270 lines
33 KiB
XML
270 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.100804" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2-221" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7EB2FB6659E4538C811B62C9D8009E3D" ID-ZooBank="2824CBF6C72A4397B944262D324AF5D6" ModsDocID="1860-1324-70-2-221" checkinTime="1689044411682" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hemp, Claudia, Montealegre-Z, Fernando, Woodrow, Charlie & Heller, Klaus-Gerhard" docDate="2023" docId="54C59C82EF865B80A80E4008B9E5851A" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 70(2): 221-259" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 70 (2)" docPubDate="2023-07-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.100804" docTitle="Dioncomena versicolor Hemp 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9A696474-1FB6-4318-8412-94A41C74F076" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="7EB2FB6659E4538C811B62C9D8009E3D" lastPageNumber="221" masterDocId="7EB2FB6659E4538C811B62C9D8009E3D" masterDocTitle="Bush-crickets with very special ears and songs - review of the East African Phaneropterinae genus Dioncomena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, with notes on its biogeography and the description of new species" masterLastPageNumber="259" masterPageNumber="221" pageNumber="221" updateTime="1689044411682" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="779D3E91B56558DC5739E871C278190A">Bush-crickets with very special ears and songs - review of the East African Phaneropterinae genus Dioncomena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, with notes on its biogeography and the description of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9EE881D59C965FF1383B1D03A6183460">Hemp, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D9D861BCCE68E29FFF2B4F5E9F0830AB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-7113</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="00007D09172B570984322AEE471082C1">University of Bayreuth, Department Plant Systematics & Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center, Frankfurt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2DF6AFA3374B1D042F376AE3BA0ED7D7" type="email">claudiahemp@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CDD181626B5C262C39BDFE36088CE21E">Montealegre-Z, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="397E3DF4800F1973F7BF6090D539A9BB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5186-2186</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E9DD0C59BADB7D89EEAA0D557128546">University of Lincoln, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3D2E5EFB274B82AA9A50EB47A958A4B8">Woodrow, Charlie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="503092E0A627BCEE9683BB51C4D3BBA7">University of Lincoln, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="924C4077E0455A22AF1527440C3FBB04">Heller, Klaus-Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B62CDD0B83EFBEE5BC2937BD778E6D3A" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3331-3228</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="277B3B33D30659A2DA97C4347184B899">Triesdorf Bahnhof 8, 91732 Merkendorf, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="27D4FA081ACF6057ED363A2B2420EAD5">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AD9B7079B98784837B97083E5B4FC8A8">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BC8DE33229EFE605A2608CDD602196F9">2023-07-10</mods:number>
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<treatment id="54C59C82EF865B80A80E4008B9E5851A" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9A696474-1FB6-4318-8412-94A41C74F076" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54C59C82EF865B80A80E4008B9E5851A" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<subSubSection id="0B60C46C88168B4BC23E0DD25508EB87" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1AC3D79EEB57EBB17B03EA5082526737" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<taxonomicName id="EC9A2699A3771500676E8F496EB354DA" LSID="https://zoobank.org/9A696474-1FB6-4318-8412-94A41C74F076" authority="Hemp" authorityName="Hemp" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="versicolor" status="sp. nov.">Dioncomena versicolor Hemp</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3D4DAAEB2165874620A2445131E5D36" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="07BA1712D6D289B4B9BBFEF6AE1258BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BBEF1B203D226AFC13E3A297B034358A" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<figureCitation id="AD7332FD8481981DEA48332A4B4A5976" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Stridulatory files of Dioncomena species, tegmen articulation to the right. A-E. D. jagoi - group: A. D. jagoi; B. D. flavoviridis sp. nov.; C. D. magombera sp. nov.; D. D. sanje sp. nov.; E. D. grandis (from Naskrecki and Guta 2019); F. D. ornata (Nguru Mts.); G. D. zernyi; H. D. tanneri; I. D. versicolor sp. nov.; J. D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871454" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Figs 2I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A62071FB24D7CBE6BB5222A48F94FB7B" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Morphological details of male Dioncomena species A-C. D. versicolor sp. nov., semilateral view on apex (A, B) and subgenital plate (C) Dorsal view on apex of D. tanneri (D), apex (E) and subgenital plate (F) of D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871465" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 13A-C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="C5F6E2088580BCCEE20842BBF3A3E3B8" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 15A, B, D, E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B7A55406A5EBE4353EE68373233C127A" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Dioncomena species. Overview (150 - s-sections)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871471" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 19</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="EE128787B953637E62D1DC3082A52755" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Dioncomena species. Central portion of main part of song; 20 - s-sections." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871473" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 21</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D68E3533C795240F1EEED3CF2AF67742" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Oscillograms of male tick songs of Dioncomena species. A-C. D. flavoviridis; A, B. ticks; C. alternating males; D. D. jagoi; E. D. grandis (from Naskrecki and Guta 2019); F, G. D. magombera sp. nov.; H, I. D. sanje sp. nov.; J-L. D. ornata; M. D. zernyi; N. D. tanneri; O. D. versicolor sp. nov.; P. D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871475" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 22O</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B20C0251659707873ABCED6B602D3B47" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Dioncomena species. Detail (3 - s-sections). A. D. jagoi; B-D. D. magombera sp. nov.; E, F. D. zernyi; G, H. D. tanneri; I, J. D. versicolor sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871481" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 26I, J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="17FC6F3C9438580A8C4C1E313E30EB11" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Power spectra of the male calling songs of the Dioncomena species studied. Asteriks in the respective color mark the positions of the analysed sounds, for D. flavoviridis sp. nov. in Fig. 23, for D. jagoi in Fig. 20, for D. magombera sp. nov. in Fig. 25, for D. sanje sp. nov. see Figs 26, 29 (dense combination: blue and violett, high frequency syllable: green, gappy combination: red), for D. ornata in Fig. 27, for D. zernyi in Fig. 25 E (song), Fig. 21 M (ticks), for D. tanneri in Fig. 25, for D. versicolor sp. nov. in Fig. 25, for D. ngurumontana sp. nov. in Fig. 23." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871485" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 30</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="09B781D8F31309BD969DD3E01C130C41" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Distribution of Dioncomena species in East Africa. Locality data this paper, Ragge 1980; Hemp 2017; Massa 2021; Naskrecki and Guta 2019. Source: Google maps." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871491" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 36</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9CB44451A95A7C382799EF0EF4A5C66" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="1E6E2F5E1F27F861BE66467FCAAD40DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2F33FCFF56E7D1BD26DE7786F68D517" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis id="D019C3D3ADE5F4E5FCDBC38DC83AC4E5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Holotype</emphasis>
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male. Tanzania, Uluguru Mountains, montane forest above Morningside,
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<geoCoordinate id="E32209C312A6D75DF7C690D19FB2F637" degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-6.896111">6°53'46"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="31E2CF58B4565BD7DA7B7A14AF44AC71" degrees="37" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="14" value="37.670555">37°40'14"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1600 m, February 2016.
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<emphasis id="80A0EC05A67B723657D8FCC24EDE652A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis id="F9F0380E9E1ED8BC9BB9516E3544412E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Paratypes</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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2♂♂, 2♀♀, same locality as holotype and February 2017 and March 2020. Depository: CCH.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2B475D7F08F9BCBE2FB0FB6F2A5773D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="description">
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<paragraph id="560EF30B88F21C6FD674FB6C17D5B735" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5BEA805558CC3431EB3F3E67197840AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis id="6A2AC01B61CA1319EAB1298C1686703F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Male.</emphasis>
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General habitus and color pattern. Small for
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<taxonomicName id="85B609A2F9E6B6AB04A056D0BF4B807B" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0ACF4F976A4648B65D82FA28CE6F6BD2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Dioncomena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but with a typical habitus for the genus and a striking color pattern. Head and pronotum blue with black lines or stipes. The pronotum has a green median part bordered by red-brown fasciae, with a longitudinal black stripe in the midline of the pronotal lobes, and the remaining part of the lateral lobes is blue. The abdomen has a yellow broad fascia on the lateral sides, bordered by black fascia, and a median black fascia on the tergites, with a blue venter. The legs are predominantly black, with the hind
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<normalizedToken id="5B1D32FBBB91B12D24734EA2BA09F60F" originalValue="femora’s">femora's</normalizedToken>
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basal parts in red-brown (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="F01CCFD41B2C414545DDC3AAA51C9170" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">15A</figureCitation>
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). Head & antennae. The fastigium of the vertex is compressed, narrower than the scapus, and sulcate above, typical for the genus. Thorax & legs. The posterior part of the lateral lobes is not markedly inflated. The fore coxa lacks a spine, only a blunt knob is present. The fore, mid, and hind femora have only a few very tiny spinules ventrally in the apical area. The fore tibia has a ventral double row of irregularly set small spinules and a pair of short ventral spurs. The mid tibiae have a ventral double row of black spinules, with the apical
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<normalizedToken id="9B2AE646FB6613DB6B1C3D7787BB685F" originalValue="part’s">part's</normalizedToken>
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spinules only slightly hooked. Tegmina & wings. The tegmina and wings are black with an elongated blue field at the base (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="7B9DC57B50286DD039B542E1C2FF9FFE" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">15A</figureCitation>
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). The stridulatory file on the underside of the left tegmen is about 1 mm or less long, with around 54-55 teeth. The teeth are densely set along the length, with the apically teeth getting smaller and more widely set. The file is slightly downcurved in its apical part (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A2DE03821AC38FCB97F98B800F98EACC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Stridulatory files of Dioncomena species, tegmen articulation to the right. A-E. D. jagoi - group: A. D. jagoi; B. D. flavoviridis sp. nov.; C. D. magombera sp. nov.; D. D. sanje sp. nov.; E. D. grandis (from Naskrecki and Guta 2019); F. D. ornata (Nguru Mts.); G. D. zernyi; H. D. tanneri; I. D. versicolor sp. nov.; J. D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871454" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">2I</figureCitation>
