292 lines
31 KiB
XML
292 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="B5747F0031982DE050B9EF2161D86E24" ID-CLB-Dataset="53474" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90d83153-c065-4771-9ac7-35dda67996b5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7960319" ID-ZooBank="78E23714-8973-4755-BC94-0A751D7D2B37" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1684793805841" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P." docDate="2023" docId="88502B73FF8CB860FF6B47CF789D097E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5287.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5287 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ichthyophis paucisulcus Taylor 1960" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="7469530BFF9AB876FFFC4759790E0F53" masterDocTitle="Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution" masterLastPageNumber="378" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699506952035" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="1B69B41AD96B9B68A0055EB0B6C1E5C5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="56D7DD47AF663EEB3AE06F0D6A6CD58D">
|
||
<mods:title id="2B7B81AA9AA0277AEAB4A752C30FFD07">Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="CC8F9AB708C127ACFA126DAF3225FAAE" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0A8B2FED87D412EE503391EA07238194">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="9987D68B95F7DFD60855312E446E3F46">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="913BEF3344AC8DC2740E509AFF788D00">Figueroa, Alex</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A5DA1C8175F04F8879F7016321359E6B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="7F5BF702694F480D4C55BE5F10651F7D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="02D8741507A818FF85A0F856CB591A43">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="581FCE9EDC599F0BD305737C3B2C8C90">Low, Martyn E. Y.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F3A70199F2EC7A45774E2DD216A04CF6" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7927-7149</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F3720DECE0A16CA41ACD03767F12BD77" type="email">martyn.low@nus.edu.sg</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="AB95561B19582BC78F2A2B079E3251CE" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="557753A14FB8FE5F683DF1A5EF7D1E49">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="72FDCB25089E60EE8D4BD3458C977B8D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9D276DCBBA2EF8CF30562953C8124AC2">Lim, Kelvin K. P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="23E2874CC70D4F9EEB562ECE9E368CF9" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0638-9198</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1B15F1AA66A02C761D81067907D8CFCD" type="email">kelvinlim@nus.edu.sg</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="2F1E0894135EE3B20509C4B1075C6898">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="E155BFE16885A1107BE73C095C6296B5" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="9B3F51AC70C7836AB0A370C526C76CA5">
|
||
<mods:title id="5D8A31FA47C05C65AE2D24CD65F6CF19">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="AE0516F7984A09CC0834E2B12DB1F034">
|
||
<mods:date id="CE18EE36F1F8A97A8B974BDB9DC36C86">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="3185887028545BF864D133092662968D" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="A3719EC0EEB0E547C88A399F670E8CCE">2023-05-18</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="85ED955AAB953E71CCA73B8202486DBD" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="1E9509270F2A15D8CA7AD274146E5C13">5287</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F0EFC6D150224F5E54FD9F34988E0D52" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="BDA843321304D0E48832D3D4EA064B7D">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="DBCF0E1FE7DA4AB6390DAFFABE3A2A58" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="47B60207FAA336DB57893D1E65C3AFB1">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="F11623EF0B0FFD6BA6CA9DDAE0D05580">378</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="889740A7005D0760C973B0EC56A41BEE">
|
||
<mods:url id="4AE7555676708C7D82879D88CC75D87E">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="0DF2BAB871631442F57F1C008BFE0EEE">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="22F7DBA4FD3CF50EA27FF2FE869CE79C" type="CLB-Dataset">53474</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7671F8B0DF7C97E0D5B02EC125C7C66B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B5311C1AA8B7EA5C43490D24662F9C82" type="GBIF-Dataset">90d83153-c065-4771-9ac7-35dda67996b5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="240AEA446471340493C07655CEE74E64" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="45F16C62DDDF76BFB6271F90D2476F2E" type="Zenodo-Dep">7960319</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="62774C35F0529E36E8C322416A8D210C" type="ZooBank">78E23714-8973-4755-BC94-0A751D7D2B37</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="88502B73FF8CB860FF6B47CF789D097E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967628" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209662541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7967628" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF8CB860FF6B47CF789D097E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73FF8CB860FF6B47CF789D097E" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF8CB860FF6B47CF7BBB0FE3" box="[151,693,150,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B47CF7BBB0FE3" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,693,150,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="5B0E2D09FF8CB860FF6B47CF7BBB0FE3" box="[151,693,150,177]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF6B47CF7B4D0FE2" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authority="Taylor, 1960" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,579,150,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B47CF78BE0FE2" bold="true" box="[151,432,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
Taylor, 1960
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FD9C47CF7BBB0FE3" bold="true" box="[608,693,150,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Native.</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF8CB860FF0B47E27A500DA2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF0B47E27C5A0FAA" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF0B47E27A290F86" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authority="Taylor, 1960: 103 - 107" authorityName="Taylor" authorityPageNumber="103 - 107" authorityYear="1960" box="[247,807,187,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF0B47E27B050F86" box="[247,523,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
Taylor, 1960: 103–107
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs. 34, 35.
