treatments-xml/data/7B/52/87/7B5287F0DE48E46FE2693B1604CBCADD.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12333" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4720622" checkinTime="1619444012732" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Prantoni, Alessandro Lívio, Wit, Pierre De &amp; Erséus, Christer" docDate="2016" docId="7B5287F0DE48E46FE2693B1604CBCADD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.176.485-510.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12333" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Grania hinojosai Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus 2016, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="498" masterDocId="876BFF88DE44E462E349395E0740C819" masterDocTitle="First reports of Grania (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) from Africa and South America: molecular phylogeny and descriptions of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="510" masterPageNumber="485" pageNumber="497" updateTime="1673465143273" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:title>First reports of Grania (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) from Africa and South America: molecular phylogeny and descriptions of nine new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Prantoni, Alessandro Lívio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wit, Pierre De</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Erséus, Christer</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-02-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>176</mods:number>
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4720622</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5287F0DE48E46FE2693B1604CBCADD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B5287F0DE48E46FE2693B1604CBCADD" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="498" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<subSubSection box="[288,614,584,605]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="12.[206,696,584,669]" box="[288,614,584,605]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<heading box="[288,614,584,605]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" reason="2">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3H7Z7" ID-ENA="1702337" authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[288,515,584,605]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">GRANIA HINOJOSAI</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[522,614,584,605]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" rank="species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[522,555,584,605]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">SP.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[562,614,584,605]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">NOV.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="498" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="12.[206,696,584,669]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[144,225,1852,1871]" captionTargetBox="[147,1421,1237,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-488@12.[144,1424,1234,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Grania hinojosai sp. nov. A, chaetae. B, spermatheca. C, penial bulb and sperm funnel. See text for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720638/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
FIGURE 7 
<taxonomicName authority="SP." authorityName="SP." box="[206,292,648,669]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[206,292,648,669]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">GRANIA</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</figureCitation>
SP. 
<collectingCountry box="[338,408,648,669]" name="Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">CHILE</collectingCountry>
1; DE WIT 
<emphasis box="[542,604,652,668]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">ET AL</emphasis>
., 2011B
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[144,759,686,922]" box="[144,243,686,707]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis box="[144,243,686,707]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<typeStatus box="[144,243,686,707]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[144,759,686,922]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="GU902189" collectingDate="2009-02-06" collectionCode="ZUEC" collectorName="Intertidal &amp; P. De Wit &amp; I. Hinojosa &amp; GenBank" country="Chile" latitude="-30.305277" location="Puerto Aldea" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-71.659164" municipality="Elqui" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" specimenCode="CLI 08, PDW186" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Coquimbo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode box="[144,217,717,738]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">ZUEC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode box="[224,314,717,738]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">CLI 08</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[331,439,717,739]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">PDW186</specimenCode>
, whole-mounted, sexually mature specimen, with some segments amputated, from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5287F0DE48E46FE2693B1604CBCADD:F624603DDE48E46EE3D93A550670CB39" box="[144,304,778,800]" country="Chile" latitude="-30.305277" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-71.659164" municipality="Elqui" name="Puerto Aldea" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" stateProvince="Coquimbo">Puerto Aldea</location>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[320,441,778,800]" country="Chile" name="Coquimbo" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Coquimbo</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[458,525,778,800]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Elqui</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[541,606,778,800]" name="Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Chile</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[623,752,778,800]" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-30.305277">30°18′19″S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[144,277,808,830]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-71.659164">71°39′33″W</geoCoordinate>
. 
<collectorName box="[291,404,809,831]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Intertidal</collectorName>
, sand among rocks, 
<collectorName box="[649,759,809,831]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">P. De Wit</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName box="[200,332,839,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">I. Hinojosa</collectorName>
, 
<date box="[348,546,839,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" value="2009-02-06">
<collectingDate box="[348,546,839,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" value="2009-02-06">6 February 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
. 
<emphasis box="[562,610,840,861]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">COI</emphasis>
barcode sequence, 
<collectorName box="[243,352,870,892]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">GenBank</collectorName>
acc. no. 
