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<document id="82D3721FE79EDDD39831D063A92DF7C1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7666078" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666078" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677088954850" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Spiegel, Didier Van den, Golovatch, Sergei I. &amp; Hamer, and Michelle L." docDate="2002" docId="1A76E76B4079FC1D02C7FECB7276D389" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.43.1.143–181.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 43" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sphaerotherium obtusum C. L. Koch 1847" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="166" masterDocId="E64F9F13406CFC0A0363FFFF7100D26E" masterDocTitle="Revision of some of the oldest species in the millipede genus Sphaerotherium Brandt, 1833 (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Sphaerotheriidae), with new synonymies" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="143" pageNumber="164" updateTime="1699455173288" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="0561E9697CFAD9BE8C9722E509BEF7C4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A0C4627EAA915B979EB0A2E37D337C53">
<mods:title id="91914A70464DEA941231A9D63F6DE665">Revision of some of the oldest species in the millipede genus Sphaerotherium Brandt, 1833 (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Sphaerotheriidae), with new synonymies</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="6C11136DE44167DCC093EC41CBE233E3">Spiegel, Didier Van den</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D74D031BD25DE0CF38E8400797D4074A">Golovatch, Sergei I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role id="D0F3696C6AE696E0B2C810D95270BA4D">
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<mods:namePart id="2548F66461B4C356D4FEBBFC4B1EFD5E">Hamer, and Michelle L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="00AB090BC56C642BBC3BAD3E42921FD7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B6C4A65B73815D7AFBA416ABE5B41607">
<mods:title id="7738D226668C9F9A22B1854EF4D6BC71">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="89E92E7586C2FD15020C8239512D0D3B">
<mods:date id="890A7A80553908B7A82601652962D7A7">2002</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DFC09DE9F93BF2DE9501683A1E80D54B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7949C0C7CEEC702D59CF0CC438F4552F">2002-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="01B265F12634C6DFCC56DF69313843CF" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0718F755ADC86728CB43929133179121">43</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="276144D2EA303F366AF470F93F0BD067">143</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="1ADCA08EE19CA89A2775858EE1F969D6" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1A76E76B4079FC1D02C7FECB7276D389" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666620" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666620" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A76E76B4079FC1D02C7FECB7276D389" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A76E76B4079FC1D02C7FECB7276D389" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<subSubSection id="DAC505F64079FC1F02C7FECB7287D323" box="[420,903,308,333]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F02C7FECB7287D323" blockId="21.[181,903,308,406]" box="[420,903,308,333]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<heading id="C928E1114079FC1F02C7FECB7287D323" box="[420,903,308,333]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F02C7FECB7287D323" ID-CoL="4YSRH" authority="C. L. Koch, 1847" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[420,903,308,333]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F02C7FECB73BED322" box="[420,702,308,332]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Sphaerotherium obtusum</emphasis>
C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C4079FC1F0067FECB7287D323" author="KOCH, C. L." box="[772,903,308,333]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref16988" refString="KOCH, C. L. 1847. System der Myriapoden, mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. In: Panzer, G. W. F. &amp; Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W., eds, Kritische Revision der Insectenfaune Deutschlands. Regensburg: Pustet. 3: 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="1847">Koch, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAC505F64079FC1F0125FEA373E5D31B" box="[582,741,348,373]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="description">
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F0125FEA373E5D31B" blockId="21.[181,903,308,406]" box="[582,741,348,373]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F0125FEA373BED31B" box="[582,702,348,373]" captionStart="Figs 31" captionStartId="22.[143,182,1569,1589]" captionTargetBox="[148,1096,211,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-14@22.[120,1123,209,1602]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 31a–i. Sphaerotherium obtusum (a–c, e, g, ^ holotype). a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect; c: endotergum; d: lateral aspect of posterior part of Ò; e: leg 9; f: posterior aspect of anterior telopod; g: cyphopod; h: posterior view of apical part of telopod; i: anterior aspect of posterior telopod." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666103/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Figs 31a–i</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F01AAFEA373E5D31B" box="[713,741,348,373]" captionStart="Figs 34–42" captionStartId="29.[182,221,1575,1595]" captionTargetBox="[289,1027,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-6@29.[265,1054,179,1585]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figs 34–42. Endotergum (SEM) in Sphaerotherium species. 34. S. compressum (^paralectotype). 35. S. dorsale (^ holotype). 36. S. elongatum (^ paralectotype). 37. S. giganteum (^ lectotype). 38. S. intermedium (^ holotype). 39. S. lichtensteinii (^ paralectotype). 40. S. obtusum (^ holotype). 41. S. punctatum (^ lectotype). 42. S. punctulatum (Ò lectotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666109/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">40</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAC505F64079FC1F03D6FE7D7388D3FB" box="[181,648,385,406]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FE7D7388D3FB" blockId="21.[181,903,308,406]" box="[181,648,385,406]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F03D6FE7D733ED3F8" ID-CoL="7Z4KZ" authority="C. L. Koch, 1847" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[181,574,386,406]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F03D6FE7D7098D3F8" box="[181,408,386,406]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Sphaerotherium grossum</emphasis>
C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C4079FC1F02B1FE7D733ED3F8" author="KOCH, C. L." box="[466,574,386,406]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref16988" refString="KOCH, C. L. 1847. System der Myriapoden, mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. In: Panzer, G. W. F. &amp; Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W., eds, Kritische Revision der Insectenfaune Deutschlands. Regensburg: Pustet. 3: 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="1847">Koch, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F0124FE7E7388D3FB" bold="true" box="[583,648,385,405]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Syn. n.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAC505F64079FC1D03D6FE4B7276D389" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FE4B7075D3A3" blockId="21.[181,1142,436,589]" box="[181,373,436,461]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Material studied:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FE2B71D9D063" blockId="21.[181,1142,436,589]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F03D6FE2B704FD382" box="[181,335,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Type material</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F023EFE2B70D7D382" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[349,471,468,492]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F023EFE2B70D7D382" box="[349,471,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">S. obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: ^
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204079FC1F0164FE2B752ED383" box="[519,1070,468,493]" country="South Africa" location="Caput Bonae Spei" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="4D64E8DF4079FC1F0164FE2B736CD383" box="[519,620,468,493]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="EAC816ED4079FC1F0115FE2B7205D383" box="[630,773,468,493]" name="South Africa" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="970000A64079FC1F0073FE2B72D9D383" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A76E76B4079FC1D02C7FECB7276D389:970000A64079FC1F0073FE2B72D9D383" box="[784,985,468,493]" country="South Africa" name="Caput Bonae Spei" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Western Cape">Caput Bonae Spei</location>
(
<collectingRegion id="501B989F4079FC1F0084FE2B7526D383" box="[999,1062,468,493]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Cape</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204079FC1F075AFE2B71D4D063" collectionCode="ZMB" country="South Africa" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="ZMB 58" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="C279FE064079FC1F075AFE2B71D4D063" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ZMB 58</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FDEB7501D043" blockId="21.[181,1142,436,589]" box="[181,1025,532,557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F03D6FDEB702FD042" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[181,303,532,556]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F03D6FDEB702FD042" box="[181,303,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">S. grossum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: ^
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204079FC1F0202FDEB728ED043" box="[353,910,532,557]" country="South Africa" location="Caput Bonae Spei" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="4D64E8DF4079FC1F0202FDEB70C6D043" box="[353,454,532,557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="EAC816ED4079FC1F02B2FDEB7362D043" box="[465,610,532,557]" name="South Africa" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="970000A64079FC1F010EFDEB7238D043" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A76E76B4079FC1D02C7FECB7276D389:970000A64079FC1F010EFDEB7238D043" box="[621,824,532,557]" country="South Africa" name="Caput Bonae Spei" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Western Cape">Caput Bonae Spei</location>
(
<collectingRegion id="501B989F4079FC1F0024FDEB7286D043" box="[839,902,532,557]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Cape</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204079FC1F00F9FDEB72FCD043" box="[922,1020,532,557]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="South Africa" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="ZMB 57" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="C279FE064079FC1F00F9FDEB72FCD043" box="[922,1020,532,557]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ZMB 57</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FDCB7565D023" blockId="21.[181,1142,436,589]" box="[181,1125,564,589]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F03D6FDCB705DD022" box="[181,349,564,588]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Other material</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F0208FDCB70E6D022" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[363,486,564,588]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F0208FDCB70E6D022" box="[363,486,564,588]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">S. obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 2Ò,
<collectingCountry id="EAC816ED4079FC1F0141FDCB73B3D023" box="[546,691,564,589]" name="South Africa" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, Port Elizabeth, A.
<collectionCode id="F4CECEB84079FC1F00EFFDCB72A0D023" box="[908,928,564,589]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">E</collectionCode>
. Craven; NMHL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FD937041D0EB" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" box="[181,321,620,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FD6B731AD0C3" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" box="[181,538,660,685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Total length
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F0220FD6B705DD0C2" box="[323,349,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">ca</emphasis>
30, width
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F02B6FD6B70EFD0C2" box="[469,495,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">ca</emphasis>
22.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FD4B7224D163" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Colour: Head, antennae and collum brown. Thoracic shield, tergites and pygidium light olive green to brown with numerous white punctures and bordered with dark brown along posterior margin. Underside and legs olive green.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FCEB70F0D1E3" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Head with piliferous punctures growing denser towards clypeus; gnathochilarium densely pilose. Both sides of labrum broadly rounded laterad, middle scarcely emarginate, with a single median tooth. Ocelli obvious, almost black. Antennae short, last segment with 13–17 apical sensory cones.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FC6B726CD1C3" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" box="[181,876,916,941]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Collum slightly punctate, with one row of setae along margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FC4B7074D183" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Thoracic shield smooth, brim relatively narrow, accompanied by a row of long setae; underside pilose.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FC0B723CD6E3" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Tergites without median keel, surface covered with white punctation and extremely short setae, mainly so in anterior one-third of tergite, posterior one-third smooth. Endotergum with about two rows of scaly marginal hairs not reaching margin; marginal ridge with neither a row of callosities nor a cuticular pattern, intersegmental membrane densely covered with long setae and cones (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F01C3FB8B7203D6E3" box="[672,771,1140,1165]" captionStart="Figs 31" captionStartId="22.[143,182,1569,1589]" captionTargetBox="[148,1096,211,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-14@22.[120,1123,209,1602]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 31a–i. Sphaerotherium obtusum (a–c, e, g, ^ holotype). a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect; c: endotergum; d: lateral aspect of posterior part of Ò; e: leg 9; f: posterior aspect of anterior telopod; g: cyphopod; h: posterior view of apical part of telopod; i: anterior aspect of posterior telopod." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666103/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Figs 31c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F006CFB8B722FD6E3" box="[783,815,1140,1165]" captionStart="Figs 34–42" captionStartId="29.[182,221,1575,1595]" captionTargetBox="[289,1027,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-6@29.[265,1054,179,1585]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figs 34–42. Endotergum (SEM) in Sphaerotherium species. 34. S. compressum (^paralectotype). 35. S. dorsale (^ holotype). 36. S. elongatum (^ paralectotype). 37. S. giganteum (^ lectotype). 38. S. intermedium (^ holotype). 39. S. lichtensteinii (^ paralectotype). 40. S. obtusum (^ holotype). 41. S. punctatum (^ lectotype). 42. S. punctulatum (Ò lectotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666109/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">40</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FB6B73FED6C3" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" box="[181,766,1172,1197]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Legs with a well-developed lobe on coxa (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F01F2FB6B73F1D6C3" box="[657,753,1172,1197]" captionStart="Figs 31" captionStartId="22.[143,182,1569,1589]" captionTargetBox="[148,1096,211,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-14@22.[120,1123,209,1602]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 31a–i. Sphaerotherium obtusum (a–c, e, g, ^ holotype). a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect; c: endotergum; d: lateral aspect of posterior part of Ò; e: leg 9; f: posterior aspect of anterior telopod; g: cyphopod; h: posterior view of apical part of telopod; i: anterior aspect of posterior telopod." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666103/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Fig. 31e</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FB4B70C5D6A2" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" box="[181,453,1204,1228]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F03D6FB4B70C5D6A2" box="[181,453,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Male sexual characters:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FB2B735BD683" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" box="[181,603,1236,1261]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Second pair of legs with a coxal lobe.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FB0B7388D7A3" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Anterior telopods with tarsus 2-segmented, distal outer surface beset with a series of well-developed sclerotised ridges, apical side of segment with two tactile spines (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F072BFAEB71DED723" captionStart="Figs 31" captionStartId="22.[143,182,1569,1589]" captionTargetBox="[148,1096,211,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-14@22.[120,1123,209,1602]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 31a–i. Sphaerotherium obtusum (a–c, e, g, ^ holotype). a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect; c: endotergum; d: lateral aspect of posterior part of Ò; e: leg 9; f: posterior aspect of anterior telopod; g: cyphopod; h: posterior view of apical part of telopod; i: anterior aspect of posterior telopod." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666103/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Fig. 31f</figureCitation>
). Posterior telopods with coxal horns slightly surpassing bristly lobes. Femur large, outer surface with strongly chitinised stridulatory organ. Lateral side of tibial process with two digitiform protuberances. Tarsus 2-segmented, a row of striated knobs on anterior side of both segments. Concavity with one finger-like lobe on first segment and one on second segment (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F029FFA4B737AD7A3" box="[508,634,1460,1485]" captionStart="Figs 31" captionStartId="22.[143,182,1569,1589]" captionTargetBox="[148,1096,211,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-14@22.[120,1123,209,1602]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 31a–i. Sphaerotherium obtusum (a–c, e, g, ^ holotype). a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect; c: endotergum; d: lateral aspect of posterior part of Ò; e: leg 9; f: posterior aspect of anterior telopod; g: cyphopod; h: posterior view of apical part of telopod; i: anterior aspect of posterior telopod." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666103/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Fig.
<quantity id="5527FB984079FC1F0152FA4B735DD7A3" box="[561,605,1460,1485]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" unit="g" value="31.0">31g</quantity>
, h
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FA2B70E0D782" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" box="[181,480,1492,1516]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F03D6FA2B70E0D782" box="[181,480,1492,1516]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Female sexual characters:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03D6FA0B7026D443" blockId="21.[181,1142,620,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Second pairs of legs with a coxal lobe. Cyphopod with an almost triangular operculum (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84079FC1F03DDF9EB7019D443" box="[190,281,1556,1581]" captionStart="Figs 31" captionStartId="22.[143,182,1569,1589]" captionTargetBox="[148,1096,211,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-14@22.[120,1123,209,1602]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 31a–i. Sphaerotherium obtusum (a–c, e, g, ^ holotype). a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect; c: endotergum; d: lateral aspect of posterior part of Ò; e: leg 9; f: posterior aspect of anterior telopod; g: cyphopod; h: posterior view of apical part of telopod; i: anterior aspect of posterior telopod." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666103/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">Fig. 31i</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1D03D6F9B370C9D369" blockId="21.[181,1142,1612,1669]" lastBlockId="23.[181,1142,206,487]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Comments: The only difference between the
<typeStatus id="4D64E8DF4079FC1F01BDF9B3721CD40B" box="[734,796,1612,1637]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">types</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F0028F9B372ADD40A" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[843,941,1612,1636]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F0028F9B372ADD40A" box="[843,941,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">grossum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and of
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F0771F9B37575D40A" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[1042,1141,1612,1636]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F0771F9B37575D40A" box="[1042,1141,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
concerns the colour of the tergites, brown in
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F018AF993724BD4EA" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[745,843,1644,1668]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F018AF993724BD4EA" box="[745,843,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">grossum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but light olive green in
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE407BFC1D03D6FF31701AD288" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[181,282,206,230]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F407BFC1D03D6FF31701AD288" box="[181,282,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the sole result being that the white punctation is less readily discernible in
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE407BFC1D023DFF1170C1D368" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[350,449,238,262]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F407BFC1D023DFF1170C1D368" box="[350,449,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C6A006F5407AFC1C03ECF9DE7547D40B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666103" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666103/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="165" startId="22.[143,182,1569,1589]" targetBox="[148,1096,211,1550]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="9260567D407AFC1C03ECF9DE7547D40B" blockId="22.[143,1107,1569,1637]" pageId="22" pageNumber="165">
Figs 31a–i.
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE407AFC1C0399F9DE70DDD45B" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[250,477,1569,1589]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="22" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F407AFC1C0399F9DE70DDD45B" box="[250,477,1569,1589]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="165">Sphaerotherium obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a–c, e, g, ^ holotype). a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect; c: endotergum; d: lateral aspect of posterior part of Ò; e: leg 9; f: posterior aspect of anterior telopod; g: cyphopod; h: posterior view of apical part of telopod; i: anterior aspect of posterior telopod.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9260567D407BFC1D03B3FEF170B2D309" blockId="23.[181,1142,206,487]" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">
Although both
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE407BFC1D0218FEF170DAD348" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[379,474,270,294]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F407BFC1D0218FEF170DAD348" box="[379,474,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE407BFC1D0171FEF17370D348" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[530,624,270,294]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F407BFC1D0171FEF17370D348" box="[530,624,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">grossum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been described on the same page (
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C407BFC1D0754FEF1701DD329" author="KOCH, C. L." pageId="23" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref16988" refString="KOCH, C. L. 1847. System der Myriapoden, mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. In: Panzer, G. W. F. &amp; Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W., eds, Kritische Revision der Insectenfaune Deutschlands. Regensburg: Pustet. 3: 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="1847">Koch 1847: 98</bibRefCitation>
), the former name has been chosen as the valid one since it was proposed before the latter name.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D407BFC1D03B3FE917276D389" blockId="23.[181,1142,206,487]" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C407BFC1D03B3FE917335D3E9" author="DE SAUSSURE, H. &amp; ZEHNTNER, L." box="[208,565,366,391]" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 356" refId="ref16554" refString="DE SAUSSURE, H. &amp; ZEHNTNER, L. 1902. Myriapodes de Madagascar. In: Grandidier, A., ed., Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar 27 (53): i - viii, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1902">De Saussure &amp; Zehntner (1902)</bibRefCitation>
credited
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C407BFC1D01FEFE917240D3E9" author="BOURNE, G." box="[669,832,366,391]" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" pagination="161 - 174" refId="ref16304" refString="BOURNE, G. 1885. On the anatomy of Sphaerotherium. Journal of the Linnean Society of London 19: 161 - 174." type="journal article" year="1885">Bourne (1885)</bibRefCitation>
with the authorship of both
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE407BFC1D03D6FE717014D3C8" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[181,276,398,422]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F407BFC1D03D6FE717014D3C8" box="[181,276,398,422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE407BFC1D022BFE7170A1D3C8" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1847" box="[328,417,398,422]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="retusum">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F407BFC1D022BFE7170A1D3C8" box="[328,417,398,422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="166">retusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but, as pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C407BFC1D01FCFE717261D3C9" author="JEEKEL, C. A. W." box="[671,865,398,423]" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 412" refId="ref16819" refString="JEEKEL, C. A. W. 1970. Nomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum: A list of the genus and familygroup names in the class Diplopoda from the 10 th edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 1957. Monografieen van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging 5: i - xii, 1 - 412." type="journal article" year="1970">Jeekel (1970: 23)</bibRefCitation>
, there is no evidence that either De Saussure &amp; Zehntner or Bourne considered the material distinct from the earlier, valid homonyms described by C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C407BFC1D01C2FE317226D389" author="KOCH, C. L." box="[673,806,462,487]" pageId="23" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref16988" refString="KOCH, C. L. 1847. System der Myriapoden, mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. In: Panzer, G. W. F. &amp; Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W., eds, Kritische Revision der Insectenfaune Deutschlands. Regensburg: Pustet. 3: 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="1847">Koch (1847</bibRefCitation>
1863).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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