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102 lines
13 KiB
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<document id="E5B6B0D32E74CCFF86BF5BF68EE64DAB" ID-CLB-Dataset="124667" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5175.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b95e8ef4-8327-458d-ab9a-6364dbdec66e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7003720" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1660737755363" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Higgins, Kathleen & Ibáñez, Roberto" docDate="2022" docId="0B1B879EFFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B01802E10" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5175.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5175 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andinobates geminisae Batista, Jaramillo, Ponce & Crawford 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="396" masterDocId="F722FFE6FFA1FFD2BF25FFB202552B20" masterDocTitle="Description of two dendrobatid tadpoles (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Andinobates and Oophaga) with comments on egg clutches" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="395" pageNumber="396" updateTime="1699369512470" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D967194737400624ED1DAA66DB7A0B36">
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<mods:title id="25DC262C4851B72F5755B5E1B5F91854">Description of two dendrobatid tadpoles (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Andinobates and Oophaga) with comments on egg clutches</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="189FA31551D114DE620AA296BC5F3BF3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8956530B0B904252FC87300CCE28BF6C">Higgins, Kathleen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FA416E3C79DFCA84DA4F2EFCA813C3C0" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9893-8931</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="46E81273C2A332A63A733A66391DE8E1">Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, V 5 A 1 S 6, Burnaby, BC, Canada. kathleen _ higgins @ sfu. ca, kehiggins 012 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9893 - 8931</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E769C62965352E1DD3439F835DF56ADC" type="email">kehiggins012@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2B6B014B7215CDDD9B533AA5F17FF0AA">Ibáñez, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3A5E2298885F23D5C1CBE38DC55A6303">Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843 - 03092, Panamá, Republic of Panama. & Sistema Nacional de Investigación, SENACYT, Clayton, Panamá, Republic of Panama.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="69DC5BA85FA9061D8E27C33D8EDDEBC1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="63AAF61F064F2BDCC98F4FEA3542AE41">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4B5713CA5A47960DF18776FE2655CD2A">
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<mods:date id="B5009314CA0D6CD079EB806E251F3C6B">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5102AA82C757DFD7FF8EC7314C3592FA">2022-08-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="382D190B6ABC254D477D7C3285C61E13">5175</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4949B28460D10A0CC6BBBFC8A70E4C4C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5175.3.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0B1B879EFFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B01802E10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7010106" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199505204" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7010106" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B1B879EFFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B01802E10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B1B879EFFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B01802E10" lastPageNumber="396" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
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<subSubSection id="CBA86503FFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B03E52834" box="[151,432,761,788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="830D3688FFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B03E52834" blockId="1.[151,1437,761,1328]" box="[151,432,761,788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
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<heading id="D84581E4FFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B03E52834" bold="true" box="[151,432,761,788]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="44B24D0BFFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B03E52834" ID-CoL="DQDW" authorityName="Batista, Jaramillo, Ponce & Crawford" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,432,761,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Andinobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geminisae">
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<emphasis id="B1C6EA9AFFA0FFD3BFB2FD4B03E52834" bold="true" box="[151,432,761,788]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Andinobates geminisae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CBA86503FFA0FFD3BFB2FCAD01802E10" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="description">
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<paragraph id="830D3688FFA0FFD3BFB2FCAD03142F5B" blockId="1.[151,1437,761,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
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Body and tail length measurements of
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<taxonomicName id="44B24D0BFFA0FFD3BD1BFC92009C2817" authorityName="Batista, Jaramillo, Ponce & Crawford" authorityYear="2014" box="[574,713,800,823]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Andinobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geminisae">
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<emphasis id="B1C6EA9AFFA0FFD3BD1BFC92009C2817" box="[574,713,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">A. geminisae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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tadpoles are summarized in
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<tableCitation id="CE300333FFA0FFD3BB26FCAD06002818" box="[1027,1109,799,824]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,1375,1399]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of Andinobates geminisae and Oophaga vicentei, given in mm as range; mean (SD). Values marked with (*) were calculated with smaller n (6, 3, 4, and 3, respectively)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D7CD6600FFA0FFD3BFB2FAED019D2EBB" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" tableUuid="D7CD6600FFA0FFD3BFB2FAED019D2EBB">Table 1</tableCitation>
