281 lines
36 KiB
XML
281 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="0B870A5C3C7A24BB05BA7FD7BA4EB5E9" ID-CLB-Dataset="30626" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4387.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43de8956-0706-4f8d-b5a9-f51c30c276d8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1187697" ID-ZooBank="B53A6B20-5386-4E5A-A00F-A559EDF640DF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520059483769" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fernández, Mercedes, Fernicola, Juan Carlos, Cerdeño, Esperanza & Reguero, Marcelo A." docDate="2018" docId="03EC879BCF5D830BC1922C808D62FD18" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4387.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4387 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Patriarchus palmidens Ameghino 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="490" masterDocId="FFD5FFE3CF53831AC10528498E40FFD5" masterDocTitle="Identification of type materials of the species of Protypotherium Ameghino, 1885 and Patriarchus Ameghino, 1889 (Notoungulata: Interatheriidae) erected by Florentino Ameghino" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="473" pageNumber="487" updateTime="1698526258101" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B7C851DE7872046ED84060B2EFEF5E97">Identification of type materials of the species of Protypotherium Ameghino, 1885 and Patriarchus Ameghino, 1889 (Notoungulata: Interatheriidae) erected by Florentino Ameghino</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="963A63BC8002AE0F6805067488FDE7F8">Fernández, Mercedes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E073E8401EE1C555FA8AA34BFE6E971B">Fernicola, Juan Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C356C366EDE52DE903B00DA4F88873BA">Cerdeño, Esperanza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="2B4BE00D63AE30C5A90126A6A83C33C0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3EB0420114B3875C503FC78C16CD49C5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5AAF93F31A5EE7CD1F9CA45DA1507998">Reguero, Marcelo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F79DEA9D6B90004915BB960D47AA6691">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="91911B783C6508A6E7143A2C28D986C2">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E3FBBA278D2BE3E328CDF13E9770F9AA">2018-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B4A628B36AB4F56B73697258AD370DDB">4387</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F9EDD6E7A87D111A9125E67D4B00FE5E">473</mods:start>
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<treatment id="03EC879BCF5D830BC1922C808D62FD18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5986701" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141264038" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5986701" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC879BCF5D830BC1922C808D62FD18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC879BCF5D830BC1922C808D62FD18" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="490" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF5D8314C1922C808C3BFB36" box="[151,635,1225,1251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF5D8314C1922C808C3BFB36" blockId="14.[151,635,1225,1251]" box="[151,635,1225,1251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">
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<heading id="D0B281E1CF5D8314C1922C808C3BFB36" bold="true" box="[151,635,1225,1251]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF5D8314C1922C808C3BFB36" authority="Ameghino, 1889" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,635,1225,1251]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmidens">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5D8314C1922C808C3BFB36" bold="true" box="[151,635,1225,1251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5D8314C1922C808FEAFB36" bold="true" box="[151,426,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">Patriarchus palmidens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF5D8314C0B52C808C3BFB36" box="[432,635,1225,1251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" refId="ref17032" refString="Ameghino, F. (1889) Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba, 6, i - xxxii, 1 - 1027, atlas of 98 pls." type="journal article">Ameghino, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF5D8314C1922D468EF3FA98" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF5D8314C1922D468EF3FA98" blockId="14.[151,1436,1295,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5D8314C1922D468F4BFAFD" bold="true" box="[151,267,1295,1320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">
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<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF5D8314C1922D468F46FAFD" box="[151,262,1295,1320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED54AE48CF5D8314C0142D598FC3FAFD" box="[273,387,1296,1320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">MACN-A</collectionCode>
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9651a (
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<figureCitation id="137E2A08CF5D8314C0D92D468C28FAFD" box="[476,616,1295,1320]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1668,1690]" captionTargetBox="[252,1324,201,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[244,1328,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patriarchus palmidens, holotype MACN-A 9651a, mandibular symphysis with right i1–p1 and left i1–2 and the alveolus of i3, in labial (A), occlusal (B) and antero-labial (C) views; reproductions of figures 2 (D), 2a (E) and 2b (F) from Ameghino (1889, plate 15). Patriarchus furculosus, syntype MACN-A 3970, left maxillary fragment with P2–M3, in occlusal view (G); syntype MACN-A 3972, right mandibular fragment with p2–m3, in occlusal view (H); syntype MACN-A 3977, incomplete skull, dorsal view (I). Patriarchus distortus, holotype MACN-A 9634 to MACN-A 9638: MACN-A 9634, skull, ventral (J)and dorsal (K) views; MACN-A 9636, proximal epiphysis of right femur, in anterior view (L); MACN-A 9637 and MACN-A9638, proximal epiphyses of right tibia and fibula,articulated with the distal epiphysis of right femur, in lateral view (M). Patriarchus rectus, holotype MACN-A 4005, right maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with alveolus of C and series P1–M3, in occlusal view (N); holotype MACN-A 4006, left maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with M1–3, in occlusal view (O); holotype MACN-A 4007, mandibular fragment with incomplete symphysis, broken alveoli of left and right i1-2 and complete left i3–m3 series, in occlusal view (P). Patriarchus diastematus, holotypeMACN-A 4044, two maxillae with alveoli of C–P1 andright P2–M3 andleft P2–M2, in occlusal view (Q). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187703/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">Figs. 3 A–C</figureCitation>
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), mandibular symphysis with right
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<date id="FFFB104DCF5D8314C2F42D468A43FAFD" box="[1009,1027,1295,1320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">i1</date>
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–p1 and left
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<date id="FFFB104DCF5D8314C5972D468A83FAFD" box="[1170,1219,1295,1320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">i1–2</date>
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and the alveolus of
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<date id="FFFB104DCF5D8314C1922D7D8EF3FA98" box="[151,179,1332,1357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">i3.</date>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF5D830AC1C22D1E8CE8F802" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="489" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF5D8314C1C22D1E8B49F80A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1295,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5D8314C1C22D1E8F7AFAA5" bold="true" box="[199,314,1367,1392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF5D8314C04F2D1E8C02FAA5" box="[330,578,1367,1392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" refId="ref17032" refString="Ameghino, F. (1889) Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba, 6, i - xxxii, 1 - 1027, atlas of 98 pls." type="journal article">Ameghino 1889: 481</bibRefCitation>
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). “
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5D8314C3612D108DB0FA40" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">Es la única especie de este género que conozco hasta ahora; y a juzgar por la parte anterior de la mandíbula, tuvo una talla bastante mayor que el</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF5D8314C2FD2D358B59FA40" box="[1016,1305,1404,1429]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="14" pageNumber="487" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiquum">Protypotherium antiquum</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5D8314C42C2D348AB5F80A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="487">La sínfisis es muy comprimida lateralmente y sumamente angosta adelante, como que hasta el mismo par de incisivos anteriores están colocados no adelante en sentido transversal, según es de regla en la generalidad de los mamíferos, sino a los lados, en la misma línea longitudinal que todo el resto de la dentadura, lo que le da a esta región un aspecto completamente particular. Cada uno de estos incisivos tiene una corona cuyo diámetro anteroposterior aumenta desde la base a la cúspide, siendo ella sumamente comprimida en sentido transversal, con la cara interna bilobada por un surco perpendicular angosto y profundo en su parte superior, pero que se pierde hacia la base del diente y con la cara externa lisa y convexa. El canino tiene absolutamente la misma forma que los incisivos. Estos cuatro dientes están implantados en la mandíbula inclinados oblicuamente adelante de una manera cada vez más acentuada a partir del canino hasta los incisivos internos, los que se dirigen hacia adelante de una manera casi horizontal. Cada uno de estos dientes tiene una corona de 0m0 0 4 a 0m0 0 45 de diámetro anteroposterior, por 0m0 0 1 a 0m0 0 15 de diámetro transverso. El p.1, está implantado verticalmente, con los dos surcos opuestos colocados en los dos últimos tercios de cada cara, angostos y poco profundos. El lóbulo anterior es mucho mayor, más ancho y de forma elíptica; el lóbulo posterior mucho más pequeño, es también más angosto y de forma casi circular. Este diente tiene 0m0 0 45 de diámetro anteroposterior por 0m0 0 23 de diámetro transverso. Los tres incisivos, el canino y el primer premolar ocupan juntos en línea recta un espacio longitudinal de 25 milímetros. La sínfisis tiene 10 milímetros de largo y es profundamente excavada en su cara interna</emphasis>
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”.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF3A6605CF5C8315C1922ECD8DAFF83E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187703/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="488" startId="15.[151,249,1668,1690]" targetBox="[252,1324,201,1641]" targetPageId="15">
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<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF5C8315C1922ECD8DAFF83E" blockId="15.[151,1436,1668,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C1922ECD8C48F94F" bold="true" box="[151,520,1668,1690]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">
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FIGURE 3.
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF5C8315C01F2ECD8C48F94F" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[282,520,1668,1690]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="15" pageNumber="488" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmidens">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C01F2ECD8C48F94F" bold="true" box="[282,520,1668,1690]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">Patriarchus palmidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, holotype MACN-A 9651a, mandibular symphysis with right i1–p1 and left i1–2 and the alveolus of i3, in labial
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C0892EEA8FF0F96C" bold="true" box="[396,432,1699,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(A)</emphasis>
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, occlusal
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C31D2EEA8C7AF96C" bold="true" box="[536,570,1699,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(B)</emphasis>
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and antero-labial
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C3F02EEA8D59F96C" bold="true" box="[757,793,1699,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(C)</emphasis>
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views; reproductions of figures 2
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C5792EEA8ADFF96C" bold="true" box="[1148,1183,1699,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(D)</emphasis>
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, 2a
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C5C92EEA8AAEF96C" bold="true" box="[1228,1262,1699,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(E)</emphasis>
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and 2b
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C4462EEA8B23F96C" bold="true" box="[1347,1379,1699,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(F)</emphasis>
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from Ameghino (1889, plate 15).
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF5C8315C0B02E888CE6F902" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[437,678,1729,1751]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="15" pageNumber="488" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furculosus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C0B02E888CE6F902" bold="true" box="[437,678,1729,1751]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">Patriarchus furculosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, syntype MACN-A 3970, left maxillary fragment with P2–M3, in occlusal view
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C1D42EA98EB6F923" bold="true" box="[209,246,1760,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(G)</emphasis>
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; syntype MACN-A 3972, right mandibular fragment with p2–m3, in occlusal view
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C5622EA98ACCF923" bold="true" box="[1127,1164,1760,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(H)</emphasis>
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; syntype MACN-A 3977, incomplete skull, dorsal view
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C0C82EB78FA7F8C1" bold="true" box="[461,487,1790,1812]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(I)</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF5C8315C0F02EB78C93F8C1" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[501,723,1790,1812]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="15" pageNumber="488" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="distortus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C0F02EB78C93F8C1" bold="true" box="[501,723,1790,1812]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">Patriarchus distortus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, holotype MACN-A 9634 to MACN-A 9638: MACN-A 9634, skull, ventral
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C1E12F548F42F8E6" bold="true" box="[228,258,1821,1843]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(J)</emphasis>
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and dorsal
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C0722F548FDCF8E6" bold="true" box="[375,412,1821,1843]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(K)</emphasis>
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views; MACN-A 9636, proximal epiphysis of right femur, in anterior view
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C5A72F548A84F8E6" bold="true" box="[1186,1220,1821,1843]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(L)</emphasis>
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; MACN-A 9637 and MACN-A 9638, proximal epiphyses of right tibia and fibula, articulated with the distal epiphysis of right femur, in lateral view
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<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C1922F128EFFF8A4" bold="true" box="[151,191,1883,1905]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(M)</emphasis>
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.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF5C8315C1C82F138FCFF8A5" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[205,399,1882,1904]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="15" pageNumber="488" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C1C82F138FCFF8A5" bold="true" box="[205,399,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">Patriarchus rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype MACN-A 4005, right maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with alveolus of C and series P1–M3, in occlusal view
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C0A62F308F86F85A" bold="true" box="[419,454,1913,1935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(N)</emphasis>
|
||
; holotype MACN-A 4006, left maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with M1–3, in occlusal view
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C1CB2FD18EB3F87B" bold="true" box="[206,243,1944,1966]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(O)</emphasis>
|
||
; holotype MACN-A 4007, mandibular fragment with incomplete symphysis, broken alveoli of left and right i1-2 and complete left i3–m3 series, in occlusal view
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C35C2FFF8C39F819" bold="true" box="[601,633,1974,1996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(P)</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF5C8315C3802FFF8DC3F819" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[645,899,1974,1996]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="15" pageNumber="488" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diastematus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C3802FFF8DC3F819" bold="true" box="[645,899,1974,1996]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">Patriarchus diastematus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype MACN-A 4044, two maxillae with alveoli of C–P1 and right P2–M3 and left P2–M2, in occlusal view
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF5C8315C3FD2F9C8D5CF83E" bold="true" box="[760,796,2005,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="488">(Q)</emphasis>
|
||
. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3A6605CF43830AC1922D4D8A96FAA3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187705/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" startId="16.[151,249,1284,1306]" targetBox="[162,1415,221,1217]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF43830AC1922D4D8A96FAA3" blockId="16.[151,1437,1284,1398]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC1922D4D8C75FACF" bold="true" box="[151,565,1284,1306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">
|
||
FIGURE 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF43830AC0252D4D8C75FACF" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[288,565,1284,1306]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC0252D4D8C75FACF" bold="true" box="[288,565,1284,1306]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">Patriarchus leptocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype MACN-A 3989, incomplete skull, in ventral
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC58F2D4D8AEDFACF" bold="true" box="[1162,1197,1284,1306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">(A)</emphasis>
|
||
and dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC42B2D4D8B10FACF" bold="true" box="[1326,1360,1284,1306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">(B)</emphasis>
|
||
views.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF43830AC1922D6B8F0DFAED" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,333,1314,1336]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC1922D6B8F0DFAED" bold="true" box="[151,333,1314,1336]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">Patriarchus altus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype MACN-A 4001, incomplete skull, in ventral
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC28D2D6A8DEBFAEC" bold="true" box="[904,939,1315,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">(C)</emphasis>
|
||
and dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC5212D6A8A07FAEC" bold="true" box="[1060,1095,1315,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">(D)</emphasis>
|
||
views.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF43830AC5922D6B8BD6FAED" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1894" box="[1175,1430,1314,1336]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="icochiloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC5922D6B8BD6FAED" bold="true" box="[1175,1430,1314,1336]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">Patriarchus icochiloides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype MACN-A 4021, right maxillary fragment with alveolus of P1 and P2–M3, in occlusal view
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC5A02D088A87FA82" bold="true" box="[1189,1223,1345,1367]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">(E)</emphasis>
|
||
; holotype MACN-A 4022, right mandibular fragment with alveoli of p2–3 and p4–m3, in occlusal view
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC2E62D298A43FAA3" bold="true" box="[995,1027,1376,1398]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">(F)</emphasis>
|
||
. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF43830AC1C22D8F8CE8F802" blockId="16.[151,1437,1478,2007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">
|
||
English translation. This is the only species of this genus so far known. Based on the size of the anterior part of the mandible, it was considerably larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF43830AC3C62DA38DABF9D6" box="[707,1003,1514,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiquum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF43830AC3C62DA38DABF9D6" box="[707,1003,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="489">Protypotherium antiquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The mandibular symphysis is very laterally compressed and notably narrow anteriorly, so that the anterior incisors are not transversally positioned as generally seen in mammals, but laterally in the same longitudinal line as the remaining teeth, a fact that gives a completely particular aspect to this region. Each incisor exhibits its anteroposterior diameter increasing from the base to the tip, the latter highly compressed transversely, with its internal face bilobed by means of a narrow and deep perpendicular groove that disappears towards the base, and with its external face smooth and convex. The canine has the same morphology as the incisors. These four teeth are obliquely implanted in the jaw obliquely inclined forward, mainly the internal incisors that are nearly horizontally placed. The crown of each of these teeth has
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC1C02F428F63F8F7" box="[197,291,1803,1827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="m" value="0.004">0.004 m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC04F2F438FF6F8F7" box="[330,438,1802,1827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="m" value="0.0045">0.0045 m</quantity>
|
||
of anteroposterior diameter and
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC2282F428DCAF8F7" box="[813,906,1803,1827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="m" value="0.001">0.001 m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC2B72F438A5DF8F7" box="[946,1053,1802,1827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="m" value="0.0015">0.0015 m</quantity>
|
||
of transverse diameter. The p1 is vertically implanted, with two opposite narrow and shallow grooves placed in the last two thirds of each face. The anterior lobe is much larger, wider and elliptical; the posterior lobe is much smaller, also narrow and almost circular. This tooth has
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC0B52F3F8C5EF85A" box="[432,542,1910,1935]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="m" value="0.0045">0.0045 m</quantity>
|
||
of anteroposterior diameter and
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC2A72F3E8A50F85A" box="[930,1040,1911,1935]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="m" value="0.0023">0.0023 m</quantity>
|
||
of transverse diameter. The three incisors, the canine and the first premolar occupy together, in a straight line, a length of
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC57F2FD38A8DF867" box="[1146,1229,1946,1971]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The symphysis is
|
||
<quantity id="4CBD9B68CF43830AC1922FF68EA6F802" box="[151,230,1983,2007]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="489" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and is deeply excavated internally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35F6506CF42830BC1C228DE8D62FD18" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF42830BC1C228DE8CA3FD50" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF42830BC1C228DE8F0FFF65" bold="true" box="[199,335,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF42830BC05928DE8C28FF65" box="[348,616,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" refId="ref17032" refString="Ameghino, F. (1889) Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba, 6, i - xxxii, 1 - 1027, atlas of 98 pls." type="journal article">Ameghino (1889: 481)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
founded this taxon based only on a mandibular symphysis that was illustrated in his Atlas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF42830BC0A028F58D00FF01" box="[421,832,188,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" refId="ref17032" refString="Ameghino, F. (1889) Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba, 6, i - xxxii, 1 - 1027, atlas of 98 pls." type="journal article">Ameghino 1889, plate 15: figs. 2–3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and herein reproduced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137E2A08CF42830BC56628F58AB2FF01" box="[1123,1266,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,249,1668,1690]" captionTargetBox="[252,1324,201,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[244,1328,193,1651]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patriarchus palmidens, holotype MACN-A 9651a, mandibular symphysis with right i1–p1 and left i1–2 and the alveolus of i3, in labial (A), occlusal (B) and antero-labial (C) views; reproductions of figures 2 (D), 2a (E) and 2b (F) from Ameghino (1889, plate 15). Patriarchus furculosus, syntype MACN-A 3970, left maxillary fragment with P2–M3, in occlusal view (G); syntype MACN-A 3972, right mandibular fragment with p2–m3, in occlusal view (H); syntype MACN-A 3977, incomplete skull, dorsal view (I). Patriarchus distortus, holotype MACN-A 9634 to MACN-A 9638: MACN-A 9634, skull, ventral (J)and dorsal (K) views; MACN-A 9636, proximal epiphysis of right femur, in anterior view (L); MACN-A 9637 and MACN-A9638, proximal epiphyses of right tibia and fibula,articulated with the distal epiphysis of right femur, in lateral view (M). Patriarchus rectus, holotype MACN-A 4005, right maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with alveolus of C and series P1–M3, in occlusal view (N); holotype MACN-A 4006, left maxillary fragment (vertically rotated) with M1–3, in occlusal view (O); holotype MACN-A 4007, mandibular fragment with incomplete symphysis, broken alveoli of left and right i1-2 and complete left i3–m3 series, in occlusal view (P). Patriarchus diastematus, holotypeMACN-A 4044, two maxillae with alveoli of C–P1 andright P2–M3 andleft P2–M2, in occlusal view (Q). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187703/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">Figs. 3 D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to Ameghino’s catalogue, MACN-A 37 (a complete skull), MACN-A 38 (a right mandibular branch associated to MACN-A 37), and MACN-A 4045 (a right mandibular ramus) are the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF42830BC2A9294C8D9CFEC8" box="[940,988,261,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of this species. Instead, after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF42830BC19229618F7CFE95" box="[151,316,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" refId="ref18248" refString="Mones A. (1986) Palaeovertebrata Sudamericana. Catalogo Sistematico de los Vertebrados Fosiles de America del Sur, Parte I. Preliminary List and Bibliography. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 82, 1 - 625." type="journal article">Mones (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, only MACN-A 4045 is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF42830BC39D29618C88FE95" box="[664,712,296,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material. Nevertheless, none of these specimens matches the original description or the illustrated symphysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF42830BC3BF29058D32FEB1" box="[698,882,332,357]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" refId="ref17032" refString="Ameghino, F. (1889) Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba, 6, i - xxxii, 1 - 1027, atlas of 98 pls." type="journal article">Ameghino 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and, as a result, they are discarded as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF42830BC44B29048B3EFEB0" box="[1358,1406,333,357]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of the species. In Ameghino’s catalogue there are 22 other specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF42830BC52429388A83FE5D" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[1057,1219,367,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF42830BC52429388A83FE5D" box="[1057,1219,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">Pa. palmidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nine of which are lost. Among the remaining, a symphysis located within the lot MACN-A 9651, and herein differentiated as MACN-A 9651a, matches the original description and the illustrated symphysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF42830BC52829FE8AA9FE05" box="[1069,1257,439,464]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" refId="ref17032" refString="Ameghino, F. (1889) Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba, 6, i - xxxii, 1 - 1027, atlas of 98 pls." type="journal article">Ameghino 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Consequently, it is recognised as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF42830BC09729958FB4FE20" box="[402,500,476,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D0ECF42830BC31E29948CFBFE20" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[539,699,476,501]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF42830BC31E29948CFBFE20" box="[539,699,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">Pa. palmidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This lot includes other five fragmented mandibles (identified by us as MACN-A 9651b to MACN-A 9651f) that belong to different individuals. These specimens are discarded as part of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF42830BC0132A6C8F06FDE8" box="[278,326,549,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series because, on the one hand,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF42830BC3CD2A6D8DD2FDE9" box="[712,914,548,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" refId="ref17032" refString="Ameghino, F. (1889) Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba, 6, i - xxxii, 1 - 1027, atlas of 98 pls." type="journal article">Ameghino (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used an unique specimen to erect the species and, on the other hand, none of them presents anterior dentition, but cheek teeth which would have been described by Ameghino in case he had had these teeth at hand.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFA368DCF42830BC1C22AC68D62FD18" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B2D3CD0CF42830BC1C22AC68D62FD18" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1828873143" collectingDate="1900" collectingDateMax="1902" collectingDateMin="1900" collectionCode="SALMA" location="Santacrucian" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B931EA9FCF42830BC1C22AC68DBAFD7D" bold="true" box="[199,1018,655,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">
|
||
Chronological and geographical distribution of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FE882FCF42830BC2402AC68D38FD7D" box="[837,888,655,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
“Notohippidian” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B7CCF42830BC5D72AC68BCDFD7D" box="[1234,1421,655,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" refId="ref17191" refString="Ameghino, F. (1900 - 1902) L'Age des formations sedimentaires de Patagonie. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, (50, 51 & 54), 109 - 229 (1900); 20 - 250 (1901) & 161 - 342 (1902)." type="journal article">
|
||
Ameghino
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBFE9A5CF42830BC4532AD98BCDFD7D" box="[1366,1421,656,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" value="1900" valueMax="1902">
|
||
<date id="FFFB104DCF42830BC4532AD98BCDFD7D" box="[1366,1421,656,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" value="1900" valueMax="1902">1900</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
– 1902, 1906),
|
||
<location id="8E9A6056CF42830BC0292AFD8FFDFD18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC879BCF5D830BC1922C808D62FD18:8E9A6056CF42830BC0292AFD8FFDFD18" box="[300,445,692,717]" name="Santacrucian" pageId="17" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Santa Cruz Province">Santacrucian</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE48CF42830BC0C12AFD8C69FD19" box="[452,553,692,716]" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">SALMA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4981F86FCF42830BC3312AFD8D5DFD18" box="[564,797,692,717]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">
|
||
Santa
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4981F86FCF42830BC37C2AFD8D5DFD18" box="[633,797,692,717]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="490">Cruz Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |