454 lines
54 KiB
XML
454 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="EECAF9D129B5D4747D912244977FD519" ID-CLB-Dataset="20729" ID-DOI="10.15553/c2017v722a15" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3daa21e6-497a-466b-b4f6-ef0ae1dd0ba4" ID-ISSN="2235-3658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5722061" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637688082922" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kainulainen, Kent, Ee, Benjamin van, Razafindraibe, Hanta & Berry, Paul E." docDate="2017" docId="543287AACB32FFB2FCF4FCB2FBA2514F" docLanguage="en" docName="Candollea.72.2.371-402.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Candollea 72 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B.3:Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B" docStyleName="Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Croton orangeae Kainul. & P. E. Berry 2017, spec. nova" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="395" masterDocId="A80BFFD2CB25FFAAFFD5FFDEFFA85571" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Adenophorus Group and other glandular-leaved species of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) from northern Madagascar and Mayotte, including three new species" masterLastPageNumber="402" masterPageNumber="371" pageNumber="394" updateTime="1699469743698" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="3C2F82196B8A35A4B857FA13F3E9608A">A revision of the Adenophorus Group and other glandular-leaved species of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) from northern Madagascar and Mayotte, including three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CD070BCA19588248A62495C239C412CC">Kainulainen, Kent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1294D9A54A39A4769D8A3B20CD183D3F">Ee, Benjamin van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="53315D44FFD1EC22E76B26293FD55A54">Razafindraibe, Hanta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="511583BF1FD87E46CFE3C5401288054F">Berry, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7A15573A9EB5A111D0249A65B60D9F19">Candollea</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AFF9DCF9E3EDFCE115A64DF023FD88C3">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="543287AACB32FFB2FCF4FCB2FBA2514F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6308325" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193313516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6308325" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:543287AACB32FFB2FCF4FCB2FBA2514F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/543287AACB32FFB2FCF4FCB2FBA2514F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="395" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">
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<taxonomicName id="1B9B4D3FCB32FFBDFCF4FCB2FB6D56F4" ID-CoL="8WT3Y" authority="Kainul. & P.E. Berry" authorityName="Kainul. & P. E. Berry" authorityYear="2017" box="[801,1221,876,901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orangeae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB32FFBDFCF4FCB2FC7C56F5" bold="true" box="[801,980,876,900]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">Croton orangeae</emphasis>
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Kainul. & P.E. Berry
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F5DC57D5CB32FFBDFB05FCB2FAEE56F5" box="[1232,1350,876,900]" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" rank="species">spec. nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB32FFBDFA82FCB2FA0E56F5" box="[1367,1446,876,900]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,163,1829,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[136,1474,276,1614]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Abaxial side of leaves showing laminar glands and pubescence A. Croton nudatus Baill.; B. Croton stanneus Baill.; C. Croton adenophorus Baill.; D. Croton bathianus Leandri; E. Croton loucoubensis Baill.; F. Croton orangeae Kainul. & Berry; G. Croton sahafariensis Kainul. & Berry; H. Croton scoriarum Leandri; I. Croton tsiampiensis Leandri. [A: van Ee et al. 2340; B: van Ee et al. 2160; C: van Ee et al. 1135; D: van Ee et al. 1138; E: Ammann et al. 378; F: van Ee et al. 2353; G: van Ee et al. 1089; H: van Ee et al. 2329; I: Nusbaumer LN 902]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6049835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6049835/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB32FFBDFCF4FC52FCEC56D5" box="[801,836,908,932]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,163,1188,1207]" captionTargetBox="[136,1472,276,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-386@4.[136,1472,276,1167]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Distribution maps. A. Croton nudatus Baill. (white), C. stanneus Baill. (yellow); B. Croton adenophorus Baill. (green) and C. tsiampiensis Leandri (white); C. Croton bathianus Leandri (light blue), C. loucoubensis Baill. (yellow), and Croton scoriarum Leandri (red); D. Croton orangeae Kainul. & Berry (red) and C. sahafariensis Kainul. & Berry (yellow); E. Croton mayottae P.E. Berry & Kainul. [Google Earth Image © 2017 DigitalGlobe. Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722063/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">2D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB32FFBDFC9AFC52FCF556D5" box="[847,861,908,932]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,167,1802,1821]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,276,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@8.[133,1476,273,1780]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Capsules (A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O); Seeds (B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P). A-B. Croton nudatus Baill.; C-D. Croton stanneus Baill.; E-F. Croton adenophorus Baill.; G-H. Croton bathianus Baill.; I-J. Croton loucoubensis Baill.; K-L. Croton orangeae Kainul. & P.E. Berry; M-N. Croton sahafariensis Kainul. & P.E. Berry; O-P. Croton tsiampiensis Leandri. [A: Randrianaivo et al. 1424; B: Gautier & Chatelain 4898; C: Gillespie 10802; D: Nusbaumer LN 906; E: van Ee et al. 1165; F: van Ee et al. 2294; G: van Ee et al. 2406; H: van Ee et al.1138; I: Nusbaumer 2536; J: Bernard et al. 1192; K-L: Razafitsalama et al. 692; M-N: van Ee et al. 2314; O-P: Nusbaumer 902]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722069/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">4</figureCitation>
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K-L, 10).
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<collectingRegion id="1E5FF85ECB32FFBDFC92FC69FC2556BE" box="[839,909,951,975]" name="Typus" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">Typus</collectingRegion>
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:
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.
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<collectingRegion id="1E5FF85ECB32FFBDFB9FFC69FB2D56BE" box="[1098,1157,951,975]" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">Prov.</collectingRegion>
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Antsiranana:
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,
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. 692
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(holo-:
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[
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iso-:
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,
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!,
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)
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.
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<subSubSection id="94816537CB32FFB2FC92FBBCFE4D501E" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="395" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DC2436BCCB32FFBDFC92FBBCFC6A504B" blockId="23.[839,1452,1122,1338]" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">
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<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB32FFBDFC92FBBCFC6A504B" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">
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<taxonomicName id="1B9B4D3FCB32FFBDFC92FBBCFB615108" authority="Kainul. & P. E. Berry" authorityName="Kainul. & P. E. Berry" authorityYear="2017" box="[839,1225,1122,1146]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orangeae">Croton orangeae Kainul. & P.E. Berry</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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||
<taxonomicName id="1B9B4D3FCB32FFBDFA9CFBBCFC6551EB" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophorus">C. adenophorus Baill.</taxonomicName>
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||
in its denticulate, cordate leaves and glabrous stems, but differs in its stipules that are awn-shaped (vs foliaceous), its mature leaves that are scabrously stellate-pubescent (vs subglabrous), and the bark of the branches matte and tan to gray (vs ± glossy and reddish brown) and soon turning flaky (vs smooth).