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FF8CB860FC2B47E27D4A0F86" box="[983,1092,187,213]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="505F321EFF8CB860FBA947E27C040F86" box="[1109,1290,186,213]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM 103565</specimenCode>
|
||
, by original designation. Type locality: “Siantar,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FF8CB860FD0C47867A5E0FAA" box="[752,848,223,249]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
|
||
” (also known as
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFF8CB860FBF347867DC30FAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF8CB860FF6B47CF789D097E:0526CCBEFF8CB860FBF347867DC30FAA" box="[1039,1229,223,249]" country="Indonesia" name="Pematangsiantar" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">Pematangsiantar</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF8CB860FB1C47867C5F0FAA" box="[1248,1361,223,249]" name="Indonesia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B465A78C50E4E" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,459,259,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sumatran Striped Caecilian</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B467E78120E12" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,284,295,321]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF8CB860FF63467E781A0E12" box="[159,276,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="348.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@348.[154,1433,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="348" captionText="FIGURE 4. A) Ichthyophis paucisulcus, B) Duttaphrynus bengalensis, C) Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus, D) Pelophryne ingeri, E) Fejervarya cancrivora, F) Fejervarya limnocharis, G) Limnonectes blythii, and H) Limnonectes malesianus. Photographs by: Cai Yixiong [A], Alex Figueroa [B, D–H], and Kelvin K.P. Lim [C]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960327/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B461378760E36" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,376,330,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B461378760E36" bold="true" box="[151,376,330,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF8CB860FF6B4613781E0E37" box="[151,272,330,356]" name="Singapore" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
records.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF0B46367C110EFE" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF0B463678F80EDA" ID-CoL="6N5SH" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" box="[247,502,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glutinosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF0B463678F80EDA" box="[247,502,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis glutinosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non Linnaeus, 1758)—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FCEC46377AE50EDA" author="Hanitsch, R." box="[784,1003,366,393]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="18 - 26" refId="ref312473" refString="Hanitsch, R. (1905) Raffles Library and Museum. In: Annual Departmental Reports of the Straits Settlements for the Year 1904. Published by Authority, Singapore, pp. 18 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1905">Hanitsch, 1905: 23</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Impounding [MacRitchie] Reservoir [
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FF8CB860FEA246CA78820EFE" box="[350,396,403,429]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MR</collectingRegion>
|
||
]).—Hanitsch, 1908: 49.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FD4B46CA7A950EFE" author="Hanitsch, R." box="[695,923,403,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref312636" refString="Hanitsch, R. (1912 b) List of the Birds, Reptiles and Amphibians in the Raffles Museum, Singapore. Raffles Library and Museum, Singapore, 19 pp." type="book" year="1912">Hanitsch, 1912b: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—J. Aw & M.E.Y. Low, 2020: 53.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF0B46EE7DEA0E82" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[247,1252,439,465]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF0B46EE7B3E0E82" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1960" box="[247,560,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Icthyophis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF0B46EE78620E82" box="[247,364,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Icthyophis</emphasis>
|
||
[sic]
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FE5046EE7B3E0E82" box="[428,560,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FD3F46EE7BF50E82" box="[707,763,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1988: 36, 37 (Jungle Fall Valley [BTNR]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF0B46827D050EA6" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[247,1035,475,501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF0B46827B160EA6" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1826" box="[247,536,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF0B468278740EA6" box="[247,378,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis</emphasis>
|
||
?
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FE6846827B160EA6" box="[404,536,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—K. Lim, 1989a: 4.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FCE946827D090EA6" author="Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P." box="[789,1031,475,501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||
Chou
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FCA746827A9A0EA6" box="[859,916,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994: 93
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF0B46A67A500DA2" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF0B46A67B080D4A" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1960" box="[247,518,511,537]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF0B46A67B080D4A" box="[247,518,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—P.K.L. Ng, 1989: 13 (Jungle Fall Valley [BTNR]).—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FA9B46A67C920D4A" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[1383,1436,511,537]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim,</bibRefCitation>
|
||
1992: 19, 143.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FD9A457A7A2C0D6E" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[614,802,547,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="208 - 211" refId="ref325781" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1994 a) Amphibians. In: Ng, P. K. L. & Wee, Y. C. (Eds.), The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened Plants and Animals of Singapore. Nature Society, Singapore, pp. 208 - 211." type="book chapter" year="1994">Lim, 1994a: 209</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 330.—K.K.P. Lim, 1994: 209, 330.—L.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FAEE457A7C930D6E" author="Chou, L. M." box="[1298,1437,546,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="145 - 150" refId="ref297324" refString="Chou, L. M. (1995) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Chin, S. C., Corlett, R. T., Wee, Y. C. & Geh, S. Y. (Eds.), Rain Forest in the City: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore, Supplement 3, pp. 145 - 150." type="journal article" year="1995">Chou, 1995:</bibRefCitation>
|
||
145.—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FDE5451E7B5E0D32" box="[537,592,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1995: 111.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FCC0451E7AD50D32" author="Lim, K. K. P." box="[828,987,582,609]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="50 - 51" refId="ref325901" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (1996) Hop, slither and glide. In: Lum, S. & Sharp, I. (Eds.), A View from the Summit: The Story of Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. Nanyang Technological University, National University of Singapore and National Parks Board, Singapore, pp. 50 - 51." type="book chapter" year="1996">Lim, 1996: 50</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FB32451E7C770D32" author="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[1230,1401,583,609]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref327168" refString="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lim, 2002: 143</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.— N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 158.—K.K.P. Lim & T.M. Leong, 2008: 156, 264.—D.C.J. Yeo
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FAA245327C980DD6" box="[1374,1430,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010: 152.—D.C.J. Yeo & K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FD2B45D67A7B0DFA" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Leong, T. M. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[727,885,654,681]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="143 - 156" refId="ref326919" refString="Lim, K. K. P., Leong, T. M. & Lim, F. L. K. (2011) The king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor) in Singapore (Reptilia: Squamata: Elapidae). Nature in Singapore, 4, 143 - 156." type="journal article" year="2011">Lim, 2011: 55</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FBF245D67D480DFA" box="[1038,1094,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 257.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 158.—W.H. Lim
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FD6345EA7BD60D9E" box="[671,728,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2015: 73 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).—T.J.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FB0A45EA7C930D9E" author="Li, T. J. & Loh, Y. X. & Lim, W & Nyanasengeran, M. & Low, B. W. & Tan, H. H. & Yeo, D. C. J. & Cai, Y." box="[1270,1437,691,717]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="557 - 573" refId="ref324350" refString="Li, T. J., Loh, Y. X., Lim, W, Nyanasengeran, M., Low, B. W., Tan, H. H., Yeo, D. C. J. & Cai, Y. (2019) The fish fauna of Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore, 71 (Supplement 1), 557 - 573." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FAEA45EA7C410D9E" box="[1302,1359,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2019:
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
568.—R.C.H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 149, 179.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF8CB860FF0B45A27DA10C0E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF0B45A27DA10C0E" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFF8CB860FF0B45A27C920C46" box="[247,1436,763,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF0B45A27B250C46" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1960" box="[247,555,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF0B45A278740C46" box="[247,378,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FE5B45A27B250C46" box="[423,555,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—K.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF8CB860FD9745A27A140C46" author="Lim, K." box="[619,794,763,789]" page="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FD9745A27A140C46" author="Lim, K." box="[619,794,763,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref325224" refString="Lim, K. (1990 b) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 3 (1 - 4), 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1990">Lim, 1990b: 12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Nee Soon Swamp Forest).—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou,
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
1990: 56.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FDCC44467A4E0C6A" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Yang, C. M." box="[560,832,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="215 - 233" refId="ref326464" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Yang, C. M. (1991) An annotated checklist of the amphibians of Singapore, with emphasis on material in the Zoological Reference Collection. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (1), 215 - 233." type="journal article" year="1991">Lim & Yang, 1991: 217</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 218. P.K.L. Ng & K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FB9144467C120C6A" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[1133,1308,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 260</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Nee Soon Swamp Forest).—R.C.H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 394 (Rifle Range Forest).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF8CB860FF0B443E789D097E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF0B443E7BFE0CD2" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[247,752,871,897]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FF0B443E78AF0CD2" box="[247,417,871,897]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF0B443E78740CD2" box="[247,378,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(part)—T.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FDC3443E7BE20CD2" author="Leong, T. M." box="[575,748,871,897]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="2 - 8" refId="ref323035" refString="Leong, T. M. (2000) Amphibian tales. Nature Watch, 8 (4), 2 - 8." type="journal article" year="2000">Leong, 2000: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B44D27D8C0BBA" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B44D278060CF6" bold="true" box="[151,264,907,933]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
A consequence of urban development,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FD4144D27A5B0CF6" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1960" box="[701,853,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FD4144D27A5B0CF6" box="[701,853,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">I. paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first discovered in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF8CB860FB9C44D27DC00CF6" box="[1120,1230,907,933]" name="Singapore" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1904 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FAC644D278210C9A" author="Hanitsch, R." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="18 - 26" refId="ref312473" refString="Hanitsch, R. (1905) Raffles Library and Museum. In: Annual Departmental Reports of the Straits Settlements for the Year 1904. Published by Authority, Singapore, pp. 18 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1905">Hanitsch 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) when Bell collected one during excavations of the MacRitchie (then known as the Impounding) Reservoir (Hanitsch 1908).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FE4A448A7BB20CBE" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1960" box="[438,700,979,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FE4A448A7BB20CBE" box="[438,700,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ichthyophis paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not recorded again until 80 years later when one was found in mud in a stream at Jungle Fall Valley on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FD5544AE7A430B42" box="[681,845,1015,1041]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1984-03-29">29 March 1984</date>
|
||
(Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FC7F44AE7AB60B42" box="[899,952,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1988). However, CAS 7424 apparently went overlooked as it was collected on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FD8C43427A240B66" box="[624,810,1051,1077]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1940-10-10">10 October 1940</date>
|
||
from an unknown location. The third reported specimen was of a larva seen on a student’s shoe on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FD4243667A8F0B0A" box="[702,897,1087,1113]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1989-02-14">14 February 1989</date>
|
||
, also at Jungle Fall Valley (Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FB2C43667C080B0A" box="[1232,1286,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1989a). After the fourth specimen was observed at NSSF on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FD12433A7ABC0B2E" box="[750,946,1123,1149]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1990-09-07">7 September 1990</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF8CB860FC3E433A7D330B2E" author="Lim, K." box="[962,1085,1123,1149]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="12 - 13" refId="ref325224" refString="Lim, K. (1990 b) Amphibians. The Pangolin, 3 (1 - 4), 12 - 13." type="journal article" year="1990">Lim 1990b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF8CB860FBB3433A7DEB0B2E" ID-CoL="6N5S6" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1960" box="[1103,1253,1123,1149]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisulcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FBB3433A7DEB0B2E" box="[1103,1253,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">I. paucisulcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
went unreported for another 25 years, until freshwater biodiversity surveys at BTNR detected two individuals. The first was a juvenile found hiding in submerged leaf litter on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FCDA43F27AE60B96" box="[806,1000,1194,1221]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2015-02-23">23 February 2015</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF8CB860FC0443F27D400B96" box="[1016,1102,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="348.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@348.[154,1433,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="348" captionText="FIGURE 4. A) Ichthyophis paucisulcus, B) Duttaphrynus bengalensis, C) Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus, D) Pelophryne ingeri, E) Fejervarya cancrivora, F) Fejervarya limnocharis, G) Limnonectes blythii, and H) Limnonectes malesianus. Photographs by: Cai Yixiong [A], Alex Figueroa [B, D–H], and Kelvin K.P. Lim [C]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960327/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the second was a smaller individual that was found at the same location on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FCE843977AB40BBA" box="[788,954,1230,1257]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2015-03-25">25 March 2015</date>
|
||
(Lim
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FC0243967D3B0BBA" box="[1022,1077,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B43AB7C1D0A5E" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,1299,1266,1293]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B43AB78240A5F" bold="true" box="[151,298,1266,1292]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Restricted, known only from BTNR and NSSF, and the historical record from MR. Rare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B424F7A070A62" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,777,1302,1329]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B424F7B0A0A62" bold="true" box="[151,516,1302,1329]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF8CB860FF6B424F781E0A63" box="[151,272,1302,1328]" name="Singapore" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
conservation status.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Critically Endangered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B42637B090A06" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,519,1338,1365]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B426378AF0A07" bold="true" box="[151,417,1338,1364]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Conservation priority.</emphasis>
|
||
Highest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B42077BDB0A2A" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,725,1374,1401]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B420778DC0A2A" bold="true" box="[151,466,1374,1401]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">IUCN conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Least Concern [2018].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B42DB7B3D0A92" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B42DB7D490ACE" bold="true" box="[151,1095,1410,1437]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. Bukit Timah Nature Reserve:</emphasis>
|
||
ZRC.1.1360 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FB0A42DA7C9E0ACE" box="[1270,1424,1411,1437]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1984-03-29">29-Mar-1984</date>
|
||
), ZRC.1.1703 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF8CB860FE6D42FE7B260A92" box="[401,552,1447,1473]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1989-02-14">14-Feb-1989</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B42937AE00AB6" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" box="[151,1006,1482,1509]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B42937AA60AB7" bold="true" box="[151,936,1482,1509]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF8CB860FEE2429378990AB7" box="[286,407,1482,1508]" name="Singapore" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
museum specimens.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF8CB860FD6D42937A040AB7" box="[657,778,1482,1508]" name="Singapore" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(no locality):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CAS.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF8CB860FF6B42B7789D097E" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF8CB860FF6B42B77882095B" bold="true" box="[151,396,1518,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF8CB860FF6B42B7781E095B" box="[151,272,1518,1544]" name="Singapore" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
localities.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve—MacRitchie Reservoir—Nee Soon Swamp Forest—Rifle Range Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |