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<mods:title id="9EFBB3F42F7D7F5C01CF97868E3CE1F3">Three new intertidal sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Brazil’s fringing urban reefs (Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil), and support for Rhabderemia’s exclusion from Poecilosclerida</mods:title>
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035 
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29.44 
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W
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), 
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(
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), intertidal, coll. 
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, VR Cedro and 
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. Schyzoholotype, 
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– 
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.
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, 
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035 
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), 
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(
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, 
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, intertidal, coll. 
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, 
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.
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<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CED0FC8CFE68FCDB" box="[211,451,796,820]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Comparative material</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CED0FCD4FCA5FCB4" authority="van Soest, 1984" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1984" box="[211,782,835,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="americana" subGenus="Aegogropila">
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(
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4074, 
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). 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CA31FCD4FDDFFC94" authority="Hajdu and Rutzler, 1998" authorityName="Hajdu and Rutzler" authorityYear="1998" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carmigropila" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CA31FCD4FEF4FC94" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">M. (A.) carmigropila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9606FFD3CF67FCF3FDDFFC94" author="Hajdu E &amp; Rutzler K" box="[356,628,867,891]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" pagination="737 - 773" refId="ref8435" refString="Hajdu E, Rutzler K. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 111: 737 - 773." type="journal article" year="1998">Hajdu and Rützler, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="8797AE699606FFD3CC82FCF3FD79FC94" box="[641,722,867,891]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">MNRJ</collectionCode>
15602, 15679, 
<collectingRegion id="2342F84E9606FFD3CD76FCF4FBB7FC94" box="[885,1052,867,891]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="9991763C9606FFD3CA26FCF4FB2AFC94" box="[1061,1153,868,891]" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Panama</collectingCountry>
– det. E. Hajdu). 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CF7DFC14FC96FC74" authority="Hajdu and Rutzler, 1998" authorityName="Hajdu and Rutzler" authorityYear="1998" box="[382,829,899,923]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CF7DFC14FD8CFC74" box="[382,551,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">M. (A.) citrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9606FFD3CC2FFC13FC96FC74" author="Hajdu E &amp; Rutzler K" box="[556,829,899,923]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" pagination="737 - 773" refId="ref8435" refString="Hajdu E, Rutzler K. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 111: 737 - 773." type="journal article" year="1998">Hajdu and Rützler, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="8797AE699606FFD3CD49FC13FC30FC74" box="[842,923,899,923]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">MNRJ</collectionCode>
635, schyzoholotype). 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CED0FC34FD17FC54" authority="Carballo and Hajdu, 1998" authorityName="Carballo and Hajdu" authorityYear="1998" box="[211,700,931,955]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lilianae" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CED0FC34FE21FC54" box="[211,394,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">M. (A.) lilianae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9606FFD3CF91FC33FD17FC54" author="Carballo JL &amp; Hajdu E" box="[402,700,931,955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" pagination="187 - 195" refId="ref7737" refString="Carballo JL, Hajdu E. 1998. Micromorphology in Mycale taxonomy (Mycalidae, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae), with the description of two new micracanthoxea-bearing species. Contrib Zool. 67: 187 - 195." type="journal article" year="1998">Carballo and Hajdu, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="8797AE699606FFD3CCCFFC33FCB6FC54" box="[716,797,931,955]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">MNRJ</collectionCode>
381, 
<typeStatus id="3E3D880E9606FFD3CD5FFC33FC68FC54" box="[860,963,931,955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; formerly 
<collectionCode id="8797AE699606FFD3CA34FC33FB38FC54" box="[1079,1171,931,955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">DZUSP</collectionCode>
381).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A99C65279606FFD3CED0FBB0FDE7FB70" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9606FFD3CED0FBB0FE94FBD8" blockId="16.[211,1172,1056,1183]" box="[211,319,1056,1079]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">
<heading id="BA7181C09606FFD3CED0FBB0FE94FBD8" box="[211,319,1056,1079]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CED0FBB0FE94FBD8" box="[211,319,1056,1079]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9606FFD3CED0FBD7FDE7FB70" blockId="16.[211,1172,1056,1183]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CED0FBD7FEC3FBB0" authority="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia, 2013" authorityName="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia" authorityYear="2013" box="[211,360,1095,1119]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CED0FBD7FEC3FBB0" box="[211,360,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Mycale rubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8C157C59606FFD3CF6EFBD8FE6AFBB0" box="[365,449,1096,1119]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the only Tropical Western Atlantic 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CD60FBD7FBF0FBB0" authority="" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[867,1115,1095,1119]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CD60FBD7FBF0FBB0" box="[867,1115,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Mycale (Aegogropila)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with three categories of anisochelae, category two being 25–40 µm long, one of sigmas, two of toxas and no micracanthoxeas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A99C65279606FFD1CED0FB74FC63FDF1" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="2167" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" type="description">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9606FFD3CED0FB74FEF9FB14" blockId="16.[211,1172,1252,1475]" box="[211,338,1252,1275]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">
<heading id="BA7181C09606FFD3CED0FB74FEF9FB14" box="[211,338,1252,1275]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CED0FB74FEF9FB14" box="[211,338,1252,1275]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9606FFD3CED0FA9BFDEEFA2C" blockId="16.[211,1172,1252,1475]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">
Thinly encrusting fragile sponge, mostly 
<quantity id="267E9B499606FFD3CC9BFA9BFD59FACC" box="[664,754,1291,1315]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
thick, 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CD3CFA9CFCE0FACC" box="[831,843,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">c</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="267E9B499606FFD3CD54FA9BFC26FACC" box="[855,909,1291,1315]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