<accessionNumber box="[466,592,870,891]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/GU902189" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">GU902189</accessionNumber>
; for other sequence data, see 
<tableCitation box="[346,430,900,922]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[31,95,393,414]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Specimens of the new species used for genetic analysis, with places of origin, voucher numbers, and GenBank accession numbers" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[144,758,968,1051]" box="[144,263,968,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis box="[144,263,968,989]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[144,758,968,1051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Named for Ivan Hinojosa, who was instrumental to all of the Chilean fieldwork.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[144,759,1098,1180]" box="[144,257,1098,1119]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis box="[144,257,1098,1119]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<typeStatus box="[144,257,1098,1119]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[144,759,1098,1180]" lastBlockId="12.[806,1422,197,372]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-02-06" collectionCode="ZUEC" collectorName="Four &amp; P. De Wit." country="Chile" latitude="-29.95639" location="Pampilla Point" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-71.36083" municipality="Elqui" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" specimenCode="CLI 09, PDW187, CLI 10, CLI 12, PDW177, PDW181, PDW182" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Coquimbo" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName box="[144,198,1128,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Four</collectorName>
whole-mounted, sexually mature specimens, and all collected by 
<collectorName box="[314,425,1158,1180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">P. De Wit.</collectorName>
<collectionCode box="[431,500,1158,1179]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">ZUEC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode box="[506,586,1158,1179]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">CLI 09</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[597,698,1158,1179]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">PDW187</specimenCode>
, with some segments amputated, from type locality. 
<collectionCode box="[1305,1373,197,218]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">ZUEC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">CLI 10</specimenCode>
– 
<specimenCode box="[846,931,228,249]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">CLI 12</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[947,1050,228,249]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">PDW177</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[1065,1168,228,249]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">PDW181</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[1183,1286,228,249]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">PDW182</specimenCode>
, with some segments amputated, from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5287F0DE48E46FE2693B1604CBCADD:F624603DDE48E46EE714385C024AC901" box="[1117,1290,258,280]" country="Chile" latitude="-29.95639" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-71.36083" municipality="Elqui" name="Pampilla Point" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" stateProvince="Coquimbo">Pampilla Point</location>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[1301,1417,258,280]" country="Chile" name="Coquimbo" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Coquimbo</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[806,867,289,311]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Elqui</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[877,936,289,311]" name="Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Chile</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[947,1063,288,310]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-29.95639">29°57′23″S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1075,1200,288,310]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-71.36083">71°21′39″W</geoCoordinate>
, heterogeneous sand with organic material, 
<date box="[1069,1262,319,341]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" value="2009-02-06">
<collectingDate box="[1069,1262,319,341]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" value="2009-02-06">6 February 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
. For 
<emphasis box="[1321,1368,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">COI</emphasis>
barcodes of 
<typeStatus box="[907,1023,350,371]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">paratypes</typeStatus>
, see 
<tableCitation box="[1083,1167,350,372]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[31,95,393,414]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Specimens of the new species used for genetic analysis, with places of origin, voucher numbers, and GenBank accession numbers" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Table 1</tableCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[806,1422,424,1180]" box="[806,935,424,445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis box="[806,935,424,445]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[806,1422,424,1180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
Body&gt; 
<quantity box="[894,1055,454,476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.85" metricValueMin="4.15" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.85" valueMin="4.15">4.15–5.85 mm</quantity>
long,&gt; 18–28 segments (
<emphasis box="[1355,1370,455,476]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">n</emphasis>
= 5) (posterior ends used for DNA extractions), 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" unit="mm" value="0.185" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.17">0.17– 0.20 mm</quantity>
wide at segment V, 
<quantity box="[1203,1378,515,537]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" unit="mm" value="0.18" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.20 mm</quantity>
at segment XII (
<emphasis box="[965,980,547,568]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">n</emphasis>
= 5). Prostomium conical or rounded, 67–87 μm long, 100–110 μm wide, epidermis not reduced at front tip, 10–12 μm thick (
<emphasis box="[1155,1170,608,629]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">n</emphasis>
= 5). Ventral chaetae from segment IV, lateral chaetae from segments XVII– XIX. Chaetae (
<figureCitation box="[977,1060,668,691]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[144,225,1852,1871]" captionTargetBox="[147,1421,1237,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-488@12.[144,1424,1234,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Grania hinojosai sp. nov. A, chaetae. B, spermatheca. C, penial bulb and sperm funnel. See text for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720638/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
) increasing in size towards the posterior, 30–65 μm long, shaft straight, 3.7–6.2 μm thick at midpoint, L-shaped, proximally bent into a foot, with low instep and indistinct heel. Chaetal index (
<bibRefCitation author="Erseus C &amp; Rota E" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" pagination="892 - 900" refId="ref17321" refString="Erseus C, Rota E. 2003. New findings and an overview of the oligochaetous Clitellata (Annelida) of the North Atlantic deep sea. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 116: 892 - 900." type="journal article" year="2003">Rota &amp; Erséus, 2003</bibRefCitation>
) 3.99 ± 0.42 (
<emphasis box="[1101,1116,792,813]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">n</emphasis>
= 5). Epidermal gland cells inconspicuous. Clitellum maximally 7–10 μm thick, extending from posterior half of segment XI to anterior half of segment XIII, formed by more or less regular transverse rows of granular cells, absent between male pores. Spermathecal pores in lateral lines, somewhat posterior to 4/5. Male pores ventrolateral in midsegment XII. Female pores not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[806,1422,424,1180]" lastBlockId="13.[164,779,197,800]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="498" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
Brain posteriorly indented. Head organ (
<emphasis box="[1298,1361,1036,1057]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Rota E &amp; Erseus C" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" pagination="169 - 183" refId="ref18340" refString="Rota E, Erseus C. 1996. Six new species of Grania (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae) from the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Antarctic Science 2: 169 - 183." type="journal article" year="1996">Rota &amp; Erséus, 1996</bibRefCitation>
) absent. Pharyngeal glands in segments IV–VI, dorsal lobes in segment IV (one pair), in segment V (one pair), and in segment VI (one pair), ventral lobes present in segment IV (one pair), in segment V (two pairs), and in segment VI (two pairs); glands not connected dorsally. Nephridia not observed. Chloragogen cells not observed. Dorsal blood vessel commencing in segments XV or XVI. Coelomocytes not observed. Sperm sac extending into segment XIV, egg sac extending into segment XVI (
<typeStatus box="[586,686,350,372]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">holotype</typeStatus>
). Sperm funnels about 1.5 times longer than wide (
<figureCitation box="[627,708,380,403]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[144,225,1852,1871]" captionTargetBox="[147,1421,1237,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-488@12.[144,1424,1234,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Grania hinojosai sp. nov. A, chaetae. B, spermatheca. C, penial bulb and sperm funnel. See text for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720638/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
). Vasa deferentia observed in segments XI–XII, internally ciliated, tightly coiled near sperm funnel, 10 μm wide. Penial apparatus type 1 (
<emphasis box="[462,525,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Coates KA" box="[535,687,472,494]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" pagination="45 - 50" refId="ref16484" refString="Coates KA. 1984. Specific criteria in Grania (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae). Hydrobiologia 115: 45 - 50." type="journal article" year="1984">Coates, 1984</bibRefCitation>
), small, compact glandular bulb, 47–50 μm long, 55–67 μm wide (
<emphasis box="[172,187,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">n</emphasis>
= 5); stylet absent. Midventral copulatory gland (in segment XIV) present. Each spermatheca attached to oesophagus in posterior half of segment V through narrow ental duct. Ampulla ‘heart-shaped’, 37–55 μm long, 37–52 μm wide (
<figureCitation box="[436,525,656,678]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[144,225,1852,1871]" captionTargetBox="[147,1421,1237,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-488@12.[144,1424,1234,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Grania hinojosai sp. nov. A, chaetae. B, spermatheca. C, penial bulb and sperm funnel. See text for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720638/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). Sperm rings maximally 17 μm wide, but few (
<emphasis box="[484,499,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">n</emphasis>
= 5). Ectal duct narrowing at both ends, 80–92 μm long, 37–40 μm wide, joining ampulla through a conical intrusion, with a prominent gland attached near pore (
<figureCitation box="[537,623,778,800]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[144,225,1852,1871]" captionTargetBox="[147,1421,1237,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-488@12.[144,1424,1234,1823]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Grania hinojosai sp. nov. A, chaetae. B, spermatheca. C, penial bulb and sperm funnel. See text for abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720638/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4720638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720638/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" startId="12.[144,225,1852,1871]" targetBox="[147,1421,1237,1820]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph blockId="12.[144,1422,1852,1901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[144,568,1852,1871]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
Figure 7. 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[263,473,1852,1871]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[263,473,1852,1871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Grania hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[479,568,1852,1871]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, chaetae. B, spermatheca. C, penial bulb and sperm funnel. See text for abbreviations.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="13.[164,779,839,1901]" box="[164,265,839,860]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis box="[164,265,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[164,779,839,1901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
