120 lines
20 KiB
XML
120 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="AB56EA5ECAD99BA103D57C97B9F71018" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.202575" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6fc0416-99c9-495a-af89-35115e9a1675" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="202575" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460302833884" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pietrykowska-Tudruj, Ewa & Staniec, Bernard" docDate="2011" docId="7E75879EFF91FFE66ACC03B70C1FFAFE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02865p067.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2865" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Philonthus atratus Gravenhorst" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="824CFFE6FF94FFE36A5B01220E7FFFC9" masterDocTitle="The morphology of the pupae of six species of Philonthina (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini) with taxonomic remarks" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698252825721" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EE0AB50791628665D421BEBC77020EC5">
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<mods:title id="14F8F963F519EACEE46C8BD265A342F8">The morphology of the pupae of six species of Philonthina (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini) with taxonomic remarks</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A1444E17BE4E86C2447C957424C93D93" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9DDF5E0E7E52DCE122CC91D42B0A094B">Pietrykowska-Tudruj, Ewa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71D980F86D424E107982411ECB45C4DC">Staniec, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="99EF3D22BFA95771C903E8552424CDCE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8B8318D06CAB87EC371826FD790278C0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6A8C4D235E3DDE6288BC98BAF26910CB">
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<mods:date id="81754EF9C03D3CCA18AB17D4863DB662">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="78490DFD5A3B7A78ACC71132393D7A44" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5F193D6B751DC8402B861300A381C324">2865</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="47A1E49363A00E5F321A010D40888B05">53</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6DE8C3271736F9D420A018D1A7157C57">67</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="39C6DED6D4450A68BC8FDAF84D2BC8BB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.202575</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="64AA67622BC9520D282E77DCA7853F1B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="20389E2B10D02C53D6845F4CCF4378A4" type="Zenodo-Dep">202575</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7E75879EFF91FFE66ACC03B70C1FFAFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6183489" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119400039" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6183489" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E75879EFF91FFE66ACC03B70C1FFAFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E75879EFF91FFE66ACC03B70C1FFAFE" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="BEC66503FF91FFE66ACC03B70C1FFAFE" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F6633688FF91FFE66ACC03B70C4CFD66" blockId="5.[151,563,661,720]" box="[151,563,661,687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="AD2B81E4FF91FFE66ACC03B70C4CFD66" bold="true" box="[151,563,661,687]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="31DC4D0BFF91FFE66ACC03B70C4CFD66" ID-CoL="4G9RT" authority="Gravenhorst" authorityName="Gravenhorst" box="[151,563,661,687]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
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<emphasis id="C4A8EA9AFF91FFE66ACC03B70C4CFD66" bold="true" box="[151,563,661,687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="C4A8EA9AFF91FFE66ACC03B70F06FD66" bold="true" box="[151,377,661,687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Philonthus atratus</emphasis>
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(Gravenhorst)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F6633688FF91FFE66ACC039A0C4FFD19" blockId="5.[151,563,661,720]" box="[151,560,696,720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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(
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66AC4039A0F7BFD19" box="[159,260,696,720]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1961,1984]" captionTargetBox="[228,1337,183,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1350,183,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Pupa of Philonthus atratus (7 – 9) and P. carbonarius (10 – 12). (7, 10) Ventral aspect, (8, 11) lateral aspect, (9, 12) dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 7–9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66B54039A0F27FD19" box="[271,344,696,720]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[232,1328,193,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1345,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 40. Pupa of Gabrius osseticus (19, 20), Philonthus atratus (21 – 25), P. carbonarius (26 – 32), P. debilis (33 – 35) and P. decorus (36 – 40). (19, 21, 26, 27, 36) Lateral part of segment VII with microstructure (19 A, 26 A) and spine (27); (20, 22, 33, 39, 40) lateral part of segment VIII with microstructure (39 A) and spine (40); (23, 24, 28, 29) lateral part of segment IV with spine (24, 29); (25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38) lateral part of segment V with microstructure (34 A) and spine (32, 35, 38)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202579/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">21–25</figureCitation>
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, 45–46, 54, 59, 65)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F6633688FF91FFE66ACC02220C1FFAFE" blockId="5.[151,1436,768,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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Body length:
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<quantity id="31249B6DFF91FFE66B7402220FADFCD1" box="[303,466,768,792]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.97" metricValueMax="6.23" metricValueMin="5.71" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="5.97" valueMax="6.23" valueMin="5.71">5.71–6.23 mm</quantity>
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(mean 6.00 mm); body width:
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<quantity id="31249B6DFF91FFE6697402220DADFCD1" box="[815,978,768,792]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.455" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.41" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="2.455" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.41">2.41–2.50 mm</quantity>
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(mean
