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<document id="5189506310F6C1FF260B61D487640F46" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.959.2677" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13945464" ID-ZooBank="30872C13-516F-42FA-AFA7-30ADC6BF1BAF" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1729166637250" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rosa, Cecilia Lozano De La, Cupello, Mario &amp; Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2024" docId="1D50766630F552D5EF49F8AC75830484" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.959.1-272.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 959 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2677/12401" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phanaeus haroldi Kirsch 1871" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="178" masterDocId="E1690E1E305A5264ED17FFA7770C013F" masterDocTitle="The dung beetles of Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): catalogue and updated distribution" masterLastPageNumber="272" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="176" updateTime="1731448046962" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8DF0CB53AF82F21F15B499327C0578F4">The dung beetles of Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): catalogue and updated distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F87CD31F9052312A90DEED034374B79C">Rosa, Cecilia Lozano De La</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="12D72E0F43E4FA6260CAF57BD5BAC393">Cupello, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8D7229624A4B4E1B6F2154B73B168CB9">Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Currently at Department of Entomology, Texas A &amp; M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="DDE394FB30F552CBEF49F8AC74D9061A" box="[606,981,1803,1830]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9546C77030F552CBEF49F8AC74D9061A" blockId="175.[606,981,1803,1864]" box="[606,981,1803,1830]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">
<heading id="CE0E701C30F552CBEF49F8AC74D9061A" box="[606,981,1803,1830]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330F552CBEF49F8AC74D9061A" ID-CoL="4FSJN" authority="Kirsch, 1871" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1871" box="[606,981,1803,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haroldi">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230F552CBEF49F8AC743A0619" bold="true" box="[606,822,1803,1830]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Phanaeus haroldi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130F552CBEE29F8AC74D9061A" author="Kirsch T." box="[830,981,1803,1829]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" pagination="337 - 378" refId="ref125690" refString="Kirsch T. 1871. Beitrage zur Kaferfauna von Bogota (Sechstes Stuck). Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 14: 337 - 378. Avaliable from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8340963 [accessed 16 Feb. 2024]." type="journal article" year="1871">Kirsch, 1871</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB30F552CBEFF1F88974410677" box="[742,845,1838,1864]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" type="description">
<paragraph id="9546C77030F552CBEFF1F88974410677" blockId="175.[606,981,1803,1864]" box="[742,845,1838,1864]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">
<figureCitation id="0DC2DBF530F552CBEFF1F88974410677" box="[742,845,1838,1864]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="176.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[282,1303,278,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-18@176.[270,1318,265,1909]" captionTargetPageId="176" captionText="Fig. 66. Species distribution. A. Phanaeus bordoni Arnaud, 1997. B. Phanaeus haroldi Kirsch, 1871. Green diamond = CEMT collection data; black circle = literature data." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13945647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13945647/files/figure.png" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Fig. 66B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9546C77030F552CBEDAAF8D774CB0692" blockId="175.[189,1399,1904,1966]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E30F552CBEDAAF8D774CB0692" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130F552CBEDAAF8D7757906B5" author="Kirsch T." box="[189,629,1904,1930]" page="342" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" year="1871">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330F552CBEDAAF8D7757906B5" ID-CoL="4FSJN" authority="Kirsch, 1871: 342" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityPageNumber="342" authorityYear="1871" box="[189,629,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haroldi">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230F552CBEDAAF8D7769C06B5" box="[189,400,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Phanaeus haroldi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130F552CBEC8CF8D7757906B5" author="Kirsch T." box="[411,629,1904,1930]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" pagination="337 - 378" refId="ref125690" refString="Kirsch T. 1871. Beitrage zur Kaferfauna von Bogota (Sechstes Stuck). Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 14: 337 - 378. Avaliable from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8340963 [accessed 16 Feb. 2024]." type="journal article" year="1871">Kirsch, 1871: 342</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description). Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030F552CBE92AF8D773B906B5" box="[1085,1205,1904,1930]" name="Colombia" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Colombia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230F552CBE9D4F8D7727F06B5" box="[1219,1395,1904,1930]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230F552CBEDFDF834764F0692" box="[234,323,1939,1965]" country="Colombia" name="Bogota" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Bogotá</collectingRegion>
. Name-bearing type:
<typeStatus id="4A4279D230F552CBEF28F83475AA0692" box="[575,678,1939,1965]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(SMTD), not examined.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<caption id="C18697F830EA52D4EDAAF80C74FB06D7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13945647" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13945647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13945647/files/figure.png" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" startId="176.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[282,1303,278,1876]" targetPageId="176">
<paragraph id="9546C77030EA52D4EDAAF80C74FB06D7" blockId="176.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EA52D4EDAAF80C761006FA" bold="true" box="[189,284,1963,1989]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Fig. 66.</emphasis>
Species distribution.
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EA52D4EF37F80C753806FA" bold="true" box="[544,564,1963,1989]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EA52D4EF53F80C74C006FA" authority="Arnaud, 1997" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="1997" box="[580,972,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bordoni">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EA52D4EF53F80C741006FA" box="[580,796,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Phanaeus bordoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EA52D4EE31F80C74C006FA" author="Arnaud P." box="[806,972,1963,1989]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="4 - 8" refId="ref109662" refString="Arnaud P. 1997. Description de nouvelles especes du genre Coprophanaeus Ols. Besoiro 4: 4 - 8." type="journal article" year="1997">Arnaud, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EA52D4EECFF80C74E006FA" bold="true" box="[984,1004,1963,1989]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EA52D4EEECF80C727E06FA" authority="Kirsch, 1871" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1871" box="[1019,1394,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haroldi">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EA52D4EEECF80C73C106FA" box="[1019,1229,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Phanaeus haroldi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EA52D4E9C1F80C727E06FA" author="Kirsch T." box="[1238,1394,1963,1989]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="337 - 378" refId="ref125690" refString="Kirsch T. 1871. Beitrage zur Kaferfauna von Bogota (Sechstes Stuck). Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 14: 337 - 378. Avaliable from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8340963 [accessed 16 Feb. 2024]." type="journal article" year="1871">Kirsch, 1871</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Green diamond = CEMT collection data; black circle = literature data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFEAE76680056" blockId="177.[189,1399,265,361]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E30EB52D5EDAAFEAE76680056" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EDAAFEAE7579001B" author="Frey G." box="[189,629,265,292]" page="558" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1963">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EB52D5EDAAFEAE7579001B" ID-CoL="4FSNM" authority="Frey, 1963: 558" authorityName="Frey" authorityPageNumber="558" authorityYear="1963" box="[189,629,265,292]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schneblei">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EDAAFEAE76A6001C" box="[189,426,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Phanaeus schneblei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5ECA2FEAD7579001B" author="Frey G." box="[437,629,265,292]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="550 - 559" refId="ref119743" refString="Frey G. 1963. Neue Coprophagen und Melolonthiden mit bestimmungstabellen. Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum 14 (2): 550 - 559." type="journal article" year="1963">Frey, 1963: 558</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description). Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5E92AFEAE73B9001C" box="[1085,1205,265,291]" name="Colombia" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Colombia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5E9D4FEAE727F001C" box="[1219,1395,265,291]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
: Guayabetal: Monterredondo. Name-bearing type:
<typeStatus id="4A4279D230EB52D5EE47FE8B74BB0079" box="[848,951,300,326]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(NHMB ex Frey collection), not examined.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFE3673810364" blockId="177.[189,1399,401,849]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E30EB52D5EDAAFE3673810364" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EB52D5EDAAFE3676830094" ID-CoL="4FSJN" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1871" box="[189,399,401,427]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haroldi">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EDAAFE3676830094" box="[189,399,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Phanaeus haroldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5ECA5FE36758E0094" author="Kirsch T." box="[434,642,401,427]" page="342" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1871">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5ECA5FE36758E0094" author="Kirsch T." box="[434,642,401,427]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="337 - 378" refId="ref125690" refString="Kirsch T. 1871. Beitrage zur Kaferfauna von Bogota (Sechstes Stuck). Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 14: 337 - 378. Avaliable from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8340963 [accessed 16 Feb. 2024]." type="journal article" year="1871">Kirsch 1871: 342</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(358) (cited for
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EE59FE3674A40094" box="[846,936,401,427]" country="Colombia" name="Bogota" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Bogotá</collectingRegion>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EEF2FE3673B70094" author="Nevinson B. G." box="[997,1211,401,427]" page="4" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EEF2FE3673B70094" author="Nevinson B. G." box="[997,1211,401,427]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref131974" refString="Nevinson B. G. 1892. Revised Synonymic List of Species in the Genera Phanӕus Macleay and Oxysternon Castelnau. Privately published, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9416" type="book" year="1892">Nevinson 1892: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EDFAFE1376A500F1" author="Gillet J. J. E." box="[237,425,436,462]" page="83" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1911">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDFAFE1376A500F1" author="Gillet J. J. E." box="[237,425,436,462]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref121235" refString="Gillet J. J. E. 1911 b. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 38: Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. W. Junk, Berlin. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48405679 [accesseed 16 Feb. 2024]." type="url" year="1911">Gillet 1911b: 83</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EF70FE13746B00F1" author="d'Olsoufieff G." box="[615,871,436,462]" page="34" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EF70FE13746B00F1" author="d'Olsoufieff G." box="[615,871,436,462]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref134049" refString="d'Olsoufieff G. 1924. Les Phanaeides, Famille Scarabaeidae. Tr. Coprini Insecta. Revue Illustree d'Entomologie 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">dOlsoufieff 1924: 34</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 85, 147 (key, redescription, distribution). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EDFDFE7076F500CE" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[234,505,471,497]" page="209" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDFDFE7076F500CE" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[234,505,471,497]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="189 - 341" refId="ref111083" refString="Blackwelder R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin 185: 189 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.2" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 209</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EFBDFE7074F000CD" author="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[682,1020,471,498]" page="575" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EFBDFE7074F000CD" author="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[682,1020,471,498]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="533 - 603" refId="ref141365" refString="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera). Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica 5: 533 - 603." type="journal article" year="1967">Vulcano &amp; Pereira 1967: 575</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5E979FE707618032A" author="Amezquita S. J. &amp; Forsyth A. &amp; Lopera A. &amp; Camacho A." page="119" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E979FE707618032A" author="Amezquita S. J. &amp; Forsyth A. &amp; Lopera A. &amp; Camacho A." pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="113 - 126" refId="ref109271" refString="Amezquita S. J., Forsyth A., Lopera A. &amp; Camacho A. 1999. Comparacion de la composicion y riqueza de especies de escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) en remanentes de bosque de la Orinoquia Colombiana. Acta Zoologica Mexicana (n. s.) 76: 113 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.21829 / azm. 1999.76761703" type="journal article" year="1999">
Amézquita
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5E9E4FE7F722200CE" box="[1267,1326,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
1999: 119
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(biodiversity). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5ECFBFE5D75CA032A" author="Escobar F." box="[492,710,506,533]" page="209" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5ECFBFE5D75CA032A" author="Escobar F." box="[492,710,506,533]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="197 - 210" refId="ref118039" refString="Escobar F. 2000. Diversidad y distribution de los escarabajos del estiercol (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. In: Martin-Piera F., Morrone J. J. &amp; Melic A. (eds.) Hacia un proyecto CYTED para el Inventario y Estimacion de la Diversidad Entomologica en Iberoamerica: PRIBES- 2000: 197 - 210. m 3 m: Monografias Tercer Milenio, vol. 1. Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (SEA), Zaragoza." type="book chapter" year="2000">Escobar 2000: 209</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(list). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EE22FE5D74F7032A" author="Vitolo A. L." box="[821,1019,506,533]" page="597" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EE22FE5D74F7032A" author="Vitolo A. L." box="[821,1019,506,533]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="591 - 601" refId="ref141219" refString="Vitolo A. L. 2000. Clave para la identificacion de los generos y especies Phanaeinas de Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales 24 (93): 591 - 601." type="journal article" year="2000">Vítolo 2000: 597</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key);
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5E959FE5C73CF032A" author="Vitolo A." box="[1102,1219,507,533]" page="283" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E959FE5C73CF032A" author="Vitolo A." box="[1102,1219,507,533]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="277 - 318" refId="ref141259" refString="Vitolo A. 2004. Escarabajos estercoleros de la tribu Phanaeini de Colombia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae). In: Fernandez F., Andrade M. G. &amp; Amat G. D. (eds) Insectos de Colombia 3: 277 - 318. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota." type="book chapter" year="2004">2004: 283</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(diagnosis). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EDFEFDB975000307" author="Medina C. A. &amp; Lopera-Toro A. &amp; Vitolo A. &amp; Gill B." box="[233,524,542,568]" page="140" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDFEFDB975000307" author="Medina C. A. &amp; Lopera-Toro A. &amp; Vitolo A. &amp; Gill B." box="[233,524,542,568]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref130799" refString="Medina C. A., Lopera-Toro A., Vitolo A. &amp; Gill B. 2001. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2: 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="2001">
Medina
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EC5AFDB976860307" box="[333,394,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2001: 140
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EFABFDB974390307" box="[700,821,542,568]" name="Colombia" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Colombia</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EE66FDB973A80308" author="Noriega J. A. &amp; Gillett C. P. D. T. &amp; Sandoval-Mojica A. &amp; Horgan F. G. &amp; Blanco J. I. &amp; Valencia G. &amp; Pardo L. C. &amp; Santinanez A." box="[881,1188,541,568]" page="406" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EE66FDB973A80308" author="Noriega J. A. &amp; Gillett C. P. D. T. &amp; Sandoval-Mojica A. &amp; Horgan F. G. &amp; Blanco J. I. &amp; Valencia G. &amp; Pardo L. C. &amp; Santinanez A." box="[881,1188,541,568]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="403 - 414" refId="ref132737" refString="Noriega J. A., Gillett C. P. D. T., Sandoval-Mojica A., Horgan F. G., Blanco J. I., Valencia G., Pardo L. C. &amp; Santinanez A. 2009 a. New records and distributional range extension for Phanaeus haroldi Kirsch, 1871 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): A consolidation of biological and biogeographic information. Lambillionea 109 (4): 403 - 414." type="journal article" year="2009">
Noriega
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EECCFDB973140307" box="[987,1048,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2009a: 406
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(distribution). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EDFBFDE676CE0364" author="Krajcik M." box="[236,450,577,603]" page="204" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDFBFDE676CE0364" author="Krajcik M." box="[236,450,577,603]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 278" refId="ref126632" refString="Krajcik M. 2012. Checklist of the World Scarabaeoidea. Animma. X Supplement 5: 1 - 278." type="journal article" year="2012">Krajcik 2012: 204</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EF6FFDE674900364" author="Ratcliffe B. C. &amp; Jameson M. L. &amp; Figueroa L. &amp; Cave R. D. &amp; Paulsen M. J. &amp; Cano E. B. &amp; Beza-Beza C. &amp; Ferbans L. &amp; Reyes-Castillo P." box="[632,924,577,604]" page="197" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EF6FFDE674900364" author="Ratcliffe B. C. &amp; Jameson M. L. &amp; Figueroa L. &amp; Cave R. D. &amp; Paulsen M. J. &amp; Cano E. B. &amp; Beza-Beza C. &amp; Ferbans L. &amp; Reyes-Castillo P." box="[632,924,577,604]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="186 - 207" refId="ref137018" refString="Ratcliffe B. C., Jameson M. L., Figueroa L., Cave R. D., Paulsen M. J., Cano E. B., Beza-Beza C., Jimenez- Ferbans L., Reyes-Castillo P. 2015. Beetles (Coleoptera) of Peru: a survey of the families. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 88 (2): 186 - 207." type="journal article" year="2015">
Ratcliffe
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EFF3FDE574120364" box="[740,798,577,603]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2015: 197
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5E951FDE6738D0364" box="[1094,1153,577,603]" name="Peru" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Peru</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFDC3750C039E" blockId="177.[189,1399,401,849]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E30EB52D5EDAAFDC3750C039E" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EB52D5EDAAFDC376A00341" ID-CoL="4FSNM" authorityName="Frey" authorityYear="1963" box="[189,428,612,638]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schneblei">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EDAAFDC376A00341" box="[189,428,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Phanaeus schneblei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5ECC5FDC275820340" author="Frey G." box="[466,654,612,639]" page="405" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5ECC5FDC275820340" author="Frey G." box="[466,654,612,639]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref119769" refString="Frey G. 1967. Zwei neue afrikanische Coprophagen sowie eine neue synonymie (Col. Scarab.). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 18: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1967">Frey 1967: 405</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EB52D5EE7DFDC274EC0341" ID-CoL="4FSJN" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1871" box="[874,992,612,638]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haroldi">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EE7DFDC274EC0341" box="[874,992,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">P. haroldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5E932FDC3720F0341" author="Arnaud P." box="[1061,1283,612,638]" page="82" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E932FDC3720F0341" author="Arnaud P." box="[1061,1283,612,638]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref109736" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Les Coleopteres du Monde, Vol. 28. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury, England." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 82</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cited as synonym of
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EB52D5EC6AFD2F76E3039E" ID-CoL="4FSJN" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1871" box="[381,495,647,673]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haroldi">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EC6AFD2F76E3039E" box="[381,495,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">P. haroldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFD0D74BA026E" blockId="177.[189,1399,401,849]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E30EB52D5EDAAFD0D74BA026E" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF330EB52D5EDAAFD0D755003FB" ID-CoL="4FSJN" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1871" box="[189,604,682,709]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haroldi" subGenus="Notiophanaeus">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EDAAFD0D763D03FB" box="[189,305,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Phanaeus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EC54FD0D76F903FB" box="[323,501,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Notiophanaeus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EF10FD0D755003FB" box="[519,604,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">haroldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EF6BFD0D745203FA" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[636,862,682,709]" page="21" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EF6BFD0D745203FA" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[636,862,682,709]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref117482" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus MacLeay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Contributions in Science 443: 1 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 208079" type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994: 21</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 24, 101 (key, redescription, distribution). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EDFBFD69750603D7" author="Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[236,522,718,744]" page="194" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDFBFD69750603D7" author="Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[236,522,718,744]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="183 - 195" refId="ref140384" refString="Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. 2000. Estado atual de conhecimentos dos Scarabaeidae s. str. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) do Brasil. In: Martin-Piera F., Morrone J. J. &amp; Melic A. (eds) Hacia un Proyecto CYTED para el Inventario y Estimacion de la Diversidad Entomologica en Iberoamerica: PRIBES- 2000: 183 - 195. m 3 m: Monografias Tercer Milenio vol. 1, Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (SEA), Zaragoza." type="book chapter" year="2000">Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 194</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cited for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EF92FD6975DE03D7" box="[645,722,718,744]" name="Brazil" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Brazil</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EE10FD6974D103D7" author="Arnaud P." box="[775,989,718,744]" page="82" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EE10FD6974D103D7" author="Arnaud P." box="[775,989,718,744]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref109736" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Les Coleopteres du Monde, Vol. 28. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury, England." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 82</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key, diagnosis). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5E9C6FD6976940234" author="Carvajal V. &amp; Villamarin S. &amp; Ortega A. M." page="320" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E9C6FD6976940234" author="Carvajal V. &amp; Villamarin S. &amp; Ortega A. M." pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref113831" refString="Carvajal V., Villamarin S. &amp; Ortega A. M. 2011. Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales Generos. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito." type="book" year="2011">
Carvajal
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5E82BFD69727B03D7" box="[1340,1399,718,744]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 320321
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cited for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EF1BFD56757F0234" box="[524,627,753,779]" name="Ecuador" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EFB0FD5674E90234" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[679,997,753,779]" page="12" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EFB0FD5674E90234" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[679,997,753,779]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref117698" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012: 12</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5E940FD5672780234" author="Figueroa L. &amp; Edmonds W. D. &amp; Martinez N. L." box="[1111,1396,753,779]" page="133" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E940FD5672780234" author="Figueroa L. &amp; Edmonds W. D. &amp; Martinez N. L." box="[1111,1396,753,779]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="125 - 138" refId="ref119373" refString="Figueroa L., Edmonds W. D., Martinez N. L. 2014. La tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) en el Peru. Revista Peruana de Biologia 21 (2): 125 - 138. https: // doi. org / 10.15381 / rpb. v 21 i 2.9815" type="journal article" year="2014">
Figueroa
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5E9D4FD5573F70234" box="[1219,1275,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2014: 133
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(distribution for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5ECBBFCB376EB0211" box="[428,487,788,814]" name="Peru" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Peru</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EF37FCB374410211" author="Chamorro W. &amp; Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Granda V. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[544,845,788,814]" page="98" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EF37FCB374410211" author="Chamorro W. &amp; Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Granda V. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[544,845,788,814]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="72 - 100" refId="ref114035" refString="Chamorro W., Marin-Armijos D., Granda V. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. 2018. Listado de especies y clave de generos y subgeneros de escarabajos estercoleros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) presentes y presuntos para Ecuador. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia 44 (1): 72 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.25100 / socolen. v 44 i 1.6545" type="journal article" year="2018">
Chamorro
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EFB5FCB275D10211" box="[674,733,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2018: 98
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cited for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EEDCFCB3733E0211" box="[971,1074,788,814]" name="Ecuador" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5E950FCB373B20211" author="Chamorro W. &amp; Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Asenjo A. &amp; Vaz-De-Mello F. Z." box="[1095,1214,788,814]" page="2019" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E950FCB373B20211" author="Chamorro W. &amp; Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Asenjo A. &amp; Vaz-De-Mello F. Z." box="[1095,1214,788,814]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref114107" refString="Chamorro W., Marin-Armijos D., Asenjo A. &amp; Vaz-De-Mello F. Z. 2019. Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 826.26488" type="journal article" year="2019">2019: 217</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E16130EB52D5EDFCFC90757E026E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3683694" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3683694" author="Hielkema A. J. &amp; Hielkema M. A." box="[235,626,823,849]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D7FF1CFFA0FF81FF48FD59334FFE35" page="106" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDFCFC90757E026E" author="Hielkema A. J. &amp; Hielkema M. A." box="[235,626,823,849]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref124225" refString="Hielkema A. J. &amp; Hielkema M. A. 2019. An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas. Insecta Mundi 732 (732): 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2019">Hielkema &amp; Hielkema 2019: 106</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue for the
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EE47FC9074A6026E" box="[848,938,823,849]" name="Guyana" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Guiana</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB30EB52D5EDAAFCDF76F40548" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFCDF765A02AD" blockId="177.[189,342,888,914]" box="[189,342,888,914]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<heading id="CE0E701C30EB52D5EDAAFCDF765A02AD" bold="true" box="[189,342,888,914]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EDAAFCDF765A02AD" bold="true" box="[189,342,888,914]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFC0075F702FD" blockId="177.[189,763,935,962]" box="[189,763,935,962]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EDAAFC00763802FE" box="[189,308,935,961]" name="Colombia" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EC28FC0076B702FE" box="[319,443,935,961]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5ECD1FC00751D02FE" box="[454,529,935,961]" name="Brazil" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EF0BFC00758C02FE" box="[540,640,935,961]" name="Ecuador" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EFAAFC0F75FB02FD" box="[701,759,936,962]" name="Peru" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFC4F76E1053C" blockId="177.[189,493,1000,1027]" box="[189,493,1000,1027]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<heading id="CE0E701C30EB52D5EDAAFC4F76E1053C" bold="true" box="[189,493,1000,1027]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EDAAFC4F76E1053C" bold="true" box="[189,493,1000,1027]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
Subregions of
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EC78FC4E76E1053C" box="[367,493,1001,1027]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFBB076F40548" blockId="177.[189,1399,1047,1144]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
Peneplain of the Caura and Paragua rivers, Peneplain of the Casiquiare
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5E918FBB0735C050E" box="[1039,1104,1047,1073]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">River</collectingRegion>
Upper Orinoco, System of hills and low piedmont mountains of the Guiana Shield, Andes mountains, Central
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5E9ADFB9D73F1056B" box="[1210,1277,1082,1108]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Coast</collectingRegion>
Mountain Range, and Guiana Shield.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB30EB52D5EDAAFB3875830484" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFB3876A80586" blockId="177.[189,420,1183,1209]" box="[189,420,1183,1209]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<heading id="CE0E701C30EB52D5EDAAFB3876A80586" bold="true" box="[189,420,1183,1209]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EDAAFB3876A80586" bold="true" box="[189,420,1183,1209]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Literature records</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C77030EB52D5EDAAFB6A75830484" blockId="177.[188,1400,1229,1467]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDAAFB6A768F05D7" author="Blanco J." box="[189,387,1229,1256]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="39 - 48" refId="ref111584" refString="Blanco J. 1988. Catalogo de los Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera) coprofagos y necrofagos, del Estado Tachira. Venezuela. Revista Cientifica Unet 2 (1): 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1988">Blanco 1988: 45</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EC83FB6A751F05D8" box="[404,531,1229,1255]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EF37FB6A757305D8" box="[544,639,1229,1255]" country="Venezuela" name="Tachira" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Táchira</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EFADFB69730505D7" author="Martinez A. &amp; Martinez A." box="[698,1033,1229,1256]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="159 - 163" refId="ref130132" refString="Martinez A. &amp; Martinez A. 1990. Dos nuevas especies de Ateuchus Weber (Col. Scarab. Ateuchina). Boletin de Entomologia Venezolana (N. S.) 5 (20): 159 - 163." type="journal article" year="1990">Martínez &amp; Clavijo 1990: 7</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5E90DFB6A739505D8" box="[1050,1177,1229,1255]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
: Territorio Federal de
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EDF7FB56766D0434" box="[224,353,1265,1291]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EC81FB56757A0434" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[406,630,1265,1291]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref117482" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus MacLeay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Contributions in Science 443: 1 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 208079" type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994: 21</bibRefCitation>
, 24, 101 (
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EFFFFB56746B0434" box="[744,871,1265,1291]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EE67FB5674E30434" box="[880,1007,1265,1291]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EEEDFB56735E0434" box="[1018,1106,1265,1291]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5E99DFB5673E50434" box="[1162,1257,1265,1291]" country="Venezuela" name="Tachira" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Táchira</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E809FB5676340411" author="Arnaud P." pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref109736" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Les Coleopteres du Monde, Vol. 28. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury, England." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 82</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EC59FAB376C10411" box="[334,461,1300,1326]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5ECCBFAB375570411" box="[476,603,1300,1326]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EF7DFAB375CF0411" box="[618,707,1300,1326]" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Aragua</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EFC2FAB374230411" box="[725,815,1300,1326]" country="Venezuela" name="Tachira" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Táchira</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EE64FAB374DC0411" box="[883,976,1300,1326]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E904FAB373EF0411" author="Gamez J." box="[1043,1251,1300,1326]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="43 - 60" refId="ref119830" refString="Gamez J. 2004 (&quot; 2002 &quot;). Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de la Cordillera de los Andes, depresion de Maracaibo y Llanos de Venezuela. Memoria de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales 158: 43 - 60." type="journal article" year="2004">Gámez 2004: 48</bibRefCitation>
, 53, 57, 59 (
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EDD2FA907648046E" box="[197,324,1335,1361]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
: Cordillera de Los Andes,
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EF91FA9075E9046E" box="[646,741,1335,1361]" country="Venezuela" name="Tachira" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Táchira</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EE36FA9074E2046E" author="Vitolo A." box="[801,1006,1335,1361]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="277 - 318" refId="ref141259" refString="Vitolo A. 2004. Escarabajos estercoleros de la tribu Phanaeini de Colombia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae). In: Fernandez F., Andrade M. G. &amp; Amat G. D. (eds) Insectos de Colombia 3: 277 - 318. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota." type="book chapter" year="2004">Vítolo 2004: 283</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EEE8FA907372046E" box="[1023,1150,1335,1361]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E99CFA90724F046E" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[1163,1347,1335,1361]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref117482" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus MacLeay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Contributions in Science 443: 1 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 208079" type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994</bibRefCitation>
). — Noriega
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EC32FAFC766D044B" box="[293,353,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2009: 406 (
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5ECE2FAFD7578044B" box="[501,628,1370,1396]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EF68FAFC75F2044A" box="[639,766,1371,1397]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EE1DFAFC746F044A" box="[778,867,1371,1397]" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Aragua</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5EE66FAFD74C5044B" box="[881,969,1370,1396]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5E912FAFD7353044B" box="[1029,1119,1370,1396]" country="Venezuela" name="Tachira" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Táchira</collectingRegion>
states). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5E9FEFAFD767C04A7" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref117698" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012: 12</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EC68FADA76F304A8" box="[383,511,1405,1431]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EF25FAD9748A04A7" author="Gamez J. &amp; Acconcia R." box="[562,902,1405,1432]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="65 - 75" refId="ref120046" refString="Gamez J. &amp; Acconcia R. 2018. Escarabajos coprofagos y necrofagos (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini) del flanco andino llanero, piedemonte y llanos, com el reporte de nuevos registros para los estados de Barina y Merida (Venezuela). Revista Gaditana de Entomologia 9 (1): 65 - 75." type="journal article" year="2018">Gámez &amp; Acconcia 2018: 65</bibRefCitation>
, 73 (
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EEABFADA733704A8" box="[956,1083,1405,1431]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5E952FADA73D304A7" box="[1093,1247,1405,1432]" country="Venezuela" name="Barinas" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Barinas state</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D099230EB52D5E9FDFADA724B04A8" box="[1258,1351,1405,1431]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA8130EB52D5EDABFA0676FF0484" author="Chamorro W. &amp; Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Asenjo A. &amp; Vaz-De-Mello F. Z." box="[188,499,1441,1467]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref114107" refString="Chamorro W., Marin-Armijos D., Asenjo A. &amp; Vaz-De-Mello F. Z. 2019. Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 826.26488" type="journal article" year="2019">
Chamorro
<emphasis id="A78D1B6230EB52D5EC2CFA05767A0484" box="[315,374,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2019: 217
</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E030EB52D5EF14FA06758F0484" box="[515,643,1441,1467]" name="Venezuela" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>