|
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB32FFBDFC92FABCFC39500B" box="[839,913,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">Shrubs</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB32FFBDFC49FABCFC4D5008" box="[924,997,1378,1402]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1-4 m</quantity>
|
||
tall, dichotomously branching, internodes sometimes so short as to give the appearance of whorled branches. Branches flattened on new growth but becoming terete with age, pale green and sparsely covered with whitish stellate indument, soon turning tan to gray, glabrous, matte. Bark flaky, gray to brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB32FFBDFB30F9DCFAEB536B" box="[1253,1347,1538,1562]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[136,163,1856,1875]" captionTargetBox="[215,1393,276,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-16@20.[215,1393,276,1827]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 10. Croton orangeae Kainul. & Berry A. Leaves; B. Bark; C. Underside of leaves; note the scabrous, stellate, indument and the laminar glands (arrow); D. Young inflorescences; E. Flowering branch with staminate flower and young fruits; F. Staminate flower and young fruits; G. Staminate flower in anthesis and mature fruits below. [A-B: van Ee et al. 2351; C-E: van Ee et al. 1080; F-G: Razafitsalama et al. 692] [Photos: A-D: P. Berry; E: B. van Ee; F-G: R. Randrianaivo]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722081/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Stipules
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB32FFBDFCF4F9FFFC2E5348" box="[801,902,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5-10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, awn-shaped, early caducous.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB32FFBDFB2AF9FCFAEC5348" box="[1279,1348,1570,1593]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="394">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
opposite, deciduous. Petioles
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB32FFBDFC2AF99FFBDA5328" box="[1023,1138,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" unit="cm" value="5.25" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5-10 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, adaxially canaliculate, stellate-pubescent, usually with a pair of subsessile, concave, discoid glands
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB32FFBDFC1FF95FFBF853E8" box="[970,1104,1665,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.4">0.4-0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam. at the junction with the lamina. Leaf blades chartaceous, (subentire) dentate to denticulate, ovate, 2.2-14.0 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB32FFBDFBE3F91FFB0E53A8" box="[1078,1190,1729,1753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="394" unit="cm" value="8.25" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5-14 cm</quantity>
|
||
, apex (acute) acuminate, base (truncate) cordate; both sides with a persistent, scabrous stellate indument, green when fresh, drying matte pale green to brown; venation evident, with 6-10 pairs of brochidodromus, ± penninerved secondary veins (the lowermost pairs congested and appearing palmate), and cross-venulate tertiary venation; venation prominent, sometimes with glands in some of the axils of the secondary veins on the lower surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB3DFFB2FD32FEC9FF0D543E" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,163,1829,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[136,1474,276,1614]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Abaxial side of leaves showing laminar glands and pubescence A. Croton nudatus Baill.; B. Croton stanneus Baill.; C. Croton adenophorus Baill.; D. Croton bathianus Leandri; E. Croton loucoubensis Baill.; F. Croton orangeae Kainul. & Berry; G. Croton sahafariensis Kainul. & Berry; H. Croton scoriarum Leandri; I. Croton tsiampiensis Leandri. [A: van Ee et al. 2340; B: van Ee et al. 2160; C: van Ee et al. 1135; D: van Ee et al. 1138; E: Ammann et al. 378; F: van Ee et al. 2353; G: van Ee et al. 1089; H: van Ee et al. 2329; I: Nusbaumer LN 902]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6049835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6049835/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
), but absent in most leaves.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FE1BFEE9FDF8543E" box="[462,592,311,335]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
terminal, racemelike thryses
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FEC5FE89FEDE541F" box="[272,374,343,367]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="cm" value="3.75" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="1.0">1-6.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, bisexual with pistillate flowers towards the base and staminate flowers towards the distal end, axes stellate-pubescent, flattened; bracts narrowly triangular, c.
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FF39FE69FEEF54BF" box="[236,327,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, caducous.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FDD8FE69FD7C54BE" box="[525,724,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
with stellate-pubescent, subglobose buds, c.
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FDCBFE09FDD9549F" box="[542,625,471,495]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., pedicels elongating from bud to anthesis,
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE3CFE29FDE9577F" box="[489,577,503,527]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; sepals 5, pale green, shortly connate at base, lobes broadly triangular-ovate, 2-2.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FF09FDE9FEF4573F" box="[220,348,567,591]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5-1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apex acute, inflexed at anthesis, abaxially stellate-pubescent, adaxially glabrous, margins ciliate; petals 5, elliptic to spatulate, 1.5-2.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE10FDA9FDED57FF" box="[453,581,631,655]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7-0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, recurved at anthesis, abaxially glabrous and papillose, adaxially ciliate towards apex, margins densely ciliate; disc glands 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, ellipsoidal, c. 0.4 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE7AFD09FDAE579F" box="[431,518,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, yellow; stamens 13-21, white, filaments
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE90FD29FE63567F" box="[325,459,759,783]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ciliate, anthers broadly elliptic, c. 0.8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FEECFCC9FE27565F" box="[313,399,791,815]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; receptacle pilose.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FDB1FCC9FCBA565E" box="[612,786,791,815]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
with stellate-pubescent buds
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE12FCE9FD9D563F" box="[455,565,823,847]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2-2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., pedicels
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FD30FCE9FF48561F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5- 5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; sepals 5, elliptic, not spreading at anthesis, 1.8-2.8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FF2EFCA9FEC756FF" box="[251,367,887,911]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.0">1-1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apex acute, shortly connate at base, abaxially and adaxially stellate-pubescent, persistent in fruit; petals sometimes absent or reduced, when present 1.4-1.8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FF5DFC09FEA1569F" box="[136,265,983,1007]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7-0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, spatulate, glabrous except for the ciliate margin, abaxially papillose; disc glands 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, ellipsoidal, 0.3 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE90FBC9FE34515F" box="[325,412,1047,1071]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, yellow; ovary densely covered by ferrugineous to dark brown, stellate trichomes, globoid-ellipsoid,
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FF5DFB89FF48511F" box="[136,224,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., styles 3, c.
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE73FB89FE4E511F" box="[422,486,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, each branch flattened and twice bifurcate, spreading, recurved at the apices, abaxially stellate-pubescent, adaxially glabrous, persistent.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FD68FB49FCBA51DE" box="[701,786,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Capsules</emphasis>
|
||
broadly globoid, 5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE8EFB69FE0551BF" box="[347,429,1207,1231]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, smooth, pale brown, covered with contrasting dark brown stellate trichomes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB3DFFB2FDEEFB09FD22519E" box="[571,650,1239,1263]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,167,1802,1821]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,276,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@8.[133,1476,273,1780]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Capsules (A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O); Seeds (B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P). A-B. Croton nudatus Baill.; C-D. Croton stanneus Baill.; E-F. Croton adenophorus Baill.; G-H. Croton bathianus Baill.; I-J. Croton loucoubensis Baill.; K-L. Croton orangeae Kainul. & P.E. Berry; M-N. Croton sahafariensis Kainul. & P.E. Berry; O-P. Croton tsiampiensis Leandri. [A: Randrianaivo et al. 1424; B: Gautier & Chatelain 4898; C: Gillespie 10802; D: Nusbaumer LN 906; E: van Ee et al. 1165; F: van Ee et al. 2294; G: van Ee et al. 2406; H: van Ee et al.1138; I: Nusbaumer 2536; J: Bernard et al. 1192; K-L: Razafitsalama et al. 692; M-N: van Ee et al. 2314; O-P: Nusbaumer 902]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722069/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4K</figureCitation>
|
||
), exocarp not separating, endocarp woody, c.
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FE6AFB29FDA6507F" box="[447,526,1271,1295]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick; columella
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FD6BFB29FCBB507F" box="[702,787,1271,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, cornute, capitate.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FEAEFAC9FE07505E" box="[379,431,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
± compressed-ellipsoid, c. 3.5 × 3 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FF49FAE9FF73503F" box="[156,219,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; testa matte, verrucose, pale brown; caruncle narrowly reniform c. 0.4 ×
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FEEEFA89FED1501F" box="[315,377,1367,1391]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB3DFFB2FE52FA89FE70501E" box="[391,472,1367,1391]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,167,1802,1821]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,276,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-16@8.[133,1476,273,1780]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Capsules (A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O); Seeds (B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P). A-B. Croton nudatus Baill.; C-D. Croton stanneus Baill.; E-F. Croton adenophorus Baill.; G-H. Croton bathianus Baill.; I-J. Croton loucoubensis Baill.; K-L. Croton orangeae Kainul. & P.E. Berry; M-N. Croton sahafariensis Kainul. & P.E. Berry; O-P. Croton tsiampiensis Leandri. [A: Randrianaivo et al. 1424; B: Gautier & Chatelain 4898; C: Gillespie 10802; D: Nusbaumer LN 906; E: van Ee et al. 1165; F: van Ee et al. 2294; G: van Ee et al. 2406; H: van Ee et al.1138; I: Nusbaumer 2536; J: Bernard et al. 1192; K-L: Razafitsalama et al. 692; M-N: van Ee et al. 2314; O-P: Nusbaumer 902]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722069/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Fig. 4L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94816537CB3DFFB2FF7BFA49FDC6509E" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC2436BCCB3DFFB2FF7BFA49FDC6509E" blockId="24.[136,787,1431,1519]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FF7BFA49FE9C50DE" box="[174,308,1431,1455]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Etymology. –</emphasis>
|
||
The epithet refers to the Orangea (Oronjia) Peninsula in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1E5FF85ECB3DFFB2FEC3FA69FDAB50BE" box="[278,515,1463,1487]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Antsiranana Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, where the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0320881ECB3DFFB2FD57FA69FD1950BE" box="[642,689,1463,1487]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected and the species is apparently restricted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94816537CB3DFFB2FF7BF9C9FEB1531E" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC2436BCCB3DFFB2FF7BF9C9FEB1531E" blockId="24.[136,786,1559,1647]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FF7BF9C9FE99535E" box="[174,305,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Phenology. –</emphasis>
|
||
Only a few specimens are known, collected in bud in March, in flower in August-December, and in fruit in December.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94816537CB3DFFB2FF7BF949FE63525E" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC2436BCCB3DFFB2FF7BF949FE63525E" blockId="24.[136,787,1687,1839]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FF7BF949FE5053DE" box="[174,504,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Distribution, habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
– This species is so far only known from the Orangea (Oronjia) Peninsula in northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1E5FF85ECB3DFFB2FF5DF909FED8539E" box="[136,368,1751,1775]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Antsiranana Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
where it grows in dry scrub vegetation and littoral forest on limestone and sand, from sea level to c.
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FF4AF8C9FF7D525F" box="[159,213,1815,1839]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
in elevation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44A02A39CB3DFFB2FEB2F8C9FE16525E" box="[359,446,1815,1839]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,163,1188,1207]" captionTargetBox="[136,1472,276,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-386@4.[136,1472,276,1167]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Distribution maps. A. Croton nudatus Baill. (white), C. stanneus Baill. (yellow); B. Croton adenophorus Baill. (green) and C. tsiampiensis Leandri (white); C. Croton bathianus Leandri (light blue), C. loucoubensis Baill. (yellow), and Croton scoriarum Leandri (red); D. Croton orangeae Kainul. & Berry (red) and C. sahafariensis Kainul. & Berry (yellow); E. Croton mayottae P.E. Berry & Kainul. [Google Earth Image © 2017 DigitalGlobe. Reproduced per attribution guidelines]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5722063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5722063/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94816537CB3DFFB2FF7BF889FAA554BE" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC2436BCCB3DFFB2FF7BF889FAA554BE" blockId="24.[136,787,1879,1935]" lastBlockId="24.[824,1475,279,463]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FF7BF889FDDA521E" box="[174,626,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
Conservation assessment. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B9B4D3FCB3DFFB2FE1EF889FDDA521E" authorityName="Kainul. & P. E. Berry" authorityYear="2017" box="[459,626,1879,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orangeae">Croton orangeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known only from the Orangea Peninsula. The deciduous forests of Orangea are currently threatened by deforestation despite their recent additon to Madagascar’s protected area network. Deforestation is mostly related to agricultural practices. Given this and the extent of occurrence is <
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FBEEFEA9FB3054FE" box="[1083,1176,375,399]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="km" value="5000.0">5000 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="2BEE9BF4CB3DFFB2FB4DFEA8FB0854F5" attach="left" box="[1176,1184,374,388]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">2</superScript>
|
||
, the new species is assigned as “Endangered” [EN B1 ab(iii)], according the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B80A4B4DCB3DFFB2FBA1FE69FAAA54BE" author="IUCN" box="[1140,1282,439,463]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" refId="ref27792" refString="IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1 ed 2. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge." type="book" year="2012">IUCN, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94816537CB3DFFB2FC8BFE26FB39565E" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC2436BCCB3DFFB2FC8BFE26FB39565E" blockId="24.[824,1474,503,815]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FC8BFE26FBF1577E" box="[862,1113,503,527]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
Notes. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B9B4D3FCB3DFFB2FC61FE29FBF1577E" authorityName="Kainul. & P. E. Berry" authorityYear="2017" box="[948,1113,503,527]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orangeae">Croton orangeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinct for its glabrous, grayish branches with flaky bark, and dentate to denticulate leaves with a persistent, scabrous indument on both sides. In the shape of the leaves and in the pale brown capsules with white and contrasting brown stellate trichomes, it may appear similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B9B4D3FCB3DFFB2FC83FD49FC5C57DE" box="[854,1012,663,687]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adenophorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FC83FD49FC5C57DE" box="[854,1012,663,687]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">C. adenophorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but that species has a glossy reddish bark and subglabrous leaves, and also differ in its usually longer inflorescences (
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FC37FD09FBFE579F" box="[994,1110,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.15" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="cm" value="11.75" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-22 cm</quantity>
|
||
vs
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FBA9FD09FB49579F" box="[1148,1249,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="cm" value="3.75" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="1.0">1-6.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B9B4D3FCB3DFFB2FADDFD09FA2B579E" authorityName="Kainul. & P. E. Berry" authorityYear="2017" box="[1288,1411,727,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orangeae">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FADDFD09FA2B579E" box="[1288,1411,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">C. orangeae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and distinctly foliaceous stipules and calyces. No vernacular names have been noted for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94816537CB3DFFB2FC8BFC8BFBA2514F" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC2436BCCB3DFFB2FC8BFC8BFBA2514F" blockId="24.[824,1475,853,1086]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FC8BFC8BFBC55619" box="[862,1133,853,872]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Additional specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6CF33CE1CB3DFFB2FB51FC8BFCE556EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3463906329" collectingDate="1970-11-25" collectionCode="K, P" collectorName="Debray" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." location="Orangea" municipality="Antsiranana Distr." pageId="24" pageNumber="395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Antsiranana">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FB51FC8BFA6A5619" bold="true" box="[1156,1474,853,872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A48C762CCB3DFFB2FB51FC8BFAAD5619" box="[1156,1285,853,872]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1E5FF85ECB3DFFB2FAC4FC8BFA115619" box="[1297,1465,853,872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Prov. Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="35454E30CB3DFFB2FCEDFCAEFC3656F2" box="[824,926,880,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Diana Reg.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="3C40ACC6CB3DFFB2FC72FCAEFBE556F2" box="[935,1101,880,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Antsiranana Distr.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D9446067CB3DFFB2FB80FCAEFB0A56F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:543287AACB32FFB2FCF4FCB2FBA2514F:D9446067CB3DFFB2FB80FCAEFB0A56F2" box="[1109,1186,880,899]" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." municipality="Antsiranana Distr." name="Orangea" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" stateProvince="Prov. Antsiranana">Orangea</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A825107CCB3DFFB2FB7EFCAEFAB856F2" box="[1195,1296,880,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="1970-11-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B861E994CB3DFFB2FB7EFCAEFAB856F2" box="[1195,1296,880,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="1970-11-25">25.XI.1970</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FACFFCAEFA0956F2" box="[1306,1441,880,899]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FACFFCAEFAFE56F2" box="[1306,1366,880,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Debray</collectorName>