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. The body is oval-shaped and depressed (
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<figureCitation id="1B892A0DFFA0FFD3BE35FCF10333287C" box="[272,358,835,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,714,738]" captionTargetBox="[360,1220,190,682]" captionTargetId="figure-16@2.[351,1234,180,689]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. (a) Tadpole of Andinobates geminisae at Stage 28, oral apparatus and left lateral view; (b) Tadpole of Oophaga vicentei, combining the body shape at Stage 33 and the oral disc of a Stage 41 specimen to show the highest LTRF 1/1. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003722/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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). Eyes and nares are positioned dorsally, oriented dorsolaterally. Nares are round without projection in the inner margin of the nasal rim. The spiracle is sinistral and vent tube is dextral. The oral disc is round with a very slight lateral indentation. The posterior labium is lined with a single row of oral papillae that extend the bottom lateral corners of the anterior labium. LTRF is 2(2)/3[1] in older tadpoles, but all Stage
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<specimenCount id="95B4FD01FFA0FFD3BB2EFC1D06C828E7" box="[1035,1181,943,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="generic">25 specimens</specimenCount>
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had only two posterior labial tooth rows. The jaw sheath is massive and serrate, and the mouth is oriented anteroventrally. The upper jaw sheath is U-shaped. In 10% formalin,
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<taxonomicName id="44B24D0BFFA0FFD3BEC2FC4A00272F2F" authorityName="Batista, Jaramillo, Ponce & Crawford" authorityYear="2014" box="[487,626,1016,1039]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Andinobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geminisae">
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<emphasis id="B1C6EA9AFFA0FFD3BEC2FC4A00272F2F" box="[487,626,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">A. geminisae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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tadpoles are greyish brown dorsally and light grey to transparent ventrally (
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<figureCitation id="1B892A0DFFA0FFD3BFBAFBA902A12F14" box="[159,244,1051,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,834,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-68@2.[349,1238,834,1719]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Stage 41 tadpoles of (a) preserved Andinobates geminisae and (b) live Oophaga vicentei and ≤ 3 Stage eggs of (c) A. geminisae and (d) O. vicentei. Scale bars = 10 mm (a,b) and 5 mm (c,d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003724/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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). A differentiated short gut in the abdominal area can be noticed. The tail fin is light grey or translucent and nearly reaches the body. Live tadpoles were dark grey to black dorsally, with a lighter grey ventral side. The tail tip is rounded and translucent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="830D3688FFA0FFD3BFE2FB3501802E10" blockId="1.[151,1437,761,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
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Viable clutches of
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<taxonomicName id="44B24D0BFFA0FFD3BEB4FB3A004E2FBF" authorityName="Batista, Jaramillo, Ponce & Crawford" authorityYear="2014" box="[401,539,1160,1183]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Andinobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geminisae">
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<emphasis id="B1C6EA9AFFA0FFD3BEB4FB3A004E2FBF" box="[401,539,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">A. geminisae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with eggs at Stage ≤ 3 were examined (n = 16). In our sample, the number of eggs per clutch was one (n = 14) or two (n = 2). While eggs from the same clutch were always in close contact, the translucent jelly capsules surrounding each egg (n = 18) were discrete in
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<emphasis id="B1C6EA9AFFA0FFD3BC04FB6201E42FC7" box="[801,945,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
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<taxonomicName id="44B24D0BFFA0FFD3BC04FB6201FB2FC7" authorityName="Batista, Jaramillo, Ponce & Crawford" authorityYear="2014" box="[801,942,1232,1255]" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Andinobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geminisae">A. geminisae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The embryos were solid medium-dark grey in the animal pole with varying amounts of light grey at the vegetal pole (
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<figureCitation id="1B892A0DFFA0FFD3BCAAFB4101B72E2C" box="[911,994,1267,1292]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[349,1238,834,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-68@2.[349,1238,834,1719]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Stage 41 tadpoles of (a) preserved Andinobates geminisae and (b) live Oophaga vicentei and ≤ 3 Stage eggs of (c) A. geminisae and (d) O. vicentei. Scale bars = 10 mm (a,b) and 5 mm (c,d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003724/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
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). Average egg diameter was
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<quantity id="444A9B6DFFA0FFD3BA3DFB41073C2E2B" box="[1304,1385,1267,1291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
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(n = 18, SD = 0.85), with a mean embryo diameter of
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<quantity id="444A9B6DFFA0FFD3BD80FAAA00A32E0F" box="[677,758,1304,1328]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
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(n = 18, SD = 0.23).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |