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<document id="0D83F6A03C36B27039F6223F59563721" ID-CLB-Dataset="20981" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.715" ID-GBIF-Dataset="775fa0af-c6d1-4679-80cc-c756b01d1743" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4022397" ID-ZooBank="08022AE1-B293-4D42-9733-AC4845E656B7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1599741962429" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Bertolino, Marco, Costa, Gabriele, Bavestrello, Giorgio, Pansini, Maurizio &amp; Daneri, Giovanni" docDate="2020" docId="805287BEFF85351BFE41D0EDFB58F728" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-715_bertolino_costa_bavestrello.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 715" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhizaxinella strongylata Bertolino &amp; Costa &amp; Bavestrello &amp; Pansini &amp; Daneri 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="78052288-83C4-4D9F-91DE-6275C19187CE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="7C6BFFC6FFA6353EFFF2D178FFA6F659" masterDocTitle="New sponge species from Seno Magdalena, Puyuhuapi Fjord and Jacaf Canal (Chile)" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1698845848417" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="D9C24B9E604BAD642A15A5DBF78D2862" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A73CBA3BD0F33672019FC8E808434113">
<mods:title id="E29F532E120BCF5BFC18239C1D409D93">New sponge species from Seno Magdalena, Puyuhuapi Fjord and Jacaf Canal (Chile)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0904CC1395638E6E2E0B06A0244DCC68" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C96977A4A6A2E0946E8B4B5AA2C3635F">
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<mods:namePart id="06C3E416050E63E1F4B4D912C81F9992">Bertolino, Marco</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="411BF472870D101523798E8D0E1A3F38" type="LSID">71370556-B858-471C-B544-5641E2243080</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0C46B353526DF2F9237216E6E48AF164">Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa, 26 - 16132 Genova, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="31A6545D9AD9871B380DAE4326072582" type="email">marco.bertolino@unige.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5512D16F50D22EBFCDA271157BFFCDFD">Costa, Gabriele</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EA32F96C84E3EBB16EF0FF57190BB547" type="LSID">9712037F-157D-477D-AA5E-7111C26CAE1D</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0127A728DCB828AB379CC743DBED3852">Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa, 26 - 16132 Genova, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="77AF6B008AE8D2DC78ABBC23B61C6A69" type="email">gabrielec1987@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="20D21996BE38D38766CCD3184704AA7A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8CDF89B3A12ED04A35939DAA8CE9B317">
<mods:roleTerm id="B9DACB57EE65AFA4C3293241F349E886">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5F2074065283F26BA9C87CAB6B41F0D2">Bavestrello, Giorgio</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="564F5A8555E07B600FBD731F8FB06E0F" type="LSID">4D585539-D4B7-4EB1-ABAD-629D9A547C9E</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1AB1629DF138AE2639CA16459409C746">Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa, 26 - 16132 Genova, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="77C7C78D4212E730B71B953AE21448BB" type="email">giorgio.bavestrello@unige.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="46A5AA4A0C9F2E73F93D68B3D81F8876" type="personal">
<mods:role id="894786AEDA3CAEFC4DB6BA880E42E850">
<mods:roleTerm id="4A09993D8CEAEDAA7A2AF96FE6CF42E9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="64E72D1A3155F1B0AF410AA4F3114D40">Pansini, Maurizio</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C73F4058B24D91A121A925B7E2D9FADF" type="LSID">7F4DA865-D72F-45FA-ABC5-81187748E6BF</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C222EABFD1BEE0215BEF08E24A9B3EC5">Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa, 26 - 16132 Genova, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C28879A97486438D4705DE74890BD78B" type="email">pansisml@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="C8CFBD04FFA8FC9EA258708775764D49">
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<mods:namePart id="8B9693C34B46806BCF8F3A7E542C8DE2">Daneri, Giovanni</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BBC6224EEEFF4E04E44D9E92AD8F12AB" type="LSID">C4E24C36-8D7E-44B2-B0C8-4BB56A4B7A2D</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A728BCAA08EAFE1DEAF170A40A9BC7CF">Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Moraleda 16 Coyhaique, Chile. &amp; Programa COPAS Sur Austral Universidad de Concepción, Barros Arana, Concepción, Chile.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7704B08DB4F86C837C4FDC5B0D2303D3" type="email">gdaneri@ciep.cl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="F5A76E6B7EA4BF9D0CF8163717023E38">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7E2E92EDB467316E04F3BA0A37594579">
<mods:date id="D6B5E1EF9519BFE04536E091C033F42C">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BEF62676531143A38FB5E6C248FA464E">2020-09-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AA47A8FC9D1F2F5B9E7783B7C853D99B">715</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="266D713E82C69BD7D58E878EDF296340">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="24713C62A7CB2F2882DBA42CBFCCF0F9" type="CLB-Dataset">20981</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="48BFB35A1DC6D68356F0D4CDB05EF2F2" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2020.715</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="943BAC14B3A6FC995074B0AF87D20837" type="ZooBank">08022AE1-B293-4D42-9733-AC4845E656B7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="805287BEFF85351BFE41D0EDFB58F728" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4330268" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167581991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4330268" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:78052288-83C4-4D9F-91DE-6275C19187CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/805287BEFF85351BFE41D0EDFB58F728" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection id="40E16523FF85351DFE41D0EDFB27F7E9" box="[435,1153,405,432]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFE41D0EDFB27F7E9" blockId="35.[375,1212,405,504]" box="[435,1153,405,432]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="530C81C4FF85351DFE41D0EDFB27F7E9" box="[435,1153,405,432]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFE41D0EDFCF2F7E9" authority="Bertolino" authorityName="Bertolino &amp; Costa &amp; Bavestrello &amp; Pansini &amp; Daneri" authorityYear="2020" box="[435,852,405,432]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongylata">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFE41D0EDFD7DF7E9" bold="true" box="[435,731,405,432]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Rhizaxinella strongylata</emphasis>
Bertolino
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingRegion id="CA3FF84AFF85351DFC92D0EEFC05F7E9" box="[864,931,406,432]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Costa</collectingRegion>
&amp; Pansini
<taxonomicNameLabel id="21BC57C1FF85351DFBD4D0EEFB27F7E9" box="[1062,1153,406,432]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40E16523FF85351DFE85D0C2FCE5F7A1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<uri id="7C6A3AAAFF85351DFE85D0C2FB1AF78C" box="[375,1212,442,469]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFD02D0A6FCE5F7A1" blockId="35.[375,1212,405,504]" box="[752,835,478,504]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<figureCitation id="90C02A2DFF85351DFD02D0A6FCE5F7A1" box="[752,835,478,504]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 14. Rhizaxinella strongylata Bertolino, Costa &amp; Pansini sp. nov., holotype (CILE 65; MSGN 61499). A. The holotype in life. B. Tylostyles I. C. Tylostyles II. D. Strongyloid styles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4022431/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40E16523FF85351DFF4FD358FB27F430" box="[189,1153,544,618]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD358FEE2F463" blockId="35.[189,324,544,570]" box="[189,324,544,570]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="530C81C4FF85351DFF4FD358FEE2F463" bold="true" box="[189,324,544,570]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFF4FD358FEE2F463" bold="true" box="[189,324,544,570]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD337FB27F430" blockId="35.[189,1153,591,618]" box="[189,1153,591,618]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">The new species is so named for the presence of strongyloid styles in the spicules.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40E16523FF85351DFF4FD3EAFB6CF57A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD3EAFECAF4F5" blockId="35.[189,364,658,684]" box="[189,364,658,684]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="530C81C4FF85351DFF4FD3EAFECAF4F5" bold="true" box="[189,364,658,684]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFF4FD3EAFECAF4F5" bold="true" box="[189,364,658,684]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation id="B8933CF5FF85351DFF18D3B9FB6CF57A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2858963316" collectedFrom="on a vertical wall by scuba diving" collectingDate="2016-08-05" collectingDateMax="2016-08-10" collectingDateMin="2016-08-05" collectionCode="CILE, MSGN" collectorName="Marco Bertolino" country="Chile" elevation="25" latitude="-44.614864" location="Seno Magdalena D" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.95831" municipality="Puerto Cisnes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCode="CILE 65, MSGN 61499" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF18D3B9FEFAF482" blockId="35.[189,1399,705,804]" box="[234,348,705,731]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFF18D3B9FEFAF482" bold="true" box="[234,348,705,731]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<typeStatus id="D740880AFF85351DFF18D3B9FEFAF482" box="[234,348,705,731]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD39DFB6CF57A" blockId="35.[189,1399,705,804]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<collectingCountry id="70EC7638FF85351DFF4FD39DFEB5F4A6" box="[189,275,741,767]" name="Chile" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">CHILE</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFEC6D39DFE44F4A6" bold="true" box="[308,482,741,767]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<collectingMunicipality id="E820ACD2FF85351DFEC6D39DFE44F4A6" box="[308,482,741,767]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Puerto Cisnes</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="0D246073FF85351DFE0DD39DFD40F559" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:805287BEFF85351BFE41D0EDFB58F728:0D246073FF85351DFE0DD39DFD40F559" box="[511,742,741,768]" country="Chile" latitude="-44.614864" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.95831" municipality="Puerto Cisnes" name="Seno Magdalena D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Seno Magdalena D</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="6DCF506FFF85351DFD06D39DFC31F4A6" box="[756,919,741,767]" degrees="44.614863" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="1" value="-44.614864">44.614863° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6DCF506FFF85351DFC54D39DFBF3F559" box="[934,1109,741,768]" degrees="72.958312" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" precision="1" value="-72.95831">72.958312° W</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="CF039B4DFF85351DFB5FD39DFB4BF559" box="[1197,1261,741,768]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="25.0">
<elevation id="83D6D19BFF85351DFB5FD39DFB4BF559" box="[1197,1261,741,768]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="7C451068FF85351DFB09D39DFF5DF57A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2016-08-05" valueMax="2016-08-10" valueMin="2016-08-05">
<collectingDate id="6C01E980FF85351DFB09D39DFF5DF57A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2016-08-05" valueMax="2016-08-10" valueMin="2016-08-05">5–10 Aug. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="A50E537EFF85351DFEF5D272FE6CF57A" box="[263,458,777,804]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Marco Bertolino</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="BBE77555FF85351DFDFED272FC3AF57A" box="[524,924,777,804]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">on a vertical wall by scuba diving</collectedFrom>
;
<specimenCode id="585D9ED3FF85351DFC55D271FBB6F57D" box="[935,1040,777,804]" collectionCode="CILE" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">CILE 65</specimenCode>
;
<specimenCode id="585D9ED3FF85351DFBEFD271FB60F57A" box="[1053,1222,777,803]" collectionCode="MSGN" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">MSGN 61499</specimenCode>
.
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40E16523FF85351DFF4FD233FC0DF33A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD233FEE8F53C" blockId="35.[189,334,843,869]" box="[189,334,843,869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="530C81C4FF85351DFF4FD233FEE8F53C" bold="true" box="[189,334,843,869]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFF4FD233FEE8F53C" bold="true" box="[189,334,843,869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD203FC05F584" blockId="35.[189,1399,890,989]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
HABITUS. Small erect sponge,
<quantity id="CF039B4DFF85351DFDDAD202FDC3F5CC" box="[552,613,890,917]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
high, with thin stalk (
<quantity id="CF039B4DFF85351DFC84D202FC1BF5CC" box="[886,957,890,917]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
in diameter) which divides into two branches with peariform extremities (
<figureCitation id="90C02A2DFF85351DFD80D2E7FD78F5E0" box="[626,734,927,953]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 14. Rhizaxinella strongylata Bertolino, Costa &amp; Pansini sp. nov., holotype (CILE 65; MSGN 61499). A. The holotype in life. B. Tylostyles I. C. Tylostyles II. D. Strongyloid styles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4022431/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
). Two round oscula visible. Surface hispid. Colour in life bright yellow (
<figureCitation id="90C02A2DFF85351DFE98D2BBFE71F584" box="[362,471,963,989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 14. Rhizaxinella strongylata Bertolino, Costa &amp; Pansini sp. nov., holotype (CILE 65; MSGN 61499). A. The holotype in life. B. Tylostyles I. C. Tylostyles II. D. Strongyloid styles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4022431/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
). Consistency strong but compressible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD57DFBC3F21A" blockId="35.[189,1399,1029,1091]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">SKELETON. Stalk characterized by axial compact skeleton that diverges into thinner secondary axes in branches. Close to surface ectosomal skeleton composed of brushes of spicules.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD513FB71F2A8" blockId="35.[189,1399,1131,1266]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
SPICULES. Megascleres: Smooth, slightly curved, long tylostyles (
<figureCitation id="90C02A2DFF85351DFC45D513FB87F2DC" box="[951,1057,1131,1157]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 14. Rhizaxinella strongylata Bertolino, Costa &amp; Pansini sp. nov., holotype (CILE 65; MSGN 61499). A. The holotype in life. B. Tylostyles I. C. Tylostyles II. D. Strongyloid styles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4022431/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
), 841.5–(1466.3)–2320.5 μm long and 17.5–(21.75)–30 μm thick. Shorter, straight or curved, often fusiform tylostyles, with different heads (
<figureCitation id="90C02A2DFF85351DFEE2D5CBFEDCF294" box="[272,378,1203,1229]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 14. Rhizaxinella strongylata Bertolino, Costa &amp; Pansini sp. nov., holotype (CILE 65; MSGN 61499). A. The holotype in life. B. Tylostyles I. C. Tylostyles II. D. Strongyloid styles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4022431/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
), 175–(230.25)–320 μm long and 10–(14.1)–17.5 μm thick. Smooth strongyloid styles, more or less curved (
<figureCitation id="90C02A2DFF85351DFE46D5AFFD87F2A8" box="[436,545,1239,1265]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1398,265,1878]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 14. Rhizaxinella strongylata Bertolino, Costa &amp; Pansini sp. nov., holotype (CILE 65; MSGN 61499). A. The holotype in life. B. Tylostyles I. C. Tylostyles II. D. Strongyloid styles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4022431/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
), 200–(274.55)–340 μm long and 10–(18.75)–25 μm thick.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD461FEBBF36A" blockId="35.[189,285,1305,1331]" box="[189,285,1305,1331]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="530C81C4FF85351DFF4FD461FEBBF36A" bold="true" box="[189,285,1305,1331]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFF4FD461FEBBF36A" bold="true" box="[189,285,1305,1331]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD431FC0DF33A" blockId="35.[189,939,1353,1380]" box="[189,939,1353,1380]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Species lives at a depth between 20 and
<quantity id="CF039B4DFF85351DFD67D431FD77F33A" box="[661,721,1353,1380]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
on a vertical wall.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40E16523FF85351BFF4FD4F3FB58F728" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD4F3FE89F3FC" blockId="35.[189,303,1419,1445]" box="[189,303,1419,1445]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="530C81C4FF85351DFF4FD4F3FE89F3FC" bold="true" box="[189,303,1419,1445]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFF4FD4F3FE89F3FC" bold="true" box="[189,303,1419,1445]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351DFF4FD4C2FAD1F03C" blockId="35.[189,1399,1466,1637]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Only one species of this genus has been reported from the channels and fjords of southern
<collectingCountry id="70EC7638FF85351DFADDD4C2FAD5F38D" box="[1327,1395,1466,1492]" name="Chile" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Chile</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFF4FD4A6FD53F3A0" authority="(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[189,757,1502,1529]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spiralis">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFF4FD4A6FE13F3A1" box="[189,437,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Rhizaxinella spiralis</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
. The new species
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFC12D4A7FB2AF3A1" authority="Bertolino &amp; Costa &amp; Bavestrello &amp; Pansini &amp; Daneri, 2020" authorityName="Bertolino &amp; Costa &amp; Bavestrello &amp; Pansini &amp; Daneri" authorityYear="2020" box="[992,1164,1502,1528]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongylata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFC12D4A7FB2AF3A1" box="[992,1164,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R. strongylata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="21BC57C1FF85351DFB6BD4A7FB5FF3A0" box="[1177,1273,1503,1529]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
described here differs from
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFE67D77BFDB7F045" baseAuthorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[405,529,1538,1565]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spiralis">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFE67D77BFE01F045" box="[405,423,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFE4BD77AFDB7F045" box="[441,529,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">spiralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in external morphology, shape and size of styles/tylostyles, and in the presence of strongyloid spicules. In fact,
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFD53D75FFCBCF019" baseAuthorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[673,794,1574,1601]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spiralis">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFD53D75FFD15F019" box="[673,691,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFD30D75EFCBCF019" box="[706,794,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">spiralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a stipitate cylindrical shape and two categories of tylostyles/styles that measure 1000 × 13 μm and 400 μm (width not reported in original description).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="084436A8FF85351BFF4FD7F5FB58F728" blockId="35.[189,1399,1677,2028]" lastBlockId="37.[189,1398,267,370]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Four other
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFECBD7F5FE6AF0FE" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1880" box="[313,460,1677,1703]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFECBD7F5FE6AF0FE" box="[313,460,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Rhizaxinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are present in the Southern Hemisphere and so geographically closer to the new species.
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFEAAD7C9FCE8F092" authority="Hentschel, 1909" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1909" box="[344,846,1713,1739]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFEAAD7C9FD2EF092" box="[344,648,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Rhizaxinella australiensis</emphasis>
Hentschel, 1909
</taxonomicName>
(North Patagonian Gulf, East Antarctic Wilkes Land, West
<collectingCountry id="70EC7638FF85351DFEBBD7ADFE11F0A9" box="[329,439,1749,1776]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Australia</collectingCountry>
) is ramified with vertical branches; tylostyles are sinuous, straight or strongyloid and measure 500–1200 × 9–19 μm and 240–500 × 9–12 μm.
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFC62D781FA88F14A" authority="Levi, 1993" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[912,1326,1785,1811]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dichotoma">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFC62D781FB00F14A" box="[912,1190,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Rhizaxinella dichotoma</emphasis>
Lévi, 1993
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="70EC7638FF85351DFACFD781FEB9F16E" name="New Zealand" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="70EC7638FF85351DFED9D665FE42F161" box="[299,484,1821,1848]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
) is pedunculate with multiple branches, has principal tylostyles (725–1200 × 15–30 μm) and peripheral tylostyles (400–800 × 4–10 μm).
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFC79D639FEA7F1D9" authority="(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="durissima">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFC79D639FB3CF102" box="[907,1178,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Rhizaxinella durissima</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
(Southwest
<collectingCountry id="70EC7638FF85351DFE64D61DFDA2F1D9" box="[406,516,1893,1920]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Australia</collectingCountry>
) with pedunculate shape has straight styles/tylostyles (240 × 6.3 μm) and fusiform tylostyles (1500 × 15.7 μm). The species morphologically closest to the new species, based on the large spicules and the presence of strongyloid forms, appears to be
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF85351DFC00D6D6FA8BF19E" authority="Hentschel, 1909" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1909" box="[1010,1325,1965,1991]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFC00D6D6FBA2F19E" box="[1010,1028,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF85351DFBE0D6D5FBCEF19E" box="[1042,1128,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">radiata</emphasis>
Hentschel, 1909
</taxonomicName>
(West
<collectingCountry id="70EC7638FF85351DFF4FD6A9FE8DF1B5" box="[189,299,2001,2028]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Australia</collectingCountry>
) which has a pedunculate shape, straight styles (1100–2150 × 27–45 μm), styles/subtylostyles (250–800 × 10–17 μm) and strongyles (250–350 × 7–11.2 μm). Even allowing for the lesser importance of sponge shape and a degree of morphological variability within the genus, the present description of
<typeStatus id="D740880AFF83351BFF4FD020FF56F72B" box="[189,240,344,370]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
and size of spicules of
<taxonomicName id="CFFB4D2BFF83351BFDF1D020FD0EF728" authority="Bertolino &amp; Costa &amp; Bavestrello &amp; Pansini &amp; Daneri, 2020" authorityName="Bertolino &amp; Costa &amp; Bavestrello &amp; Pansini &amp; Daneri" authorityYear="2020" box="[515,680,343,369]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongylata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3A8FEABAFF83351BFDF1D020FD0EF728" box="[515,680,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">R. strongylata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="21BC57C1FF83351BFD5DD020FCACF72B" box="[687,778,344,370]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
merits the establishment of a new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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