at its greatest diameter, surface smooth, with vein-like system of dermal canals (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299606FFD3CD55FABBFC62FAAC" box="[854,969,1323,1347]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[143,210,1602,1624]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,161,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[145,1102,161,1569]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. In situ photographs of the new species described in this study. (A) Plakina coerulea sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 14295 at Piscina dos Amores); (B) Rhabderemia meirimensis sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 14275 at Ponta do Meirim); (C) Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (paratype, MNRJ 14050 at Praia do Francês). Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197510/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Figure 2C</figureCitation>
). Regular surface reticulation present, visible to the naked eye, albeit not as conspicuously so as in other co-occurring red sciophilous crustose 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CC7CFAFBFD79FA6C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[639,722,1387,1411]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CC7CFAFBFD79FA6C" box="[639,722,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Mycale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CD3AFAFCFEA3FA4C" authority="Hajdu et al. 1995" authorityName="Hajdu" authorityYear="1995" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="escarlatei" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CD3AFAFCFBAEFA6C" box="[825,1029,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">M. (A.) escarlatei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9606FFD3CA0EFAFBFEA3FA4C" author="Hajdu E &amp; Zea S &amp; Kielman M &amp; Peixinho S" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref8514" refString="Hajdu E, Zea S, Kielman M, Peixinho S. 1995. Mycale escarlatei n. sp. and Mycale unguifera n. sp. (Demospongiae) from the Tropical-Western Atlantic. Beaufortia. 45: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1995">Hajdu et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CF40FA1CFCCAFA4C" authority="van Soest, 1984" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1984" box="[323,865,1419,1443]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="diversisigmata" subGenus="Naviculina">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CF40FA1CFD08FA4C" box="[323,675,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">M. (Naviculina) diversisigmata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9606FFD3CCA8FA1CFCCAFA4C" author="van Soest RWM" box="[683,865,1419,1443]" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" pagination="1 - 163" refId="ref9670" refString="van Soest RWM. 1984. Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part III. Poecilosclerida. Stud Fauna Curacao Caribb Isl. 62: 1 - 163." type="journal article" year="1984">van Soest, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Colour 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CDC6FA1CFBA1FA4C" box="[965,1034,1420,1443]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">in situ</emphasis>
orange-red, beige in ethanol. No oscula seen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9606FFD1CED0FA7BFD44FF30" blockId="16.[211,1172,1514,1698]" lastBlockId="18.[211,1171,167,223]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="2167" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CED0FA7BFE91F9EC" box="[211,314,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Ectosomal architecture from neatly reticulated 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CD85FA7BFBA0F9EC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[902,1035,1515,1539]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CD85FA7BFBA0F9EC" box="[902,1035,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Aegogropila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pattern to undifferentiated 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9606FFD3CF95F99BFE41F9CC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[406,490,1547,1571]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Carmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9606FFD3CF95F99BFE41F9CC" box="[406,490,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Carmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like arrangement of scattered spicules at various angles (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299606FFD3CEDFF9BAFEE5F9AD" box="[220,334,1578,1602]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="17.[143,210,1530,1552]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,162,1497]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[145,1102,162,1497]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 5. Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Tangential section of ectosomal skeleton; (B, C) detail of ectosome showing abundant microscleres (a1, anisochelae–I; a2, anisochelae–II; a3, anisochelae–III; r, rosette; s1, sigmas–I; s2, sigmas–II; t, toxas). Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197801/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Figure 5A</figureCitation>
), originating from the terminal brushes of the main skeletal tracts. Rosettes of anisochelae I seen here and there in ectosome. Both the latter and the sigmas appear more attached to the reticulation than free in interstices, where anisochelae II and III, as well as toxas, abound (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299606FFD3CFEAF91AFDDCF94D" box="[489,631,1674,1698]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="17.[143,210,1530,1552]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,162,1497]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[145,1102,162,1497]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 5. Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Tangential section of ectosomal skeleton; (B, C) detail of ectosome showing abundant microscleres (a1, anisochelae–I; a2, anisochelae–II; a3, anisochelae–III; r, rosette; s1, sigmas–I; s2, sigmas–II; t, toxas). Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197801/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="2165">Figure 5B, C</figureCitation>
). Choanosomal architecture (plumo)reticulated, consisting of ascending, variously interconnected paucispicular tracts of mycalostyles ending in terminal brushes in subdermal region.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5F966249607FFD2CE8CFA6AFDF0F987" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5197801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197801/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="2166" startId="17.[143,210,1530,1552]" targetBox="[145,1102,162,1497]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9607FFD2CE8CFA6AFDF0F987" blockId="17.[143,1103,1530,1640]" pageId="17" pageNumber="2166">
Figure 5. 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9607FFD2CEFAFA6BFDB1F9FE" authority="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia, 2013" authorityName="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia" authorityYear="2013" box="[249,538,1531,1553]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="17" pageNumber="2166" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9607FFD2CEFAFA6BFDB1F9FE" box="[249,538,1531,1553]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="2166">Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8C157C59607FFD2CC21FA6BFDDBF9FF" box="[546,624,1531,1552]" pageId="17" pageNumber="2166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Tangential section of ectosomal skeleton; (B, C) detail of ectosome showing abundant microscleres (a1, anisochelae–I; a2, anisochelae–II; a3, anisochelae–III; r, rosette; s1, sigmas–I; s2, sigmas–II; t, toxas). Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, C, 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FE97FC63FDF1" blockId="18.[211,1172,263,542]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CED0FE97FE0FFEF0" box="[211,420,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
