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<mods:title id="7D3320EA7192CC9A1B7BE19D38843BAF">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BCC64C22E66EC5319E7803F37D63CAD7">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59CD60CB1D56EFBC4" blockId="124.[151,599,1016,1075]" box="[151,599,1016,1042]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<heading id="D0A681A4FF8AFFC59CD60CB1D56EFBC4" bold="true" box="[151,599,1016,1042]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF8AFFC59CD60CB1D56EFBC4" ID-CoL="467MP" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,599,1016,1042]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Nemertesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosa">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59CD60CB1D56EFBC4" bold="true" box="[151,599,1016,1042]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59CD60CB1D6B8FBC4" bold="true" box="[151,385,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Nemertesia ramosa</emphasis>
(Lamarck, 1816)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59CD60B53D620FBE5" blockId="124.[151,599,1016,1075]" box="[151,281,1050,1075]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFF8AFFC59CD60B53D7DCFBE5" box="[151,229,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 89" captionStartId="125.[151,250,1860,1882]" captionTargetBox="[399,1185,838,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@125.[393,1193,829,1796]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURE 89. Nemertesia ramosa: A, general view of a colony; B, part of stem with hydrocladia and female gonothecae; C, detail of hydrocladium; D, hydrotheca and associated nematothecae; E, gonotheca (C and D same scale bar) (redrawn and modified: A after Medel &amp; Vervoort 1995, B after Millard 1975, C – E after Leloup 1952 by C. G. Di Camillo). Scale bars: A, 10 cm; B, 1.0 mm; C, D, E, 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242818/files/figure.png" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
A–E
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59CD60B2BD443FBAE" blockId="124.[151,890,1122,1144]" box="[151,890,1122,1144]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
See 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8AFFC59C830B2AD555FBAE" box="[194,620,1122,1144]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
for a complete synonymy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8AFFC59CD60BECD2ACFB68" box="[151,1429,1189,1214]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59CD60BECD2ACFB68" blockId="124.[151,1437,1189,2006]" box="[151,1429,1189,1214]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59CD60BECD6B9FB68" bold="true" box="[151,384,1189,1214]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Material examined.</emphasis>
HCUS-S 0 96 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8AFFC49C860B80D691FEB2" lastPageId="125" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59C860B80D3B5FB34" blockId="124.[151,1437,1189,2006]" box="[199,1164,1225,1250]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59C860B80D668FB34" bold="true" box="[199,337,1225,1250]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Description</emphasis>
(after Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8AFFC59EF50B80D45AFB34" author="Cornelius" box="[692,867,1225,1250]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995) NorthWest European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, pt. 1 &amp; 2, 1 - 347 &amp; 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius 1995</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8AFFC59F2E0B80D3B9FB34" author="Medel" box="[879,1152,1225,1250]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearly areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 300, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1995">Medel &amp; Vervoort 1995</bibRefCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59C860BA4D607F928" blockId="124.[151,1437,1189,2006]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59C860BA4D60AFAD0" bold="true" box="[199,307,1261,1286]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Hydroid.</emphasis>
Hydrorhiza as strongly intertwined mat of many ramified tubes; colonies erect, well developed; hydrocauli large, polysiphonic, branched, up to about 
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF8AFFC59EAF0A5BD472FAFF" box="[750,843,1298,1322]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 mm</quantity>
high, one of the tubes of greater diameter, giving rise to hydrocladia in the monosiphonic and weakly polysiphonic parts and divided into internodes by transverse nodes, with hydrocladia-bearing apophyses at nodes, in opposite pairs in younger parts of the axis, in verticils of 
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF8AFFC599060A13D2A5FAA4" box="[1351,1436,1369,1394]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.651" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" unit="in" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 in</quantity>
the older ones, verticils of succeeding pairs alternate, apophyses with a mamelon on the upper surface and several nematothecae (up to 7), coenosarc of main stem in several tubes, perisarc very thick, contrary to the thin perisarc of the hydrocladia; hydrocladia separated into thecate internodes by means of transverse nodes, each with one hydrotheca and 4 nematothecae, one median inferior, 2 lateral ones and one median superior one at the distal part of the segment; hydrothecae small, cup-shaped, entirely adnate, rim even, aperture at right angle with the axis; nematothecae all two-chambered, conical, basal chamber longer than apical one, chamber shorter, with a wide adcauline embayment. Male and female gonothecae similar, ovoid, obliquely truncated distally with a subterminal and oval aperture, narrower basally, with a short pedicel, male gonotheca with large circular, slightly oblique aperture, female gonotheca larger, aperture more or less oval, more oblique than in male gonotheca, both sexes insert on apophyses. Colours: coenosarc yellow-buff; hydrocladia colourless; male gonothecal contents white, female orange.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59C860840D54BF8F4" blockId="124.[151,1437,1189,2006]" box="[199,626,1801,1826]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59C860840D602F8F4" bold="true" box="[199,315,1801,1826]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Cnidome.</emphasis>
Microbasic mastigophores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59C860864D671F8BC" blockId="124.[151,1437,1189,2006]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59C860864D65DF890" bold="true" box="[199,356,1837,1862]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
Habitat 
<typeStatus id="54EA886AFF8AFFC59D6B0864D666F890" box="[298,351,1837,1862]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">type</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Muddy and sandy bottoms, it has been found from 5 to about 
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depth (Gili 1986; Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8AFFC59C86083CD663F800" blockId="124.[151,1437,1189,2006]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC59C86083CD678F858" bold="true" box="[199,321,1909,1934]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Substrate.</emphasis>
Coralline shoals, hydroids, carapace of 
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF8AFFC59F6D083CD4A5F858" box="[812,924,1909,1934]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Decapoda</taxonomicName>
of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF8AFFC5980F083FD3B9F85B" box="[1102,1152,1910,1933]" class="Malacostraca" family="Epialtidae" genus="Pisa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8AFFC5980F083FD3B9F85B" box="[1102,1152,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Pisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, anthozoans or directly attached in mud or to rocks, shells of bivalves on non-living substrata, both biotic (remains of organism) and abiotic (pebbles).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8BFFC49C860FDED67AFF21" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49C860FDED66DFF66" bold="true" box="[199,340,151,176]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Seasonality.</emphasis>
August–September (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49E0B0FDED407FF66" author="Bianchi" box="[586,830,151,176]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Bianchi, C. N., Ceppodomo, I., Galli, C., Sgorbini, S., Dell'amico, F. &amp; Morri, C. (1993 a) Benthos dei Mari Toscani. I: Livorno- Isola d'Elba (Crociera Enea 1985). In: Ferretti, O., Immordillo, F. &amp; Damiani, V. (Eds.), Archipelago Toscano. Studio oceanografico, sedimentologico, geochimico e biologico. ENEA, Roma, Serie Studi Ambientali, pp. 263 - 290." type="book chapter" year="1993" yearSuffix="a">
Bianchi 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49EEE0FD0D5DCFF66" box="[687,741,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 1993a
</bibRefCitation>
) in the Tyrrhenian Sea; June, July, October–March (Bouillon 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49D480FF4D600FF03" box="[265,313,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2004); January (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49DBD0FF5D546FF02" author="Galea" box="[508,639,188,213]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Galea, H. R. (2007) Hydrozoa, La Ciotat and nearby areas, Mediterranean coast of France. Check List, 3 (3), 193 - 199." type="journal article" year="2007">Galea 2007</bibRefCitation>
) in the western Mediterranean; September (Mastrototaro 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC499410FF4D208FF03" box="[1280,1329,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2010) in Salento waters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8BFFC49C860E4DD691FEB2" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49C860E4DD6FEFECB" bold="true" box="[199,455,260,285]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
January (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49E780E4DD582FECB" author="Roca" box="[569,699,260,285]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
), February (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49F090E4DD4C9FECA" author="Stechow" box="[840,1008,260,285]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow 1919</bibRefCitation>
), July (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC498070E4DD3EDFECB" author="Picard" box="[1094,1236,260,285]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Picard, J. (1955) Nouvelles recherches sur les hydromeduses des Herbiers mediterraneens de Posidonies. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine D'Endoume, 15 (Bulleton 9), 59 - 71." type="journal article" year="1955">Picard 1955</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC498A20E4CD695FE96" author="Pena" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero &amp; García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
), December (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49E090E61D5FEFE96" author="Roca" box="[584,711,295,320]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
) in the western Mediterranean; September (Mastrototaro 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC499200E60D2ACFE96" box="[1377,1429,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2010) in Salento waters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8BFFC49C860E26D6FFFE22" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8BFFC49C860E26D394FE7A" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49C860E26D659FE5E" bold="true" box="[199,352,367,392]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Distribution.</emphasis>
Widely distributed in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean (Ramil &amp; Vervoort 1992; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC499790E26D602FE7B" author="Medel" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearly areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 300, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1995">Medel &amp; Vervoort 1995</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49D070EDDD535FE7A" author="Ramil" box="[326,524,404,429]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Ramil, F., Vervoort, W. &amp; Ansin, J. A. (1998) Report on the Haleciidae and Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected by the French SEAMOUNT 1 Expedition. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 322, 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1998">
Ramil 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49DD30EDCD6F3FE7B" box="[402,458,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49E590EDDD5EEFE7A" author="Schuchert" box="[536,727,404,429]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Schuchert, P. (2001 a) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert 2001a</bibRefCitation>
; Bouillon 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49F0A0EDCD4BAFE7B" box="[843,899,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
2004; Fanelli 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC498640EDCD367FE7B" box="[1061,1118,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
2013).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8BFFC49C860EFED6FFFE22" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49C860EFED68BFE06" bold="true" box="[199,434,439,464]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
Rare at S. Maria di Leuca (Mastrototaro 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49FD30EF0D4FFFE06" box="[914,966,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2010). Other Apulian records: Northern coast (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49C9E0E95D683FE22" author="Marano" box="[223,442,476,501]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Marano, G., Ungaro, N. &amp; Vaccarella, R. (1991) Nota preliminare sulle comunita di macroinvertebrati dei fondi strascicabili dell'Adriatico pugliese. Thalassia Salentina, 19, 3 - 19." type="journal article" year="1991">
Marano 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49D7E0E94D649FE23" box="[319,368,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 1991
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8BFFC49C860EB6D22AFDEA" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8BFFC49C860EB6D22AFDEA" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49C860EB6D602FDCE" bold="true" box="[199,315,511,536]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Remarks.</emphasis>
Juvenile 
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF8BFFC49DE40D48D546FDCE" box="[421,639,513,536]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Nemertesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosa">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49DE40D48D546FDCE" box="[421,639,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Nemertesia ramosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF8BFFC49EBD0D48D4B5FDCE" box="[764,908,513,536]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Nemertesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49EBD0D48D4B5FDCE" box="[764,908,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">N. norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with which it may have been confounded quite often; indeed, their microscopical structure is also very similar (for more details see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC498060D6DD23EFDEA" author="Schuchert" box="[1095,1287,548,573]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Schuchert, P. (2001 a) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert 2001a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF8BFFC49C860D0ED27EFD26" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF8BFFC49C860D0ED27EFD26" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC49C860D0ED669FDB6" bold="true" box="[199,336,583,608]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">References.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49D180D01D6C8FDB6" author="Carus" box="[345,497,584,608]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Carus, J. V. (1884) Prodromus faunae mediterraneae sive descriptiones animalium Mare Mediterranei incolarum quam comparata silva rerum quatenus innotuit adiectis locis et nominibus vulgaribus eorumque auctoribus in commodum zoologorum. Pars I. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 524 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11523" type="book" year="1884">Carus (1884)</bibRefCitation>
, 
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, 
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, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49FC50D0ED303FDB6" author="Stechow" box="[900,1082,583,608]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow (1919)</bibRefCitation>
, 
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, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49CD60D25D67DFD53" author="Picard" box="[151,324,620,645]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Picard, J. (1958 a) Origines et affinites de la faune d'hydropolypes (Gymnoblastes et Calyptoblastes) et d'hydromeduses (Anthomeduses et Leptomeduses) de la Mediterranee. Rapports et proces verbaux des Reunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee Monaco, 14, 187 - 199." type="journal article" year="1958" yearSuffix="a">Picard (1958a)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49E170D25D412FD52" author="Carrascosa" box="[598,811,620,644]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Garcia-Carrascosa, A. M. (1981) Hidrozoos tecados (Hydrozoa Calyptoblastea) del litoral mediterraneo espanol: faunistica, ecologia, bionomia bentonica y biogeografia. Tesis Doctoral Universidad Valencia, 464 pp." type="book" year="1981">Carrascosa (1981)</bibRefCitation>
, 
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García-Carrascosa 
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(1987)
</bibRefCitation>
as 
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF8BFFC499C30D24D7C9FD7E" ID-CoL="76JN9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC499C30D24D7C9FD7E" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">N. disticha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49D430DC6D6A6FD7E" author="Ramil" box="[258,415,655,680]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Ramil Blanco, F. J. (1988) Hidrozoos de Galicia. Memoria que, para optar al Grado de Doctor en Biologia, presenta D. Francisco Ramil Blanco. Facultad de Biologia, Universidad de Santiago. Santiago de Compostela, 525 pp." type="book" year="1988">Ramil (1988)</bibRefCitation>
, 
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, 
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Piraino 
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Ansín Agís 
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, Bouillon 
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(2004), 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF8BFFC49F3C0D9ED32AFD26" author="Galea" box="[893,1043,727,752]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" refString="Galea, H. R. (2007) Hydrozoa, La Ciotat and nearby areas, Mediterranean coast of France. Check List, 3 (3), 193 - 199." type="journal article" year="2007">Galea (2007)</bibRefCitation>
, Mastrototaro 
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF8BFFC498F70D90D3D7FD26" box="[1206,1262,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">et al.</emphasis>
(2010).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>