The diagnostic characters for 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[506,643,870,891]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[506,643,870,891]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[650,734,870,891]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are the unique combination of the glands at the spermathecal pores, the location of these pores, at some distance from 4/5, the short sperm funnels, and the small and compact penial bulbs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[164,779,839,1901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
Among the group of 
<taxonomicName box="[414,577,1023,1045]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis box="[414,493,1023,1044]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Grania</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
possessing glands at the spermathecal pores, 
<taxonomicName authority="De Wit &amp; Erseus, 2007" authorityName="De Wit &amp; Erseus" authorityYear="2007" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="novacaledonia">
<emphasis box="[483,737,1053,1075]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Grania novacaledonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="De Wit P &amp; Erseus C" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" pagination="27 - 50" refId="ref16899" refString="De Wit P, Erseus C. 2007. Seven new species of Grania (Annelida: Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) from New Caledonia, South Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 50: 27 - 50." type="journal article" year="2007">De Wit &amp; Erséus, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
resembles this Chilean species by sharing characters such as the distribution of lateral chaetae, the chaetal size distribution (increasing in size posteriorly), presence of a midventral copulatory gland (in segment XIV), and the absence of copulatory stylets; however, 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[276,412,1237,1258]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[276,412,1237,1258]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[419,504,1238,1259]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is distinguished by its shorter sperm funnel and its spermathecal ducts narrowing ectally. Spermathecal glands have also been reported for some species in the West Indian Ocean [
<taxonomicName authority="Coates, 1990" authorityName="Coates" authorityYear="1990" box="[172,480,1360,1381]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ersei">
<emphasis box="[172,317,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Grania ersei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Coates KA" box="[329,480,1360,1381]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" pagination="13 - 41" refId="ref16506" refString="Coates KA. 1990. Marine Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida) of the Albany area, Western Australia. In: Wells FE, Walker DI, Kirkman H, Lethbridge R, eds. Proceedings of the third international marine biological workshop: the marine flora and fauna of albany. Western Australia: Western Australian Museum, 13 - 41." type="book chapter" year="1990">Coates, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="(Coates &amp; Stacey, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Coates &amp; Stacey" baseAuthorityYear="1997" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darwinensis">
<emphasis box="[546,778,1359,1381]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Grania darwinensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Coates KA &amp; Stacey DF" box="[171,425,1389,1412]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" pagination="67 - 79" refId="ref16676" refString="Coates KA, Stacey DF. 1997. Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta: Annelida) of the lower shore and shallow subtidal of Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory, Australia. In: Hanley J, Caswell G, Megirian D, Larson H, eds. Proceedings of the sixth international marine biological workshop: the marine flora and fauna of Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory, Australia. Darwin: Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory and the Australian Marine Sciences Association, 67 - 79." type="book chapter" year="1997">Coates &amp; Stacey, 1997</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
], North Pacific waters [
<taxonomicName authority="(Eisen, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Eisen" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paucispina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Grania paucispina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Eisen G" box="[308,450,1420,1443]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" pagination="1 - 166" refId="ref17103" refString="Eisen G. 1904. Enchytraeidae of the west coast of North America. Harriman Alaska Expedition Series 12: 1 - 166." type="book chapter" year="1904">Eisen, 1904</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
], and the North (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kennedy" authorityYear="1966" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) as well as the South Atlantic Ocean (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[173,353,1482,1503]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monochaeta">
<emphasis box="[173,353,1482,1503]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. monochaeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The heart-shaped spermathecal ampulla, the somewhat spindle-shaped spermathecal duct, and the more posterior distribution of the lateral chaetae appear to distinguish 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[500,633,1574,1595]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[500,633,1574,1595]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[639,720,1574,1595]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Coates" authorityYear="1990" box="[164,249,1605,1626]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ersei">
<emphasis box="[164,249,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. ersei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eisen" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[312,469,1605,1626]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paucispina">
<emphasis box="[312,469,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. paucispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the lateral chaetae begin in segments XVII–XIX in 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[465,601,1635,1656]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[465,601,1635,1656]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[608,695,1635,1656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but in segments XIV or XV in the other two taxa. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Coates" authorityYear="1990" box="[643,779,1666,1687]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ersei">
<emphasis box="[643,779,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Grania ersei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a top-shaped spermathecal ampulla, and a long, coiled spermathecal duct, whereas 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eisen" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[571,729,1727,1748]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paucispina">
<emphasis box="[571,729,1727,1748]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. paucispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a spermatheca with an ovoid ampulla. Moreover, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Coates" authorityYear="1990" box="[699,779,1757,1779]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ersei">
<emphasis box="[699,779,1757,1779]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. ersei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses very long copulatory stylets, structures not even present in 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[355,491,1818,1840]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[355,491,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[498,583,1819,1840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[164,779,839,1901]" lastBlockId="13.[826,1442,197,708]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
The Western Australian 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Coates &amp; Stacey" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[472,643,1849,1870]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darwinensis">
<emphasis box="[472,643,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. darwinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a more complex penial apparatus than 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[515,646,1879,1901]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[515,646,1879,1901]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[652,736,1880,1901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, i.e. it has accessory glands, covered by muscle layers, at both sides of the bulb, whereas in 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[1213,1347,227,249]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1213,1347,227,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1353,1438,228,249]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, the whole apparatus is smaller and compact.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[826,1442,197,708]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kennedy" authorityYear="1966" box="[851,1077,289,310]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis box="[851,1077,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Grania americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily differentiated from 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[826,962,319,340]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[826,962,319,340]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[968,1052,319,340]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the length of the sperm funnel (eight times longer than wide in the former, about 1.5 times longer than wide in the latter) and the presence of a head organ, absent in 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[1205,1342,411,432]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1205,1342,411,432]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1349,1434,411,432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[826,1442,197,708]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
Although 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[970,1142,441,463]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monochaeta">
<emphasis box="[970,1142,441,463]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. monochaeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[1208,1348,441,463]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1208,1348,441,463]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1355,1442,442,463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
share the somewhat unusual, more posterior, position of the spermathecal pores, and the presence of a midventral copulatory gland in segment XIV (
<bibRefCitation author="Rota E &amp; Erseus C" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" pagination="27 - 42" refId="ref18373" refString="Rota E, Erseus C. 1997. A re-examination of Grania monochaeta (Michaelsen) (Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae), with descriptions of two new species from Subantarctic South Georgia. Journal of Natural History 31: 27 - 42." type="journal article" year="1997">Rota &amp; Erséus, 1997</bibRefCitation>
), the lateral chaetae start in segment XIII in 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[857,1025,594,616]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monochaeta">
<emphasis box="[857,1025,594,616]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. monochaeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but start in segments XVII–XIX in 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[826,959,625,646]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[826,959,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[965,1047,625,646]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Finally, 
<taxonomicName authority="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus, 2016" authorityName="Prantoni &amp; Wit &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2016" box="[1144,1277,625,646]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Grania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hinojosai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1144,1277,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">G. hinojosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1283,1365,625,646]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from all species mentioned above by its short sperm funnel.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>