Spicules (
<tableCitation id="AC0403179604FFD1CF43FE97FE30FEF0" box="[320,411,263,287]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="19.[58,113,476,498]" captionText="Table 3. Comparative micrometric, live-colour and geographic distribution data for species of Mycale (Aegogropila) known from the Tropical Western Atlantic. Values are expressed in micrometres." pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Table 3</tableCitation>
)
</emphasis>
. Megascleres. Mycalostyles, straight, slender, with rather discreet heads (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299604FFD1CF21FEB7FE18FED0" box="[290,435,295,319]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1377,1399]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-5@21.[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Mycalostyle; (B) detail of mycalostyle base; (C) anisochelae I in oblique side view (top) and oblique face view (bottom); (D) anisochelae II (left, face view; middle, face view of young spicule; right, face view); (E) anisochelae III (side view); (F) sigma; (G) toxa I (both halves slightly overlaid); (H) toxa II. Scale bars: A, C–H, 20 µm; B, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197803/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Figure 6A, B</figureCitation>
). Length 194– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CC57FEB7FD3BFED0" box="[596,656,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">239.6</emphasis>
–249 µm, width 2.4– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CD76FEB7FC3CFED0" box="[885,919,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">3.1</emphasis>
–6.1 µm. Microscleres. Anisochelae I, head height nearly 60% of the whole spicule length, face view width nearly 40% of total length (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299604FFD1CC0FFEF7FDD5FE90" box="[524,638,359,383]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1377,1399]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-5@21.[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Mycalostyle; (B) detail of mycalostyle base; (C) anisochelae I in oblique side view (top) and oblique face view (bottom); (D) anisochelae II (left, face view; middle, face view of young spicule; right, face view); (E) anisochelae III (side view); (F) sigma; (G) toxa I (both halves slightly overlaid); (H) toxa II. Scale bars: A, C–H, 20 µm; B, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197803/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Figure 6C</figureCitation>
). Height 44– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CD10FEF7FC9EFE90" box="[787,821,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">48.</emphasis>
6–55 µm. Anisochelae II, head height also nearly 60% whole spicule length, and face view width nearly 30% of the total length (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299604FFD1CF65FE36FE70FE51" box="[358,475,422,446]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1377,1399]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-5@21.[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Mycalostyle; (B) detail of mycalostyle base; (C) anisochelae I in oblique side view (top) and oblique face view (bottom); (D) anisochelae II (left, face view; middle, face view of young spicule; right, face view); (E) anisochelae III (side view); (F) sigma; (G) toxa I (both halves slightly overlaid); (H) toxa II. Scale bars: A, C–H, 20 µm; B, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197803/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Figure 6D</figureCitation>
). Height 14– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CC6CFE37FD35FE50" box="[623,670,423,447]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">15.2</emphasis>
–17 µm. Anisochelae III, head height nearly 50% of whole spicule length (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299604FFD1CC16FE56FD2FFE31" box="[533,644,454,478]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1377,1399]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-5@21.[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Mycalostyle; (B) detail of mycalostyle base; (C) anisochelae I in oblique side view (top) and oblique face view (bottom); (D) anisochelae II (left, face view; middle, face view of young spicule; right, face view); (E) anisochelae III (side view); (F) sigma; (G) toxa I (both halves slightly overlaid); (H) toxa II. Scale bars: A, C–H, 20 µm; B, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197803/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Figure 6E</figureCitation>
). Height 11.5– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CD2BFE57FCFCFE30" box="[808,855,455,479]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">12.6</emphasis>
–14 µm. Sigmas, single stout category, s-shaped (
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299604FFD1CFB3FE76FD8AFE11" box="[432,545,486,510]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1377,1399]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-5@21.[145,1102,167,1344]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra sp. nov. (holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Mycalostyle; (B) detail of mycalostyle base; (C) anisochelae I in oblique side view (top) and oblique face view (bottom); (D) anisochelae II (left, face view; middle, face view of young spicule; right, face view); (E) anisochelae III (side view); (F) sigma; (G) toxa I (both halves slightly overlaid); (H) toxa II. Scale bars: A, C–H, 20 µm; B, 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197803/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Figure 6F</figureCitation>
). Length 92– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CCB4FE77FD4DFE10" box="[695,742,487,511]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">93.1</emphasis>
–97 µm. Toxas I and II, deeply curved three times: I, length 128– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CFF5FD96FD99FDF1" box="[502,562,518,542]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">178.1</emphasis>
–243 µm; II, length 44– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CD38FD96FCC1FDF1" box="[827,874,518,542]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">63.2</emphasis>
–95 µm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A99C65279604FFD1CED0FDF3FC09FD0D" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FDF3FE87FD94" blockId="18.[211,1172,611,738]" box="[211,300,611,635]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
<heading id="BA7181C09604FFD1CED0FDF3FE87FD94" box="[211,300,611,635]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CED0FDF3FE87FD94" box="[211,300,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Ecology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FD1BFC09FD0D" blockId="18.[211,1172,611,738]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
Two specimens were found in our surveys of the sponge fauna of Maceió City’s coastal reefs. They occurred on the underside of a medium-sized coral boulder (
<typeStatus id="3E3D880E9604FFD1CDF6FD3AFBF0FD2D" box="[1013,1115,682,706]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) and lining the shallow depressions underneath a rodolith (
<typeStatus id="3E3D880E9604FFD1CD2EFD5AFC3DFD0D" box="[813,918,714,738]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A99C65279604FFD1CED0FCB7FBEAFC69" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FCB7FEF3FCD0" blockId="18.[211,1171,807,903]" box="[211,344,807,831]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
<heading id="BA7181C09604FFD1CED0FCB7FEF3FCD0" box="[211,344,807,831]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CED0FCB7FEF3FCD0" box="[211,344,807,831]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FCDEFBEAFC69" blockId="18.[211,1171,807,903]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
The species is a provisional Brazilian endemic, so far known only from its 
<typeStatus id="3E3D880E9604FFD1CA09FCDFFB91FC88" box="[1034,1082,847,871]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">type</typeStatus>
locality (intertidal Maceió’s reefs – Riacho Doce, 
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299604FFD1CCA4FCFEFCBCFC69" box="[679,791,878,902]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[143,210,1575,1597]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,886,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-216@3.[145,1102,886,1542]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Map showing South America and Brazil, with Alagoas state in black (upper left), an expanded Alagoas state with Maceió city in black (upper middle), and the collecting localities off Maceió ((A) Piscina dos Amores; (B) Riacho Doce; (C) Ponta do Meirim; (D) Ponta do Prego)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197508/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Figure 1B</figureCitation>
; Ponta Prego, 
<figureCitation id="79BD2A299604FFD1CDBFFCFEFB9AFC69" box="[956,1073,878,902]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[143,210,1575,1597]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,886,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-216@3.[145,1102,886,1542]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Map showing South America and Brazil, with Alagoas state in black (upper left), an expanded Alagoas state with Maceió city in black (upper middle), and the collecting localities off Maceió ((A) Piscina dos Amores; (B) Riacho Doce; (C) Ponta do Meirim; (D) Ponta do Prego)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197508/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Figure 1D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A99C65279604FFD5CED0FC5BFC28FED0" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="2171" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FC5BFE9EFC0C" blockId="18.[211,1172,971,1449]" box="[211,309,971,995]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
<heading id="BA7181C09604FFD1CED0FC5BFE9EFC0C" box="[211,309,971,995]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" reason="5">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CED0FC5BFE9EFC0C" box="[211,309,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FC63FEF0FA46" blockId="18.[211,1172,971,1449]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
There were only six species of 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9604FFD1CC3DFC63FC91FBE4" authority="" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[574,826,1011,1035]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CC3DFC63FC91FBE4" box="[574,826,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Mycale (Aegogropila)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
previously reported from the Tropical western Atlantic (
<tableCitation id="AC0403179604FFD1CC05FB83FDF2FBC4" box="[518,601,1043,1067]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="19.[58,113,476,498]" captionText="Table 3. Comparative micrometric, live-colour and geographic distribution data for species of Mycale (Aegogropila) known from the Tropical Western Atlantic. Values are expressed in micrometres." pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Table 3</tableCitation>
). Only three of these have toxas, namely 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9604FFD1CA37FB84FE7EFBA5" authority="van Soest, 1984" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1984" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arndti" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CA37FB84FEBEFBA4" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">M. (A.) arndti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9604FFD1CF1CFBA3FE7EFBA5" author="van Soest RWM" box="[287,469,1074,1098]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" pagination="1 - 163" refId="ref9670" refString="van Soest RWM. 1984. Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part III. Poecilosclerida. Stud Fauna Curacao Caribb Isl. 62: 1 - 163." type="journal article" year="1984">van Soest, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9604FFD1CFE1FBA4FD19FBA4" box="[482,690,1075,1099]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="escarlatei" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CFE1FBA4FD19FBA4" box="[482,690,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">M. (A.) escarlatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9604FFD1CCECFBA4FC03FBA4" authorityName="Carballo and Hajdu" authorityYear="1998" box="[751,936,1075,1099]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lilianae" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CCECFBA4FC03FBA4" box="[751,936,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">M. (A.) lilianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9604FFD1CDBBFBA3FB38FBA4" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1984" box="[952,1171,1075,1099]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arndti" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CDBBFBA3FB38FBA4" box="[952,1171,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Mycale (A.) arndti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may have four categories of anisochelae and has sigmas in three size categories, which render it quite distinct from the new species. This is further realized by the anisocleistochelae shape of its anisochelae IV (
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9604FFD1CC7EFB02FCD5FB45" author="Hajdu E &amp; Rutzler K" box="[637,894,1170,1194]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" pagination="737 - 773" refId="ref8435" refString="Hajdu E, Rutzler K. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 111: 737 - 773." type="journal article" year="1998">Hajdu &amp; Rützler 1998</bibRefCitation>
) and rather smaller and shallower curved toxas when contrasted with categories present in the new species. 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9604FFD1CED0FB42FE73FB05" box="[211,472,1234,1258]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="escarlatei" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CED0FB42FE73FB05" box="[211,472,1234,1258]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Mycale (A.) escarlatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by its duck-bill shaped anisochelae II, much smaller toxas and possession of micracanthoxeas (
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9604FFD1CCB7FB62FCD1FAE5" author="Hajdu E &amp; Zea S &amp; Kielman M &amp; Peixinho S" box="[692,890,1266,1290]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref8514" refString="Hajdu E, Zea S, Kielman M, Peixinho S. 1995. Mycale escarlatei n. sp. and Mycale unguifera n. sp. (Demospongiae) from the Tropical-Western Atlantic. Beaufortia. 45: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1995">Hajdu et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9604FFD1CD91FB62FBD1FAE5" authorityName="Carballo and Hajdu" authorityYear="1998" box="[914,1146,1266,1290]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lilianae" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CD91FB62FBD1FAE5" box="[914,1146,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Mycale (A.) lilianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is surely the closest to the new species, as both share the occurrence of deeply curved toxas widely variable in length (
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9604FFD1CC38FAA2FCE2FAA5" author="Carballo JL &amp; Hajdu E" box="[571,841,1330,1354]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" pagination="187 - 195" refId="ref7737" refString="Carballo JL, Hajdu E. 1998. Micromorphology in Mycale taxonomy (Mycalidae, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae), with the description of two new micracanthoxea-bearing species. Contrib Zool. 67: 187 - 195." type="journal article" year="1998">Carballo &amp; Hajdu 1998</bibRefCitation>
). The characters judged here to support both species’ validity are the relatively larger anisochelae II, and the absence of a second much smaller category of sigmas, as well as of any micracanthoxeas in the new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0FA7DFE1AF9EA" blockId="18.[211,1172,1517,1677]" box="[211,433,1517,1541]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9604FFD1CED0FA7DFE1AF9EA" bold="true" box="[211,433,1517,1541]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">Concluding remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9604FFD1CED0F985FB38F962" blockId="18.[211,1172,1517,1677]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167">
Although the pressure of various human activities has intensified on northeastern Brazil’s coastal reefs over the last few decades (
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9604FFD1CD0AF9A5FBA0F9A2" author="Leao ZMAN &amp; Kikuchi RKP" box="[777,1035,1589,1613]" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" pagination="599 - 611" refId="ref8708" refString="Leao ZMAN, Kikuchi RKP. 2005. A relic coral fauna threatened by global changes and human activities, Eastern Brazil. Mar Pollut Bull. 51: 599 - 611." type="journal article" year="2005">Leão &amp; Kikuchi 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9604FFD1CA1EF9A5FE3BF982" author="Correia MD &amp; Sovierzoski HH" pageId="18" pageNumber="2167" pagination="25 - 45" refId="ref7957" refString="Correia MD, Sovierzoski HH. 2008. Gestao e Desenvolvimento Sustentavel da Zona Costeira de Alagoas, Brasil. Rev Gest Cost Integr. 8: 25 - 45." type="journal article" year="2008">Correia &amp; Sovierzoski 2008</bibRefCitation>
), new species are still hidden in crevices and nearly every sciophilous habitat in these areas. Furthermore, in spite of extensive dredging conducted off these
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5F966249605FFD0CE39FE4CFDA7FDE0" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" startId="19.[58,113,476,498]">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9605FFD0CE39FE4CFDA7FDE0" blockId="19.[58,1588,476,527]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
Table 3. Comparative micrometric, live-colour and geographic distribution data for species of 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9605FFD0CDF4FE4DFB7CFE1C" authority="" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[1015,1239,477,499]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CDF4FE4DFB7CFE1C" box="[1015,1239,477,499]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Mycale (Aegogropila)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from the Tropical Western Atlantic. Values are expressed in micrometres.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9605FFD0CFA1FDBCF9BFFAE6" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<table id="9386C40C9605003CCE3FFDBCF982FAC8" box="[60,1577,556,1319]" gridcols="5" gridrows="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFDBCF982FDAD" box="[60,1577,556,578]" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCF90FDBCFD9FFDAD" box="[403,564,556,578]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Mycalostyles</th>
<th id="1C675D929605003CCC71FDBCFB71FDAD" box="[626,1242,556,578]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Microscleres</th>
<th id="1C675D929605003CCB1EFDBCF982FDAD" box="[1309,1577,556,578]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Colour/Distribution</th>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFDF9F982FD73" box="[60,1577,617,668]" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FDF9FC21FD73" box="[626,906,617,668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">anisochelae</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFDF9FB71FD73" box="[968,1242,617,668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">s, sigmas; t, toxas; m, micracanthoxeas</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFD2DF982FCE1" box="[60,1577,701,782]" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCE3FFD2DFEF8FCE1" box="[60,339,701,782]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9605FFD0CE3FFD2EFF67FD3B" authority="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia, 2013" authorityName="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia" authorityYear="2013" box="[60,204,702,724]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CE3FFD2EFF67FD3B" box="[60,204,702,724]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">M. (A.) rubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8C157C59605FFD0CED2FD2DFEB5FD3C" box="[209,286,701,723]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (MNRJ 16270)
</th>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCF90FD2DFD9FFCE1" box="[403,564,701,782]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
194– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFC0FD2EFE52FD3B" box="[451,505,702,724]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">239.6</emphasis>
–249/ 2.4– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFBEFD4BFE70FD1E" box="[445,475,731,753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">3.1</emphasis>
–6.1
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FD2DFC21FCE1" box="[626,906,701,782]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
I, 44– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCAFFD2EFD60FD3B" box="[684,715,702,724]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">48.</emphasis>
6–55 II, 14– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCB6FD4BFD74FD1E" box="[693,735,731,753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">15.2</emphasis>
–17 III, 11.5– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCD2FD68FD50FCE1" box="[721,763,760,782]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">12.6</emphasis>
–14
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFD2DFB71FCE1" box="[968,1242,701,782]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
s, 92– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA03FD2EFB81FD3B" box="[1024,1066,702,724]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">93.1</emphasis>
–97 tI, 128– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA16FD4BFBE0FD1E" box="[1045,1099,731,753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">178.1</emphasis>
–243 (
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA8AFD4BFB30FD1E" box="[1161,1179,731,753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">N</emphasis>
= 8) tII, 44– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA11FD68FB97FCE1" box="[1042,1084,760,782]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">63.2</emphasis>
–95
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCB1EFD2DF982FCE1" box="[1309,1577,701,782]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Reddish-orange/Brazil</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFCB2F982FC9C" box="[60,1577,802,883]" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCE3FFCB2FEF8FC9C" box="[60,339,802,883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">paratype (MNRJ 14050)</th>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCF90FCB2FD9FFC9C" box="[403,564,802,883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
220– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFC0FCB3FE52FCD6" box="[451,505,803,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">254.6</emphasis>
–290/ 2.3– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFBEFCD0FE70FCB9" box="[445,475,832,854]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">4.4</emphasis>
–7
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FCB2FC21FC9C" box="[626,906,802,883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
I, 30– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCAFFCB3FD7DFCD6" box="[684,726,803,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">35.1</emphasis>
–46 II, 25– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCB6FCD0FD74FCB9" box="[693,735,832,854]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">34.0</emphasis>
–38 III, 11.5– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCD2FCCDFD50FC9C" box="[721,763,861,883]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">14.6</emphasis>
–20
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFCB2FB71FC9C" box="[968,1242,802,883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
s, 71– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA03FCB3FBB3FCD6" box="[1024,1048,803,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">84</emphasis>
–93 tI, 126– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA16FCD0FB92FCB9" box="[1045,1081,832,854]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">163</emphasis>
–282 tII, 47– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA11FCCDFB81FC9C" box="[1042,1066,861,883]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">76</emphasis>
–115
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFC17F982FC55" box="[60,1577,903,954]" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCE3FFC17FEF8FC55" box="[60,339,903,954]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9605FFD0CE3FFC18FF6FFC55" authority="van Soest, 1984" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1984" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="americana" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CE3FFC18FF56FC71" box="[60,253,904,926]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">M. (A.) americana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9605FFD0CF00FC17FF6FFC55" author="van Soest RWM" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" pagination="1 - 163" refId="ref9670" refString="van Soest RWM. 1984. Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part III. Poecilosclerida. Stud Fauna Curacao Caribb Isl. 62: 1 - 163." type="journal article" year="1984">van Soest, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCF90FC17FD9FFC55" box="[403,564,903,954]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
190– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFC0FC18FE52FC71" box="[451,505,904,926]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">265.6</emphasis>
–338
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FC17FC21FC55" box="[626,906,903,954]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">I, 30–36.9–45 II, 10–13.9–22</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFC17FB71FC55" box="[968,1242,903,954]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
s, 23– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA03FC18FB81FC71" box="[1024,1066,904,926]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">47.6</emphasis>
–63
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCB1EFC17F982FC55" box="[1309,1577,903,954]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Red/Caribbean and Brazil</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFC5FF982FC0A" box="[60,1577,975,997]" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCE3FFC5FFEF8FC0A" box="[60,339,975,997]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9605FFD0CE3FFC5FFE90FC0A" authority="van Soest" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1984" box="[60,315,975,997]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arndti" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CE3FFC5FFF79FC0A" box="[60,210,975,997]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">M. (A.) arndti</emphasis>
van Soest
</taxonomicName>
,
</th>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCF90FC5FFD9FFC0A" box="[403,564,975,997]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
249– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFC0FC5FFE52FC0A" box="[451,505,975,997]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">278.8</emphasis>
–313/
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FC5FFC21FC0A" box="[626,906,975,997]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
I, 42– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCAFFC5FFD7DFC0A" box="[684,726,975,997]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">46.7</emphasis>
–53
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFC5FFB71FC0A" box="[968,1242,975,997]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
sI, 89– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA09FC5FFB9FFC0A" box="[1034,1076,975,997]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">99.9</emphasis>
–109
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCB1EFC5FF982FC0A" box="[1309,1577,975,997]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Greyish-blue/Caribbean</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFC7CF982FBAF" box="[60,1577,1004,1088]" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCE3FFC7CFEF8FBAF" box="[60,339,1004,1088]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
1984 holotype (
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CEECFC7CFE8FFBED" box="[239,292,1004,1026]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9605FFD0CE52FB99FEE7FBF0" author="Hajdu E &amp; Rutzler K" box="[81,332,1033,1055]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" pagination="737 - 773" refId="ref8435" refString="Hajdu E, Rutzler K. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 111: 737 - 773." type="journal article" year="1998">Hajdu and Rützler, 1998</bibRefCitation>
)
</th>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCF90FC7CFD9FFBAF" box="[403,564,1004,1088]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
8– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFA8FC7FFE62FBEA" box="[427,457,1007,1029]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">9.3</emphasis>
–10
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FC7CFC21FBAF" box="[626,906,1004,1088]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
II, 21– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCB6FC7FFD74FBEA" box="[693,735,1007,1029]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">24.2</emphasis>
–29 III, 19– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCBDFB9CFD43FBCD" box="[702,744,1036,1058]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">20.2</emphasis>
–23 IV, 10– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCB9FBBAFD4FFBAF" box="[698,740,1066,1088]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">12.0</emphasis>
–14
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFC7CFB71FBAF" box="[968,1242,1004,1088]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
sII, 21– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA17FC7FFB95FBEA" box="[1044,1086,1007,1029]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">29.7</emphasis>
–41 sIII, 13– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA1EFB9CFBECFBCD" box="[1053,1095,1036,1058]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">15.5</emphasis>
–17 t, 18– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA03FBBAFB81FBAF" box="[1024,1066,1066,1088]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">66.3</emphasis>
–78
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFBC4F982FB2E" box="[60,1577,1108,1217]" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCE3FFBC4FEF8FB2E" box="[60,339,1108,1217]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
population 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CEB2FBC4FF4DFB85" box="[177,230,1108,1130]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9605FFD0CEEFFBC4FEBBFB68" author="Hajdu E &amp; Rutzler K" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" pagination="737 - 773" refId="ref8435" refString="Hajdu E, Rutzler K. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 111: 737 - 773." type="journal article" year="1998">Hajdu and Rützler (1998)</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCF90FBC4FD9FFB2E" box="[403,564,1108,1217]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">249–355/ 3–12</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FBC4FC21FB2E" box="[626,906,1108,1217]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">I, 35–53 II, 21–30 (may be absent) III, 18–24 IV, 10–15</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFBC4FB71FB2E" box="[968,1242,1108,1217]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">sI, 89–116 sII, 14–62 sIII, 13–39 (may be absent) t, 13–83</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5FB634EE9605003CCE3FFB46F982FAC8" box="[60,1577,1238,1319]" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<th id="1C675D929605003CCE3FFB46FEF8FAC8" box="[60,339,1238,1319]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9605FFD0CE3FFB46FEE0FAE6" authority="Hajdu and Rutzler, 1998" authorityName="Hajdu and Rutzler" authorityYear="1998" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carmigropila" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CE3FFB46FEBFFB03" box="[60,276,1238,1260]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">M. (A.) carmigropila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9605FFD0CE52FB63FEE0FAE6" author="Hajdu E &amp; Rutzler K" box="[81,331,1267,1289]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168" pagination="737 - 773" refId="ref8435" refString="Hajdu E, Rutzler K. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 111: 737 - 773." type="journal article" year="1998">Hajdu and Rützler, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCF90FB46FD9FFAC8" box="[403,564,1238,1319]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
254– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFC0FB46FE52FB03" box="[451,505,1238,1260]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">281.4</emphasis>
–360/ 6– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CFA8FB63FE62FAE6" box="[427,457,1267,1289]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">7.2</emphasis>
–9
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCC71FB46FC21FAC8" box="[626,906,1238,1319]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
I, 33– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCAFFB46FD7DFB03" box="[684,726,1238,1260]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">42.8</emphasis>
–45 (rare rosettes) II, 18– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCB6FB63FD74FAE6" box="[693,735,1267,1289]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">20.1</emphasis>
–23 III, 10– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CCBDFA81FD43FAC8" box="[702,744,1297,1319]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">13.3</emphasis>
–14
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCDCBFB46FB71FAC8" box="[968,1242,1238,1319]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
s, 51– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CA03FB46FB81FB03" box="[1024,1066,1238,1260]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">59.7</emphasis>
–67
</td>
<td id="1C675D929605003CCB1EFB46F982FAC8" box="[1309,1577,1238,1319]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Cobalt-blue and light-green/Caribbean</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9605FFD0CBC2FAAFF99CFABA" blockId="19.[1473,1591,1343,1365]" box="[1473,1591,1343,1365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">
(
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9605FFD0CBCAFAAFF984FABA" box="[1481,1583,1343,1365]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="2168">Continued</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5F966249602FFD7CE39FD09FEBCFD40" box="[58,279,665,687]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" startId="20.[58,113,665,687]">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CE39FD09FEBCFD40" blockId="20.[58,1569,665,902]" box="[58,279,665,687]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">Table 3. (Continued).</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CE39FD41FCA1FCCE" blockId="20.[58,1569,665,902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9602FFD7CE39FD41FEB0FD08" authority="Hajdu" authorityName="Hajdu and Rutzler" authorityYear="1998" box="[58,283,721,743]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CE39FD41FF78FD08" box="[58,211,721,743]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">M. (A.) citrina</emphasis>
Hajdu
</taxonomicName>
and 339– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CFC3FD41FE5DFD08" box="[448,502,721,743]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">382.4</emphasis>
–456/ I, 32– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCAAFD41FD78FD08" box="[681,723,721,743]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">45.5</emphasis>
–48 s, 70– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CDFEFD41FB8CFD08" box="[1021,1063,721,743]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">74.9</emphasis>
–79 Lemon-yellow/Caribbean Rützler, 1998 
<typeStatus id="3E3D880E9602FFD7CED8FD7EFE9EFCEB" box="[219,309,750,772]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
8– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CFABFD7EFE6DFCEB" box="[424,454,750,772]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">8.6</emphasis>
–9 II, 19– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCB1FD7EFD77FCEB" box="[690,732,750,772]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">21.6</emphasis>
–24 III, 13– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCBFFC9CFD4DFCCD" box="[700,742,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">13.1</emphasis>
–14
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CE39FCA6FD7FFC69" blockId="20.[58,1569,665,902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
population 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CEACFCA6FF4FFCA3" box="[175,228,822,844]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">sensu</emphasis>
Hajdu 339–477/7–11 I, 32–54 s, 69–88 and Rützler (1998) II, 18–26 III, 12–15
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CE39FC0BF9BBFC5E" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[58,1552,923,945]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CE39FC0BFF5CFC5E" box="[58,247,923,945]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9602FFD7CE39FC0BFF41FC5E" box="[58,234,923,945]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="escarlate" subGenus="Aegogropila">M. (A.) escarlate</taxonomicName>
i
</emphasis>
Hajdu 249– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CFC3FC0BFE5DFC5E" box="[448,502,923,945]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">296.8</emphasis>
–350 I, 34– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCAAFC0BFD78FC5E" box="[681,723,923,945]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">39.6</emphasis>
–46 sI, 57– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CA0BFC0BFB99FC5E" box="[1032,1074,923,945]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">67.4</emphasis>
–77 Crimson-red/Caribbean
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CE4CFC28FA33FC21" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[79,1432,952,974]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
et al. 
<date id="9538106C9602FFD7CE85FC28FD2FFC21" box="[134,644,952,974]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" value="1995-02">1995 II</date>
, 24– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCB1FC28FD77FC21" box="[690,732,952,974]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">29.4</emphasis>
–33 sII, 20– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CA12FC28FB90FC21" box="[1041,1083,952,974]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">30.4</emphasis>
–39 and 
<collectingCountry id="9991763C9602FFD7CB5FFC28FA33FC21" box="[1372,1432,952,974]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CC73FC45FBFFFC04" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[624,1108,981,1004]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
III, 13– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCBFFC46FD4DFC03" box="[700,742,982,1004]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">12.5</emphasis>
–14 tI, 55– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CA04FC46FB9AFC03" box="[1031,1073,982,1004]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">66.5</emphasis>
–92
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CDC6FC63FBF9FBE6" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[965,1106,1011,1033]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
tII, 6– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CA07FC63FB85FBE6" box="[1028,1070,1011,1033]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">14.8</emphasis>
–23
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CDC6FB80FBA2FBC9" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[965,1033,1040,1062]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">m, 3–4</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CE39FBABFA6CFBBF" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[58,1479,1082,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9602FFD7CE39FBABFE97FBBF" authority="Carballo" authorityName="Carballo and Hajdu" authorityYear="1998" box="[58,316,1082,1105]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lilianae" subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CE39FBABFF70FBBE" box="[58,219,1083,1105]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">M. (A.) lilianae</emphasis>
Carballo
</taxonomicName>
238– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CFC3FBABFE5DFBBE" box="[448,502,1083,1105]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">255.7</emphasis>
–283/ I, 36– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCAAFBABFD78FBBE" box="[681,723,1083,1105]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">40.2</emphasis>
–46 sI, 77– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CA0BFBABFB99FBBE" box="[1032,1074,1083,1105]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">86.7</emphasis>
–97 Light-yellow and
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CE4CFBC8F9ADFB81" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[79,1542,1112,1134]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
and 
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9602FFD7CE78FBC8FF53FB81" author="Hajdu E &amp; Rutzler K" box="[123,248,1112,1134]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" pagination="737 - 773" refId="ref8435" refString="Hajdu E, Rutzler K. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 111: 737 - 773." type="journal article" year="1998">Hajdu, 1998</bibRefCitation>
4.1–6 II, 19– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCB1FBC8FD77FB81" box="[690,732,1112,1134]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">21.4</emphasis>
–24 sII, 14.4–18 yellow-orange/ 
<collectingCountry id="9991763C9602FFD7CBC9FBC8F9ADFB81" box="[1482,1542,1112,1134]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CC73FBE5FBC8FB64" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[624,1123,1141,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">
III, 11– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CCBFFBE5FD7FFB64" box="[700,724,1141,1163]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">14</emphasis>
– 
<quantity id="267E9B499602FFD7CCE2FBE5FC65FB64" box="[737,974,1141,1163]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169" unit="t" value="17.0">17 t</quantity>
, 58– 
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9602FFD7CDFEFBE5FB98FB64" box="[1021,1075,1141,1163]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">117.9</emphasis>
–307
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9602FFD7CDC6FB02FBBEFB47" blockId="20.[58,1552,923,1192]" box="[965,1045,1170,1192]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2169">m, 6–13</paragraph>
<caption id="B5F966249603FFD6CE8CFAF1FDC9FA03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197803" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5197803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5197803/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" startId="21.[143,210,1377,1399]" targetBox="[145,1102,167,1344]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="E13936AC9603FFD6CE8CFAF1FDC9FA03" blockId="21.[143,1104,1377,1516]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170">
Figure 6. 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9603FFD6CEF4FAF1FDBEFA98" authority="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia, 2013" authorityName="Cedro &amp; Hajdu &amp; Correia" authorityYear="2013" box="[247,533,1377,1399]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rubra" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9603FFD6CEF4FAF1FDBEFA98" box="[247,533,1377,1399]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170">Mycale (Aegogropila) rubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8C157C59603FFD6CC1FFAF2FDC2FA98" box="[540,617,1378,1399]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype, MNRJ 16270). (A) Mycalostyle; (B) detail of mycalostyle base; (C) anisochelae I in oblique side view (top) and oblique face view (bottom); (D) anisochelae II (left, face view; middle, face view of young spicule; right, face view); (E) anisochelae III (side view); (F) sigma; (G) toxa I (both halves slightly overlaid); (H) toxa II. Scale bars: A, C–H, 20 µm; B, 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E13936AC9603FFD5CE8CF9B2FC28FED0" blockId="21.[143,1103,1570,1690]" lastBlockId="22.[211,1172,167,319]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="2171" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170">
reefs in the 1960s (
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9603FFD6CF6EF9B2FE6DF9D5" box="[365,454,1570,1594]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Calypso" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9603FFD6CF6EF9B2FE6DF9D5" box="[365,454,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170">Calypso</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9603FFD6CFE4F9B2FD67F9D5" author="Boury-Esnault N" box="[487,716,1570,1594]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" pagination="263 - 295" refId="ref7585" refString="Boury-Esnault N. 1973. Campagne de la Calypso au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). I, 29. Spongiaires. Result Sci Camp Calypso. 10: 263 - 295." type="journal article" year="1973">Boury-Esnault 1973</bibRefCitation>
) and 2000s (Project REVIZEE – 
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9603FFD6CE8CF9D2FEF6F9B5" author="Muricy G &amp; Santos CP &amp; Batista D &amp; Lopes DA &amp; Pagnoncelli D &amp; Monteiro LC &amp; Oliveira MV &amp; Moreira MCF &amp; Carvalho MS &amp; Melao M" box="[143,349,1602,1626]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" pagination="109 - 145" refId="ref9134" refString="Muricy G, Santos CP, Batista D, Lopes DA, Pagnoncelli D, Monteiro LC, Oliveira MV, Moreira MCF, Carvalho MS, Melao M, et al .. 2006. Biodiversidade bentonica da regiao central da Zona Economica Exclusiva brasileira. Rio de Janeiro (Brazil): Museu Nacional [Serie Livros 28). Chapter 3, Filo Porifera; p. 109 - 145." type="book chapter" year="2006">Muricy et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
), such intertidal species were apparently not collected. Although it is possible that species such as those reported here, as well as 
<taxonomicName id="26864D2F9603FFD6CD4EF9F2FEF4F975" authority="Cedro et al., 2011" authorityName="Cedro" authorityYear="2011" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alagoana" subGenus="M.">
<emphasis id="D3F2EABE9603FFD6CD4EF9F2FBE4F995" box="[845,1103,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170">Mycale (M.) alagoana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9603FFD6CE8CF912FEF4F975" author="Cedro VR &amp; Hajdu E &amp; Correia MD" box="[143,351,1666,1690]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2170" pagination="161 - 172" refId="ref7821" refString="Cedro VR, Hajdu E, Correia MD. 2011. Mycale alagoana sp. nov. and two new formal records of Porifera (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) from the shallow-water reefs of Alagoas (Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 11: 161 - 172." type="journal article" year="2011">Cedro et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, will show up as soon as these collections are fully described, the former (
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9600FFD5CF32FF37FDBCFF50" author="Boury-Esnault N" box="[305,535,167,191]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2171" pagination="263 - 295" refId="ref7585" refString="Boury-Esnault N. 1973. Campagne de la Calypso au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). I, 29. Spongiaires. Result Sci Camp Calypso. 10: 263 - 295." type="journal article" year="1973">Boury-Esnault 1973</bibRefCitation>
) and ongoing study of those (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9600FFD5CDA9FF37FB27FF50" author="Pinheiro US &amp; Hajdu E &amp; Custodio MR" box="[938,1164,167,191]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2171" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref9257" refString="Pinheiro US, Hajdu E, Custodio MR. 2007. Aplysina Nardo (Porifera, Verongida, Aplysinidae) from the Brazilian coast with description of eighth new species. Zootaxa. 1609: 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="2007">Pinheiro et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="85174B5D9600FFD5CED0FF57FE25FF30" author="Vieira W &amp; Cosme B &amp; Hajdu E" box="[211,398,199,223]" pageId="22" pageNumber="2171" pagination="437 - 460" refId="ref9798" refString="Vieira W, Cosme B, Hajdu E. 2010. Three new Erylus (Demospongiae, Astrophorida, Geodiidae) from the Almirante Saldanha Seamount (off SE Brazil), with further data for a tabular review of worldwide species and comments on Brazilian seamount sponges. Mar Biol Res. 6: 437 - 460." type="journal article" year="2010">Vieira et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
) has not yet revealed them, so the possibility cannot be ruled out that the intertidal or shallow subtidal fauna of sponges has an endemic component that needs enhanced conservation efforts, with the goal of preserving what remains, and permitting the likely discovery of additional sciophilous taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>