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). Abdomen. The tenth abdominal tergite is black and incurved at the posterior margin (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A9AC374F6FE305D262D853737B741EA4" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Morphological details of male Dioncomena species A-C. D. versicolor sp. nov., semilateral view on apex (A, B) and subgenital plate (C) Dorsal view on apex of D. tanneri (D), apex (E) and subgenital plate (F) of D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871465" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">13A, B</figureCitation>
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). The cerci are laterally flattened, especially at the apex, green with a black tip (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="0AB875A274408A4B7249662B198D8A44" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Morphological details of male Dioncomena species A-C. D. versicolor sp. nov., semilateral view on apex (A, B) and subgenital plate (C) Dorsal view on apex of D. tanneri (D), apex (E) and subgenital plate (F) of D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871465" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">13A-C</figureCitation>
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). The subgenital plate is longer than wide, u-shaped incurved medially (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="62D3303BBA9521CEE2EEE03448C851DF" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Morphological details of male Dioncomena species A-C. D. versicolor sp. nov., semilateral view on apex (A, B) and subgenital plate (C) Dorsal view on apex of D. tanneri (D), apex (E) and subgenital plate (F) of D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871465" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">13C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4A89773A01439B27BDB6F6D70B942A32" doi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
|
||
<paragraph id="98C7F087DE85AF33EBF3FA5CBF65378E" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CB84FC98B3D1E5DB346E6049E71C167" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus of male (
|
||
<emphasis id="F598FE1AFC45C6B4911043C9012A2AA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
|
||
) and female (
|
||
<emphasis id="A0F5ABED8201C0F3C34FE1A5661DD0AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01D7EEB248196B24F0BAA39F3C0BFEA3" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="56B0A2D4829F49EC8F0C2CE2621533CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and male (
|
||
<emphasis id="044B26232FB15E96F03F3837F81F808E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
|
||
) and female (
|
||
<emphasis id="34FC24339B0785226E7344C93CF4CFDF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D8B2556E51D8114D159FA6F0A3770E2A" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC08C48D8DB13F26424F25AEFEA1006A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Morphological details of female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EAE422F940409E1E04F82C1CC2D71039" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4007A8CAF846F63FB994D1BD37FDE37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., subgenital plate (
|
||
<emphasis id="38011294014BBE22584B3E59F34FA7FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">E</emphasis>
|
||
) and ovipositor (
|
||
<emphasis id="8503705CD37E006933217FE0B7E29805" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">F</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E80C53B5483069037C70CE117296B73" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis id="019AC13692ADA64D57A3F48ADD7FB6A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
The female has a similar habitus to the male but lacks the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="211C9B7146B5C68CA9D238B260F6DB51" originalValue="male’s">male's</normalizedToken>
|
||
colorful pattern, with mostly brown-red and green colors. The head, pronotum, tegmina, and body lack the blue parts present in males, and the tegmina are brown rather than black (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EE0E8091FF282AB6D1944D936C69FB7" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">15B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ovipositor is small and upcurved (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6159198753D4AE70C9AC22A1DBB81331" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">15F</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the subgenital plate is small, triangular, with an evenly curved posterior margin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="268C38CA3A43057B03926C89028529B6" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">15E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A894F3CC8ABCA2872D8CC8EBE10C32A" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Measurements, (mm) males (n = 3). Body length 10.4-11.5. Length of pronotum 3.1-3.3. Length of tegmina 18.5-19. Length of hind femur 15.5-16.0.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="171D5FBF18B2DD26FE642716C1837968" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Measurements, (mm) females (n = 2). Body length 11.5-13.5. Length of pronotum 2.8-3.0. Length of tegmina 17.7-18.0. Length of hind femur 16.1-16.2. Ovipositor 4.5-4.6.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99A29D87166C973ED16189A3D00591C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph id="1F1FE167460BE60A51EF169D7ACB81C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3AB007A3033FCD8F3A2AEED831D2F0EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
|
||
Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A2BA354BAD5B5F84F71398736D20B69A" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. ngurumontana" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="ngurumontana">
|
||
<emphasis id="86555783E2D7DA2E04CCC4C515F1DE57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. ngurumontana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0954177640A213702176174F692F6CE7" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="89B822ABE2806B71E2C211F7C22B1547" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species likely has only one generation per year, which is an adaptation to the cooler temperatures found in montane elevations. Adult specimens were only collected twice, in February 2016 and March 2020. During all other months when the forest was visited (March, April, June, August, November 2016, February, November 2017, April 2019, October 2020), no adult specimens were observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="77759398F465B545CB18EF4925DB4FB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="6FAA691F9030CD8957E8A695384CE2AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B999D4CD9BBBE9711A1FEEFA2DD7D6A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">This species can be found in montane forests (1800-2100 m) along open paths and clearings in the Uluguru Mountains of Tanzania.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6B8A3AABD870EC1C18985FD1889F5C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="song">
|
||
<paragraph id="0133924682923145D8955F0DD11C1C0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Song.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4C2C5BA61EE7D2897A4CAF26A59E4832" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">See Bioacoustics.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="27730D56D7C1DC077899C62AEA881121" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="3E917E909D8A29F298142A94D6A2FE32" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F77CBFD4222E25E956889772FC5E7CE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
|
||
Named for its distinct and colorful pattern, as reflected in its Latin name,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F4D66E59036DF6F84F4B622505E84D8" authorityName="Hemp" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="E939F7750697A23649D4CFD7A584D480" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Dioncomena versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which means variegated or colorful.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="25C913CFF5077D3D42DC47D6E0B58EDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="A9B4FE60696606A0598CFF5C36C0A622" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9C384BF43D5E869DBD0765FC079A045F" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7724FB96D1F5E00CC7B2DE15785D5D47" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="8207F9F43362B3F5CE12B6307C9859B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AB943F1B8E1772AB1C71C5B68344D7E7" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. ngurumontana" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="ngurumontana">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEE35C4DB09CB50E8C07C5B92107F6BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. ngurumontana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. are similar in morphology, but can be differentiated by the number of teeth on the male stridulatory files (over 50 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE1432E19B1BED96B3CDFF74C3F16192" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="275D3B25510F40632B531F96832A1BE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and 32 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B059B6E8CAE73994CE6B80C17C60543" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. ngurumontana" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="ngurumontana">
|
||
<emphasis id="5D2F31607AC13DCADD7044C59653FBF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. ngurumontana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.) and overall color pattern, which is a stable character in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5DD060F627BE0A8621E23A71F28988F" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AA47941AE602891BCD0781CD2755260" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Dioncomena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species are the sister group to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2D0AEAF2E400DA1D6C64DB755B05FD37" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA78FE7638A302DE3D2B66CB62B7CD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, endemic to the Usambara Mountains (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FDB6AE82BC48E764D5A584D00D9E4CBF" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">15C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AFC2D26E3071099D6292992918F28B49" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="6028081270E0A97EE83669DA3EDD3C9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a compact stridulatory file with about 35 teeth, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A70CFD01BF946E13E2CBD3E22598744" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. ngurumontana" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="ngurumontana">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AAB943CF62B600D06FA4EAC511C16D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. ngurumontana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. All three lack a median dark stripe on the pronotum, but have a blue (males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CAF7324057DBE9D8B44EA84EC8DD3E9" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B9B3A92D8B883072C9C19CE1B0A61AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5D5107B79BF0857FDC46C7B8BF3B00A" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. ngurumontana" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="ngurumontana">
|
||
<emphasis id="48CCC048C1D17224ADD750D166F8F088" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. ngurumontana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.) or green (females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C37E0A6E0A8866D742C0FB8A75BD9CF3" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. versicolor" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="FE51442BA8EFDB3064C1DD19E42467B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E37E5E537B0CA05A649036DB70C63E4" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="AEEC0B2EE68002A9F663D70D639A3493" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) colored medial area bordered by brownish fasciae mottled or bordered with white or black areas, while the rest of the pronotum is green, blue, yellow, or hazel (see Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="358259F3CFA9615849492E3D2E162AEE" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Dioncomena ngurumontana sp. nov. A, B. Male; C, D. Female; E, F. Morphological details of female D. ngurumontana sp. nov., ovipositor (E) and subgenital plate (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871464" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="17350AE1011DC5C20A41669A6511608B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">15</figureCitation>
|
||
). The tenth abdominal tergite and male cerci are similar in all three species (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="735904E2B15806F4A43650CC5982C64A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Morphological details of male Dioncomena species A-C. D. versicolor sp. nov., semilateral view on apex (A, B) and subgenital plate (C) Dorsal view on apex of D. tanneri (D), apex (E) and subgenital plate (F) of D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871465" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">13</figureCitation>
|
||
). See key for differentiation from other species. For song descriptions see Bioacoustics section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |