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687844" box="[805,1281,511,537]" collectingDate="1966-11-24" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFCD946A67A500D4A" box="[805,862,511,537]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1763–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFC4146A67AF80D4A" box="[957,1014,511,537]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1764 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFBA046A67DF70D4A" box="[1116,1273,511,537]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1966-11-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFBA046A67DF70D4A" box="[1116,1273,511,537]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1966-11-24">24-Nov-1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFAEE46A778990D6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689641" collectingDate="1991-01-11" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFAEE46A77C420D4A" box="[1298,1356,510,537]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.2935 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFEFC457A78810D6E" box="[256,399,547,573]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1991-01-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFEFC457A78810D6E" box="[256,399,547,573]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1991-01-11">11-Jan-1991</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFE5F457B7DAE0D6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689100" box="[419,1184,546,573]" collectingDate="1991-01-10" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFE5F457B78D30D6E" box="[419,477,546,573]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3035–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFDC1457B7B790D6E" box="[573,631,546,573]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3044,
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFD29457A7A000D6E" box="[725,782,547,573]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.2938–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFC92457A7AA90D6E" box="[878,935,547,573]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.2983 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFBF4457A7D970D6E" box="[1032,1177,547,573]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1991-01-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFBF4457A7D970D6E" box="[1032,1177,547,573]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1991-01-10">10-Jan-1991</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFB51457A78350D32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687396" collectingDate="2002-01-20" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFB51457A7DE80D6E" box="[1197,1254,547,573]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.9182 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFABB457A783D0D32" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2002-01-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFABB457A783D0D32" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2002-01-20">20-Jan-2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFEB7451E7B8A0D32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687367" box="[331,644,583,609]" collectingDate="2001-06-08" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFEB7451E788A0D32" box="[331,388,583,609]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.8047 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFE15451E7B720D32" box="[489,636,583,609]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-06-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFE15451E7B720D32" box="[489,636,583,609]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-06-08">08-Jun-2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFD68451E7D670D32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687548" box="[660,1129,583,609]" collectingDate="2001-04-28" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFD68451E7BC30D32" box="[660,717,583,609]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.8021–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFCD0451E7A6B0D32" box="[812,869,583,609]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.8022 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFC36451E7D6C0D32" box="[970,1122,583,609]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-04-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFC36451E7D6C0D32" box="[970,1122,583,609]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-04-28">28-Apr-2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFB85451F78940DD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689521" collectingDate="2000-06-09" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFB85451F7DBC0D32" box="[1145,1202,582,609]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.4608–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFAEE451F7C450D32" box="[1298,1355,582,609]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.4615 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFF034532789C0DD6" box="[255,402,619,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2000-06-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFF034532789C0DD6" box="[255,402,619,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2000-06-09">09-Jun-2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFE5B45337A7A0DD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687344" box="[423,884,618,645]" collectingDate="1991-01-10" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFE5B453378EE0DD6" box="[423,480,618,645]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3047–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFDBC45337B770DD6" box="[576,633,618,645]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3056 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFD2745327A620DD6" box="[731,876,619,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1991-01-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFD2745327A620DD6" box="[731,876,619,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1991-01-10">10-Jan-1991</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFC7D45337DB10DD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688803" box="[897,1215,618,645]" collectingDate="1989-08-11" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFC7D45337AB50DD6" box="[897,955,618,645]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1705 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFBE045327DB90DD6" box="[1052,1207,619,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1989-08-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFBE045327DB90DD6" box="[1052,1207,619,645]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1989-08-11">11-Aug-1989</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFB304533787D0DFA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687842" collectingDate="2003-03-13" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFB3045337C0B0DD6" box="[1228,1285,618,645]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.10510 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFA8B453278650DFA" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2003-03-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFA8B453278650DFA" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2003-03-13">13- Mar-2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFE8245D77BB50DFA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688300" box="[382,699,654,681]" collectingDate="1996-08-25" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFE8245D778B60DFA" box="[382,440,654,681]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3425 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFDEB45D77BBD0DFA" box="[535,691,654,681]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1996-08-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFDEB45D77BBD0DFA" box="[535,691,654,681]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1996-08-25">25-Aug-1996</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFD3A45D67D0A0DFA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689009" box="[710,1028,654,681]" collectingDate="1996-08-25" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFD3A45D67BF10DFA" box="[710,767,655,681]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3426 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFCA345D77AF30DFA" box="[863,1021,654,681]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1996-08-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFCA345D77AF30DFA" box="[863,1021,654,681]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1996-08-25">25-Aug-1996</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFBF345D77DC00DFB" bold="true" box="[1039,1230,654,680]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hindhede Drive</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFB2045D7787C0D9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689617" collectingDate="1988-12-07" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFB2045D77C1B0DFA" box="[1244,1301,654,681]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.1562 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFA8A45D678640D9E" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1988-12-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFA8A45D678640D9E" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1988-12-07">07- Dec-1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFE8245EA7BA70D9E" bold="true" box="[382,681,690,717]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFE8245EA7BAA0D9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687848" box="[382,676,690,717]" country="Singapore" location="Nee Soon Swamp Forest" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFFB0B85CFE8245EA7BAA0D9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFB3B85CFF6B45CF7D0F0CB0:0526CCBEFFB0B85CFE8245EA7BAA0D9E" box="[382,676,690,717]" country="Singapore" name="Nee Soon Swamp Forest" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Nee Soon Swamp Forest</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFB0B85CFD4C45EA7AD00D9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688887" box="[688,990,690,717]" collectingDate="1995-07-03" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFD4C45EA7BE70D9E" box="[688,745,691,717]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.1.3288 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFB0B85CFCB545EB7AD90D9E" box="[841,983,690,717]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1995-07-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFB0B85CFCB545EB7AD90D9E" box="[841,983,690,717]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1995-07-03">03-Jul-1995</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFF6B458F7B030C46" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFF6B458F7ABA0DA3" bold="true" box="[151,948,726,753]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB0B85CFEDC458F78970DA3" box="[288,409,726,752]" name="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
museum specimens.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB0B85CFD64458F7A1F0DA3" box="[664,785,726,752]" name="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(no locality):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFC41458E7D1C0DA2" box="[957,1042,727,753]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFBE2458F7DCF0DA3" bold="true" box="[1054,1217,726,752]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bukit Timah:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFB36458E7C150DA2" box="[1226,1307,727,753]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
, CAS;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFA93458E78BF0C46" bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Nee Soon [=
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFEA645A378900C47" box="[346,414,762,788]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">NSSF</collectionCode>
|
||
]:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFB0B85CFE4445A27B070C46" box="[440,521,763,789]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFF6B44477C3B0CD2" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFF6B444778890C6B" bold="true" box="[151,391,798,824]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFB0B85CFF6B4447781E0C6B" box="[151,272,798,824]" name="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
localities.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve—Dairy Farm Nature Park—Hindhede Drive—Lower Peirce— MacRitchie—MacRitchie North Forest—Mandai Bird Park—Mandai Range Forest—Nee Soon Swamp Forest—Night Safari—Sime Road Forest—Upper Seletar North Forest—Zhenghua Nature Park.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFB0B85CFDCE44907D0F0CB0" blockId="42.[562,1025,969,996]" box="[562,1025,969,996]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFDCE44907D0F0CB0" bold="true" box="[562,1025,969,996]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFB0B85CFD7544907A740CB0" authority="Gray, 1831" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" box="[649,890,969,996]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFB0B85CFD7544907BE70CB7" bold="true" box="[649,745,969,996]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Kaloula</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1831
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |