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<document id="51CB359C255863CDB3EFDA0E5D0F0F6C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7666078" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666078" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677088954850" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Spiegel, Didier Van den, Golovatch, Sergei I. &amp; Hamer, and Michelle L." docDate="2002" docId="1A76E76B4078FC1F021EFD937518D369" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.43.1.143181.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 43" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sphaerotherium lichtensteinii Brandt 1833" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="164" masterDocId="E64F9F13406CFC0A0363FFFF7100D26E" masterDocTitle="Revision of some of the oldest species in the millipede genus Sphaerotherium Brandt, 1833 (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Sphaerotheriidae), with new synonymies" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="143" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1699455173288" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="71EDDD2305E4CF5DF0674F979790E357">Revision of some of the oldest species in the millipede genus Sphaerotherium Brandt, 1833 (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Sphaerotheriidae), with new synonymies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9B714854F7BC7958FC1E7CC9AC6D74A">Spiegel, Didier Van den</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6B2860CD365F9D56C09AFAA38C344B1">Golovatch, Sergei I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="471F23D9A4A3051315A2EDCCB795BA47">Hamer, and Michelle L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="81DC1F64BA32F36C34120AC7393E729B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F9F33E0B7E3AE020AB6A37AB764FF317">
<mods:title id="EC696BB725491F74EE5138C9A8C1E627">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="362CE02765639B729C3ACD9F0111EA60">
<mods:date id="3B719C32329D81CFBE0C121F71F51386">2002</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="09E55BBD88186D750221DB6DB1FCF594">2002-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A80354A0912AF7D44459E96B620853CF" type="volume">
<mods:number id="96426D584C9898E30DFBC2D7F6E8AC12">43</mods:number>
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<treatment id="1A76E76B4078FC1F021EFD937518D369" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A76E76B4078FC1F021EFD937518D369" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A76E76B4078FC1F021EFD937518D369" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
<subSubSection id="DAC505F64078FC1E021EFD937262D0EB" box="[381,866,620,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E021EFD937262D0EB" blockId="20.[381,866,620,685]" box="[381,866,620,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
<heading id="C928E1114078FC1E021EFD937262D0EB" box="[381,866,620,645]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4078FC1E021EFD937262D0EB" ID-CoL="4YSQZ" authority="Brandt, 1833" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1833" box="[381,866,620,645]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4078FC1E021EFD9373C9D0EA" box="[381,713,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Sphaerotherium lichtensteinii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C4078FC1E01B3FD937262D0EB" author="BRANDT, J. F." box="[720,866,620,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" pagination="194 - 209" refId="ref16329" refString="BRANDT, J. F. 1833. Tentaminum quorundam monographicorum Insecta Myriapoda Chilognatha Latreillii spectantium prodromus. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 6: 194 - 209." type="journal article" year="1833">Brandt, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAC505F64078FC1F0177FD6B7518D369" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="description">
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E0177FD6B73CBD0C3" blockId="20.[381,866,620,685]" box="[532,715,660,685]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
(
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84078FC1E017FFD6B739AD0C3" box="[540,666,660,685]" captionStart="Figs 30" captionStartId="19.[179,218,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[181,1127,221,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-7@19.[141,1169,215,1683]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 30ae. Paralectotype of Sphaerotherium lichtensteinii. a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect of ^ lectotype; c: 9th leg; d: cyphopod; e: endotergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666101/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Figs 30ae</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84078FC1E01C5FD6B73C3D0C3" box="[678,707,660,685]" captionStart="Figs 3442" captionStartId="29.[182,221,1575,1595]" captionTargetBox="[289,1027,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-6@29.[265,1054,179,1585]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figs 3442. Endotergum (SEM) in Sphaerotherium species. 34. S. compressum (^paralectotype). 35. S. dorsale (^ holotype). 36. S. elongatum (^ paralectotype). 37. S. giganteum (^ lectotype). 38. S. intermedium (^ holotype). 39. S. lichtensteinii (^ paralectotype). 40. S. obtusum (^ holotype). 41. S. punctatum (^ lectotype). 42. S. punctulatum (Ò lectotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666109/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">39</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FD33704FD08B" blockId="20.[144,1104,716,837]" box="[144,335,716,741]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Material studied:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FD1370B0D12B" blockId="20.[144,1104,716,837]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
Type material:
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204078FC1E0220FD13754BD16B" box="[323,1099,748,773]" country="South Africa" location="Promontorium Bonae Spei" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paralectotype">
^
<typeStatus id="4D64E8DF4078FC1E020AFD137305D16B" box="[361,517,748,773]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="EAC816ED4078FC1E0176FD1373ACD16B" box="[533,684,748,773]" name="South Africa" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="970000A64078FC1E01D8FD1372F0D16B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A76E76B4078FC1F021EFD937518D369:970000A64078FC1E01D8FD1372F0D16B" box="[699,1008,748,773]" country="South Africa" name="Promontorium Bonae Spei" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Western Cape">Promontorium Bonae Spei</location>
(
<collectingRegion id="501B989F4078FC1E0767FD137544D16B" box="[1028,1092,748,773]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Cape</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204078FC1E03F3FCF370C6D14B" box="[144,454,780,805]" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="Lichtenstein" country="South Africa" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" specimenCode="ZMB 63" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectorName id="3F2A33AB4078FC1E03F3FCF3701AD14B" box="[144,282,780,805]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Lichtenstein</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="C279FE064078FC1E0203FCF370C6D14B" box="[352,454,780,805]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="Museum">ZMB 63</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;^
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204078FC1E0292FCF37066D12B" country="South Africa" location="Caput Bonae Spei" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="4D64E8DF4078FC1E0292FCF37358D14B" box="[497,600,780,805]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated herewith),
<collectingCountry id="EAC816ED4078FC1E0009FCF372FED14B" box="[874,1022,780,805]" name="South Africa" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="970000A64078FC1E076EFCF37010D12B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A76E76B4078FC1F021EFD937518D369:970000A64078FC1E076EFCF37010D12B" country="South Africa" name="Caput Bonae Spei" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Western Cape">Caput Bonae Spei</location>
(
<collectingRegion id="501B989F4078FC1E027CFCD3705ED12B" box="[287,350,812,837]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Cape</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
; ZISP.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FC99701BD111" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" box="[144,283,870,895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FC7172F4D1A9" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Colour: Head, collum, thoracic shield, tergites and pygidium olive green bordered with dark olive green along posterior margin. Underside and legs dark olive green.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FC3173C4D629" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Head with large piliferous punctures growing denser towards clypeus; gnathochilarium covered with hairs. Both sides of labrum broadly rounded laterad, middle scarcely emarginate, with a single median tooth. Ocelli obvious, almost dark olive green.Antennae short, last segment with four apical sensory cones.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FBB17234D609" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" box="[144,820,1102,1127]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Collum smooth, bordered by one row of setae along margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FB917299D6E9" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" box="[144,921,1134,1159]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Thoracic shield with brim large, accompanied by a row of long setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FB7172A0D749" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
Tergites 212 with well-developed keel, surface covered with very dense and fine piliferous punctures, pilosity growing longer along posterior margin. Endotergum with one row of marginal hairs not reaching margin; marginal ridge with row of welldeveloped callosities intruding zone of bristles, no cuticular pattern, intersegmental membrane with small dark cones and very sparse setae (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84078FC1E0066FAF17269D749" box="[773,873,1294,1319]" captionStart="Figs 30" captionStartId="19.[179,218,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[181,1127,221,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-7@19.[141,1169,215,1683]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 30ae. Paralectotype of Sphaerotherium lichtensteinii. a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect of ^ lectotype; c: 9th leg; d: cyphopod; e: endotergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666101/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Figs 30e</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84078FC1E0017FAF17294D749" box="[884,916,1294,1319]" captionStart="Figs 3442" captionStartId="29.[182,221,1575,1595]" captionTargetBox="[289,1027,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-6@29.[265,1054,179,1585]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figs 3442. Endotergum (SEM) in Sphaerotherium species. 34. S. compressum (^paralectotype). 35. S. dorsale (^ holotype). 36. S. elongatum (^ paralectotype). 37. S. giganteum (^ lectotype). 38. S. intermedium (^ holotype). 39. S. lichtensteinii (^ paralectotype). 40. S. obtusum (^ holotype). 41. S. punctatum (^ lectotype). 42. S. punctulatum (Ò lectotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666109/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">39</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FAD1721FD729" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" box="[144,799,1326,1351]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
Legs without coxal lobe, tibia not spined above (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84078FC1E01D2FAD17212D729" box="[689,786,1326,1351]" captionStart="Figs 30" captionStartId="19.[179,218,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[181,1127,221,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-7@19.[141,1169,215,1683]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 30ae. Paralectotype of Sphaerotherium lichtensteinii. a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect of ^ lectotype; c: 9th leg; d: cyphopod; e: endotergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666101/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Fig. 30c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FAB171D2D708" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" box="[144,210,1358,1382]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4078FC1E03F3FAB171D2D708" box="[144,210,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Male:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FA917006D7E9" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" box="[144,262,1390,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FA7170BAD7C8" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" box="[144,442,1422,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4078FC1E03F3FA7170BAD7C8" box="[144,442,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Female sexual characters:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3FA517502D789" blockId="20.[144,1104,870,1511]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
Second pairs of legs without coxal lobe. Cyphopod large, covering more than twothirds of caudal surface of coxa 2. Operculum more or less rounded (
<figureCitation id="0AE44AF84078FC1E00F0FA3172F5D789" box="[915,1013,1486,1511]" captionStart="Figs 30" captionStartId="19.[179,218,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[181,1127,221,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-7@19.[141,1169,215,1683]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 30ae. Paralectotype of Sphaerotherium lichtensteinii. a: apical part of antenna; b: lateral aspect of ^ lectotype; c: 9th leg; d: cyphopod; e: endotergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666101/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">Fig. 30d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4078FC1E03F3F9F67550D4EC" blockId="20.[144,1104,1545,1666]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">
<materialsCitation id="22B75C204078FC1E03F3F9F6754CD4EC" collectionCode="ZISP, ZMB" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
Comments: Since the original description, this species has been referred to by many authors as
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4078FC1E0266F9D6709FD42F" box="[261,415,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">incertae sedis</emphasis>
. It seems to only be known from
<specimenCount id="84D99DF44078FC1E006DF9D6726ED42C" box="[782,878,1577,1602]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="generic">two type</specimenCount>
specimens, with the female kept in
<collectionCode id="F4CECEB84078FC1E0258F9B67075D40C" box="[315,373,1609,1634]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">ZISP</collectionCode>
chosen as the
<typeStatus id="4D64E8DF4078FC1E017EF9B67387D40C" box="[541,647,1609,1634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, the one in
<collectionCode id="F4CECEB84078FC1E006FF9B67249D40C" box="[780,841,1609,1634]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
as
<typeStatus id="4D64E8DF4078FC1E0013F9B6750BD40C" box="[880,1035,1609,1634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
. Even though no male material is still available,
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4078FC1E0100F99673F4D4EF" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1833" box="[611,756,1641,1665]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="20" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4078FC1E0100F99673F4D4EF" box="[611,756,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="163">lichtensteinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is undoubtedly a valid species
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9260567D4079FC1F03B3FF317518D369" blockId="21.[181,1141,206,263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">
Following Jeekel (2001), we also consider the records of
<taxonomicName id="55DF2DFE4079FC1F0030FF317500D288" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1833" box="[851,1024,206,230]" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">
<emphasis id="A0AB8A6F4079FC1F0030FF317500D288" box="[851,1024,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="164">S. lichtensteinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Borneo and Java by
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C4079FC1F0223FF117311D369" author="TOMOSVARY, E." box="[320,529,238,263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" pagination="63 - 72" refId="ref17509" refString="TOMOSVARY, E. 1885. Myriopoda a Joanne Xantus in Asia orientali collecta. Enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek 9: 63 - 72." type="journal article" year="1885">Tömösvary (1885)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="F64E2B8C4079FC1F012BFF1173E5D369" author="DADAY, J." box="[584,741,238,263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="164" pagination="115 - 156" refId="ref16475" refString="DADAY, J. 1889. Myriopoda extranea Musaei Nationalis Hungarici. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek 12 (4): 115 - 156." type="journal article" year="1889">Daday (1889)</bibRefCitation>
, respectively, as erroneous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>