|
||
1525-D
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FA7BFCAEFA1756F2" box="[1454,1471,880,899]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FCEDFC55FCEE56EF" box="[824,838,907,926]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">P</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6CF33CE1CB3DFFB2FC8EFC54FB9956C9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3463906450" collectingDate="2001-08-29" collectionCode="MO, P" collectorName="Rabenantoandro & Razanatsoa" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." elevation="13" latitude="-12.238889" location="Orangea" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.36361" municipality="Antsiranana Distr." pageId="24" pageNumber="395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FC8EFC54FC0A56EC" box="[859,930,906,925]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FC7EFC55FBA356EF" box="[939,1035,907,926]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-12.238889">12°14’20”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FBC7FC55FBDE56EF" box="[1042,1142,907,926]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="15" seconds="49" value="49.36361">49°21’49”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FB55FC55FB0656EF" box="[1152,1198,907,926]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="13.0">
|
||
<elevation id="57B6D18FCB3DFFB2FB55FC55FB0656EF" box="[1152,1198,907,926]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A825107CCB3DFFB2FB6DFC55FA8556EF" box="[1208,1325,907,926]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2001-08-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B861E994CB3DFFB2FB6DFC55FA8556EF" box="[1208,1325,907,926]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2001-08-29">29.VIII.2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FAE2FC54FC7556C9" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FAE2FC54FA6956EC" box="[1335,1473,906,925]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Rabenantoandro</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FC85FC78FC1D56C9" box="[848,949,934,952]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">Razanatsoa</collectorName>
|
||
579
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FC3FFC7BFBBA56C9" box="[1002,1042,933,952]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FBC9FC7BFB8256C9" box="[1052,1066,933,952]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">P</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6CF33CE1CB3DFFB2FB95FC7BFB3A56A2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3463906385" collectingDate="2009-10-25" collectionCode="MICH" collectorName="van Ee et al" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." elevation="50" latitude="-12.235611" location="Orangea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.361195" municipality="Antsiranana Distr." pageId="24" pageNumber="395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FB95FC7BFB2156C9" box="[1088,1161,933,952]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FB46FC7BFAAE56C9" box="[1171,1286,933,952]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="1" seconds="08.2" value="-12.235611">12°14’08.2”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FADBFC7BFA2D56C9" box="[1294,1413,933,952]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="1" seconds="40.3" value="49.361195">49°21’40.3”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FA5AFC7BFA1656C8" box="[1423,1470,933,953]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="50.0">
|
||
<elevation id="57B6D18FCB3DFFB2FA5AFC7BFA1656C8" box="[1423,1470,933,953]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A825107CCB3DFFB2FCEDFC1EFC3D56A2" box="[824,917,960,979]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2009-10-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B861E994CB3DFFB2FCEDFC1EFC3D56A2" box="[824,917,960,979]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2009-10-25">25.X.2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FC4AFC1EFB9556A2" box="[927,1085,960,979]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FC4AFC1EFBA156A2" box="[927,1033,960,979]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">van Ee et al</collectorName>
|
||
. 1080
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FB9FFC1EFB2456A2" box="[1098,1164,960,979]" collectionName="MICH" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6CF33CE1CB3DFFB2FB74FC1EFAA9569F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3463906324" collectingDate="2016-03-05" collectionCode="MICH, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." elevation="19" latitude="-12.231667" location="Orangea" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.357777" municipality="Antsiranana Distr." pageId="24" pageNumber="395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FB74FC1EFB4156A2" box="[1185,1257,960,979]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FB27FC1EFAFB56A2" box="[1266,1363,960,979]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-12.231667">12°13’54”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FA8FFC1EFA1656A2" box="[1370,1470,960,979]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="15" seconds="28" value="49.357777">49°21’28”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FCEDFC05FCCE569F" box="[824,870,987,1006]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="19.0">
|
||
<elevation id="57B6D18FCB3DFFB2FCEDFC05FCCE569F" box="[824,870,987,1006]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A825107CCB3DFFB2FCA5FC04FC65569C" box="[880,973,986,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B861E994CB3DFFB2FCA5FC04FC65569C" box="[880,973,986,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">5.III.2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FC02FC05FBDC569F" box="[983,1140,986,1006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FC02FC05FBE8569C" box="[983,1088,986,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">van Ee et al</collectorName>
|
||
. 2343
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FB54FC05FB6B569F" box="[1153,1219,987,1006]" collectionName="MICH" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FB19FC05FB54569F" box="[1228,1276,987,1006]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6CF33CE1CB3DFFB2FAC5FC04FAC25179" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3463906301" collectingDate="2016-03-05" collectionCode="MICH, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." elevation="30" latitude="-12.235556" location="Orangea" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.36139" municipality="Antsiranana Distr." pageId="24" pageNumber="395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FAC5FC04FAF0569C" box="[1296,1368,986,1005]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FAB4FC05FA6A569F" box="[1377,1474,987,1006]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-12.235556">12°14’08”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF507BCB3DFFB2FCEDFC2BFC345179" box="[824,924,1013,1032]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" precision="15" seconds="41" value="49.36139">49°21’41”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1B639B59CB3DFFB2FC73FC2BFC7C5178" box="[934,980,1013,1033]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="30.0">
|
||
<elevation id="57B6D18FCB3DFFB2FC73FC2BFC7C5178" box="[934,980,1013,1033]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A825107CCB3DFFB2FC08FC2BFB905179" box="[989,1080,1013,1032]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B861E994CB3DFFB2FC08FC2BFB905179" box="[989,1080,1013,1032]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">5.III.2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FB96FC28FB765179" box="[1091,1246,1013,1032]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FB96FC28FB035179" box="[1091,1195,1013,1032]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">van Ee et al</collectorName>
|
||
. 2351
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FB3EFC2BFA845179" box="[1259,1324,1013,1032]" collectionName="MICH" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FAE0FC2BFACC5179" box="[1333,1380,1013,1032]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6CF33CE1CB3DFFB2FAACFC2BFB115152" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3463906505" collectingDate="2016-03-05" collectionCode="MICH, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." elevation="30" latitude="-12.235556" location="Orangea" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.36139" municipality="Antsiranana Distr." pageId="24" pageNumber="395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FAACFC2BFA175179" box="[1401,1471,1013,1032]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A825107CCB3DFFB2FCEDFBCEFC395152" box="[824,913,1040,1059]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B861E994CB3DFFB2FCEDFBCEFC395152" box="[824,913,1040,1059]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">5.III.2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FC4FFBCEFB995152" box="[922,1073,1040,1059]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FC4FFBCEFC565152" box="[922,1022,1040,1059]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">van Ee et al</collectorName>
|
||
. 2352
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FBE9FBCEFBD45152" box="[1084,1148,1040,1059]" collectionName="MICH" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FB51FBCEFB1B5152" box="[1156,1203,1040,1059]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6CF33CE1CB3DFFB2FB13FBCEFBAE514F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3463906432" collectingDate="2016-03-05" collectionCode="MICH, TAN" collectorName="van Ee et al" country="Madagascar" county="Diana Reg." elevation="30" latitude="-12.235556" location="Orangea" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.36139" municipality="Antsiranana Distr." pageId="24" pageNumber="395" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov.">
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||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FB13FBCEFAA25152" box="[1222,1290,1040,1059]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="A825107CCB3DFFB2FAC7FBCEFAC35152" box="[1298,1387,1040,1059]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B861E994CB3DFFB2FAC7FBCEFAC35152" box="[1298,1387,1040,1059]" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" value="2016-03-05">5.III.2016</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EEEFEAAECB3DFFB2FAA1FBCEFCD4514F" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<collectorName id="716E536ACB3DFFB2FAA1FBCEFCE1514C" pageId="24" pageNumber="395">van Ee et al</collectorName>
|
||
. 2353
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FC52FBF5FC6F514F" box="[903,967,1067,1086]" collectionName="MICH" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15602" name="University of Michigan" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BA8AAE79CB3DFFB2FC1AFBF5FBA8514F" box="[975,1024,1067,1086]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="24" pageNumber="395" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |