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<document id="92BE36A565851169B46C5DCAC11CE065" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.959.2677" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13945464" ID-ZooBank="30872C13-516F-42FA-AFA7-30ADC6BF1BAF" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1729166637250" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rosa, Cecilia Lozano De La, Cupello, Mario &amp; Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2024" docId="1D507666309052AEEF30FEAF73550480" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.959.1-272.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 959 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2677/12401" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Sulcophanaeus steinheili" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="203" masterDocId="E1690E1E305A5264ED17FFA7770C013F" masterDocTitle="The dung beetles of Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): catalogue and updated distribution" masterLastPageNumber="272" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="203" updateTime="1731448566654" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="C45242D87FE6657F54ADDCEA4F7AA8BC">The dung beetles of Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): catalogue and updated distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="12C395AF83E81B682502E0321D20EB28">Rosa, Cecilia Lozano De La</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="18951B372DB62BC398114CA734B14B66">Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Centro de Estudios Botánicos y Agroforestales, Laboratorio de Ecología Espacial, Maracaibo, estado Zulia, Venezuela.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CDA5EB00209D5FA6DE3590F631DCA0B8" type="email">lozanoceci@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FA7BE48F5EDA52DA0CF1DEF50ED6B285">Cupello, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B013BD621166405CE2CDD91D6980B625">Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Currently at Department of Entomology, Texas A &amp; M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="315EBC8958980B46E0AFFDB6DE593750" type="email">mcupello@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E35E2ED8CB3704D950F7FDB482BA4750">Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6995DE2E2F788BD98FB08F23A1D1854C">Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A4495A7C2F95CC35A6125E52F67AF618" type="email">vazdemello@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="B38204605C8419D3E72E28D4BDC6914E">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="DDE394FB309052AEEF30FEAF7300001B" box="[551,1036,264,292]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEF30FEAF7300001B" blockId="202.[551,1036,264,328]" box="[551,1036,264,292]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<heading id="CE0E701C309052AEEF30FEAF7300001B" box="[551,1036,264,292]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3309052AEEF30FEAF7300001B" ID-CoL="53FH4" authority="(Harold, 1875)" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[551,1036,264,292]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sulcophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEF30FEAF745B001C" bold="true" box="[551,855,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Sulcophanaeus steinheili</emphasis>
(Harold, 1875)
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</paragraph>
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<figureCitation id="0DC2DBF5309052AEEFF1FE8A74410077" box="[742,845,301,328]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="201.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[277,1302,279,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-11@201.[265,1323,266,1904]" captionTargetPageId="201" captionText="Fig. 75.Species distribution. A. Sulcophanaeus leander (Waterhouse, 1891). B. Sulcophanaeus steinheili (Harold, 1875). Green diamond = CEMT collection data; black circle = literature data." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13945672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13945672/files/figure.png" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Fig. 75B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB309052AEEDAAFED776240213" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFED773890091" blockId="202.[189,1399,368,431]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E309052AEEDAAFED773890091" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEDAAFED7758400B5" author="Harold E." box="[189,648,368,395]" page="213" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1875">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3309052AEEDAAFED7758400B5" ID-CoL="4FSNT" authority="Harold, 1875 c: 213" authorityName="Harold" authorityPageNumber="213" authorityYear="1875" box="[189,648,368,395]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFED776AF00B5" box="[189,419,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Phanaeus steinheili</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEECBFFED7758400B5" author="Harold E." box="[424,648,368,395]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="209 - 218" refId="ref123807" refString="Harold E. 1875 c. Neue Coprophagen. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 19 (1): 209 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18750190116" type="journal article" year="1875">Harold, 1875c: 213</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description). Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEE92FFED773BC00B5" box="[1080,1200,368,394]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D0992309052AEE9AEFED7721100B5" box="[1209,1309,368,394]" country="Colombia" name="Quindio" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Quindío</collectingRegion>
. Name-bearing type:
<typeStatus id="4A4279D2309052AEEC9BFE3376F40091" box="[396,504,404,430]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(MNHN), designated by
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEE35FE3374DF0091" author="Arnaud P." box="[802,979,404,430]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEE35FE3374DF0091" author="Arnaud P." box="[802,979,404,430]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="113 - 118" refId="ref109632" refString="Arnaud P. 1982. Liste des types de Phanaeini du Museum national d'Historie naturelle de Paris. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 4 (3): 113 - 118." type="journal article" year="1982">Arnaud (1982)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, not examined.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFE7274E800D0" blockId="202.[189,1400,469,812]" box="[189,996,469,495]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E309052AEEDAAFE7274E800D0" box="[189,996,469,495]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFE7276B600D0" box="[189,442,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3309052AEEDAAFE7276A800D0" ID-CoL="4FSNT" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1875" box="[189,420,469,495]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">Phanaeus steinheili</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEECD6FE72758C00D0" author="Gillet J. J. E." box="[449,640,469,495]" page="86" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1911">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEECD6FE72758C00D0" author="Gillet J. J. E." box="[449,640,469,495]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" refId="ref121235" refString="Gillet J. J. E. 1911 b. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 38: Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. W. Junk, Berlin. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48405679 [accesseed 16 Feb. 2024]." type="url" year="1911">Gillet 1911b: 86</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog, cited for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEE49FE7274DB00D0" box="[862,983,469,495]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFE5E727B032C" blockId="202.[189,1400,469,812]" box="[189,1399,504,531]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E309052AEEDAAFE5E727B032C" box="[189,1399,504,531]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3309052AEEDAAFE5E7561032C" ID-CoL="6MRP" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" box="[189,621,505,531]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFE5E763D032C" box="[189,305,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Phanaeus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEC57FE5E76EA032C" box="[320,486,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Sulcophanaeu</emphasis>
s)
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEF16FE5E7561032C" box="[513,621,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">steinheili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEF90FE5E7488032C" author="d'Olsoufieff G." box="[647,900,505,531]" page="79" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEF90FE5E7488032C" author="d'Olsoufieff G." box="[647,900,505,531]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref134049" refString="d'Olsoufieff G. 1924. Les Phanaeides, Famille Scarabaeidae. Tr. Coprini Insecta. Revue Illustree d'Entomologie 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">dOlsoufieff 1924: 79</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 135, 146 (key, redescription, distribution).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFDBB76240213" blockId="202.[189,1400,469,812]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E309052AEEDAAFDBB76240213" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3309052AEEDAAFDBB76E60309" ID-CoL="53FH4" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[189,490,540,566]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sulcophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFDBB76E60309" box="[189,490,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Sulcophanaeus steinheili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEF00FDBB74350309" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[535,825,540,566]" page="209" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEF00FDBB74350309" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[535,825,540,566]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="189 - 341" refId="ref111083" refString="Blackwelder R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin 185: 189 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.2" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 209</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cited for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEEDBFDBB73490309" box="[972,1093,540,566]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEE99BFDBB766A0365" author="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S." page="572" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEE99BFDBB766A0365" author="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S." pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="533 - 603" refId="ref141365" refString="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera). Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica 5: 533 - 603." type="journal article" year="1967">Vulcano &amp; Pereira 1967: 572</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key for the Amazon). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEFACFD9874B80366" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[699,948,575,601]" page="822" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEFACFD9874B80366" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[699,948,575,601]" firstAuthor="Edmonds" journalOrPublisher="The University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="731 - 874" part="49" refId="ref117282" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1972. Comparative skeletal morphology, systematics and evolution of the Phanaeine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 49: 731 - 874." title="Comparative skeletal morphology, systematics and evolution of the Phanaeine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)" type="journal article" year="1972">Edmonds 1972: 822</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 824825 (comments);
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEE9CEFD9872440366" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[1241,1352,575,601]" page="33" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEE9CEFD9872440366" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[1241,1352,575,601]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref117538" refString="Edmonds W. D. 2000. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sulcophanaeus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 6: 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="2000">2000: 33</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 36 (key, diagnosis, distribution). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEF62FDC574430342" author="Arnaud P." box="[629,847,610,637]" page="115" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEF62FDC574430342" author="Arnaud P." box="[629,847,610,637]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="113 - 118" refId="ref109632" refString="Arnaud P. 1982. Liste des types de Phanaeini du Museum national d'Historie naturelle de Paris. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 4 (3): 113 - 118." type="journal article" year="1982">Arnaud 1982: 115</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(list of MNHN
<typeStatus id="4A4279D2309052AEE901FDC573550343" box="[1046,1113,610,636]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">types</typeStatus>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEE982FDC5727A0343" author="Escobar F." box="[1173,1398,610,636]" page="210" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEE982FDC5727A0343" author="Escobar F." box="[1173,1398,610,636]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="197 - 210" refId="ref118039" refString="Escobar F. 2000. Diversidad y distribution de los escarabajos del estiercol (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. In: Martin-Piera F., Morrone J. J. &amp; Melic A. (eds.) Hacia un proyecto CYTED para el Inventario y Estimacion de la Diversidad Entomologica en Iberoamerica: PRIBES- 2000: 197 - 210. m 3 m: Monografias Tercer Milenio, vol. 1. Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (SEA), Zaragoza." type="book chapter" year="2000">Escobar 2000: 210</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEC98FD22750403A0" box="[399,520,645,671]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEF56FD217467039F" author="Gamez J. &amp; Mora E." box="[577,875,646,672]" page="17" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEF56FD217467039F" author="Gamez J. &amp; Mora E." box="[577,875,646,672]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="3 - 16" refId="ref120147" refString="Gamez J. &amp; Mora E. 2000. Aspectos autoecologicos y distribucion local de Phanaeus (Phanaeus) prasinus Harold, 1868 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Venezuela. Memorias de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales 60 (153): 3 - 16." type="journal article" year="2000">Gámez &amp; Mora 2000: 17</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(list). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEEC8FD2273A5039F" author="Vitolo A. L." box="[991,1193,645,672]" page="595" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEEC8FD2273A5039F" author="Vitolo A. L." box="[991,1193,645,672]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="591 - 601" refId="ref141219" refString="Vitolo A. L. 2000. Clave para la identificacion de los generos y especies Phanaeinas de Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales 24 (93): 591 - 601." type="journal article" year="2000">Vítolo 2000: 595</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key);
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEE817FD21727A039F" author="Vitolo A." box="[1280,1398,646,672]" page="281" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEE817FD21727A039F" author="Vitolo A." box="[1280,1398,646,672]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="277 - 318" refId="ref141259" refString="Vitolo A. 2004. Escarabajos estercoleros de la tribu Phanaeini de Colombia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae). In: Fernandez F., Andrade M. G. &amp; Amat G. D. (eds) Insectos de Colombia 3: 277 - 318. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota." type="book chapter" year="2004">2004: 281</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(diagnosis, distribution for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEF38FD0E75A403FC" box="[559,680,681,707]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEFF5FD0E74C503FC" author="Arnaud P." box="[738,969,681,707]" page="144" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEFF5FD0E74C503FC" author="Arnaud P." box="[738,969,681,707]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" refId="ref109736" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Les Coleopteres du Monde, Vol. 28. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury, England." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 144</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(key). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEE950FD0E720203FC" author="Gamez J." box="[1095,1294,681,707]" page="48" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEE950FD0E720203FC" author="Gamez J." box="[1095,1294,681,707]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="43 - 60" refId="ref119830" refString="Gamez J. 2004 (&quot; 2002 &quot;). Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de la Cordillera de los Andes, depresion de Maracaibo y Llanos de Venezuela. Memoria de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales 158: 43 - 60." type="journal article" year="2004">Gámez 2004: 48</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 58 (list, distribution). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEECA2FD6B75DE03D9" author="Noriega J. A. &amp; Solis C. &amp; Escobar F. &amp; Realpe E." box="[437,722,716,742]" page="83" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEECA2FD6B75DE03D9" author="Noriega J. A. &amp; Solis C. &amp; Escobar F. &amp; Realpe E." box="[437,722,716,742]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="77 - 86" refId="ref132574" refString="Noriega J. A., Solis C., Escobar F. &amp; Realpe E. 2007. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) de la provincia de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Biota Colombiana 8 (1): 77 - 86." type="journal article" year="2007">
Noriega
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEF08FD6A755103D9" box="[543,605,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
2007: 83
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(list for
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEE55FD6B74B703D9" box="[834,955,716,742]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEEEDFD6B727A03D9" author="Pulido-Herrera L. A. &amp; Zunino M." box="[1018,1398,716,742]" page="307" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEEEDFD6B727A03D9" author="Pulido-Herrera L. A. &amp; Zunino M." box="[1018,1398,716,742]" firstAuthor="Pulido-Herrera" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" refId="ref136342" refString="Pulido-Herrera L. A. &amp; Zunino M. 2007. Catalogo preliminar de los Onthophagini de America (Coleoptera: Scarabaeine [sic]). In: Zunino M. &amp; Melic A. (eds) Escarabajos, Diversidad y Conservacion Biologica. Ensayos en Homenaje a Gonzalo Halffter: 93 - 129. Monografias 3 ercer Milenio m 3 m Vol. 7, Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, Zaragoza." type="book" year="2007">
Pulido-Herrera
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEE9A3FD6A73FE03D9" box="[1204,1266,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
2007: 307
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Andean region of
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEECD9FD48754B0236" box="[462,583,751,777]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161309052AEEF94FD4874DF0236" author="Gamez J. &amp; Acconcia R." box="[643,979,751,777]" page="4" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEF94FD4874DF0236" author="Gamez J. &amp; Acconcia R." box="[643,979,751,777]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref120105" refString="Gamez J. &amp; Acconcia R. 2020. Nueva localidad de escarabajos coprofagos (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini) para la Sierra de Perija, estado Zulia, Venezuela. Revista Nicaraguense de Entomologia 201: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2020">Gámez &amp; Acconcia 2020: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 7, 10, 13 (comments, distribution, key).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB309052AEEDAAFCF474E30539" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFCF476A60252" blockId="202.[189,426,851,877]" box="[189,426,851,877]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<heading id="CE0E701C309052AEEDAAFCF476A60252" bold="true" box="[189,426,851,877]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFCF476A60252" bold="true" box="[189,426,851,877]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFC2574E30539" blockId="202.[188,1399,898,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<materialsCitation id="2591CD2D309052AEEDAAFC2573AA02A3" box="[189,1190,898,925]" collectingDate="1996-12" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="J. Gamez" country="Venezuela" location="Solia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Zulia">
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEDAAFC25766702A3" box="[189,363,898,924]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="83FF0CF9309052AEEC92FC2576D002A2" box="[389,476,898,925]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<location id="902691AB309052AEECF0FC25752F02A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D507666309052AEEF30FEAF73550480:902691AB309052AEECF0FC25752F02A3" box="[487,547,898,924]" country="Venezuela" name="Solia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" stateProvince="Zulia">Solia</location>
[Zulia, misspelling];
<date id="E147E1B0309052AEEE09FC24749502A3" box="[798,921,898,925]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-12">
<collectingDate id="F1031858309052AEEE09FC24749502A3" box="[798,921,898,925]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-12">Dec. 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="380CA2A6309052AEEEB3FC24730302A3" box="[932,1039,898,925]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">J. Gaméz</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="F3E85FB5309052AEE958FC2573AE02A3" box="[1103,1186,898,924]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">CEMT</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2591CD2D309052AEE9BBFC24755A02FF" collectingDate="1996-11-01" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="J. Gamez" country="Venezuela" location="Zulia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Zulia">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEE9D6FC25720802A3" bold="true" box="[1217,1284,898,924]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<collectingRegion id="573D0992309052AEE9D6FC25720802A3" box="[1217,1284,898,924]" country="Venezuela" name="Zulia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Zulia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="83FF0CF9309052AEE80DFC25727E02A2" box="[1306,1394,898,925]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<date id="E147E1B0309052AEEDAAFC0176420280" box="[189,334,933,960]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-11-01">
<collectingDate id="F1031858309052AEEDAAFC0176420280" box="[189,334,933,960]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-11-01">1 Nov. 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="380CA2A6309052AEEC4EFC0176C902FF" box="[345,453,934,960]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">J. Gamez</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="F3E85FB5309052AEEF12FC01755A02FF" box="[517,598,934,960]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">CEMT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2591CD2D309052AEEF7BFC0176B902DC" collectedFrom="pasture" collectingDate="1996-02-20" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="Jorge Gamez" country="Venezuela" elevation="70" location="Colon" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="83FF0CF9309052AEEF7BFC0175CC02FF" box="[620,704,934,960]" count="1" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="902691AB309052AEEFDCFC02741A0280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D507666309052AEEF30FEAF73550480:902691AB309052AEEFDCFC02741A0280" box="[715,790,933,959]" country="Venezuela" name="Colon" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colón</location>
,
<location id="902691AB309052AEEE37FC0274A40280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D507666309052AEEF30FEAF73550480:902691AB309052AEEE37FC0274A40280" box="[800,936,933,959]" country="Venezuela" name="El Caracoli" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">El Caracolí</location>
;
<elevation id="1ED42043309052AEEEA5FC0173260280" box="[946,1066,933,960]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="70.0">
<quantity id="52016A95309052AEEEA5FC0174E102FF" box="[946,1005,934,960]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="E147E1B0309052AEE92FFC0173DF0280" box="[1080,1235,933,960]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-02-20">
<collectingDate id="F1031858309052AEE92FFC0173DF0280" box="[1080,1235,933,960]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-02-20">20 Feb. 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="380CA2A6309052AEE9C9FC01727A02FF" box="[1246,1398,934,960]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Jorge Gámez</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="26E5848D309052AEEDEBFC6E765902DC" box="[252,341,969,995]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">pasture</collectedFrom>
;
<collectionCode id="F3E85FB5309052AEEC73FC6E76B902DC" box="[356,437,969,995]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">CEMT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2591CD2D309052AEECC1FC6E74E70539" collectedFrom="pasture" collectingDate="1996-02-20" collectingMethod="cow dung" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="J. Gamez &amp; E. Moza" country="Venezuela" county="Colon" elevation="40" location="Km 36 via Santa Barbara" municipality="Km" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="83FF0CF9309052AEECC1FC6E752202DC" box="[470,558,969,995]" count="1" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="7C27BFFC309052AEEF29FC6E758502DC" box="[574,649,969,995]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colón</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="902691AB309052AEEF8EFC6E74DD02DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D507666309052AEEF30FEAF73550480:902691AB309052AEEF8EFC6E74DD02DC" box="[665,977,968,995]" country="Venezuela" county="Colon" municipality="Km" name="Km 36 via Santa Barbara" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Km 36 vía Santa Barbara</location>
,
<location id="902691AB309052AEEEF3FC6E73D202DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D507666309052AEEF30FEAF73550480:902691AB309052AEEEF3FC6E73D202DC" box="[996,1246,969,995]" country="Venezuela" county="Colon" municipality="Km" name="Hacienda Santa Ana" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Hacienda Santa Ana</location>
;
<elevation id="1ED42043309052AEE9FAFC6E727C02DC" box="[1261,1392,969,995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="40.0">
<quantity id="52016A95309052AEE9FAFC6E722102DC" box="[1261,1325,969,995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="E147E1B0309052AEEDAAFC4B76560539" box="[189,346,1004,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-02-20">
<collectingDate id="F1031858309052AEEDAAFC4B76560539" box="[189,346,1004,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" value="1996-02-20">20 Feb. 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="380CA2A6309052AEEC71FC4B76D80539" box="[358,468,1004,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">J. Gaméz</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="380CA2A6309052AEEF1AFC4B757C0539" box="[525,624,1004,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">E. Moza</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="4CB8BF67309052AEEFA5FC4B74240539" box="[690,808,1004,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">cow dung</collectingMethod>
,
<collectedFrom id="26E5848D309052AEEE23FC4B74810539" box="[820,909,1004,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">pasture</collectedFrom>
;
<collectionCode id="F3E85FB5309052AEEE8FFC4B74E70539" box="[920,1003,1004,1030]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">CEMT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB309052AEEDAAFB8A755A05D9" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFB8A765A0578" blockId="202.[189,342,1069,1095]" box="[189,342,1069,1095]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<heading id="CE0E701C309052AEEDAAFB8A765A0578" bold="true" box="[189,342,1069,1095]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFB8A765A0578" bold="true" box="[189,342,1069,1095]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFBFB76E60549" blockId="202.[189,490,1116,1142]" box="[189,490,1116,1142]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEDAAFBFB763D0549" box="[189,305,1116,1142]" name="Colombia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEC7EFBFB76EA0549" box="[361,486,1116,1142]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFB3A76E10588" blockId="202.[189,493,1181,1207]" box="[189,493,1181,1207]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<heading id="CE0E701C309052AEEDAAFB3A76E10588" bold="true" box="[189,493,1181,1207]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFB3A76E10588" bold="true" box="[189,493,1181,1207]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
Subregions of
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEC78FB3A76E10588" box="[367,493,1181,1207]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFB6B755A05D9" blockId="202.[189,598,1228,1254]" box="[189,598,1228,1254]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Maracaibo Depression, and Plains.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB309052AEEDAAFAAA73550480" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFAAA76A80418" blockId="202.[189,420,1293,1319]" box="[189,420,1293,1319]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<heading id="CE0E701C309052AEEDAAFAAA76A80418" bold="true" box="[189,420,1293,1319]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A78D1B62309052AEEDAAFAAA76A80418" bold="true" box="[189,420,1293,1319]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Literature records</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9546C770309052AEEDAAFA9B73550480" blockId="202.[189,1399,1340,1471]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEDAAFA9B75130468" author="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[189,543,1340,1367]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="533 - 603" refId="ref141365" refString="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera). Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica 5: 533 - 603." type="journal article" year="1967">Vulcano &amp; Pereira 1967: 572</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEF27FA9B75BC0469" box="[560,688,1340,1366]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEFFAFA9B74C30469" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[749,975,1340,1366]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref117538" refString="Edmonds W. D. 2000. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sulcophanaeus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 6: 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="2000">Edmonds 2000: 36</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEEF6FA9B736C0469" box="[993,1120,1340,1366]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D0992309052AEE979FA9B73A00469" box="[1134,1196,1340,1366]" country="Venezuela" name="Zulia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Zulia</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="573D0992309052AEE9FEFA9B724F0469" box="[1257,1347,1340,1366]" country="Venezuela" name="Merida" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Mérida</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEDAAFAF876EB0446" author="Gamez J. &amp; Mora E." box="[189,487,1375,1401]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="3 - 16" refId="ref120147" refString="Gamez J. &amp; Mora E. 2000. Aspectos autoecologicos y distribucion local de Phanaeus (Phanaeus) prasinus Harold, 1868 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Venezuela. Memorias de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales 60 (153): 3 - 16." type="journal article" year="2000">Gámez &amp; Mora 2000: 17</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEECE0FAF8757B0446" box="[503,631,1375,1401]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEFB8FAF874980446" author="Arnaud P." box="[687,916,1375,1401]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" refId="ref109736" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Les Coleopteres du Monde, Vol. 28. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury, England." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 144</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEEB3FAF8732F0446" box="[932,1059,1375,1401]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D0992309052AEE938FAF8737E0446" box="[1071,1138,1375,1401]" country="Venezuela" name="Zulia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Zulia</collectingRegion>
). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEE9BBFAF8727E0446" author="Gamez J." box="[1196,1394,1375,1401]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="43 - 60" refId="ref119830" refString="Gamez J. 2004 (&quot; 2002 &quot;). Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de la Cordillera de los Andes, depresion de Maracaibo y Llanos de Venezuela. Memoria de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales 158: 43 - 60." type="journal article" year="2004">Gámez 2004: 48</bibRefCitation>
, 58 (
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEEDF9FA25766104A3" box="[238,365,1410,1436]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="573D0992309052AEEC6BFA2576B204A3" box="[380,446,1410,1436]" country="Venezuela" name="Zulia" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Zulia</collectingRegion>
: Colón: Hacienda Santa Ana). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEEE76FA25733D04A3" author="Vitolo A." box="[865,1073,1410,1436]" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="277 - 318" refId="ref141259" refString="Vitolo A. 2004. Escarabajos estercoleros de la tribu Phanaeini de Colombia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae). In: Fernandez F., Andrade M. G. &amp; Amat G. D. (eds) Insectos de Colombia 3: 277 - 318. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota." type="book chapter" year="2004">Vítolo 2004: 281</bibRefCitation>
(
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). —
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81309052AEE815FA2576960480" author="Gamez J. &amp; Acconcia R." pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref120105" refString="Gamez J. &amp; Acconcia R. 2020. Nueva localidad de escarabajos coprofagos (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini) para la Sierra de Perija, estado Zulia, Venezuela. Revista Nicaraguense de Entomologia 201: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2020">Gámez &amp; Acconcia 2020: 10</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0309052AEECBDFA0275250480" box="[426,553,1445,1471]" name="Venezuela" pageId="202" pageNumber="203">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
: south of Lake Maracaibo and Sierra de Perijá).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>