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<quantity id="31249B6DFF91FFE66E7D02220AF1FCD1" box="[1062,1166,768,792]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="2.44">2.44 mm</quantity>
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); head width:
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<quantity id="31249B6DFF91FFE66F7702220EBCFCF5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4049999999999998" metricValueMax="1.43" metricValueMin="1.38" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.4049999999999998" valueMax="1.43" valueMin="1.38">1.38–1.43 mm</quantity>
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(mean
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<quantity id="31249B6DFF91FFE66B4E02060F02FCF5" box="[277,381,804,828]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.40 mm</quantity>
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); pronotum width:
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<quantity id="31249B6DFF91FFE6680A02060C8CFCF5" box="[593,755,804,828]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.705" metricValueMax="1.74" metricValueMin="1.67" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.705" valueMax="1.74" valueMin="1.67">1.67–1.74 mm</quantity>
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(mean
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<quantity id="31249B6DFF91FFE6691D02060DD2FCF5" box="[838,941,804,828]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.70 mm</quantity>
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), about as broad as long; body rather slender and moderately sclerotized. Head about 1.3 x as long as wide (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66938026A0DB3FCA9" box="[867,972,840,864]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1961,1984]" captionTargetBox="[228,1337,183,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1350,183,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Pupa of Philonthus atratus (7 – 9) and P. carbonarius (10 – 12). (7, 10) Ventral aspect, (8, 11) lateral aspect, (9, 12) dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 7–9</figureCitation>
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). Antennae almost reaching to middle of elytra length (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66B68024E0F08FC4D" box="[307,375,876,900]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1961,1984]" captionTargetBox="[228,1337,183,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1350,183,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Pupa of Philonthus atratus (7 – 9) and P. carbonarius (10 – 12). (7, 10) Ventral aspect, (8, 11) lateral aspect, (9, 12) dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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). Anterior margin of pronotum with 13–14 or 16 projections (7/6, 7/7, 8/8 projections on sides in individuals). The wings protruding on the posterior margin of 1st (morphologically 3rd) clearly visible, abdominal segment as in
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<emphasis id="C4A8EA9AFF91FFE66B6C029A0FC8FC06" box="[311,439,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">G. o s s e t i c u s</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="31DC4D0BFF91FFE66BA9029A0CE8FC06" box="[498,663,951,975]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
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<emphasis id="C4A8EA9AFF91FFE66BA9029A0CE8FC06" box="[498,663,951,975]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">P. carbonarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE668FD02950D75FC06" box="[678,778,951,975]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[201,1371,187,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[199,1376,187,1937]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pupa of Bisnius fimentarius (1 – 3) and Gabrius osseticus (4 – 6). (1, 4) Ventral aspect, (2, 5) lateral aspect, (3, 6) dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202576/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE6694C029A0DE8FC06" box="[791,919,951,975]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1961,1984]" captionTargetBox="[228,1337,183,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1350,183,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Pupa of Philonthus atratus (7 – 9) and P. carbonarius (10 – 12). (7, 10) Ventral aspect, (8, 11) lateral aspect, (9, 12) dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">7, 8, 10, 11</figureCitation>
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). Each fore, middle, and hind tibiae with 2–4, 9 and 5 protuberances respectively. The length of hind legs as in
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<taxonomicName id="31DC4D0BFF91FFE6693702FE0A6FFC3A" box="[876,1040,987,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
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<emphasis id="C4A8EA9AFF91FFE6693702FE0A6FFC3A" box="[876,1040,987,1011]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">P. carbonarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66E4402F90AA9FC3A" box="[1055,1238,987,1011]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1961,1984]" captionTargetBox="[228,1337,183,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1350,183,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Pupa of Philonthus atratus (7 – 9) and P. carbonarius (10 – 12). (7, 10) Ventral aspect, (8, 11) lateral aspect, (9, 12) dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 7, 8, 10, 11</figureCitation>
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). Abdomen moderately and gradually widened from segment II to segment IV and narrowed to the terminal segment of the body (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66AC405010E9AFBF2" box="[159,229,1059,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1961,1984]" captionTargetBox="[228,1337,183,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1350,183,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 12. Pupa of Philonthus atratus (7 – 9) and P. carbonarius (10 – 12). (7, 10) Ventral aspect, (8, 11) lateral aspect, (9, 12) dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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). Abdominal segments III–VIII, or only VII and VIII, each with a pair of setiform projections on the sides (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66AC405650F5BFB96" box="[159,292,1095,1119]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[232,1328,193,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1345,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 40. Pupa of Gabrius osseticus (19, 20), Philonthus atratus (21 – 25), P. carbonarius (26 – 32), P. debilis (33 – 35) and P. decorus (36 – 40). (19, 21, 26, 27, 36) Lateral part of segment VII with microstructure (19 A, 26 A) and spine (27); (20, 22, 33, 39, 40) lateral part of segment VIII with microstructure (39 A) and spine (40); (23, 24, 28, 29) lateral part of segment IV with spine (24, 29); (25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38) lateral part of segment V with microstructure (34 A) and spine (32, 35, 38)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202579/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 21–25</figureCitation>
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). If abdominal segments III–VI bearing setiform projections, then those at least
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<date id="82621048FF91FFE66EE705650A9EFB96" box="[1212,1249,1095,1119]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">4 x</date>
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shorter than the appropriate segment (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66BD105490C73FB4A" box="[394,524,1131,1155]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[232,1328,193,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1345,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 40. Pupa of Gabrius osseticus (19, 20), Philonthus atratus (21 – 25), P. carbonarius (26 – 32), P. debilis (33 – 35) and P. decorus (36 – 40). (19, 21, 26, 27, 36) Lateral part of segment VII with microstructure (19 A, 26 A) and spine (27); (20, 22, 33, 39, 40) lateral part of segment VIII with microstructure (39 A) and spine (40); (23, 24, 28, 29) lateral part of segment IV with spine (24, 29); (25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38) lateral part of segment V with microstructure (34 A) and spine (32, 35, 38)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202579/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 23, 25</figureCitation>
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). Abdominal segments VII about 1.2–1.3 times longer than projections (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66F6105490BF1FB4A" box="[1338,1422,1131,1155]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[232,1328,193,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1345,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 40. Pupa of Gabrius osseticus (19, 20), Philonthus atratus (21 – 25), P. carbonarius (26 – 32), P. debilis (33 – 35) and P. decorus (36 – 40). (19, 21, 26, 27, 36) Lateral part of segment VII with microstructure (19 A, 26 A) and spine (27); (20, 22, 33, 39, 40) lateral part of segment VIII with microstructure (39 A) and spine (40); (23, 24, 28, 29) lateral part of segment IV with spine (24, 29); (25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38) lateral part of segment V with microstructure (34 A) and spine (32, 35, 38)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202579/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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); abdominal segments VIII distinctly shorter than projection (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE6696405AD0DEAFB6E" box="[831,917,1167,1191]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[232,1328,193,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1345,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 40. Pupa of Gabrius osseticus (19, 20), Philonthus atratus (21 – 25), P. carbonarius (26 – 32), P. debilis (33 – 35) and P. decorus (36 – 40). (19, 21, 26, 27, 36) Lateral part of segment VII with microstructure (19 A, 26 A) and spine (27); (20, 22, 33, 39, 40) lateral part of segment VIII with microstructure (39 A) and spine (40); (23, 24, 28, 29) lateral part of segment IV with spine (24, 29); (25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38) lateral part of segment V with microstructure (34 A) and spine (32, 35, 38)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202579/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
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); projections with sparse, sharp cuticular processes (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66AB505910F3AFB02" box="[238,325,1203,1227]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[232,1328,193,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1345,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 40. Pupa of Gabrius osseticus (19, 20), Philonthus atratus (21 – 25), P. carbonarius (26 – 32), P. debilis (33 – 35) and P. decorus (36 – 40). (19, 21, 26, 27, 36) Lateral part of segment VII with microstructure (19 A, 26 A) and spine (27); (20, 22, 33, 39, 40) lateral part of segment VIII with microstructure (39 A) and spine (40); (23, 24, 28, 29) lateral part of segment IV with spine (24, 29); (25, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38) lateral part of segment V with microstructure (34 A) and spine (32, 35, 38)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202579/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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). Female pupa with two well-developed ventral, elongated, straight prolongations (Figs 45, 45A) with numerous tiny cuticular processes (Fig. 45 A); male pupa with sternite IX as in Fig. 46; terminal prolongation similar in structure to
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<taxonomicName id="31DC4D0BFF91FFE66BCB05DE0C6BFADA" box="[400,532,1276,1299]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gabrius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="osseticus">
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<emphasis id="C4A8EA9AFF91FFE66BCB05DE0C6BFADA" box="[400,532,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">G. osseticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figs 43, 43B). The first pair of functional spiracles elongated moderately (
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66F3105D90E9EFAFE" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 70" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[257,1311,181,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[256,1312,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 70. Pupa of Bisnius fimentarius (52, 61, 62), Gabrius osseticus (53, 58, 63, 64), Philonthus atratus (54, 59, 65), P. carbonarius (55, 66), P. debilis (56, 60, 68 – 70) and P. d e c o r u s (57, 67). (52 – 60) The first pair of functional spiracles; (61 – 70) atrophied spiracles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202580/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 54, 59</figureCitation>
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); atrophied spiracles as in
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<figureCitation id="6EE72A0DFF91FFE66852043D0C23FAFE" box="[521,604,1311,1335]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 70" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[257,1311,181,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[256,1312,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 70. Pupa of Bisnius fimentarius (52, 61, 62), Gabrius osseticus (53, 58, 63, 64), Philonthus atratus (54, 59, 65), P. carbonarius (55, 66), P. debilis (56, 60, 68 – 70) and P. d e c o r u s (57, 67). (52 – 60) The first pair of functional spiracles; (61 – 70) atrophied spiracles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202580/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |