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<mods:title id="D830B7345BF82533005369113A139827">Review of the genus Termioptycha Meyrick, 1889 (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) from China, with descriptions of four new species</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0B2819EFFDBFFA3CCF91B4EFE10EF81" bold="true" box="[151,503,365,391]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CCF91B4EFE10EF81" ID-CoL="92P34" authority="Meyrick, 1889" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,503,365,391]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Termioptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCF91B4EFE10EF81" bold="true" box="[151,503,365,391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCF91B4EFEDBEF81" bold="true" box="[151,316,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Termioptycha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B03FFDBFFA3CD2D1B4EFE10EF81" author="Meyrick" box="[323,503,365,391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" refString="Meyrick, E. (1889) On some Lepidoptera from New Guinea. Transactions of the Entomological Society, 1889, 455 - 522. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1889. tb 00932. x" type="journal article" year="1889">Meyrick, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36F2FFDBFFA3CCF91B97FE6BEFEE" blockId="1.[151,1436,436,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CCF91B97FDE0EFCC" ID-CoL="92P34" authority="Meyrick, 1889: 504" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityPageNumber="504" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,519,436,458]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Termioptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCF91B97FEC6EFCC" box="[151,289,436,458]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Termioptycha</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE410E3FFDBFFA3CD401B97FDE0EFCC" author="Meyrick" box="[302,519,436,458]" page="504" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" year="1889">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B03FFDBFFA3CD401B97FE2AEFCC" author="Meyrick" box="[302,461,436,458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" refString="Meyrick, E. (1889) On some Lepidoptera from New Guinea. Transactions of the Entomological Society, 1889, 455 - 522. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1889. tb 00932. x" type="journal article" year="1889">Meyrick, 1889</bibRefCitation>
: 504
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CEDA1B97FBADEFCC" ID-CoL="98JN8" authority="Meyrick, 1889" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1889" box="[692,1098,436,458]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Termioptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanopa">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CEDA1B97FC46EFCC" box="[692,929,436,458]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Termioptycha cyanopa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B03FFDBFFA3CFC01B97FBADEFCC" author="Meyrick" box="[942,1098,436,458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" refString="Meyrick, E. (1889) On some Lepidoptera from New Guinea. Transactions of the Entomological Society, 1889, 455 - 522. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1889. tb 00932. x" type="journal article" year="1889">Meyrick, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[=
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3C8141B97FE65EFEE" ID-CoL="96RP2" authority="Felder &amp; Rogenhofer, 1875" authorityName="Felder &amp; Rogenhofer" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ethnistis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eucarta">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3C8141B97FACAEFCC" box="[1146,1325,436,458]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Ethnistis eucarta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B03FFDBFFA3C9551B97FE65EFEE" author="Felder" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" refString="Felder, C., Felder, R. &amp; Rogenhofer, A. F. (1875) Heterocera. In: Felder, C., Felder, R. &amp; Rogenhofer, A. F., Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. 2 (2): Lepidoptera. Heft 5 (Schluss). Kaiserlich-Konigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien, pp. 1 - 20, pls. 121 - 140." type="book chapter" year="1875">Felder &amp; Rogenhofer, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
].
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA36F2FFDBFFA3CCF91BD2FC5CEC01" blockId="1.[151,1436,436,519]" box="[151,955,497,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5511DCFFDBFFA3CCF91BD2FC5CEC01" box="[151,955,497,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CCF91BD2FE36EC01" ID-CoL="95MK9" authority="Turner, 1913: 134" authorityName="Turner" authorityPageNumber="134" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,465,497,519]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Sialocyttara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCF91BD2FEF4EC01" box="[151,275,497,519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Sialocyttara</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE410E3FFDBFFA3CD771BD1FE36EC01" author="Turner" box="[281,465,497,519]" page="134" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B03FFDBFFA3CD771BD1FE78EC01" author="Turner" box="[281,415,497,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" refString="Turner, A. J. 1913. Studies in Australian Lepidoptera, Pyralidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland, 24, 111 - 163." type="journal article" year="1913">Turner, 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 134
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CE041BD2FC50EC01" ID-CoL="98CJW" authority="Turner, 1913" authorityName="Turner" authorityYear="1913" box="[618,951,497,519]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Sialocyttara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erasta">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CE041BD2FCCCEC01" box="[618,811,497,519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Sialocyttara erasta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B03FFDBFFA3CF5C1BD1FC50EC01" author="Turner" box="[818,951,497,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" refString="Turner, A. J. 1913. Studies in Australian Lepidoptera, Pyralidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland, 24, 111 - 163." type="journal article" year="1913">Turner, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA36F2FFDBFFA3CCF91817FC95ED90" blockId="1.[151,1437,564,1533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCF91817FE63EC4B" bold="true" box="[151,388,564,589]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Generic characters.</emphasis>
Medium to large size. Head (
<figureCitation id="137E2A77FFDBFFA3CEB21817FCA3EC4A" box="[732,836,564,589]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[180,1390,211,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[160,1404,195,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1 3. Head and venation of Termioptycha spp. 1 2. Head of T. conjuncta: 1, ♂, 2, ♀; 3, Venation of T. margarita, slide No. RH 15171 W. Scale bars: 1 2 = 1.0 mm, 3 = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001996/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Figs 12</figureCitation>
): Labial palpus upturned, exceeding vertex apically; first segment slightly thicker than second, second segment with long hair-like scales on inner side (except
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3C9E9187AFF1CEC93" ID-CoL="9FWSL" authorityName="Wileman" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Macalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilineata">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3C9E9187AFF1CEC93" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">T. bilineata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), third segment with hair-like scales on ventral surface. Maxillary palpus short and compressed in both male and female (but long brush-like in male of
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CE891882FC8BECBE" ID-CoL="9FWSL" authorityName="Wileman" authorityYear="1911" box="[743,876,671,696]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Macalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilineata">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CE891882FC8BECBE" box="[743,876,671,696]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">T. bilineata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Antenna with scape expanded, without scape extension; flagellum ciliated on ventral surface in male. Forewing (
<figureCitation id="137E2A77FFDBFFA3CFFC18E7FBE2ECDA" box="[914,1029,708,733]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 13" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[190,1390,207,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[168,1412,180,1938]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 4 13. Adults of Termioptycha spp. 4, T. nigrimacularis sp. nov., holotype, ♂; 5, T. longiclavata sp. nov., paratype, ♂; 6, T. cornutitrifurca sp. nov., holotype, ♂; 7, T. longispina sp. nov., holotype, ♂; 8, T. albifurcalis, ♀; 9, T. bilineata, ♂; 10, T. conjuncta, ♂; 11, T. margarita, ♀; 12, T. eucarta, ♂; 13, T. inimica, ♂. Scale bars: 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001998/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Figs 413</figureCitation>
) usually with a rectangular patch at middle of costal margin; discal and discocellular spots represented by a tuft, cell with a tuft at middle on lower margin; antemedian and postmedian lines present; evenly spaced spots along inner side of terminal line. Wing venation (
<figureCitation id="137E2A77FFDBFFA3CD69190CFEACED4E" box="[263,331,815,840]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 3" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[180,1390,211,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[160,1404,195,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1 3. Head and venation of Termioptycha spp. 1 2. Head of T. conjuncta: 1, ♂, 2, ♀; 3, Venation of T. margarita, slide No. RH 15171 W. Scale bars: 1 2 = 1.0 mm, 3 = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001996/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): Forewing with R3, R4 and R5 stalked, M1 from upper angle of cell, M2 and M3 stalked, CuA1 from lower angle of cell; hindwing with Rs and M1 from upper angle of cell, M2 and M3 stalked, CuA1 approximated to M2+3. Mid and hind tibiae with long hair-like scales on outer side.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35F6579FFDBFFA3CCA91987FB56EABF" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFA36F2FFDBFFA3CCA91987FDE7EA77" blockId="1.[151,1437,564,1533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="137E2A77FFDBFFA3CDEC1987FDECEDBB" box="[386,523,932,957]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 14 19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20 23" captionStartId-0="8.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1453,1476]" captionTargetBox-0="[220,1376,213,1871]" captionTargetBox-1="[176,1428,206,1423]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[189,1397,193,1888]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1433]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 14 19. Male genitalia of Termioptycha spp. 14, T. nigrimacularis sp. nov., paratype, slide No. RH 15532; 15, T. longiclavata sp. nov., paratype, slide No. RH 15175; 16, T. cornutitrifurca sp. nov., holotype, slide No. WYP 06024; 17, T. longispina sp. nov., holotype, slide No. WYP 06018; 18, T. albifurcalis, slide No. RH 16075; 19, T. bilineata, slide No. RH 16053. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 20 23. Male genitalia of Termioptycha spp. 20, T. conjuncta, slide No. RH 16017; 21, T. margarita, slide No. RH 16411; 22, T. eucarta, slide No. RH 15185; 23, T. inimica, slide No. WYP 05205. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1002000/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1002002/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Figs 1423</figureCitation>
). Uncus sub-rectangular, slightly concave at middle or bifurcate on posterior margin. Gnathos narrowly banded, medially arched backward or produced into a process; with a process from base of each arm produced downward in most species, covered with thick and short setae. Valva rhomboid, usually with a process at base; costa with a tuber or a process at middle in some species, with a spine at apex (easily broken); sacculus developed. Saccus broad, usually triangular. Aedeagus with a single cornutus or cornuti composed of a bunch of spines in most species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA36F2FFDBFFA3CCA91E5FFB56EABF" blockId="1.[151,1437,564,1533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
Female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="137E2A77FFDBFFA3CDFB1E5FFDFBEA93" box="[405,540,1148,1173]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 28" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[205,1372,203,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[181,1405,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 24 28. Female genitalia of Termioptycha spp. 24, T. longiclavata sp. nov., paratype, slide No. RH 15176; 25, T. albifurcalis, slide No. RH 16076; 26, T. conjuncta, slide No. RH 16018; 27, T. margarita, slide No. RH 15346; 28, T. eucarta, slide No. RH 16022. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1002004/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Figs 2428</figureCitation>
). Eighth segment rectangular. Antrum developed. Ductus bursae membranous and wide. Corpus bursae usually ovate; two signa often different in size, with dense denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35F6579FFDBFFA3CCA91EE7FD55EBFB" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFA36F2FFDBFFA3CCA91EE7FD55EBFB" blockId="1.[151,1437,564,1533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCA91EE7FEA6EADB" bold="true" box="[199,321,1220,1245]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CD3F1EE7FE0DEADB" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1889" box="[337,490,1220,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Termioptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CD3F1EE7FE0DEADB" box="[337,490,1220,1245]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Termioptycha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnostic in the male genitalia by having an apical spine on the costa.
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CCF91ECBFED7EB07" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,304,1256,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Termioptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCF91ECBFED7EB07" box="[151,304,1256,1281]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Termioptycha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CDAA1ECBFD2FEB07" authority="Moore, 1888" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1888" box="[452,712,1256,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Teliphasa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CDAA1ECBFDD7EB07" box="[452,560,1256,1281]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Teliphasa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B03FFDBFFA3CE591ECAFD2FEB07" author="Moore" box="[567,712,1257,1281]" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" refString="Moore, F. (1888) Descriptions of new Indian lepidopterous insects from the collection of the late Mr. W. S. Atkinson. Heterocera (continued) (Pyralidae, Crambidae, Geometridae, Tortricidae, Tineidae). In: Hewitson, W. C. &amp; Moore, F. (Eds.), Descriptions of new Indian lepidopterous Insects from the collection of the late Mr. W. S. Atkinson 3. Asiatic Society of Bengal / Taylor &amp; Francis, Calcutta / London, pp. 199 - 299, pls. 6 - 8." type="journal article" year="1888">Moore, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of both discal and discocellular spots which are formed by a scale tuft, a postmedian line curved outward and forming an angle medially, and spots evenly arranged along inner side of terminal line.
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CE421F13FD22EB4F" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1889" box="[556,709,1328,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Termioptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CE421F13FD22EB4F" box="[556,709,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Termioptycha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3C87E1F13FB9BEB4F" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1888" box="[1040,1148,1328,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Teliphasa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3C87E1F13FB9BEB4F" box="[1040,1148,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Teliphasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the forewing with a rectangular patch at middle on the costal margin, and the hindwing without a discocellular spot; in
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3C8901F77FA8DEB6B" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1888" box="[1278,1386,1364,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Teliphasa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3C8901F77FA8DEB6B" box="[1278,1386,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Teliphasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the forewing has no rectangular patch at middle on the costal margin, and the hindwing has a discocellular spot.
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CCF91FBFFED7EBB3" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,304,1436,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Termioptycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CCF91FBFFED7EBB3" box="[151,304,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Termioptycha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can also be separated from
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CEFE1FBFFD1BEBB3" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1888" box="[656,764,1436,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Teliphasa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CEFE1FBFFD1BEBB3" box="[656,764,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Teliphasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the male genitalia by the sub-rectangular uncus, the rhomboid valva and the costa with an apical spine; in
<taxonomicName id="4C454D71FFDBFFA3CE831FE3FCBEEBDF" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1888" box="[749,857,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Teliphasa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B931EAE0FFDBFFA3CE831FE3FCBEEBDF" box="[749,857,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="160">Teliphasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the semicircular uncus is undeveloped, the valva is sub-rounded and the costa lacks an apical spine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>