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<document id="0284AF9A1DFF1521770F479383AE3B18" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4134.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a157eae0-8cb8-4b9a-8ce5-dd7ff7913ba3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="399754" ID-ZooBank="92AC0E20-F532-4D21-AE1F-4B056327212F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1467637689624" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Santos-Silva, Antonio, Nearns, Eugenio H. &amp; Swift, Ian P." docDate="2016" docId="03AA87ACFFC46708FF2CC2F02805832F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4134.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4134 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Homaesthesis LeConte 1873" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FF93FFD4FFC36701FFBBC73C2B4C8170" masterDocTitle="Revision of the American species of the genus Prionus Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae, Prionini)" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698363407732" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="007DF9E0C8B859F041F16A2FD9D5D2C2">Revision of the American species of the genus Prionus Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae, Prionini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AEF16FC813F2B96FCEBEA123219D7249">Santos-Silva, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="49A71521A420805295692E8140FA6978">Nearns, Eugenio H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0C21907BF983FE356DA42AA2EECD3F2E">Swift, Ian P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FF26B50BC1CFC724F007A9169C5B1A61">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BFFD53BDEF4C8A3FFA733EA343796DF3">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="73E7AFC031C335D5264FCB76390F0046">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03AA87ACFFC46708FF2CC2F02805832F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066905" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121268954" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5066905" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AA87ACFFC46708FF2CC2F02805832F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AA87ACFFC46708FF2CC2F02805832F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="C3196531FFC46706FF2CC2F02F9587E8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFFC46706FF2CC2F0295B8495" blockId="7.[151,1437,1484,2012]" box="[151,535,1484,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="D0F481D6FFC46706FF2CC2F0295B8495" bold="true" box="[151,535,1484,1509]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FF2CC2F0295B8495" bold="true" box="[151,535,1484,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
On
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FF78C2F0295B8495" authority="LeConte, 1873" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1873" box="[195,535,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FF78C2F02A2F8495" bold="true" box="[195,355,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FED1C2F0295B8495" author="LeConte" box="[362,535,1484,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1873) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Part II. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (265), 279 - 348." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte, 1873</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFFC46706FF7CC2D32F9587E8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1484,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
When
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FEA9C2CC2A888778" author="LeConte" box="[274,452,1520,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1873) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Part II. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (265), 279 - 348." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte (1873)</bibRefCitation>
established
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FDEAC2D329A18778" box="[593,749,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FDEAC2D329A18778" box="[593,749,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
he pointed out: “In
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FC69C2CD2F678778" box="[978,1067,1521,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FC69C2CD2F678778" box="[978,1067,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♂ and ♀ the sensitive surface is reticulate, with fine elevated lines, but in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FDD1C128284A875D" box="[618,774,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FDD1C128284A875D" box="[618,774,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♂, the surface is quite uniform. The sides of the prothorax are armed with 3 acute teeth in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FE43C105291D8720" box="[504,593,1593,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FE43C105291D8720" box="[504,593,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FD1CC10B28D78720" box="[679,923,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="integra">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FD1CC10B28D78720" box="[679,923,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis integra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FC6AC1052F1D8720" box="[977,1105,1593,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginata">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FC6AC1052F1D8720" box="[977,1105,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">emarginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the apical and basal teeth are obsolete, so that the sides become unidentate.” And he noted on
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FC36C1612F458705" box="[909,1033,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FC36C1612F458705" box="[909,1033,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. palparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: “
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FB93C1612F958704" authority="Say" authorityName="Say" box="[1064,1241,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FB93C1612FEF8705" box="[1064,1187,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. palparis</emphasis>
Say
</taxonomicName>
, has the form of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FF2CC1BD2BBC87E8" box="[151,240,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FF2CC1BD2BBC87E8" box="[151,240,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the antennae are as in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FD9BC14329F787E8" box="[544,699,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FD9BC14329F787E8" box="[544,699,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.” The same appears in
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FC79C1BC2F9987E8" author="LeConte" box="[962,1237,1664,1688]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="LeConte, J. L. &amp; Horn, G. H. (1883) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 26 (507), i - xxvii + 567 pp." type="book" year="1883">LeConte &amp; Horn (1883)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3196531FFC46709FF7CC19829F486E4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFFC46709FF7CC1982A298015" blockId="7.[151,1437,1484,2012]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FED2C1992AB187CC" author="Leng" box="[361,509,1700,1725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Leng, C. W. (1884) Synopses of Coleoptera (Cerambycidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 7 (4), 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1884">Leng (1884)</bibRefCitation>
: “This genus [
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FD11C199284F87CC" box="[682,771,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FD11C199284F87CC" box="[682,771,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FCF0C19828AB87CD" box="[843,999,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FCF0C19828AB87CD" box="[843,999,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
constitute the group
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FB58C1992E0C87CC" box="[1251,1344,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Prionini">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FB58C1992E0C87CC" box="[1251,1344,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prionini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all the species of which resemble one another closely in superficial appearance… The thorax as noted above is tridentate in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FF0FC1D12A418674" box="[180,269,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FF0FC1D12A418674" box="[180,269,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, unidentate in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FE0FC1D0291C8675" box="[436,592,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FE0FC1D0291C8675" box="[436,592,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
…”
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FDC4C1D128478674" author="Leng" box="[639,779,1772,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Leng, C. W. (1884) Synopses of Coleoptera (Cerambycidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 7 (4), 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1884">Leng (1884)</bibRefCitation>
only followed LeConte’s (1873) opinion. In his key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FEA9C02D2A278658" box="[274,363,1809,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FEA9C02D2A278658" box="[274,363,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
he separated them into two groups: “Sensitive surface antennae ♂ and ♀ reticulate with fine elevated lines. Antennal joints 12; soles hind tarsi densely pubescent”, leading to
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FBF5C0092E34863C" authority="Drury, 1773" authorityName="Drury" authorityYear="1773" box="[1102,1400,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Cerambyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticollis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FBF5C0092F83863D" box="[1102,1231,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. laticollis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FB5AC0082E3C863C" author="Drury" box="[1249,1392,1844,1868]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Drury, D. (1773) Illustrations of Natural History, wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred and twenty figures of exotic insects according to their different genera; very few of which have hitherto been figured by any author, being engraved and coloured from nature, with the greatest accuracy, and under the author's own inspection, on fifty copper-plates. With a particular description of each insect: interspersed with remarks and reflections on the nature and properties of many of them. D. Drury, London, 2: vii + 90 pp, 50 pls." type="book" year="1773">Drury, 1773</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FA3CC0092AE38600" authority="Dalman, 1817" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1817" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pocularis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FA3CC0092A4D8600" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. pocularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FEB0C06B2AE38600" author="Dalman" box="[267,431,1879,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Dalman, J. W. (1817) In: Schoenherr, C. J. Synonymia insectorum, oder: Versuch einer synonymie aller bisher bekannten Insectten; nach Fabricii Systema Eleutheratorum &amp; c. geordnet. Eleutherata oder Kafer. Lewerentzischen Buch., Skara, 1 (3), 506 pp." type="book" year="1817">Dalman, 1817</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FE05C06528058600" authority="Motschulsky, 1845" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[446,841,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FE05C065292F8600" box="[446,611,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. californicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FDD6C06B28058600" author="Motschulsky" box="[621,841,1879,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Motschulsky, V. I. (1845) Remarques sur la collection de coleopteres russes de Victor de Motschulsky. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 18 (1), 1 - 127." type="journal article" year="1845">Motschulsky, 1845</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FCECC0652F848600" authority="Linnaeus, 1767" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[855,1224,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Cerambyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imbricornis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FCECC06528B58600" box="[855,1017,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. imbricornis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FBB0C06B2F8D8600" author="Linnaeus" box="[1035,1217,1879,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Salvius, L., Holmiae, 1 (2), 533 - 1327." type="journal article" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FAB1C0652A1986E4" authority="Haldeman, 1846" authorityName="Haldeman" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissicornis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FAB1C0652ED08600" box="[1290,1436,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. fissicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FF2CC0402A1986E4" author="Haldeman" box="[151,341,1916,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Haldeman, S. S. (1846) On several new genera and species of insects. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 3 (6), 124 - 128." type="journal article" year="1846">Haldeman, 1846</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; and “Sensitive surface ♂ uniform. Antennal joints 12; soles of hind tarsi concave and sparsely pubescent”, leading to
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FE1BC09D29D686C8" authority="Say, 1824" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1824" box="[416,666,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FE1BC09D295086C9" box="[416,540,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. palparis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFC46706FD9DC09C29D686C8" author="Say" box="[550,666,1952,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Say, T. (1824) Descriptions of coleopterous insects in the late expedition to the Rocky Mountains, performed by order of Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Major Long. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2, 298 - 331." type="journal article" year="1824">Say, 1824</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. And, before the key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFC46706FBDAC09C2FB186C9" box="[1121,1277,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFC46706FBDAC09C2FB186C9" box="[1121,1277,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, he recorded: “Sensitive surface ♂ uniform; soles of hind tarsi concave and sparsely pubescent; antennae 13–14 jointed.” As it is possible to see, the concept of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE46C7A5291A81C0" box="[509,598,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE46C7A5291A81C0" box="[509,598,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
both in
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FD01C7A4282381C0" author="LeConte" box="[698,879,152,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1873) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Part II. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (265), 279 - 348." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte (1873)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FC11C7A42F7681C0" author="Leng" box="[938,1082,152,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Leng, C. W. (1884) Synopses of Coleoptera (Cerambycidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 7 (4), 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1884">Leng (1884)</bibRefCitation>
, differentiated this genus from
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF2CC7802A7F81A5" box="[151,307,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF2CC7802A7F81A5" box="[151,307,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only by the shape of lateral sides of prothorax. As
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FC10C7802F2881A4" author="LeConte" box="[939,1124,188,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1873) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Part II. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (265), 279 - 348." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte (1873)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FBCDC7812E4A81A4" author="Leng" box="[1142,1286,188,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Leng, C. W. (1884) Synopses of Coleoptera (Cerambycidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 7 (4), 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1884">Leng (1884)</bibRefCitation>
wrote on
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FA3CC7812BB88188" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA3CC7812BB88188" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. palparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: “The tables are exhibited in the above form for the purpose of clearly showing the close relation between the genera, and also the intermediate position with
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FD68C638287C806D" box="[723,816,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FD68C638287C806D" box="[723,816,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">palparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occupies.” Thus, for
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FB9AC6382F9F806C" author="LeConte" box="[1057,1235,260,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1873) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Part II. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (265), 279 - 348." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte (1873)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FAB1C6392EDB806C" author="Leng" box="[1290,1431,260,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Leng, C. W. (1884) Synopses of Coleoptera (Cerambycidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 7 (4), 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1884">Leng (1884)</bibRefCitation>
, it is not the texture of the surface of antennomere III that separates
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FC00C6152F588030" box="[955,1044,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC00C6152F588030" box="[955,1044,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FBDBC61B2FB08030" box="[1120,1276,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FBDBC61B2FB08030" box="[1120,1276,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but only the prothoracic shape.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFFCB6709FF7CC64C2F808407" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FF7CC64C2A1080F8" author="Casey" box="[199,348,368,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
separated
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE68C64D296080F8" box="[467,556,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE68C64D296080F8" box="[467,556,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FDD4C653284780F8" box="[623,779,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FDD4C653284780F8" box="[623,779,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCFBC64D28E880F8" box="[832,932,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCFBC64D28E880F8" box="[832,932,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in his key: “Antennae having the outer joints sculptured with a longitudinal reticulation of anastomosing raised lines, stout and imbricate (♂) or slender (♀); sides of the prothorax with two acute teeth and an acutely prominent to obtuse or rounded basal angle”, leading to
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF2CC6E12BBC8084" box="[151,240,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF2CC6E12BBC8084" box="[151,240,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and “Antennae having the surface of the outer joints even and not reticulate with raised lines”, leading to
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF2CC6C32A7F8368" box="[151,307,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF2CC6C32A7F8368" box="[151,307,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FED5C53D2A9E8368" box="[366,466,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FED5C53D2A9E8368" box="[366,466,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE59C6C329328368" box="[482,638,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE59C6C329328368" box="[482,638,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was separated from
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCCBC53D289F8368" box="[880,979,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCCBC53D289F8368" box="[880,979,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: “Sides of the prothorax as in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FA87C53D2ED98368" box="[1340,1429,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA87C53D2ED98368" box="[1340,1429,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; antennae (♂) with the joints not sinuate beneath at their apices, 12-jointed; posterior tarsi distinctly shorter and broader than in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FEE8C5752AE08310" box="[339,428,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FEE8C5752AE08310" box="[339,428,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and more scantily clothed beneath”, leading to
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FC59C5752F0A8310" box="[994,1094,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC59C5752F0A8310" box="[994,1094,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and “Sides of the prothorax rounded, without trace of teeth, except occasionally a small median denticle; antennae (♂) formed as in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FA87C5512ED983F4" box="[1340,1429,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA87C5512ED983F4" box="[1340,1429,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the joints deeply sinuate beneath at their apices or strongly bilobed, closely imbricate, 13- to 14-jointed; posterior tarsi as in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE9FC5892A3183BC" box="[292,381,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE9FC5892A3183BC" box="[292,381,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but less padded beneath and with more evident long hairs intermingled”, leading to
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF2CC5EB2A7F8380" box="[151,307,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF2CC5EB2A7F8380" box="[151,307,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In other words,
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FE48C5E429C58380" author="Casey" box="[499,649,728,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
saw the main feature separating those genera as the presence of striae in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF03C5C12A5D8264" box="[184,273,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF03C5C12A5D8264" box="[184,273,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and their absence in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FDA7C5C029F48265" box="[540,696,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FDA7C5C029F48265" box="[540,696,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FD4CC5C128168264" box="[759,858,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FD4CC5C128168264" box="[759,858,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. There are species currently known (allocated in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF2CC4232A7F8248" box="[151,307,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF2CC4232A7F8248" box="[151,307,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) with sides of prothorax distinctly explanate (as in many species of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FB87C41D2FD98248" box="[1084,1173,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB87C41D2FD98248" box="[1084,1173,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and without striae on the antennomeres. The inclusion of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FD9EC47929D1822D" box="[549,669,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FD9EC47929D1822D" box="[549,669,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. palparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FD68C479280F822D" box="[723,835,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FD68C479280F822D" box="[723,835,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a different genus (
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FB8BC4792FD8822C" box="[1072,1172,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB8BC4792FD8822C" box="[1072,1172,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), as proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FAECC4782BAF82F0" author="Casey" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
, based mainly in the sides of prothorax, is not coherent. For example, at least in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FBCAC4552FAF82F0" box="[1137,1251,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FBCAC4552FAF82F0" box="[1137,1251,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sides of the prothorax can be as in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE1DC4B0290E82D5" box="[422,578,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE1DC4B0290E82D5" box="[422,578,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(without distinct anterolateral angle).
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FBBBC4B02FD582D4" author="Casey" box="[1024,1177,908,932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
also affirmed that the antennomeres in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FEE7C48D2A8C82B8" box="[348,448,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FEE7C48D2A8C82B8" box="[348,448,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not sinuate or bilobed, while in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCD1C4932F4A82B8" box="[874,1030,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCD1C4932F4A82B8" box="[874,1030,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are. However, both forms are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FEB7C4E82AE4829D" box="[268,424,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FEB7C4E82AE4829D" box="[268,424,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, rendering this feature useless. Regarding the posterior tarsi, they are not as mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FF2CC4C42A628560" author="Casey" box="[151,302,1016,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
in
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FEE8C4C529548560" box="[339,536,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FEE8C4C529588560" box="[339,532,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">Prionus palparis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54B88818FFCB6709FD9BC4C4291C8560" box="[544,592,1016,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FD6BC4C528788560" box="[720,820,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FD6BC4C528788560" box="[720,820,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. There are many species in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FBC9C4C52F878560" box="[1138,1227,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FBC9C4C52F878560" box="[1138,1227,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the length of metatarsi similar to that of the true
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FDA6C32129D98545" box="[541,661,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FDA6C32129D98545" box="[541,661,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. palparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are not short, although they are broader than usually observed in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF0DC37D2A438528" box="[182,271,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF0DC37D2A438528" box="[182,271,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the metatarsi are quite short in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCBBC37D283F8528" box="[768,883,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCBBC37D283F8528" box="[768,883,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but they are not broad. The ventral side of the metatarsi of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE9FC3592AD1850D" box="[292,413,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE9FC3592AD1850D" box="[292,413,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. palparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE6DC3592904850D" box="[470,584,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE6DC3592904850D" box="[470,584,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more scantily clothed beneath than usually observed in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FB64C3592E74850C" box="[1247,1336,1125,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB64C3592E74850C" box="[1247,1336,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is also so in the species of
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE1EC3B52AFB85D0" box="[421,439,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE71C3BB292A85D0" box="[458,614,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE71C3BB292A85D0" box="[458,614,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) listed by
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FD60C3B4283885D0" author="Casey" box="[731,884,1160,1184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
. The metatarsal spongy pad in species of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FAF8C3B52A4F85B4" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Prionus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FAF8C3B52ED085D0" box="[1347,1436,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF1BC3912BB585B4" box="[160,249,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
is quite different from those currently placed in
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC97C391287385B4" box="[812,831,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCE9C39028A285B5" box="[850,1006,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCE9C39028A285B5" box="[850,1006,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). For example, in the metatarsomeres of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF0CC3ED2A178598" box="[183,347,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF0CC3ED2A178598" box="[183,347,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. californicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the central glabrous area is narrower and well defined and the setae of the pad are dense and uniform, while in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FED9C3C92944847C" box="[354,520,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FED9C3C92944847C" box="[354,520,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. emarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the central glabrous area is distinctly less defined and the setae of the pad are not dense and uniform. Thus, since the only remaining character to separate
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FB9FC22B2F8C8440" box="[1060,1216,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB9FC22B2F8C8440" box="[1060,1216,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FAADC2252E368440" box="[1302,1402,1305,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FAADC2252E368440" box="[1302,1402,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is prothoracic shape, and we have specimens of at least one species (
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FC38C20128B88425" box="[899,1012,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC38C20128B88425" box="[899,1012,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that can be allocated in both genera, we concluded that
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FED1C26329438408" author="Linsley" box="[362,527,1375,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part II. Taxonomy and classification of the Parandrinae, Prioninae, Spondylinae and Aseminae. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 19, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley (1962)</bibRefCitation>
was right when he synonymized
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FC3DC25D28A68408" box="[902,1002,1377,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC3DC25D28A68408" box="[902,1002,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FB92C2632F898408" box="[1065,1221,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB92C2632F898408" box="[1065,1221,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFFCB6709FF7CC2B92A348675" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FF7CC2B92AC084EC" author="Lameere" box="[199,396,1412,1436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1912 a) Revision des prionides (Vingtieme memoire-Prionines VII). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 56, 185 - 260." type="journal article" year="1912" yearSuffix="a">Lameere (1912a)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FDA4C2B829F784ED" box="[543,699,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FDA4C2B829F784ED" box="[543,699,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCCCC2B9289C84EC" box="[887,976,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCCCC2B9289C84EC" box="[887,976,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[translation]: “Second subgroup.—The antennae do not reach the middle of the elytra in male, and they have 13 or 14 segments, the segments from the third are sinuate or emarginated, forming two lobes; the anterolateral angle of prothorax is erased. This subgroup corresponds to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE0AC2D328D08778" authority="LeConte, Smiths. Misc. Coll." authorityName="LeConte, Smiths. Misc. Coll." box="[433,924,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE0AC2D329018778" box="[433,589,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
LeConte, Smiths. Misc. Coll.
</taxonomicName>
, VI, 1862, p. 288 [
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FBD7C2CD2FC78778" box="[1132,1163,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sic</emphasis>
].” Only
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FB56C2CD2ED78778" box="[1261,1435,1521,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="integer">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB56C2CD2ED78778" box="[1261,1435,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus integer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF71C1292A38875C" box="[202,372,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF71C1292A38875C" box="[202,372,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. emarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were considered in the subgroup. However, antennal length is variable, at least in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FAF8C1292A6E8720" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FAF8C1292A6E8720" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus emarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The antennae in this species can distinctly surpass the middle of elytra, although usually they only reach or almost reach the middle. As seen above,
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FD72C16128318704" author="Lameere" box="[713,893,1628,1652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere (1919)</bibRefCitation>
listed
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FC72C1612F618704" box="[969,1069,1629,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC72C1612F618704" box="[969,1069,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as another synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FA87C1612ED98704" box="[1340,1429,1629,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA87C1612ED98704" box="[1340,1429,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it was
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FE9AC1432A8287E8" author="Linsley" box="[289,462,1663,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part II. Taxonomy and classification of the Parandrinae, Prioninae, Spondylinae and Aseminae. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 19, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley (1962)</bibRefCitation>
who synonymized the former with
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FC30C1432F6B87E8" box="[907,1063,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC30C1432F6B87E8" box="[907,1063,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. To
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FBDCC1BC2E6987E8" author="Lameere" box="[1127,1317,1664,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere (1919)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FA83C1BD2ED787E8" box="[1336,1435,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA83C1BD2ED787E8" box="[1336,1435,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
corresponded to his first subgroup of the same group of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCA6C1982FE987CC" authority="in Lameere (1912a)" authorityName="in Lameere" authorityYear="1912" box="[797,1189,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCA6C19828F587CD" box="[797,953,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FC5AC1992FE987CC" author="Lameere" box="[993,1189,1700,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1912 a) Revision des prionides (Vingtieme memoire-Prionines VII). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 56, 185 - 260." type="journal article" year="1912" yearSuffix="a">Lameere (1912a)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and included only
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FA3CC1992BB88790" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA3CC1992BB88790" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. palparis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, to
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FEC9C1F429608790" author="Lameere" box="[370,556,1736,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere (1919)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FD87C1FB29948790" box="[572,728,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FD87C1FB29948790" box="[572,728,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCACC1F528378790" box="[791,891,1737,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCACC1F528378790" box="[791,891,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belonged to the same group, but they formed different subgroups.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFFCB6709FF7CC03329F486E4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FF7CC0332A228658" author="Linsley" box="[199,366,1807,1832]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley (1957)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE43C03329D88658" box="[504,660,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE43C03329D88658" box="[504,660,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCD9C02D28F78658" box="[866,955,1809,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCD9C02D28F78658" box="[866,955,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but did not provide an explanation of his reasoning.
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FEAAC0082AFB863D" author="Linsley" box="[273,439,1844,1869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part II. Taxonomy and classification of the Parandrinae, Prioninae, Spondylinae and Aseminae. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 19, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley (1962)</bibRefCitation>
included five species in this subgenus:
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FCCBC0092F87863C" box="[880,1227,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus" subGenus="Homaesthesis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FCCBC00928CF863C" box="[880,899,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC2EC0082F7D863D" box="[917,1073,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FBFBC0092F87863C" box="[1088,1227,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">emarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FB61C0092E35863C" box="[1242,1401,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="integer" subGenus="Homaesthesis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB61C0092FA0863C" box="[1242,1260,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FB45C0092E56863C" box="[1278,1306,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">H.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA91C0092E35863C" box="[1322,1401,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">integer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FA3CC0092AF68600" authority="Say, 1824" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palparis" subGenus="Homaesthesis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FA3CC0092ED6863C" box="[1415,1434,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF1BC0652BF08600" box="[160,188,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">H.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF6FC06B2A7D8600" box="[212,305,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">palparis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FEFAC0642AF68600" author="Say" box="[321,442,1880,1904]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Say, T. (1824) Descriptions of coleopterous insects in the late expedition to the Rocky Mountains, performed by order of Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Major Long. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2, 298 - 331." type="journal article" year="1824">Say, 1824</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FE76C06528768600" authority="Casey, 1912" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1912" box="[461,826,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex" subGenus="Homaesthesis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE76C0652A938600" box="[461,479,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FE41C065295A8600" box="[506,534,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">H.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FD95C06B29CF8600" box="[558,643,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">simplex</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FD20C064287D8600" author="Casey" box="[667,817,1880,1904]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FC3EC0652E548600" authority="Linsley, 1957" authorityName="Linsley" authorityYear="1957" box="[901,1304,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodocerus" subGenus="Homaesthesis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC3EC06528D48600" box="[901,920,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC08C06528828600" box="[947,974,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">H.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FC5DC06B2F298600" box="[998,1125,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">rhodocerus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6709FBCEC06B2E548600" author="Linsley" box="[1141,1304,1879,1904]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Currently,
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF2CC0402A7F86E5" box="[151,307,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF2CC0402A7F86E5" box="[151,307,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FDE3C04129FD86E4" box="[600,689,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FDE3C04129FD86E4" box="[600,689,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3196531FFCB6708FF7CC09C2805832F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFFCB6708FF7CC09C2805832F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,608]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCB6709FF7CC09C2A2F86C9" box="[199,355,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCB6709FF7CC09C2A2F86C9" box="[199,355,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
encompasses species very heterogeneous in general appearance, sharing two features: the absence of striae on antennomeres, and the spongy pad of metatarsomere not dense and not uniform.
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCB6708FA92C0F92A0281C0" author="Hovore" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Hovore, F. T. &amp; Turnbow Jr., R. H. (1984) A new species of Prionus (Homaesthesis) from the Monahans Sandhills of western Texas (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Entomological News, 95 (1), 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1984">Hovore &amp; Turnbow (1984)</bibRefCitation>
commented on this: “The number of characters by which
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FC66C7AB2F3581C0" box="[989,1145,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FC66C7AB2F3581C0" box="[989,1145,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished has been reduced by the inclusion of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FDAEC78129CD81A4" ID-CoL="788BR" box="[533,641,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenarius">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FDAEC78129CD81A4" box="[533,641,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">arenarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(possessing strongly produced and reflexed anterior pronotal angles). For the present, the 12 to 14-segmented antennae, with non-striolate poriferous areas will suffice to differentiate all known
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FF57C6382AC4806D" box="[236,392,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FF57C6382AC4806D" box="[236,392,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from other nearctic subgenera of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FCA9C6392827806C" ID-CoL="6423V" box="[786,875,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FCA9C6392827806C" box="[786,875,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.” Actually, the species currently allocated in the other subgenera of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FEC6C6152A9A8030" ID-CoL="6423V" box="[381,470,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FEC6C6152A9A8030" box="[381,470,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including non-American species, have striolate antennomeres. However, in some species the striae are slightly marked, and in other they are absent on basal antennomeres, as for example, in
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FF2CC64D2ABA80F8" ID-CoL="4MGZZ" authority="Lameere, 1912" authorityName="Lameere" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,502,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gahani">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FF2CC64D2A0880F8" box="[151,324,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prionus gahani</emphasis>
Lameere, 1912
</taxonomicName>
(from
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFFCA6708FDFEC65329C080F8" box="[581,652,367,392]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">China</collectingCountry>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FD6BC64D280280F8" ID-CoL="69JM5" box="[720,846,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Cerambyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticollis">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FD6BC64D280280F8" box="[720,846,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. laticollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[if the descriptions by
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFFCA6708FBEEC6532FB780F8" author="Linsley" box="[1109,1275,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part II. Taxonomy and classification of the Parandrinae, Prioninae, Spondylinae and Aseminae. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 19, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley (1962)</bibRefCitation>
and Chemsak (1996) are accurate]. This suggests that the complete absence of striae on antennomeres is just an extreme condition, present in species that do not form a monophyletic group based on that feature. Regarding the number of antennal segments, we will comment on that feature below, where we comment on the validity of
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FAF8C6E12A118368" ID-CoL="6423V" authority="(Neopolyarthron)" baseAuthorityName="Neopolyarthron" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FAF8C6E12ED08084" box="[1347,1436,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prionus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FF1BC6C32A1E8368" box="[160,338,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Neopolyarthron</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
. However, we believe it is possible to keep
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FCF9C53D28188368" box="[834,852,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FCDDC6C32F4E8368" box="[870,1026,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Homaesthesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FCDDC6C32F4E8368" box="[870,1026,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Homaesthesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) distinct from
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FB1DC53D2FF58368" box="[1190,1209,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FFCA6708FB70C53D2E688368" ID-CoL="6423V" box="[1227,1316,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FFCA6708FB70C53D2E688368" box="[1227,1316,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), based on the combined presence of two features: absence of striae on antennomeres of males; and spongy pad of metatarsomeres sparse (not dense) and uniform in both sexes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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